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I       ILLINOIS   STATE       |' 

I         LABORATORY         | ; 
t  OF  NATURAL  HISTORY   ^ • 


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^  LIBRARY  t- 


L  I  E)  R_  A  R.  Y 

OF   THE 

UNIVLR5ITY 

or    ILLI  N015 

591.974 

V.I 

WATUR,^. 

HISTORY 
SURVEY 


Mt-^ 


(L^ccasioiuil   ][.1apcr5 

OF  THE 

Ikston    ^ocictn    af   Hatunil    J)istcrrn. 

VII. 


FAUNA  OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 


P-\RT  1. 
LISTS  OY  THE   VERTEBRATA. 


BOSTON: 

PRINTED   FOR  THE   SOCIETY   FROM   THE 
GURDON   SALTOXSTALL   FUND. 
1904-1909. 


F  -  1  ^  /v  ^ 


</ 


.  1 


CONTENTS 

No.    8. —  List  of  the  Pisces.     H.\    Wn.i.iwc  (  .  Kkxdall.     April. 

1908. 
No.    2. —  List  of  the  Batrachia.     H>   SANrrKi.  Hen.sh.wv.     .\pril, 

1904. 

No.     1. —  List  of  the  ReptiHa.     By  S.\mi;f.l  Henshaw.     March, 
1904. 

No.  11. —  List  of  the  Aves.     By  Glover  M.  Alle.v.     June,  1909. 

No.    3. —  List  of  the  Mammalia.     By  Glover  M.  Alle.v.     June, 
1904. 


dVcasional  papers 


OK    THE 


l^ostou    .^ofictn   of  statural   i)istorn. 

VII. 


FAUNA  OF  NEW   ENGLAND. 


1. 


UST   OF   THE   REPTILIA. 


By   SAMUEL   HENSHAW. 


BOSTON : 

PRINTED    FOR   THE    SOCIETY    FROM    THE 
GURDON   SALTONSTALL    FUND. 

March,  I'.tOl. 


IRKI'TILIA. 


Dennoohelys  coriacea  .      . 
C'lit'lydiu  serpentina     . 
Cinostermim  odoratinn 
ChryseTnys  picta 
("lenuiiys  <ruttata 

insculpta  . 
Kinvs  blandiiisiii 
MaJaooclemniys  terrapin 

geographica 
Cistudo  Carolina      .     . 
Clielonia  niydas  .... 
Tlialassochelys  i*aretta 
Triony.v  spinifer 


Sceloporus  iindulatiis  . 
Cnetnidopiiorus  se.\lineatus 
Eutiieces  ([uitHjiu'lincatus 


Carphophiops  amoenus 
I)iado|>his  puiictatus 
Ileterodon  jdatirhinos  . 
Liuj>eltis  venialis 
Cydophis  aestivus  . 
Zanienis  constrictor 
Coluber  viilpiims 

ohsoletiis    . 
Osceola  doliata  triangula 
Ophiholus  getulus  getulus 
Xatrix  fasciata  sipedon 

leberis       .      .      .      . 
Storeria  dekayi  .     .     .     . 
ocx^-ipitotnaculata 
Haldea  striatula 
Kiitaenia  saiirita 

sirtalis  sirtalis 
pallidiila 
graininea 
urdinata 
Ancistrodon  contortrix 
C'rotaliis  horridus 


Me. 


N.  H 


—  '     + 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 


Vt. 


+ 


Mass. 

+ 

-t- 

R.  I. 

Conn. 

+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 

— 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 

■ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

— 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

REI'TILIA. 

CHELONIA.  ATHE(  AE. 

DEKMOCIIELYDIDAE. 

1.  DKK>fO('IIKI,YS  CORIACKA    (Lilliu'.)    r.oill. 

Marine  leather  turtle  :  Luth  ;  Leathery  turtle. 

Testudo  coi'iacea  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  e<l.  I'i,  ITOO,  vol.  1,  p. 
350.     "Maki  mkditekkaneo,  Adkiatico".' 

/Sp/ifO'f/is  coriacea  Linne.  Ilolbr.,  X.  Araer.  herj)t.,  ed.  '2,  1842, 
vol.  2,  p.  4"),  pi.  r>. 

Marine. 

Me. —  Near  Portland,  off  Saco,  Penobscot  Hay. 
Mass. —  Off    Rockport,  Annisquani,    Salem,    Nahant ;    Massa- 
chusetts Pay,  near  Cape  Cod. 
R.  I. —  Near  Xewport. 
Coxx. —  Lonu  Island  Sonnd. 

THECOIMIOKA. 
CIIELYDRIDAE. 

2.  CiiKKVDKA  sKKi'EN  iiVA  (I.iiinr.)   Scliweigg. 

Snapping  turtle  :  Snake  tortoise. 

Testudo  strpentiiiK  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  Id,  17'>x,  vol.  L  p. 
199.     "Calidis  regioxibus." 

C/iilniiiir)!  .^I'rpf'nti'iKt  Linne.  lloihr..  N.  Aiiier.  Iicrpt.,  ed.  2, 
1S42,  vol.  1,  p.  i;!!t,  pi.  28. 

8ta<;nant  pools,  sluggish  streams. 
Mi:,  to  ("oNN. 

CINnSTKIJNIDAK. 

3.  CixosTEUXuM  ODORATUM  (  Latreillc.)  Bonaj). 

Mud  turtle  :  Musk  turtle  ;  Stink  pot. 

OCC.    I'AI'KU.S    U.   9.    N.    II.      IWM.  \<>l..   7. 


2  FAUNA    OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

CHELONIA.  THECOPHORA. 

CINOSTERNIDAE. 

Testudo  odorata  Latr.,  Hist.,  nat.  reptiles,  180'2,  vol.  1,  p. 
122,  pi.  —,  fig.  3.     ''Caroline." 

Sternothaerus  odoratus  Bosc.  Holbr.,  N.  Araer.  herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  1,  p.  133,  pi.  22. 

Deeper  waters  of  ponds  and  pools. 
Me.  to  CoxN. 

TESTUDINIDAE. 

4.  Chrysemys  picta  (Schneider. )  Gray. 

Fainted  terrapin ;  Mud  turtle  ;  Soldier  turtle. 

Testudo  picta  Schn.,  Allg.  naturg.  schildkroten,  1783,  p.  348. — 
Emys  picta  Schn.  Holbr.  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  1, 
p.  75,  pi.  10. 

Ditches,  ponds,  streams. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

5.  Clemmys  guttata  (Schneider.)  Strauch. 

Spotted  turtle  ;  Mud  turtle. 

Testudo  guttata  Schn.,  Schrift.  Berl.  gesellsch.  nat.  freunde, 
1792,  vol.  10,  p.  204. 

Emys  guttata  Schn.  Holbr.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol. 
1,  p.  81,  pi.  11. 

Ponds  and  streams. 
Me,  to  Conn. 

6.  Clemmys  insculpta  (Leconte.)  Strauch. 

Wood  tortoise ;  Sculptured  tortoise. 

Testudo  inscidpta  Leconte,  Ann.  lye.  nat.  hist.  N.  Y.,  1830. 
vol.  3,  p.  112.     "northern  states". 

Emys  ijisculpta  Leconte.  Holbr..  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  1,  p.  93,  pi.  18. 


KEI'TILIA.  3 

CHELONIA  THECOl'HOKA. 

TESTIDINIDAE. 

Pomls  and  streams;  in  summer  in  dry  fields. 
Mi:,  to  CoNX. 

7.  Emys  itr,ANi)ix<;ii  (Ilolbrook.)  Straucli, 

Blanding's  tortoise. 

Cistudo  blanditujii   llolhr.,    X.    AmtT.   lierpt.,  1S88,   vol.   3,  p. 
35,  pi.  5.     "Fox  KivKu";    ed.  "J,  ls42,  vol.  1.  p.  89,  pi.  8. 

Semiaquatii',  viciiiity  of  streams  and  pumls. 
N.  H. 

Ma.ss. —  Lancaster,     Concord,     North      Ifeadiiig,      Haverhill, 
Tyngsborough. 
R.I. 

8.  Malaooclem.mys  tekkaimn  (Sohoepff.)   Houl. 

Terrapin. 

Testtido  terrtipin  Schoe])ft',  Testvdinvm,  1798,  p.  64,  pi.  15, 
"America  septextrionali." 

A'i/ii/s  terrapin  Schoepft'.  Ilolbr.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  1,  p.  .^7,  pi.  12. 

Salt  marshes  and  contiguous  waters. 
Mass.  to  Conn. 

9.  Malacoclemmys  geograpiiioa   (Lesueur.)   Cope. 

Geographical  terrapin. 

Testudo  geoffraphird  Les.,  Journ.  aca<l.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1817, 
vol.  1,  p.  80,  pi.  5.     "  Lake   Ekik". 

ajmys  </eo(/raphica  Les.  Ilolbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  1,  p.  99,  pi.  14. 

Lakes  and  rivers. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain. 


4  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

CHELOMA.  THECOPHOKA. 

TESTUDINIDAE. 

10.  CiSTuno  CAROLINA  (Linni'.)  Gray. 

Box  turtle. 

Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  lierpt.  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  1,  p.  31,  pi.  2. 
Testudo  Carolina  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  198. 
"  Carolina." 

Terrestrial, 

Me. 

X.  H. 

Mass.  to  Conn. 

CHELONIIDAE. 

11.  Chelonia  mydas  (Linne.)  Schweigger. 

Green  turtle  ;  Edible  turtle. 

Holbr.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  2,  p.  25,  pi.  3. 
Testudo  mydas  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  197. 

"  INSULAS    PeLAGI  :     INSULAM    AdSCENSIONIS  &C." 

Marine ;  chiefly  in  deep  water. 
Mass.  to  Conn. 

12.  TiiALASSOCHELYs  CARETTA  (Linne.)  True. 

Loggerhead  turtle. 

Testudo  curetta  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  197. 

"  INSULAS  AmeRICANAS." 

Chelonia  caretta  Linne.     ITolbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  2,  )..  38,  pi.  4. 

Marine. 
Mass. 

TRIONYCHIDAE. 

18.     Trion  Yx  spiNiFER  Lesueur. 

Spiny  soft-shelled  turtle. 


KKl'I  IMA.  ;) 

CHKLONIA.  THECdI'llnHA. 

'ri{I<iNV(   IIIDAK. 

Les..  Mi'iii.  mils.  hist.  iiat.  I'aiis,  1S27,  vol.  I.'),  ]».  li'>>^,  pi.  (i. 
*'NKWii.\ii»i<t.\Y  suj{  i.K    Wabash." 

Trionyx  ffirttx  Sdin.  Ilolbr.,  N,  Amer.  herpt.  e<i.  '1,  1S4'J, 
vol.  2,  p.  II.  pi.  I. 

Shallow  water  of  lakes  and  streams. 
Vt. —  Lakk  Champlain. 

SAUKIA.  LACKin  1M.\. 

IGUANIDAK. 

14  (1).     ScEi.oi'oiius  UNOULATirs  (Latreille.)  ^^'ieg. 

Pine  lizard. 

Cope,   Kept.  U.  S.  iiat.  miis.,  1S98,  1900,  j..  ;;(J8,  fig.  fjT. 

Stellio  utuliihitus  Latr.,  Hist.  nat.  rejitiles,  1802,  vol.  2,  p.  40. 
"Caroline." 

Tropklohph  luuhddtiis  Uoso.  Holhr..  \.  Amer.  herpt.,  e(l.*2, 
1842,  vol.  2,  p.  7;;.  pi.  9. 

Fences  and  trees. 
Conn. 

TKIDAK. 

15  (2).     Cnkmidoi'iiorus  sk.xm.nkatus  (Jjuik'-.)  (iray. 

Striped  lizard. 

Cope,  Kept.  r.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  508,  fiir.  110. 

Ldi-ertd  (i-litn-nUi  Ijiuk',  Syst.  nat..  eil.  I'J,  17<>0,  \()1.  i,  p. 
364.     "Cakolixa." 

Amefrtf  ftfKr-h'/iC(ifii  Liniir.  Holhr.,  .\ .  .\nii'r.  herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  2,  p.  100,  pi.  15. 

Among  hushes  in  hiirh,  drv  situations. 

CON.N. 


6  FAUNA   OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

SAURIA.  LACERTILIA. 

SCINCIDAE. 

16  (3).     EuMECES  QuixQiTELiNEATUs  (Linne.)  Peters. 

Blue-tailed  lizard. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  632,  fig.  125. 

Lacerta  5-lineata  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  176(5,  vol.  1,  p.  366. 
"Carolina." 

Scincus  quinqnelineatus  Linne.  Holbr.,  N.  Araer.  herpt.,  ed. 
2,  1842,  vol.  2,  p.  121,  pL  17. 

In  earth,  logs,  and  stumps,  and  under  bark. 

Mass. —  New  Bedford,  Barre. 

Conn. —  New  Haven,  Salisbury,  Trumbull. 

OPHIDIA. 
COLUBRIDAE. 

17  (1).     Carphopiiioi's  amoenus  (Say.)  Dum.  &  Bibr. 

Ground  snake ;  Little  red  snake ;  Worm  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  735,  fig.  151. 

Coluber  a))} oetius  Say,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1825,  vol.  4, 
p.  237.     "Pennsylvania." 

Br<(chyorrhos  amaenus  Say.  llolbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  3,  p.  115,  pi.  27. 

Subterrestrial,  in  damp  localities  under  leaves,  logs,  and  stones. 

Me. 

N.  LL 

Mass. 

Conn. 

18  (2).     DiAnopiiis  PUNCTATus  (Linne.)  Baird  &  Gir. 

Ring-necked  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  751,  fig.  162. 

Coluber  jyunctatus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p. 
376.  "  Carolina."  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol  3, 
p.  81,  pi.  18. 


KKITILIA.  / 

SAIIUA.  OPHiniA. 

COM  HKIDAK. 

rn<ler  bark  of  trees,  logs,  uud  stones. 
Mk.  to  CONX. 

19  (3).     IIkterodox  platiriiinos  Latreille. 

Hog-nosed  snake;  Flat-head;  Blowing  adder 

Latr.,  Hist.  nat.  reptiles,  1S(I2,  vol.  4,  p.  32,  pi.  3.  "Exvikox.s 
DE  Philadelpiiie."     Ilolbr.,  N.  Aiiu-r.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol. 

4,  p.  f.T.  pi.  17.     Cope,  Kept.  l".  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S98,  1900,  p.  761, 
fig.  Kio,  166. 

In  dry  and  dusty  fields;  sandy  districts  near  the  coast. 

N.  H. 

Mass.  to  Coxx. 

20  (4).      Lioi'Ki.Tis  vKiiNAi.is  (Harlan.)  Cope. 

Green  snake  ;  Grass  snake. 

Cope,  liept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  782,  fig.  169. 
Coluber  ver/Kfh's  Harlan,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1827,  vol. 

5,  p.  361.     "Penxsvi.vaxia  axd   Nkw  Jeuskv."     Holhr.,    X. 
Amer.  herpt..  ed.  2,  1842.  vol.  3,  p.  79,  pi.  17. 

In  fields  and  meadows. 
Me.  to  Coxx. 

21  (o).     Cvrr.opiiis  aksiivi's  (Linne.)  (iilnther. 

Keeled  green  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nal.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  784,  Hg.  170. 

Coluber  <i€Sfii'u.-<  Liniu'.  Syst.  nat.  ed.  12,  I76t),  vol.  1,  p.  387. 
"Cakoi.ixa." 

Ltpto})Uis  <iestiru,-<  Liiini'.  llolltr.,  N.  -Viner.  herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  4.  p.  17,  pi.  3. 

Arboreal. 

Co.NX. —  Plvmouth  CO. 


8  FAUNA  OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

SAURIA.  OPIIIDIA. 

COLFBRIDAE. 

22  (6).     Zamenis  constrictor  (Linne.)  Boul. 

Black  snake  ;  Black  chaser. 

Cope,  Kept.  IT.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  190U,  p.  791,  fig.  171. 

Coluber  constrictor  Linne,  Syst.  nat.  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p. 
216.  "Canada."  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  3, 
p.  55,  pi.  11. 

Me.  to  Conn. 

23  (7).     Coluber  vulpinus  (Baird  &  Girard.)  Cope. 

Fox  snake ;  Pilot  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  831,  fig.  188. 
/Scotophis  vulpinus  Baird  &  Gir.,  Cat.  N.  Amer.  rept.,  1853, 
pt.  1,  p.  75.     "Racine,  Wis." 

Mass. —  Wenhain. 

24  (8).     Coluber  obsoletus  Say. 

Pilot  black  snake. 

Say,  Long's  exped.,  1823,  vol.  1,  p.  140.  "  the  Missouri  from 
the  vicinity  of  Isle  au  Vache  to  Council  Bluff."  Cope, 
Rept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  844,  fig.  194. 

Coluber  alleghamensis  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  1836,  vol.  1,  p. 
Ill,  pi.  20  ;   ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  3,  p.  85,  pi.  19. 

Hollow  logs  and  holes  of  trees. 

N.H. 

Mass. —  Longmeadow,  INIt.  Tom. 

Conn. —  New  Haven. 

25  (9).     Osceola  doliata  Triangula  (Boie.)  Cope. 

Milk  snake ;   House  snake  .   Chicken  snake  ;  Che- 
quered adder. 


liEl'TIMA.  9 

SAIRIA.  Ol'UlDIA. 

CCJUBHIDAK. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nut.  mus..  l!^98,  1900,  p.  ssf),  H<r.  -J  10. 
Coluber  trifUiyidum  Boie,  Isis,  1827,  vol.  20,  p.  n37.     "  Amk- 

KIKA." 

Coluber  eximiiis  Dekay.  Ilolbr.,  N.  Anier.  Iieipt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  H,  p.  69,  pi.  15. 

In  and  about  outhouses,  in  dairies  and  cellars. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

20(10).     OpHiisoi.rs  GETULUS  tiETULLs    ( MniK'. )  Copc. 
Chain  Snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  1898,  1900,  p.  914,  fig.  227. 

Coluber  getnlus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1760,  vol.  1,  p.  ;i82. 
"  Carolina." 

Coronella  (jetula  Linnr.  Ilolbr.,  X.  Anier.  lierpt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  8,  p.  95,  j.l.  21. 

Moist  places. 
Conn. —  Milford. 

27  (11).     Xaikix   fas(  lATA   siPEDoN  (I.iiiiu'.)  Cope. 
Water  adder  :  Water  snake. 

Cope.  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  909,  fig.  251. 

Coluber  sipedon  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  219. 
"America  septentrionali," 

Tropxdonotus  sipedon  Linm'.     II(>ll)r.,  N.  Anier.  lierpt..  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  4,  p.  29,  pi.  6. 

Upon  liranches  of  trees,  in  streams  and  ponds  and  along  their 
banks. 

Me.  to  Conn. 

Note. —  The  specimen  from  Westfield  Falls.  Conn.,  identified 
as  Xatri.r  t'uscuUa  erijthriK/dster  (Shaw)   bv  Cope.   Kept.  V.  S. 


10  FAUNA   OF    NEW   ENGLAND. 

SAURIA.  OPHIDIA. 

COLUBKIDAE. 

nat.  mils.,  1898,    1900,    p.    977,    is  iVi /.  sipedon    according   to 
Stejneger,  Amer.  nat.,  1901,  vol.  35,  p.  428. 

28  (12).     Xatuix  lkheris  (Linne.)    Cope. 

Yello"w-bellied   snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  993,  fig.  265. 

Coluber  hberis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  216. 
"  Canada." 

Tropldonotus  leheris  Linne.   Holbr.,  N.   Amer.   herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  4,  p.   49,  pi.  13. 

Aquatic. 

Conn. —  Orange,  Canaan. 

29  (13).     Storeria  dekayi  (Holbrook.)  Baird  &  Girard. 

Dekay's  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  1000,  fig.  268. 
Tropidonotus  dekayi  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol. 
4,  p.  53,  pi.  14.      "Massachusetts,  *  *  *  New  York. 

Under  flat  stones  and  in  earth  under  leaves. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

30  (14).     Storeria  occipitomaculata  (Storer.)  Baird  &  Girard. 

Spotted-necked  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  1003,  fig.  269. 
Coluher  occipUo-inacidatas  Storer,  Kept,  reptiles  Mass.,  1839, 
p.  230.     "Amherst." 

Under  logs  and  stones. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

31  (15).     Haldea  striatula  (Linn6.)  Baird  tfe  Girard. 

Bro'wn  snake. 


ijKi'iiLiA.  n 

SAl  lUA,  nl'HIDIA. 

("oHHinDAK. 

Cu|K-.  Kept.  r.  S.  iiat.  inus.,  189S,  lHOti,  \>.  1009,  tip.  -JT-J. 
Co/i/her  stritttnhts  Linru'*,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12.  1  TOG,  vol.  1,  j>.  'JTo 

[=87.")].       "C'.VROLINA." 

Caldiiiariii  s(n'</(>t(a  Linn<!''.  Ilulhr..  X.  Ainer.  lierpt.,  ed.  '2, 
1842,  vol.  8,  p.  12:},  pi.  29. 

Mass. 

32  (10).     ErxAEMA  SAURITA  (Liiiiu'.)  Baird  it  (iiiard. 

Sw^ift  garter  snake  ;  Ribbon  snake. 

Cope,  Iiei)t.  r.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  I'JOd.  p.  1020,  fitr.  27ti. 
Cohfher  sititrita  Liniu',  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1700,  vol.  1.  |i.  385. 

"CAItoI.lNA." 

Z,ep((>j>/iis  saun'tuii  Linne.  Ilolbr.,  \.  Anier.  herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1840.  vol.  4.  p.  21,  pi.  4. 

Meadows  in  the  vicinity  of  streams. 
Mi:,  to  CoxN. 

33  (17).     EuTAENiA  siKTAi.is  siRTAf.is  (Miim'.)  Cope. 

Striped  snake  ;  Garter  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  8.  nat.  mus..  1898,  1900,  p.  1009,  fig.  300. 

Coluber  sirtnUs  Linni-,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10.  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  222. 
''Canada." 

Trojnihuintns  xirtaiis  Linne.  Ilolbr.  N.  Anier.  herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1S42,  vol.  4.  J).  41.  pi.  11. 

-Moist  places  near  water. 
Ml.  to  Conn. 

34  (]X).     EuTAKViA   siKTAiJs  I' \ I.I.I iif  i.A  ((i.  M.  Allen.)   Kckel. 

Northern  garter  snake. 

T/unnnoji/iis  s.  jxillidiila  Allen,  I'roi-.  liost.  soc.  nat.  hist.. 
1899,  vol.  29.  p.  04.     "Intkkvalk,  Nkw  IIampshikk." 


12  FAUNA   OF   NEW    KN(;LAND. 

SAriUA.  OPHIDIA. 

COLUBRIDAE. 
Me. —  Caribou. 
N.  II. —  Intervale. 

35   (19).        EUTAEXIA   SIUTALIS   GRAMINEA   C'ope. 

Cope,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1888,  vol.  11,  p.  399.  "South- 
EASTERX  IxniANA."  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mns.,  1H9S,  1900,  p.  10H6, 
fig.  li9S. 

Me. — Androscoggin. 
Mass. — -  Tuekernuck. 

3()  (20).     EuTAENiA  siRTALTS  ORDiNATA  (Linne.)  Cope. 
Grass  snake. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  1067,  fig.  299. 

Coluber  ordinatus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  erl.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p. 
379.     "Carolina." 

Tropidonotus  ordinatus  Linne.  Holbr.,  N.  Araer.  herpt.,  ed. 
2,  1842,  vol.  4,  p.  45,  pi.  12. 

Me. 
N.  H. 
Mass. 

CROTALIDAE. 

37  (21).     Ancistrodox  contortrix  (Linne.)  Baird. 
Copperhead;  Viper;  Deaf  adder. 

Cope,  Kept.  U.  8.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  1900,  p.  1135,  fig.  326. 

Boa  roiitortrix  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  373. 
"Carolina." 

Trigouore])hah(s  contortrix  Linne.  Holbr.,  N.  Amei-.  herpt., 
ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  3,  p.  39.  pi.  8. 

Meadows  in  the  neighborhood  of  streams  and  ponds. 

Vt. 

Mass. —  Mt.  Tom,  Milton,  Lynn. 

Conn. —  Near  New  Haven. 


KKrill.lA  13 

SAURIA.  Ol'HIDIA. 

('H<»  TALI  DAK. 

38  (li'2).     ("liOTAi.is  ii(n:i;ii>rs  Linno. 
Banded  rattlesnake. 

Kiiini',  Syst.  n:U.  vd.  It),  ITatS,  vol.  1.  |).  214.  "  A.mkkka." 
<'o|)e,  Kept.  r.  S.  iiat.  nms..  189.S,  19(IU,  \k  US.'),  fig.  842. 

CrotaliiK  thirissiiK  Liiiiir.  llolbr.,  N.  Aiiier.  herpt.,  ed.  "i, 
1842,  vol.  ;{,  p.  9.  pi.  1. 

liucky.  wooded  regions. 
Me.  to  Conn. 


(LVcasioiKil  Piipcrs 

Oh    niH 

I'loston    $-orictn   of  llatmal    Jtiistoin. 

VII. 


FAUNA   OF  NEW   ENGLAND. 


2. 


LIST   OF   THE   BATRACIIIA. 


By    SAMUEL    IIENSIIAW. 


JiOSTON  : 

PRINTED    KOK    THK    S(.(  li.iv    IKo.M    niK 

(jrunnN    SALTONSTALL    FUND 

Ai-itii.,   I'.KJi. 


i?Aii{ArniA. 


Xeptiinis  maciilat IIS      .... 
Ainblystdina  upafiiiii    .... 
punctatiun    . 
tigrinuiu 
jetfer.-ioMiaiiniii 
Ileiiiidactyliuiii  sculatuiii 
Plethodon  ciuereus  cinereiLs 

erythronotus 
[rlutinn.sus    .... 
Gyrinopliiliis  |tur|ihyiiticMis   . 
Spelerpes  tiiliiieatiis      .... 
longicaudus 

ruber  

Destiiognatlius  fiisca    .... 
Dieiuyctylus  viiidesceiis  . 

niiniatus  .... 


Bufo  lentiijinosus  fowleri 

americanuw 
.Scapliiopus  Ii(>ll)ruukii 
Ai-ri.s  gryllii.s  crepitaii.s 
Ilvla  pic'keriiiLrii       .... 

versicolor 

Rana  pipiens 

j)alustris 

clainata 

catesheiana     .... 

svlvatica 


Me.    N.  H.     Vt.     Mass.    R.  I.  Conn 


+        — 


+ 


+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 
+ 


+        — 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 

4- 
+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 


i?A'i'i:.\('iii.\. 

NKOBATKAC  IllA.  URODKLA. 

PKOTKIDAE. 

1.  Necturus  MACiLATis  Kafiiiesqiie. 

Mud  puppy  ;  Water  dog  :  Gilled  salamander. 

Kaf.,  Joiirn.  I'liys..  l^<19,  vol.  HS,  p.  41^.  "  Ktats  I'xis."  Cope, 
liull.34,  U.S.  nat.  111118.,  1889,  p.  23,  fig.  3,  no.  1-7,1)1.  1-2:  3,  fig. 
1-2;  4:  i::.  tig.  1  ;  4;'),  fig.  2;  M),  fig.  1  ;  4S,  fig.  1;  :)-2,  fig.  1  ; 
:.G,  fig.  1. 

Jfefmltrd/ir/iit.i  tii(ic}ihttiis  Barnes.  1  loll)i<M»k,  N.  Aiuer.  iieipt., 
ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  ;'),  ]..  Ill,  ].l.  3t;  [=37]. 

Vt. —  Lake  Chainplaiii.  Kails  of  Onion  liver  near    lliirlingfnn. 

AMHLYSTOMIDAE. 

2.  .\.MHi,v.SToMA   oi'ACLM  ( <  i  raveiilioist. )  IJairil. 

Marbled  salamander  :  Banded  salamander 

Cope,  liull.  ;;4,  r.  S.  nat.  inus.,  1889,  p.  :^\.  fig.  8,  pi.  19,  fig. 
1-3;  20  :  21,  hg.  3-4;  4."),  fig  4. 

Sdlomandra  opaca  (irav.,  ^'el•g.  zool.  syst.,  1807,  p.  431. 
"Nkwvokk." 

SiihniKimlrd  fascidtd  Green.  IIoll)r.,  \.  Amer.  lierjit.,  e<l.  2, 
1S42.  vol.  .'..  p.  71.  pi.  23. 

Terrestrial  ;   iinijcr  stones  ami  in  iioies  in  stumps. 
Mass.—  SpringtieM,  Fall  IJiver,  New  Bedford. 

i;.  1. 

Conn. —  New  Haven. 

<><•(•      I-AI-KIIH    II.    ■■,    N.    n.       l'.HI4.       Vl>|..    7. 


2  FAUNA    OF    XKW    ENGLAND. 

NK()HATKA(MIIA.  UU(  )I)1;LA. 

AMBLYSTOMIDAE. 

o.     Amulystoma  ri'NcTATi'M  (Liiiiu^.)  Haird. 
Large-spotted  salamander. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  U.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  1889,  p.  5G,  fig.  9,  pi.  14-18; 
•21,  fig.  1-2  ;  25,  fig.  4-5  ;  32,  fig.  4;  41,  fig.  2  ;  48,  fig.  10. 

Z,acerta  jyunctata  Linno,  Syst.  iiat.,  ed.  12,  1706,  vol.  1,  p.  370. 
"  Carolina." 

Salamandra  renenosa  Barton.  Ilolbr.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  5,  p.  67,  pi.  22. 

Under  stones  and  logs. 
Me.  to  Coxx. 

4.  Amblystoma  TiGRiNUM  (Green.)    Baird. 

Tiger  salamander. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  U.  S.  nat.  miis..  1889.  p.  ijS,  fig.  12,  pi.  25,  fig. 
7  ;  48,  fig.  9. 

Salamandra  tigriiia  Green,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1825, 
vol.  5,  p.  116.     "near  Moore's  town  ix  New  Jersey." 

Triton  tigrinus  Green.  Holbi-.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  79,  pi.  26. 

Partially  aquatic  ;  under  logs  and  in  moist  earth  near  water. 
Me. —  Auburn. 
Mass. —  Salem. 

5.  Amblystoma  ,rEFFERSt>NiAXUAr  (Green.)  Baird. 

Jefferson  s  salamander. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p.  89,  fig.  15,  pi.  25,  fig. 
9. 

Salamandra  je^ersoniana  Green,  Contrib.  Maclni-ean  lye, 
1827,  vol.  1,  p.  4,  pi.  —fig.  1,  "Caxxoxshurg,  Pa."  Ilolbr.,  X. 
Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  5,  p.  51,  ]>l.  14. 

Under  logs  in  damp  situations. 
Me.  to  Coxx'. 


ir\  I  ir\t  IIIA.  3 

NKOUATUAC   IIIA  I  KoDKLA. 

PLKTHODONTIDAK. 

ft.      II  i:\iii)  v<  I'v  III  \i  S(  iiAii  M  (Sciilesiol.)  Tschudi. 

Scaly  salamander  :  Four-toed  salamander. 

Cope.  Hull.  84  V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  lss<),  |,.  130,  fig.  29,  pi.  35,  fig. 
.'»;  4<;,  fig.  S;  4S,  fig.  11. 

Saldfu.  M'litata  Solil.,  Fauna  Japonica,  1838,  p.  119,  "Nasii- 
\  iM.K  w  Tkxxesskk." 

Under  stones,  logs,  and  boards. 
Mass. —  Beverly,  Gloucester. 
K.  I. 
C\»xN.  —  Xew  Haven. 

7.  Pi.i;rii(»i)(»x  <  ixERKUs  cixkkeus  (Green.)  Cope, 

Ashy  salamander. 

Cope,  l>ull.  o4  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1SS9,  p.  134. 
Saiamaiulra  ciiierea  Green,  Journ,  acad,  nat.  sci.  l*hil.,  1818, 
vol.  1,  p.  3.')().     "  Xew,iersey." 

Terrestrial ;  under  stones,    logs,    and    leaves    iu  damp   places. 
.Mi;,  to  Conn. 

8.  Plethodon  <'iNi:itEus  ervthroxotus  (Green.)  Cope. 

Red  backed  salamander. 

Cope,  Hull.  34  V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p.  135,  fig,  30,  pi.  19,  fig. 
4-f.. 

Salamandm  erythronota  Green,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil., 
1818,  vol.  1.  p.  :{5»;.  "Xewvokk,  ♦  *  *  Neumersev."  Ilolbr.. 
Amcr.  hrrpt.,  ed.  '1.  1S4'J.  vol.  5,  p.  43.  j.l.  11. 

Terrestrial  ;   in  damp  situations  under  logs,  stones,  etc. 
Me,  to  Coxx, 

9.  Pr.ETMoDoN  <.r,uTixosiTs  ((4reen.)  Tscliu<li. 

Blue-spotted  salamander     Slimy  salamander. 


4  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

NEOBATHACHIA.  URODELA. 

PLETHODONTIDAE. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  r.  S.  nat.  raus.,  1889,  )..  189.  fiir.  31,  pi.  26 ;  31, 
fig.  6  ;  35,  fig.  -2  ;  40,  fig.  4 ;  45,  fig.  5 ;  48,  fig.  14. 

Salamandra  glutinosa  Green,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1S18, 

vol.'  1,  p.  357. Holbr.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  5, 

p.  39,  pi.  10. 

Ten-estrial  ;   under  logs  and  stones. 

Me. 

Vt. 

Mass. —  Ipswich,  Springfield. 

Coxx. —  Xorthford. 

10.  Gyrixophilus  PORPHyRiTicus  (Green.)  Cope. 

Purple  salamander. 

Cope.  Bull.  34  V .  S.  nat.  raus.,  1889,  p.  155,  fig.  37,  pi.  30, 
fig.  6;  33;  34,  fig.  1-4;  35.  fig.  6;  40,  fig.  3  ;  42,  fig.  1 ;  48,  fig.  13. 

Salamandra  porphyritica  Green,  Contrib.  Maclurean  lye, 
1827,  vol.  1,  p.  3,  pi. —  fig.  2.  "Xear  Meadville,  Craavford, 
Pa." 

Triton  porplcyriticus  Green.  Holhr.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  5,  p.  88,  pi.  28. 

In  moss  and  damp  earth. 

Me. —  Xorway. 

X.  H. —  Briiigewater. 

Vt. 

Mass. —  Springfield,  Danvers. 

Coxx. —  Stonington. 

11.  Spelerpes  bilixeatcs  (Green.)  Bainl. 

T^vo-striped  salamander ;  Striped-backed  salaman- 
der. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  U.  S.  uat.  raus.,  1889,  p.  163,  fig.  40.  pi.  28,  fig. 
4-6. 


HATKACHIA.  0 

NKOHATUACHIA  IRODELA. 

I'LKriKiOoNTIDAK 

Siilit//t<i/i<lra  bislin^'tita  Green,  Jourii.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Pliil.,  1818, 
vol.  1,  p.  3:VJ 

^altnuaitdra  bilineatn  Green.  Ilolbr.  X.  Anier.  lierpt.,  ed.  2, 
1842,  vol.  5,  p.  55,  pi.  16. 

Under  leaves,  stones,  and  sticks  near  streams;  under  stones  in 
brooks. 

Mk. —  Paris  Hill,  Auburn. 

X.  II. —  Meredith  IJridge,  Squani  Lake,  Intervale. 

\  T. 

Mass. —  Spriiigtield.  Salein. 

Coxx. —  ( )range. 

12.  SpELERPEs  LOXGRAUDUs  (Green.)  Baird. 

Cave  salamander:  Long-tailed  salamander. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  L'.  S.  nat.  niu>..  l>^y.  p.  lOS,  tig.  41,  pi.  2S,  fig. 
1-3;  35,  tig.  11,42,  tig.  2. 

Siibnu'iiidni  lonyiranda  (Treen,  Jiuirn.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil., 
1818,  vol.  1,  p.  351.  "Xewjersev."  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  hei-pt., 
ed.  2,  1S42,  vol.  5.  p.  01,  pi.  19. 

Kooky  situations. 

Mass. 

Coxx.—  Salisburv. 

m 

13.  SpEi.KKPEs  KiBEU  (Daudix.)  (irav. 

Red  salamander  ;  Bro"wn-spotted  salamander. 

Co|>e.  Hull.  34  V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  lss9,  p.  172,  tig.  43,  pi.  29; 
30,  tig.  1-5;  31.  fig.  1-5;  32,  fig.  1-3;  35,  fig.  7-10;  40,  fig. 
1-2:  41,  fig.  1  ;  45,  fig.  0;  4S,  fig.  10. 

Sahiimimlrn  ruhni  Daud.,  Hist.  nat.  reptiles.  1X03.  vol.  S,  p. 
227.  pi.  97,  fig.  2.  "  Etats-Uxis."  Holbr.,  X.  .Vrner.  herpt.,  ed. 
2,  1S42,  vol.  5,  p.  35,  pi.  9. 


6  FAUNA   OF  NEW   ENGLAND. 

NK(  )BATH  ACIIIA.  URODELA . 

FLETHODONTIDAE. 

Under  stones  in  running  water. 

Mk. 

N.  IT.  —  White  Mountains. 

Mass. —  Groton. 

Conn, —  Canaan. 

DESMOGNATHIDAE. 

14.  Desmo(;nathus  fusca  (Kafinesque.)  Baird. 

Brown   Triton ;   Dusky  salamander ;  Black  ebbet. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p.  194,  tig.  48,  pi.  34, 
fig.  5-G  ;  36,  fig.  1  ;  45,  fig.  7. 

Triturus fiiscus  Raf.,  Annals  of  nature,  1820,  p.  4.  "State 
OF  New  York." 

Salamandra  quadrimaculata  Ilolbr.,  X.  Amer.  herpt.,  1840, 
vol.  4,  p.  1-Jl,  pi.  26  ;  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  f),  p.  49,  pi.  1%} 

Aquatic;    under  stones,   logs,  and  leaves  near  and  in   rapid, 
shallow  streams. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

PLKUKODELIDAE. 

15.  DiEMYCTYLus  viRiDESCENS  (Rafinesque.)  Hallowell. 

Many-spotted  salamander ;   Green  ebbet. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p.  207,  fig.  52,  pi.  36,  fig. 
3-4;  39;  40,  fig.  5-9;  41,  fig.  3-4;  42,  fig.  3;  45,  fig.  9;  49, 
fig.  4. 

Triturus  viridescens  Raf.,  Annals  of  nature,  1820,  p.  5.  "In 
Lake  George,  Lake  Champlain." 

'  In  the  issue  of  1840,  the  specific  name  is  maculo-quadrata  in  the  text, 
and  quadramaculafa  on  the  plate. 


BAIKAC'HIA.  t 

NKOMATKACHIA.  URfJDKKA. 

rij:rK<»i)KLii)AK. 

ikUitnuimlra  sytninetrica  Harlan.  Htill)r..  N.  Aiiier.  herpt., 
•J,  1842,  vol.  :>,  p.  57,  pi.  17. 

Aipiaiic  ;  ponds  an<I  pouls. 
.Mk.  to  C'oxx. 

Ifi.      I)iKMY<  TYi.Ls  MiMAiLs  ( IJatiiiesque. )  Ilallowell. 

Symmetrical  salamander;    Red  ebbet 

Cope,  Hull.  ;;4  r.  S.  nat.  iiitis.,  iHsy,  p.  -^((7,  tig.  58. 
Triturus  i/iini(itu.'<  Hat'.,  Annals  of  nature,  1^20,  p.  •'».     •■  Xkw 
VouK,  Xkw  Jkkskv,  C^in.n'Kitkit.  Vermont,  Jtr.*' 

Aquatic  :  ponds  and  pools. 
Mk.  to  C  o.NN. 

ANl  RA. 
BL'FUNIDAE. 

17   (1).      IIi'Ko  LE.\Ti«;ixosLs  Fowi.KKi  Cope. 
Fo"wler  s  toad  ;    Danver  s  toad. 
Cope,  IJull.  ;J4   U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  j..  279,  tig.  Gs  "Mas.^- 

ACHrsKTTS  XKAK  THE   TOW  X   «>F   DaXVER.S." 

.Ma>>.-     I)anvei*s. 

is  (•_»).     IUkm  i.KXTn;iN<>>i  s  amki:i<  am  s  (Ilolbrook.)  Cope. 
American  toad 

Ct>pi',  iJull.  84  r.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  l>,s«J,  p.  2s4,  ti*:.  Til.  pi.  4S».  tig. 
7  :  57,  tig.  1  ;   5H,  59;  G9.  tig.  9. 

Jiufn  aiiifricaiius  Leconte.  Ilollir.,  N.  Anier.  lierpt.,  IS3<>,  vol. 
1.  |i.  7'',  pi.  9  ".Maixk  thkoi"<;m  ai.i.  the  Atlantic  States 
*  •  •  SoiTH  Cakolixa."  ;  e<l.  2.  1^42,   vol.  5,  p.  17,  jd.  4. 

(iardens. 
Me.  to  CoxN. 


8  FAUNA   OF    NEW    ENGLAND. 

NEOBATRACIIIA.  ANIKA. 

SCAPHIOPIDAE. 

19  (3).     ScAPHiopus  HOLBROOKTi  (ITailan.)  Baird. 

Spade  footed  toad. 

Cope,  Bull.  34,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1^89,  p.  298,  fig.  74,  pi.  57, 
fig.  2;    08,  fig.  3;  73,  fig.  32. 

Rana  holbrookii  Harlan,  Med.  phys.  researches,  1835,  p.  105. 
"South  Carolina." 

tScaphiopus  solitarius  Dum.  &  Bibr.  ITolbr..  N.  Amer.  herpt., 
ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  4.   )>.  109,  pi.  27. 

Siibterrestrial. 

Mass. —  Danvei's,  Cambridge.  Springfield. 

Conn. —  New  Haven. 

HYLIDAE. 

20  (4).     AoRis  GRYLLus  CREPITANS  (Baird.)  Cope. 

Cricket  frog. 

Cope,  Bull.  34  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p.  326,  460,  fig.  82. 

Acris  crepitans  Baird,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1854,  p.  59. 
"Northern  States."  Rept..  U.  S.  Mex.  bound,  surv.  T'eptiles, 
1859,  vol.  2,  pt.  2,  p.  28,  pi.  37,  fig.  14-17. 

In  meadows  jiear  streams  and  pools. 
Conn. —  Near  New  Haven. 

21  (5).     Hvla  picKERTNiiii  (Storer.)  Leconte. 

Piping  tree  frog. 

Cope,  Bull.  34,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889.  p.  352,  fig.  88,  pi.  78.  fig. 
1-19. 

Uylodes  picl-erim/ii  Storer,  Keptiles  of  ^Massachusetts,  1839,  p. 
240.  "Danvers."  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2.  1842,  vol. 
4,  p.  135,  pi.  34. 

Aquatic  for  several  weeks  in  the  spring;  low  bushes. 
Me.  to  CoNX. 


HATRACHIA.  9 

MKilSA  IKA(   IlIA.  ANIIJA. 

ilVMDAK 

22(G).     IIyi.a  vkrsicoloi:  Leconte. 

Common  tree  frog. 

Lecoiiti'  Aim.  lye.  n:it.  lii.st.  N.  \  .,  iS^f),  vol.  1,  |).  2^1. 
"NuKTUKK.N  St.vtk.s."  Ilolbr.,  N.  Aiiier.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  p. 
115,  pi.  28.  Cope,  Hull.  :U,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  18S9,  p  378,  fig.  9r), 
pi.  64. 

Trees,  vines,  and  fences. 
Me.  to  CoN>. 

HAN  I  DAK. 

28  (7).      It.v.NA  rii'iK.NS  (inielin. 
Leopard  frog. 

(iinel.,  Syst.  nat..  I.inne,  ed.  18,  1788,  vol.  1,  j).  1052. 
"  Amkkicak  ski>textkk»xai,is." 

Riiiiti  hiilecina  Kalin.  Ilolhr.,  \.  Ainer.  herjtt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  4,  p.  91.  pi.  22. 

Ituna  rireficens  brachi/cep/iala  Cope,  Bull.  84,  V.  S.  nat.  inus., 
1S89,  p.  408.  titr.  KM. 

Ponds  and  streams. 
Mk.  to  Mas.s. 
Conn, 

24  (X).       I*  ANA  p  A  IIS  ri;is  Leconte. 

Pickerel  frog  ;  Marsh  frog 
Leconte,  Ann.  lye.  nat  hist.  \.  \ .,  IS'J;'),  vol.  1,  p.  282. 


Iloll.r..   \.   Anier.   Iieipt.,  ed.    2,    1S42,    vol.   4,  p.   1).'.,   pi.   28. 
Cope,    Hull.   84.    r.   S.   nat.    mus.,   1SS9,   j).   40C>,   titr.  1U2,  pi.  .■>7. 


fig.  8. 


Cold  streams  and  pnnds,  gras.'^y  meadows. 

Mk.  to  Cu.NN. 


10  FAUNA   OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

NEOBATRACHIA.  ANURA. 

RANIDAE. 

25  (9).     Rana  clamata  Daiidin. 

Green  frog. 
Daud.,  Hist.  nat.  reptiles,  1803,  vol.  8,  p.  104.     "Caroline, 

AUX     ENVIRONS     DE    ChARLESTOWN  "    [=  CHARLESTON].         CopC, 

Bull.  84,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p.  419,  fig.  107,  pi.  51,  fig.  2-3; 
75,  fig.  19,  33. 

Rana  clamitans  Bosc.  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842, 
vol.  4,  p.  85.  pi.  20. 

Ponds  and  streams. 
Me.  to  Mass. 
Conn. 

26  (10).     Rana  catesbeiana  Shaw. 

Bull  frog. 

Shaw,  General  zoology,  Amphibia,  1802,  vol.  3,  p.  10(3,  pi.  33. 
''North  America."  Cope,  Bull.  34,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p. 
424,  fig.  108,  pi.  50,  fig.  3 ;  51,  fig.  4-8 ;  55,  fig.  7  ;  66 ;  67. 

JRana  pipiens  Latr.  Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol. 
4,  p.  77,  pi.  18. 

Lakes,  ponds,  and  rivers. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

27  (11).     Rana  sylvatica  Leconte. 

Wood  frog. 

Leconte,  Ann.  lye.  nat.  hist.  N.  Y.,  1825,  vol.  1,  p.  282. 

Holbr.,  N.  Amer.  herpt.,  ed.  2,  1842,  vol.  4,  p.  99,  pi.  24 ;  Cope, 
Bull.  34  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1889,  p.  447,  tig.  115. 

Terrestrial. 
Me.  to  Conn. 


(Occasional  |0apcr5 


OF    THE 


^loston    .^ocictn  of  Jlatural    iiiistorn. 

VII. 


FAUNA  OF  NEW   ENGLAND. 


3. 


LIST   OF   THE   MAMMALIA. 


Ry   GLOVEli    M.    ALLEN. 


HOST(  )N  : 

I'RIXTKI)    K<)|{    TIIK    SOCIKTY    FROM    THE 

GUUDON    SALTONSTALL    FUND. 

Jlnk,  1004. 


MAMMALIA. 


Di<lel|iliis  viririiiiana 

Hal:u-iia   i.'laciali8 

.Mt'iiaptt'ia  notUtsa  . 

Jialat'iiojjtera  aoiito-rostrata 
pliysalus 
inusi'ulus 

IMiysetor  inacToci'|ilialus  . 

Ilyperootlon  ain|iiillatiun 

Meso|il(Ml(>ii  ItidiMis 

I)el|iliina|tteriis  loiicas 

( )r(iiius  oroa 

Globicephala  melas 

fTrarnpiis  s^riseus 

IMiocafua  jilKtcaeiia 

Laj^eiioiliyiiclms  acutus    . 

Delphimis  <Ielpliis  .     .     .     . 

Tursiojis  truncatus  ... 


Otloc-oileus  viririiiiaims  i)orealis 
Paralces  aiiu'rifatiiis 
Raiitjifer  c-ariboii     .... 


Sc'iurus  rarolinensis  leucotis 
liudHdiiiius 

lo(juax    . 
ruH venter  neglectus 
Taiiiias  stiiatus  lysteri 
Arcloiiiys  riionax      .... 
Sciiiropterus  salniiius  iiiacrotis 

volans      .     .     . 
('a.strtr  canadensis    .... 

Mas  inu.sculiis 

iiorvegicus 

rattiis 

I'eiorny.sciis  canadensis 

ieucopus  iioveltDra 
Neotnma  pennHvlvaniia   . 
Evotomys  gapperi  oehraeeus 
Microtns  p«'iinsylvanieu8  . 

sliattii 
breweri 


en 


•ki 


Me.     N.  H.     Vt.      MiM.    R.  1.    Cor 


+ 
+ 
+ 


IS 


+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 


Miorotus  (.'lirotorrhinus     .... 
pinetorum  scalopsoides    . 

Fiber  /.iUotliicns 

t^ynaptuniys  oooperi 

fatiins 

sphagnicola  .... 

Zapus  hudsoiiius 

Napaeo/apus  iiisignis 

Erethizon  dorsatum 

Lepus  americanus  virginianus    . 
tlori'lamis  transitionalis  . 

Phoca  groenlandica 

vitulina 

C'vstopliora  cristata 

Felis  couguar 

Lynx  canadensis 

ruffns 

Urocyon  cinereoargenteus  borealis 

Viilpes  fulvus 

Canis  occidentalis 

Lntra  canadensis 

Mepliitis  putida 

Gulo  luscus 

Putorius  vison 

lutreocephalus    .     . 

cicognanii 

noveboracensis  .     .     .     . 

occisor 

Mustela  americana 

])ennanti 

Procyon  lotor 

Ursus  americanus 

Sorex  personatus 

fmneus 

lioyi 

albibarbis 

Blarina  brevicauda  talpoides     . 

aloga 
corapacta    . 

Scalops  aquaticus 

Parascalops  breweri 


Me. 


N.  H. 

+ 


Vt.      Mass.    K.  i.    Conn. 


-I- 


+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 


+ 


4- 


+ 


+ 


Coiulylura  rristata 

Myotis  liu'ifutrus  .... 
sultulatus  .... 
Lasionyi'teris  ii(>cti\  agaii.s 
I'ipistrelhis  .subriavus  ohsc-urus 
\'t's|n'rtili(»  fiiscMis  .... 
Lasiiinis  l)itr('ali.s  .... 
cinereu.s    .... 


Me. 

N.  H. 

Vt. 

Mu*. 

+ 

k.  I. 

Conn 

7 

4- 
+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

— 

MAMMALIA. 

MAUsri'IAMA.  PnLVI'UOTODOXTIA. 

DIDKM'IIIDAK. 

1.      1  )ii>i;i.i'iii--  viiir.tvi  \ V A   Kcir. 

Northeastern  opossum  ;   Virginia  opossum. 

JJide/p/iis  I'irijinioiKf  Ivcir.  Animal  kinfj<lt»rn,  IT'J'J,  p.  193. 
"VlIKJIXI.V,  ...." 

lJid>}j>/iis  riri/i/iitom  Kejr.  Allen,  Hull.  Atner.  mus.  nat.  hist., 
lUOl.  vol.  14,  p.  lGU-160.  j.l.  -S.l,  tig.  4  ;  i-l.  lio,  tig.  3-4. 

J>i<hlji/iis  rir</iii!(nta  Kerr.  Stcuie  it  (ram,  Anicr.  animals, 
lim-J,  p.  4-S,  4  pis. 

Open  woodlamls,  austral  /.unes. 
Mass. —  Near  Boston  (introcluced). 
R.  I. —  (Probably  introduced.) 

CETE.  MYSTACOCETI. 

IJALAKNIDAK. 

'1.      ii.vLAEXA  (ii.Ac  lAi.is   Boimatcrre. 

Black  -whale  :  Right  -whale  ;  Nord-caper. 

Jiiihnn  ahickilia  Bonn.,  Tabl.  enevcl.  et  nu'tliod.  d.  trois  ri^gnes 
de  la  nat.,  cetologie,  17S0,  p.  3.  "  Le.s  mers  m  NOkk.  ikks  des 
c6te.s  de  Nokve(;e  4  d'  Islaxpe." 

Jiahiena  fiMinllrn  Cojte.  Holder,  Bull.  Aiikm-.  mus.  nat.  lii-t.. 
1SS3,  vol.  1.  p.  99-137.  pi.  Hi-i:i. 

Marine. 

Me. 

Mass. —  Cape  Cod;    Nantucket. 

B.  I. 

Coxx. —  Stonington. 


2  FAUNA   OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

CETE.  MYSTACOCETI. 

HALAENIDAE. 

3.  Megaptera  nodosa  (Bonnaterre.)  True. 

Humpback  -whale ;  Humpback. 

Balena  nodosa  Bonn.,  Tabl.  encycl.  et  method,  d.  trois  rogues 
de  la  nat.,  cetologie,  1789,  p.  5,     "Nouvelle  Anglp:terre." 

MeyapUra  Loops  (Fabricius).  Van  Beneden  &  Gervais,  Oste- 
ogr.  cies  Cetaces,  1880,  p.  120-129,  pis.  x,  xi,  fig.  1-8. 

3Ie</upterii  nersabilis  Co\^e.  Scamraon,  Marine  mammals,  1874, 
p.  38-48,  figs.,  pi.  7,  fig.  1,  pi.  8-9. 

Marine  ;  migratory. 
Me. 

N.  H. 

Mass. 

4.  Balaenoptera  acuto-rostrata  Lacep^de. 

Little   piked   -whale ;   Piked   -whale ;   Pike-headed 
-whale. 

Bcdae)iop>tera  acuto-rostrata  Lac,  Hist.  nat.  des  Cetacees,  (an 
12)  1803-4,  vol.  1,  p.  197-207,  pi.  8.  "Aux  ekvirons  de  la 
RADE  DE  Cherbourg." 

JiaJaenoptera  rostrata  Fabricius.  Sars,  Videnskabs.  selsk.  for- 
handlinger,  Cliristiania,  1878,  p.  15,  pi.  1. 

Balaenoptera.  rostrata  Fabr.  Carte  ife  Macalister,  Phil,  trans, 
roy.  soc.  London,  1868,  p.  201-261,  pi.  4-7. 

Marine. 
Mass. 

5.  Balaenoptera  physalus  (Linn6.)  True. 

Common  finback  -whale ;  Finback. 

Balaena  p>hysalus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  75. 
"in  Oceano  Europaeo." 

Balaenoptera  muscidus  Auct.  Dwight,  Mem.  Boston  soc.  nat. 
hist.,  1872,  vol.  2,  p.  203-280,  figs.,  pi.  6-7. 


MAMMALIA.  3 

CKTE.  MYSTACOCETI. 

HAI.AKNIDAK. 

Marine,  sometimes  common  off  shore. 

Mk. 

X.   H. 

Mass.  to  Conn. 

<■».     1> Ai.AKNOPTKKA  MuscuLUS  (LiiHu'*.)  Triie. 
Blue  ■whale  ;  Sulphur-bottom. 
lixUii'un  ninscaluti  Liiine,  Syst.  nat.,  e<l.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  j).  7<>. 

"  IN    MAUI     SCOTICG." 

liiihienoptera  sihhuJdii  Gray.  Sars,  ViJenskabs.  selsk.  for- 
hamlliiiger,  Christiania,  1878,  p,  18,  jd.  3-4. 

Marine. 

Me. —  Off  shore. 

Mass. —  Off  sliore. 

UD(  )NTOCETI. 
rilYSKTKRIDAi:. 

7.        PHYSKTER    MArROCEPIIAM'S    Linno. 

Sperm  -whale ;  Cachalot. 
J'fu/netrr  inacrori jihtihiH  i^inne,  Syst.  nat.,  dl.   10,  1758,  vol.  1. 

p.   70.       "IN  OcKAXO    EUKOI'AEO." 

PIn/srtrr  iiiarroccpliiihiK  Linnr.  Sc-amnmn,  .Marine  mammals, 
1S74.  p.  74 -S4,  pi.  14-15. 

J*/n/.<eOi'  m<«:roct'jth<th(s  IJnnc'.  Flower,  Trans,  zool.  soc. 
London,  1S(;9,  vol.  6.  p.  809-;^7'J,  pi.  55-01. 

Marine  ;  formerly  eumnit^n  off  shore. 

Mi:. —  Caseo  Hay. 

Mass. —  Nantucket;  New  Bedford. 

K.  I. 

Conn. —  Stonington. 


4  FAIXA    OF    NEW    EN(;LA\I). 

CETE.  ODONTOCETI. 

THYSETERIDAE. 

8.  IIyperoodox  ampullatum  (Forster.)    Ikhomls. 

Bottle-nose    ^vhale ;      Pug-head    w^hale ;     Sperm- 
•whale    porpoise. 

Bulaena  (impidkita  Forster,  Kalm's  Travels  Xorth  Araer., 
1770,  vol.  1,  p.  18  (ex  Pennant,  "near  Maldox,"  England). 

Hyperoodon  rostratus  Miiller.  Elliot,  Field  Coliimb.  mus., 
zool.  ser.,  1901,  vol.  2,  p.  16,  pi.  4. 

Hyperoodon  rostratum  (Chemnitz).  Wesmael,  Xouv.  inem. 
acad.  roy.  Bruxelles,  1841,  vol.  13,  13  pp.,  2  pis. 

Pelagic. 

Mass. —  North  Dennis. 

R.  I. —  Tiverton  Stone  Bridge. 

Coxx. —  Stonington. 

9.  Mesoplodox  bidexs  (Sowerbv.)  Flower. 

SoTverby's  -whale  ;   Two  toothed   -whale  ;   Cowfish. 

Physeter  bidens  Sow.,  British  miscellany,  1806,  p.  1.  "Near 
Brodie-house,  Elginshire,"  England. 

Mesoplodon  bidens  (Sow.).  Flower,  Trans,  zool.  soc.  London, 
1879,  vol.  10,  p.  415,  f. 

Delphmorhynclius  micropterus  G.  Cuvier,  Dumortier,  Xouv. 
mem.  acad.  roy.  Bruxelles,  1839,  vol.  12,  13  jip.,  3  pis. 

Pelagic. 

Mass.  — Annisquam  ;  Nantucket. 

DELPIIIMDAE. 

10.  Delphixapterus  leucas   (Pallas.)  Gerard. 

White  -whale ;  Whitefish. 

DeJphinns  l&ncas  Pallas,  Reise  in  Russischen  Reichs,  1776, 
vol.  3,  p.  85,  pi.  4.     "Im  Obischex  meerbusex,"  "West  Siberia. 


MAMMALIA.  O 

CKTK.  ODONTOCETI. 

nKLl'IIIMDAK. 

J)eljt/iiitajt(i run  leiicas   (I'allas).      True,   Hull.   o<i.   l'.   S.   nat. 
mus.,  lss«»,  p.  lit;   1  lit,  lv7_ifss,  j.l.  ir,.  liir.  i   i>. 

Marine. 

Mk. —  Hlack-poiiit  IlarKor. 

X.  11. —  Newcastle  Ilarlior. 

-M.\.s.s. —  Massachusetts  Hay;   Proviiicetow  n  ;   ^'arlnoutll. 

I{.  I. 

NuTK. — Tile  Xarwlial  {Munodou  ntonortrnx)  is  ri'C(»rde<l  by  Harlan 
(Fauna  Anu-ricana,  18'J.'),  p.  -iii^)  a.s  havinii  bet-n  taken  "near  I}o.st<tn." 
Tlie  specimen  referreil  to  was  (luubtle.<.s  the  one  eaptured  at  Boston,  Enj;- 
land.  in  ISiKi. 

11.      <  >i;i  I  \  (•>;  ,ii;.  A  (Ijiim'.)    I'aliiier. 

Killer  whale;  Orca;  White  bellied  killer. 

/M/j)/ii/iiis    Dfcit    IJiilie,  Syst.    nat.,  eil.   Itl,    17.">>,  vol.    I.    \\.   77. 
"IN    ()<K.\N(>   EUROI'.VKO.*' 

Orrinifs  orcn  (Linne).     True,  Proc.  V.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  Ilt(l4.  vol. 
•J7,  )..  i!-J7--J:!(i.  1.1.  7-8. 

Marine. 

Mk.- —  Kastport. 

.Mass. —  Massachusetts  Hay. 

\'l.      <  H  MiM.  i:i>ii Ai.A    MKi.A-^  (Traill.)    DcKay. 

Blackfish;     Pilot    whale;    Caaing   whale;     Social 

•whale. 

J))  If  tl,  ill  IIS  tnrhis  Traill,   NiclKtlsnu's  journal,   l.*^<m.  vol.  2"J,  |>. 

Sl,  |il.  •>.     •*  Sc.vPAV  I^AV,  IN   Pomona,  o.vk  ok  tiik  Okknkvs." 

(iloUii-ijihnho^  meluH  (Traill).     True.  Hull.  Mt»,  I'.  S.  nat.  nnis., 

18H9,  p.  183-187,  188-184,  i.l.  40. 

Marine;    ^reLcarion... 

Me. 

Mass. —  .Mas.sachusetts  Hav  ;   Salem  IIarl»(»r. 

i;.  1. 

C'oNX. —  FairfieM   Headi  ;    Hri<li;ep<)rt. 


6  FAUNA   OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

CETE.  ODONTOCKTI. 

DELPIIINIDAE. 

13.  Grampus  griseus  (Cuvier.)  Gray. 

Grampus  ;  G-ray  grampus  ;  Cow^fish. 

Delphimis  griseus  Cuv.,  Ann.  mus.  d'  hist,  nat.,  Paris,  1812, 
vol.  19,  p.  14,  pi.  1,  fig.  1.     "Brest,"  France. 

Gram/pus  griseus  (Cuv.).  True,  Bull.  36,  U.  S.  nat.  inus., 
1889,  p.  125-133,  182-183,  pi.  39. 

Marine. 

Mass. —  Cape  Cod. 

14.  PiiocAENA  PHOCAENA  (Linne.)  Jordan. 

Common   harbor   porpoise ;    Puffing-pig  ;    Snuffer  ; 
Porpoise. 

Delphinus  phocoena  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.   10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p. 

77.       "  IN  OCEAJfO  EUROPAEO,  &  BALTHIf'O." 

Phocaena  communis  Lesson.  True,  Bull.  36,  U.  S.  nat.  nius., 
1889,  p.  119-122,  179-180,  pi.  35. 

Marine  and  estuarine  ;  social. 

Me. 

N.  H. 

Mass.  to  Conn. 

15.  Lagenorhynchus  aoutus  (Gray.)  Gray, 

Striped  dolphin ;  Eschricht's  dolphin ;  Skunk  por- 
poise. 

Delphinus  acutus  Gray,  Spicil.  zool.,  1828,  ]).  2.  


Lagenorhynchus  acutus  Gray.     True,  Bull.  36,  U.  S.  nat.  mus. 
1889,  p.  85-87,  169,  pi.  23. 

Marine. 

Mass. —  Cape  Cod. 


MAMMALIA.  i 

CKTE.  rtDnNTOf'MTI. 

DKLI'lllMDAK. 

IG,     DKiriiiNTs  DEi.rms  Linut'. 

Common  dolphin;    Ring-eyed    porpoise;   Sea  por- 
poise. 

Delplthius  df'ljtliis  Linnt',  Syst.  nat.,  e<l.  l",  ITTjS,  vol.  1,  ji.  77. 

"in    ()(  KANO    EuKOrAEO." 

Delp/tiinis  di'/j)/ii's  LiiiiH'-.  'I'ruc,  IJiill.  30,  U.  S.  nat.  imis., 
1889,  p.  40-57,  160-l»il,  j>l.  11. 

J>elj>liini(s  delji/iis  Linni.'.  Flower,  Trans,  zool.  soc.  London, 
vol.  11,  i)t.  K  p.  1-;'),  ],].  1.  fin:.  1. 

Pelagic. 

Mass. 

IJ.  I._  Block  M. 

CoNX. —  Loiiii:  M.  Soiiiid. 

17.     Ti'Rsiops  Tiu'xrATrs  (Montagu.)  True. 
Bottle-nose  porpoise;  Porpoise. 

I)eJphiin(s  trtncati/s  Mont.,  Mem.  AVeinerian  soc,  1821,  vol. 
3,  p.  7-"),  pi.  -S.  "Ar.oi'T  FivK  Mir.Ks  11'  Tiiic  luvKi:  Dart," 
England. 

Tnrtilop.^  tiu'xio  (Fal)iicius).  True,  Bull.  36,  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1889,  1).  32-39,  158-159,  pi.  8. 

JJelpliinns  t>irs!i>  Fabr.  Flower,  Trans,  zool.  soc.  Lon<lon,  vol. 
11.  i-t.  1.  p.  1    :.,  pi.  1,  fig.  -2. 

Marine  ;  migratory,  in  schools. 

Me. 

Mass. 

i;.  I. 

T'N(;rLArA.  autiudactvla. 

CEUVIDAK. 

1^1.     ( )iMP(<Mi.Kus  vii:(;iNiANrs  ijokkai  is  (.Miller.)  (i.  .M.  Allen. 
Northern  Virginia  deer. 


8  FAUNA    OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

UNOl  •  LA  TA .  A  KTIUDACT Y  LA . 

CERVIDAE. 

Odocoileus  americanus  borealis  Miller,  Bull.  88,  N.  Y.  state 
mus.,  1900,  vol.  8,  p.  83.     "Bucksport,  Maine." 

Odocoileus  virt/inianus  (Boddaert).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer. 
animals,  1902,  p.  34-39,  3  pis. 

Woodlands  and  forests  of  Transition  and  Canadian  zones. 
Me.  to  Coxx. 

19.  Paralces  americanus  (Clinton.)  Allen. 

Moose. 
Cervus   americanus    Clinton,    Letters    on    nat.  hist,   and   int. 
resources    of    X.    Y.,    18*22,    p.    193.      "Country    north    of 
Whitestown,"'  X.    Y. 

Alces  americanus  Jardine.     Elliot.  Field  Columb.  mus.,  zool. 
ser.,  1901,  vol.  2,  p.  38,  pi.  14. 

Alces  americanus  Jardine.  Stone  ct  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
1902,  p.  43-47,  2  pis. 

Forests  of  Canadian  zone. 

Me. —  Xorthern  counties. 

N.  H. —  Coos  County. 

Vt. —  Formerly  in  northern  counties. 

20.  Rangifer  caribou  (Gmelin.)  Audubon  and  Bachman. 

Woodland  caribou. 

Cervus  tarandus  caribou  Gm.e\.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  l,p.  177. 
"In  ALPiKus  Americae,  .  ,  . .  " 

Jianf/ifer  caribou  (Gmel.) .  Elliot,  Field  Columb.  mus.,  zool. 
ser.,  1901,  vol.  2,  p.  35-36,  pi.  13. 

RaiKjifer  caribou  (Gmel.).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
1902,  p.  47-51,  1  pi. 

Forest><  and  barrens  of  Hudsonian  zone. 

Me. —  South  to  Grafton. 

X.  H. —  Connecticut  Lakes. 

Vt. —  Formerly  in  northern  portion. 


.MAMMALIA.  ^ 

GLIRKS.  SIMrLiriDENTATA. 

schkid.m;. 

•Jl.     Srirurs  «AKoi,iNKNsis  LKi'ioTis  ((Taj^jiei. )  .\IIcn. 
Northern  gray  squirrel. 

Sr{//riis  hill  litis  (ia|i|ier,  Zool.  jouni.,  l>^oU,  vol.  n.  p.  "JOlI,  jil. 
11.     "Bktwekx   VtjKK  AM)   L.vKK  SiM<(»K,"  Ontario. 

Sciiinis  ritro/i/tetisis  limntlx  (Gapper).  liangs,  Proc.  hiol.soc. 
Washington,  ISiXJ,  vol.  10,  p.  1.^5-l.")(;,  pi.  9,  tig.  1. 

l)oci<liious  \voo(lIan<ls  aii'l  groves  t»f  Transition  an<l  lower  Can- 
a<]iaM  /.ones. 

-M  E. —  Southern  counties. 

X.  II.— To  the  White  .Mountains,  l,.")<Mt  ft. 

\V.  to  Co  NX. 

-•J.      SciUHUS  HUDSOXicirs  ( Er.vlehen.)    Allen. 

Northern  red  squirrel ;  Northern  chickaree. 

Srlnrns  i' nhjitris  e.  /n/t^sittiin/s  Krxl.,  Syst.  regiii  anini..  1777, 
p.  41(J.     "Ad  fkktlm  IIidsoxis.'' 

Sriiti-Ks  /iKifsvin'ins  (Kr.xl.).  Allen.  Bull.^Vnier.  nius.  nat.  hist., 
l^K^,  vol.  10,  p.  2.55-207. 

tSriiiiu's  /iiiijsoiili'iis  /iii<h-<i»tliii}t  (Krxl.).  IJaniif*.  l*ro<'.  l)iol. 
80C.  Wa.shington,  iSJMt,  vol.  1(».  n.  l.")y-l(;(l.  i.l.  Id,  Hir.  2. 

Evergreen  fore.sts  of  upper  Canadian  and  Ilutl.sonian  zones. 
^Ie. —  Xorthern  counties. 

X.  n. —  Xorthern   counties;    not  typical  =  "  .s'.  A. /////// //^V7^^•.'■ 
Vr. —  Xorthern  counties;  not  tyi)ical  =  "  .v.  //.  i/i/nmicus.''' 

23.     Sjiikl's  nri>soxiri-s   r.oi^uAx  Bangs. 

Southern  red  squirrel ;   Southern  chickaree. 

St'lilfiis  /iinlsiiiiiiiis  hii^iiil.r  |»;iMgs,  l'ri>C.  l»i<il.  soc.  Wa>hinLXt«>ii, 

ls%,  vol.  10,  p.  ir.l-H;2,  j.l.  10,  Hg.  1.     ••  LiitKKi  v  IIii.i..  C..\N." 
Sriuiuix  finds- III  lens  i/ijni  nlrns  Hangs.     Stone  «.t   Cram.  Ainer. 
animals,  lin»2,  p.  I72-I7n,  2  pis. 


10  FAUNA    OF    NEW    EN(;LAND. 

GLIRES.  SIMPLICIDENTATA. 

SCIURIDAE. 

Coniferous  and  mixed  woods  of  transition  and  upper  austral 
zones. 

Me. —  Southern  counties,  not  typical. 
N.  H.  — Southern  counties. 
Vt. —  Southern  counties. 
Mass.  to  Conx. 

24.  SciuRus  RUFivEXTER  XEGLECTUS  (Grav.)  Allen. 

Northern  fox  squirrel. 

Macroxus  nerflectu!<  Gray,  Ann.  mag.  nat.  hist.,  ser.  3,  1867, 
vol.  20,  p.  425.     "North  America?" 

Sciurus  ludoviciamis  vicinus  Bangs,  Proc.  biol.  soc.  Washing- 
ton, 189(5.  vol.  10,  p.  150-153,  pi.  8,  fig.  3. 

Sciurus  cinereus  Linne.  Audubon  ct  Bachman,  Quadrupeds  of 
North  Araer.,  1846,  vol.  1.  p.  145-150.  pi.  17. 

Deciduous  forests  of  upper  austral  zone. 
Mass. —  Southern  Connecticut  valley;  Saugus. 
Coxx. —  Xorthford  (Linsley). 

Note. —  "  X.  H."  —  Two  in  Peabody  acad.  sci.,  Salem. 

25.  Tamias  sTRiATis  LY:^TERi  (  Richardsou. )  Merriam. 

Lysters     chipmunk ;     Ground     squirrel ;     Striped 
squirrel ;   Chipmunk. 

Sciurus  (Tamias)  li/steri  Rich.,  P^auna  Boreali-Americana, 
1829,  vol.  1,  p.  181,  pi.  15.  "PexetaX(tUishexe,"  Ontario. 

Tamias  striatus  lysteri  (Rich.).  Merriam,  Araer.  naturalist, 
1886,  vol.  20,  p.  242.' 

Sciurus  striatus  Linne.  DeKay,  Xat.  hist.  Xew  York,  1842, 
pt.  1.  p.  62-64,  pi.  16,  fig.  1. 

Open  woodlands  and  among  rocks.     Lives  in  burrows. 
]Me.  to  Coxx. 


MAMMALIA.  11 

<;LIKES  SIMrLiriDENTATA. 

sririnoAK. 

•Jti.     Ai;<  loMvs   MoNAX  (LijiHi'.)  (Tinol'm. 

Woodchuck  :  Ground  hog. 
Jfus  iiionax  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1.  \k  <>••.     "in 

Amkuka  SKPTENTUION'ALI." 

Antoiiiys  mo7iax  (Linn^K  Haird,  Pacific  liailway  rept.,  1857, 
vol.  s,  p.  339-343,  pi.  49,  fig.  la-le. 

Arrtoiiit/s  moiutx  (Liniu').  Stone  it  Cram,  Ainer.  animals, 
l!ii>'2,  p.  i:.l-l.">9,  U  pis. 

Fields  and  oi)cn  woodland.s. 
Mk.  to  Coxx. 

■J7.     SciiROi'TKUis  sAr.iMNi's  MACROTis  Meams. 

Canadian  flying  squirrel. 

Sriiii-ijpterux  subr'nKo^  imicrotU  Mearns,  Proc.  V .  S.  nat.  mus., 
1898,  vol.  21,  p.  353-354,  figs.  1,  'Ih,  3b.  "IIixtkr  moixtaix 
<('atskii.i,s).  Giikkxe  rouxTV,  Xr.w  Vor.K." 

Forests  of  Canadian  zone ;  nocturnal. 

Mk.  t<)  Vt. 

Mass. —  Hudson;  Lynn;  Middleboro'. 

•J^i.     SriiRopTEKis  volaxs  (Linn*.'.)  Jordan. 

Southern  flying  squirrel. 

Mus  volatis  Liiuu'-.  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  1<»,  17.'>>,  vol.  1,  p.  <»o.  "ix 
\'ii;<;ixiA,  .  .  .  ." 

Srliirnfitfrii.-<  ro/ini.s  roAf//,v  ( I.irnu').  Hangs,  Proc.  liol.  sue. 
Washington,  1n9C.,  vol.  10.  p.  lt;4-  100,  tig.  30-31,  j.l.   10.  tig.  5. 

Sciuropteriis  volnns  (Linnc).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
IIM)-^.  p.  17(1   177,  1  pi. 


12  rAUXA   OF   NEW   EN"GL\X1X 

GLIRES-  SIMPL1CU)ENTATA. 

SCIUKIDAE. 

Open  woodlands  of  Transition  zone ;  noctarnal. 
Me. —  E:v<:port:  Xor\ray:  Calais;  Waterville. 
X.  H. —  Hancock  :  Webster ;  Milan. 
Vt. —  Lowlands. 
Mass.  to  Coxx. 

CASTORIDAE. 

29.  Castoe  « wjyAPExsis  Knhl. 

Amencan  beaver:  Beaver. 
C  asior  c^iM^^id'^i^U  Kuhi,  Beitrage  z.  zooL,  IMIU.  p.  0-L     "  Ad 

FEETCTiI  HUDSOXI.^ 

Oj^or  canademis  Kuhl.  Elliot,  Field  Coiunib.  mus..  zool.  sen, 
19(11.  voL  2,  p.  116,  fig.  27. 

Cantor  cana'jf'ensi^  Kuhl.  Stone  ».t  Cram,  Araer.  animals.  1902, 
p.  14-3-150,  2  pis. 

Streams  and  lakes  in  forests. 
^Ie. —  Xorthem  counties. 
X.  H. —  Xorthem  Coos  County. 
Vt.  to  Coxx. —  Extirpate*!. 

MURIDAE- 

30.  Mrs  MuscuLus  Linne. 

House  mouse. 

Jf'j^  musculus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  175S,  voL  1,  p.  62. 
~rs  iK»30Brs~  of  Sweden. 

J/«*  mu^idtts  Linne.  Baird,  Pacific  Railway  rept.,  1857,  vol. 
8,  p.  ^3-444. 

J/*f*  luiMcuhts  Linne.  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals.  1902, 
p.  188-142,  fig.  on  pi.  facing  p.  142. 

In  buildings,  sometimes  in  fields.     Introduced. 
3Ie.  to  Coxx. 


MAMMALIA.  13 

GLIRES.  SIMPLICIDEXTATA 

MLKII>AE. 

31.     Mr>  x«»EVE<iicr»  Erxleben. 

Norway  rat:  Bro"V(rii  rat;  Wliarf  rat. 
^V".«  norr^(firn9  Enl..  Sy«t.  resui  anim^  1777.  y.  Z^\.     ~i?f 

OMM  ECBOPA." 

M>i4  flerumtiHHs  Palla*.  DfKay.  Xat.  hbt.  New  York,  1^42. 
pt.  1.  p.  79-SO. 

Mh*  noreegicu*  Enl.  Stone  &  Cram.  Amer.  animals.  ISNj:*. 
p.  142-144.  fig.  on  pi.  facing  p.  14:1. 

Bam*   and    neighktorhood   of    wharves,    beaches,   and    freight 
ranis.     Introduced. 
Me.  to  Coxx. 

3:!.     Mrs  katti-^  Linne. 
Black  rat 
Mu*  rattu*  Linne,  ^yst.  nat..  ed.  lu,  17o^,  voL  1,  p.  01.     ~ix 

DOMICl'S   EiEmPaZ.'' 

y£'ti  ratt*iJt  Linn^.  Elliot.  Field  Columb.  mas.,  zool.  ser.,  liH>l. 
vol.  '1.  p.  117,  fig.  2"^. 

^I>(*  rattut  Linoe.  Audubon  «fc  Bachman.  Quadruiie^ls  of 
North  Amer..  1h46,  toL  1.  p.  1S9-194,  pi.  23. 

About  houses  and  bams  in  the  country.     Intrc»duced- 
Me.  to  (ON-X. 

33.     l*tK«>MV5«cus  cjLXADEXsis  (Miller.)  Bangs. 

Canadian  v«rlnte-footed  mouse. 

Sitoinyg  timericanu*  canadensi*  Miller.  Proc.  l*oL  soc.  Wash- 
ington, 1>93,  vol.  fi,  p.  55-67.  "  Petekbob«^«,  Maihsox  Couxtt, 
N\  Y." 

Cool,  damp  woods  of  Canadian  zone. 

Me.  to  Vt. 

Mass.—  Mt.  G^avlcK^k. 


14  FAUNA    OF   XEW    ENGLAND. 

GLIRES.  SIMPLICIDENTATA. 

MURIDAE. 

34.  Pekomyscus  leucopus  noveroracensis  (Fischer.)  Miller. 

Eastern   vtrhite-footed    mouse ;     New   York    deer- 
mouse  ;  Deermouse ;  Woodmouse. 

3fus  sylvaticus  noveboracensis  Fiscb.,  Synopsis  mammalimii, 
1S29,  p.  318-819.     "In  Novo  Eboraco." 

PeromijKcus  leucopus  novehoracensis  (Fisch.).  Mearns,  Proc. 
biol.  soc.  Washington,  1901,  vol.  14,  p.  154. 

PeromyscKS  iwierlcanus  tiooebonicensis  (Fisch.).  Elliot,  Field 
Columb.  mus.,  zool.  ser.,  1901,  vol.  2,  p.  125  (fig.  30  of  "P. 
mnericanns  "). 

Woodlands  of  transition  zone. 
Me. —  Southern  counties. 
N.  H.—  Below  3000  feet. 
Vt.  to  Conn. 

35.  Neotoma  pennsylvanica  Stone. 

Alleghany  wood  rat ;  Cave  rat. 

Neotoma  jyennsylvajiica  Stone,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Philadel- 
phia, 1893,1).  16.  "South  Mountain,  Cumberland  County, 
Penna." 

Neotoma  pennsylvanica  Stone.  Rhoads,  Mammals  of  Penna. 
&  N.  J.,  1903,  p.  85-92,  pi.  4. 

In  stony  places  and  in  caves;  upper  austral  zone. 

?Mass.— (Gibbs.) 

Conn.—  Liberty  Hill;  ?  Bridgeport  (Linsley). 

36.  Evotomys  gapperi  ochraceus  ^Miller. 
Eastern  red-backed  mouse;  Wood  vole. 

Evotomys  gapperi  ochraceus  Miller,  I'roc.  Boston  soc.  nat. 
hist.,  1894,  vol.  26,  p.  193-196,  pi.  3,  fig.  1.  "Mount  Wash- 
ington, N.  H.,  ....  Alpine  Garden." 


MAMMALIA.  15 

GLIRES.  SIMPLKIDKNTATA. 

MIKIDAK. 

E»ototnys  (japperi  ochraceus  .Miller.  l>ailey,  Proc.  biol.  soc. 
Washington,  1897,  vol.  11,  |»p.  117,  l'J4. 

Cool,  (lamp  woods  of  Canadian  zone. 

Mk.  to  Vt. —  Abumlant. 

Mass. —  Highlands  and  boreal  swamps. 

]{.  I. —  Boreal  swamps. 

Conn. —  Liberty  Hill. 

37.  MniKtrrs   riCNNsviv  wn  rs  (Ord.)  Tlhoads. 

Meado^v  mouse ;  MeadoTv  vole ;  Field  mouse. 

Miis  jiennsi/lraniai  Ord,  Guthrie's  geography,  2d  Anier.  ed., 
1815,  vol.  2,  p.  -iO'i  (ex  Wilson,  Amer.  ornith.,  ISl'J,  vol.  G,  p. 
59,  pi.  50,  tig.  3.     "  PiiiLAnKLPiiiA,"  Penna.) 

Microtias  j>ennsi//i'i(/iicK.f  (Ord).  Bailey,  North  .Vmei".  fauna, 
1900,  no.  17,  p.  K3-1S,  fig.  1,  pi.  1,  pi.  2,  h"g.  1  ;  pi.  3,  fig.  1. 

Grassv  fields  and  marshes;  to  a  less  extent  in  the  woods. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

38.  MiCROTUS    PEXNSVLVANICUS    SHATTUCKI    Howe. 

Shattuck  meado^v  mouse. 

Microtus  pennsUimmcus  [sic]  shattucki  Howe,  Proc.  Portland 
soc.  nat.  hist.,  1901,  vol.  2,  p.  '201-20-2,  pi.  5.  "Tumble  Down 
I)i«  K   Island,  near  Long  Island,  Pexouscot  Bay,  Maine." 

Islands  of  Penobscot  Bay,  ]\Ie. 

Me. —  Tumble  Down  Dick  Island;  Long  Island. 

39.  MiCROTUS  BREWERi  (Baird.)  Miller. 

Brewers    meado"w   mouse;    Beach    mouse:    Gray 
mouse. 

Aroicola  breiceri  Baird,  Pacific  Railway  rept.,  1857,  vol.  8,  p. 
525-526.     "Island  uv  Mr8KKK<JET,  on    the    eastkkn    coast 

OF    ^LVSSACHUSETTS." 


16  FAUNA    DF    NEW    ENGLAND. 

GLIRES.  SIMPLICIDENTATA. 

MIRIDAE. 

MicrotHS  hreioeri  (Baird).  Miller,  Proc.  Boston  soc.  nat.  hist., 
1896,  vol.  '11,  p.  83-87,  pi.  1,  figs.  1,  la. 

Insular. 

Mass. —  ^luskeeget  Island. 

40.  MicROTUs  riiROTORUHixus  (MiUcr.)  Bangs. 

Rock  vole  ;  Rufous  nosed  meadow  mouse. 

Arricola  chrotorr/dnus  Miller,  Proc.  Boston  soc.  nat.  hist., 
1894,  vol.  -26,  p.  190,  pi.  3,  fig.  3-4 ;  pi.  4,  figs.  2a,  2b.  "Mouxx 
Washixgtox,  X.  H., ....  ABOUT  5,300  ft." 

3Iicrotus  chrotorrhmus  (Miller).  Bailey,  Xorth  Amer.  fauna, 
1900.  no.  17,  p.  58,  pi.  4,  fig.  5  ;  pi.  5,  fig.  5. 

Cool  wet  woods  among  rocks;  Canadian  and  Hudsonian  zones. 
N.  II.—  Mt.  Washington,  5,300   ft. ;    Mt.   Adams,    4,400   ft. ; 
Carter  Notch,  3,360  ft. ;  Profile  Lake,  2,000  ft. 

41.  MiCROTCs  piNETOEUM  scALOPSOiDES    (Audubon  ifc    Bach- 
man.)  Batchelder. 

Northern  pine  mouse ;  Mole  mouse. 

Arcicola  scalopsoides  Aud.  &  Bach.,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila- 
delphia, 1841,  vol.  1,  p.  97.     "LoxG  Island,  ....  Xew  York." 

Jlicrofiis  pinetorum  scalopsrAdes  (Aud.  tt  Bach.).  Bailey, 
Xorth  Amer.  fauna,  1900,  no.  17,  p.  64. 

Microtus  pinttornrn  scalopsoides  (Aud.  &  Bach.).  Rhoads, 
JNIammals  of  Penna.  &  X.  J.,  1903,  p.  101-104,  fig.  on  pi.  5. 

Dry,  sandy  fields  and  woods  :  upper  austral  zone. 

Mass. —  Springfield. 

R.I. 

>Coxx. —  East  Hartford. 


MAMMALIA.  17 

(JLIRES.  SIMrLICIDKXTATA. 

MriUDAK. 

4"J.      FiBKK  /niKTHK  IS  (Linm''.)  Cuvier. 
Muskrat ;  Musquash. 

Oistttr  zibttfiicns  LiniK-,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  VI,  17GG,  vol.  1,  \t.  7*J. 
"Canada." 

Kifn^r  zifn^t/iicux  (Liniu').  Klliot,  Field  Coluinb.  raus.,  zool.  ser., 
1901,  vol.  '1,  \K  212-213,  tig.  49. 

Fihar  zlhethiois  Linno.  Stone  «fc  Cram,  Amer.  animals,  1902, 
|,.  l-Jl-126,  1  i-l. 

Along  streams  and  lakes,  and  in  mai-shes. 
Me.  to  CoNX. 

48.     SvNAi'TuMvs  coorKKi  llairtl. 

Coopers  lemming  mouse  ;  Bog  lemming. 

Synti]ttiniiy.'<  cooperi  Baird,  Pacific-  IJailway  rept.,  1857,  vol.  8, 
p,  558.    "  Pkohablv  fkum  the  New  Exglaxd  States,  on  New 

VOKK." 

Si/naptotiiys  coopfrl  Baird.  Merriam,  Proc.  biol.  soc.  Wash- 
ington, 1896,  vol.  10,  p.  58,  fig.  •!. 

Sifinijttouitjs  cooperi  Baird.  Stone  tV:  C  ram,  Amer.  animals, 
19U-J.  p.  107-lOK.  fig.  6  on  pi.  facing  p.  110. 

Sphagnum  bogs  and  swampy  woods. 

Me. —  Mt.  Katah«lin. 

Mass. —  Plymouth  ;  Wareham. 

44.     SvxApTOMYs  KATUus  Bangs. 

Northern  lemming  mouse. 

SijuaptointjK  fatuuH  Bangs.  Proc.  biol.  soc.  Wasliington.  1^90, 
vol.  10.  p.  47-48.     "Lake  Edward,  (^UEBEf." 

Sphagnum  bogs  and  damp  forests  of  Iludsunian  zone. 
Me. —  Eagle  Lake.  Aroostook  County;    Mt.   Katalidiii  (inter- 
mediate ?). 
N.  IL— :Mt.  .Moosilauke  (4,S0(»  ft.). 


18  FAUNA    OF   NEW    ENGLAND. 

GLIRES.  SIMPLICIDENTATA. 

MURIDAE. 

45.     Synaptomys  sphagnicola  Preble. 

White  Mountain  lemming  mouse. 

Synaptomys  {Mictoinys)  sphagnicola  Preble,  Proc.  biol.  soc. 
Washington,  1899,  vol.  13,  p.  43-45,  fig.  3a.  "Fabyans,  New 
Hampshire." 

Sphagnum  bogs,  and  damp  forests  of  Hudsonian  zone. 
Me.—  Mt.  Katahdin  (4,500  ft.) . 
N.  H. —  Fabyans. 

ZAPODIDAE. 
40.     Zapus  hudsonius  (Zimmerraann.)  Coues. 
Hudson  Bay  jumping  mouse. 

Dipus  hudsonius  Zimm.,  (^^eographische  geschichte,  1780,  vol, 
2,  p.  358.     "Hudsonsbay." 

Zapus  hudsonius  (Zimra.).  Preble,  North  Amer.  fauna,  1899, 
no.  15,  p.  15-17,  tig.  1,  pi.  1,  figs.  3,  3a. 

Zapus  hudsonius  (Znnm.).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
1902,  p.  102-104,  1  fig.  on  pi.  facing  p.  102. 

Grassy  meadows  and  swamps. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

47.     Napaeozapus  insignis  (Miller.)  Miller. 
Woodland  jumping  mouse. 

Zapus  insiynis  Miller,  Amer.  naturalist,  1891,  vol.  25,  p.  742. 
"  Restigouche,  N.  B." 

Zapus  (JVapaeozajyus)  insiynis  Miller.  Preble,  North  Amer. 
fauna,  1899,  no.  15,  p.  33-35,  fig.  2,  pi.  1,  figs.  1,  la. 

Zapus  insiynis  Miller.  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals,  1902, 
p.  104-105,  fig.  4  on  pi.  facing  p.  110. 

By  cool  streams  in  damp  woods  of  Canadian  zone. 

Me.  to  Vt. 

Mass. —  IMt.  Graylock. 


MAMMA  IJA.  v.) 

til.IIJKS.  SIMI'LICIDKNTATA. 

KRKTHIZONTIDAK. 

4S.      Ki:i:tiii/<'N    i><>i;s.\riM  (F.iiiiit'.)  I'\  Cnvier. 

Canada  porcupine;  Hedgehog;  Quill-pig. 

Jlijtitrix  ilo/:s<iln  J^iniit',  Syst.  iiat.,  imI.  Id,  IToS,  vol.  1,  \>.  o7. 
"  IN  Canada." 

Kntfiizon  dorsiitns  (Limn'').  Klliot,  FieM  Coluinl).  imis.,  zool. 
ser.,  I'JUl,  vol.  2,  p.  'H\4-'2(\:k  pi.  '24. 

Krethizon  (/orsudts  (Liiiiic-^.  Stone  it  Cram,  Ainer.  aninialti, 
IIMI-J.  p.  i«4-9(),  li  pis. 

.MixL'il  and  (.•oiiiteruii.s  woods,  amoiiuj  rocks. 
Mk.  to  Mass. 

])L  I'LICIDENTATA. 
LEPOUIDAE. 

4i>.     Lki'is  A^rKKKAN'us   VI K. ■  I M ANUS  (Ilarlaii.)  Allen. 
Eastern  varying  hare  ;  White  rabbit. 
L<j,Hs  clri/iniainis   Harlan,  Fauna  .Vniericana,  18*2f),  p.  190- 

19S.       "  lil.LK  MoL  NTAINS,  ....  PkNNSVI.VA  NI  A." 

Lijiiis  tnuen'cdiu/s  rir(/iiii<iHiis  (Harlan).  Han^s,  Prcic.  hiol. 
8O0.  Washintrton.  isiiS,  vol.  \'l.  p.  79-81. 

L'pKs  <inieri(jaia(s  rin/iuia/n's  (Harlan).  Stone  it  Cram, 
AiiR-r.  animals,  190l>,  p.  7S-80,  1  pi. 

Cool,  damp  woods  of  Canadian  zone. 

Mk.  to  Vt. 

Mass. —  Locally  in  eastern  part. 

H.  I._  Local. 

Conn. —  Local. 

.')().     Lkits   klokidanus  tranni  iionai.is  ( iJaniis.)  .Mien. 
Northern  cottontail;  Gray  rabbit;  Coney. 

Lipit,-*  si//iu((irits  (ra/isitio/m/i.'i  Banjos,  I'roc.  Boston  soc.  iiat. 
hist.,  1^9;'),  vol.  -jr,,  p.  405.     "Lihkkty  Hii.i.,  Conn." 


20  FAIXA    OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

GLIKES.  DIPLICIDENTATA. 

LEPORIDAE. 

Lepus  nanus  Schreber.  DeKay,  Xat.  liist.  New  York,  1842, 
pt.  1,  p.  93-95,  pi.  -27,  fig.  1. 

In  I)ushy  places  ;  transition  zone. 

N.  H. —  North  to  Webster. 

Vt. —  Windsor:  Connecticut  valley. 

Mass. —  Lower  portions. 

R.I. 

Coxx. 

FERAE.  PINNIPEDIA. 

PHOCIDAE. 

51.  Phoca  groexlandica  Erxleben. 
Harp  seal;  Saddle-back. 

Phoca  groealtindica  Er.\l.,  Syst.  regni  anim.,  1777.  p.  588. 
"ix  Groexlaxdia  et  Newfouxdlaxd." 

Phoca  groenhindica  Fabricius.  Allen,  History  of  North  Amer. 
Pinnipeds,  1880,  p.  680-654,  fig.  50. 

Phoca  groenlandica  Fabricius.  Elliot,  Field  C'olumb.  raus., 
zool.  ser.,  1901.  vol.  2,  p.  364-365,  pi.  49,  (1  fig.). 

Marine;  straggler  from  the  north. 
Mass. —  Nahant. 
Coxx. —  Stonington  (?). 

52.  Phoca  vitulixa  Linne. 

Harbor  seal;  Sea-dog. 
Phoca   vituli)ia   Linne,    Syst.   nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  38. 

"iX    :NrARI    EUROPAEO." 

Phoca  vituUna  Linne.  Allen,  History  of  North  Amer.  Pinni- 
peds, 1880,  p.  559-597,  fig.  48-48. 

Phoca  vitulina  (Linne).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals,  1902, 
p.  215-217,  fig.  on  pi.  facing  p.  216. 


MAMMALIA.  'J.\ 

FEUAK.  riNXll'KDIA. 

IMUK'IDAK. 

-Marine  atul  estiiarine ;  bree<ls  on  rocks  off  shore. 

N.  II. 

Vt. —  Lake  Clianiplaii). 

Mass.  to  Coxx. 

.")8.     Cystoi'iiok.v  <kist.\t.\  (ErxIeJiLMi.)  Nilssoii. 
Hooded  seal;  Crested  seal. 
Phoca  cristata  Er.xlelien,  Syst.  regni  anim.,  1777,  p.  .")90.     "ix 

GrOEXLAXDIA   ArSTKAI.MKI    KT    XkwFOUXIU.A  ND." 

Cystophora  vristata  (Krxleben).  Allen,  History  of  North 
Amer.  Pinnipeds,  1S>^0,  p.  724-742,  tig.  o'J-oH. 

Marine;  a  straggler  from  the  north. 

Me. 

Mass. —  Xewburyport ;  Massachusetts  coast. 

1{.  I. —  Providence  River,  below  Providence. 

FISSII'KDIA. 
KELIDAK. 

i)A.     Fki.is  couguak  Kerr. 

Adirondack  cougar;  Puma;  Panther. 
/•^elitt  rouifiKir  Iverr.  Animal  kingdom,  171>'J,  ]).  l.")l.      "M<>l  s- 

TAIXS    OF    PkNSVLVANIA.     \'lI{<ilMA,  C'aK<»LINA,     AXI)    (TKlUJcilA." 

yelix  cimi/itar  Kerr.  Merriam,  Proc.  Wasliington  acad.  sci., 
1901.  vol.  :;,  p.  .')S2-o^<3. 

Felis  convoloi-  Liiinc.  DeKay,  Nat.  hist.  New  ^'ork,  1S4*J. 
j.t.  1,  ]..  47-49,  pi.  9. 

Forests  and  mountains;   now  almost  extirpated. 

Mk. 

N.  II. —  White  Mountains  (about  18Ho). 


99 


FAUNA   OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 


FERAE.  FISSIPKDIA. 

FELIDAE. 

Vt.— Green  Mountains  (1894);    Barnard   (1881);   Weathers- 
field  (1867);  Bennington  (1850). 
Mass. —  Extirpated. 
R.  I. —  Extirpated. 

55.  Lyxx  caxadexsis  (Kerr.)  Ratinesque. 

Canada  lynx ;  Lucivee. 

Felis  lynx  canadensis  Kerr.  Anim.  kingdom,  1792,  }•.  157. 
"Caxada." 

Felis  canadensis  Uesraarest.  Elliot.  Monograph  of  the  Feli- 
dae,  1880,  pt.  6,  2  pp.  text,  1  pi. 

Lynx  canadensis  Kerr.  Stone  ct  Cram,  Amer.  animals,  1902, 
p.  286-288,  1  pi. 

Evergreen  forests  of  the  north. 

Me.  ^ 

N.  H.— Rare. 

Vt. —  Rare. 

Mass. —  Practically  extirpated.    Ware  (1866). 

56.  Lyxx  ruffus  (Giildenstadt.)  Rafinesque. 

Bay  lynx  ;  Bobcat ;  Wildcat. 

Felis  riiffa  GiiM.,  Nov.  oomni.  acad.scient.  imp.  Petrop..  1776, 
vol.  20,  p.  484.  (Ex  Pennant,  ''Ixxf.r  parts  of  the  provi>'ce 
OF  Xeav-york.") 

Lynx  ruffus  (Giild.).  Bangs,  Proc.  biol.  soc.  Washington, 
1897,  vol.  11,  pi.  2,  fig.  3. 

Lyncus  rufus  (Temminck.)  De  Kay.  Nat.  hist.  New  York, 
1842,  pt.  1,  p.  51-58.  pi.  10,  tig.  1. 

Deep  woods  ;  dens  among  rocks. 

Me.  to  R.  I. 

Coxy. —  East  Hartford. 


MAMMALIA.  23 

FEHAK.  FISSIl'EDIA. 

CANIDAE. 

57.  Uko<  YON-  .  iNKKEOAROEXTErs  BORKALis  Meriiani. 

Northern  gray  fox. 

Urccifon  rhiereotirf/enteifs  horeolls  Merriain,  Pmc  liiol.  soc. 
Washington,  li>08,  vol.  Itl,  j..  74.  "  .Maui.horo,  7  milks  from 
MoNAi>NtHK,  Nkw  IIampsiiirk." 

Urocyon  cinereoart/enteus  (Schrebcr).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer. 
animals,  liMcj,  p.  275-377,  1  1>1.  (southern  fonu). 

Open  woodlands  of  njiper  austral  zone. 
N.  II.   -Marlboro. 
Mass. —  Leominster. 
Cons. 

58.  Vri.PKs  KLi.vis  (Desinarest.)  l)e  Kay. 

Red  fox  ;  Cross  fox  ;  Black  fox. 

(Vz/z/.s-  j'idriis  Desni..  Maniinalogie.  1S20,  vol.  1,  p.  2(»3. 
"L'Etat  de  Virgime." 

Viilpes petmsifh-atiioi  {V>Oi\i\o.eY\.).  Elliot,  Field  Columb.  mus., 
zool.  ser.,  1901,  vol.  t>,  p.  304,  j.l.  30. 

ViiljH  8  fidvm  (Desm.).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals,  1902, 
p.  264-272,  2  pis. 

Woodlands;  in  burrows. 
Me.  to  C'oNX. 

r)9.     Canis  orriDENTALis  (Kic'hardson.)    liaird. 
Gray  wolf  ;  Timber  wolf. 

CiDtiH  lajnix  orcideiUitlis  Rich.,  Fauna  Boreali-Amer.,  1829, 
vol.  1.  p.  tJO.     "NoRTiiKUN  DISTRICTS  "  of  North  America. 

Lajtiis  occide/itolis  (Rich.).  De  Kay,  Nat.  hist.  New  York, 
1842,  j.t.  1,  ]..  42-43,  pi.  27,  Hg.  -j. 

Forests. 

Me. —  Practically  extirpated. 

\.  11  —White  Mountains  (about  1x87). 


24  FAUNA   OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

FERAE.  FISSIPEDIA. 

CANIDAE. 

Vt. —  Extirpated  in  past  century. 

Mass. —  Extirpated  in  past  century. 

Conn.— Extirpated.     Bridgeport   (1840);   Newtown   (1832). 

MUSTELIDAE. 

60.  LuTRA  CANADENSIS  (Sclireber.)  Sabine. 

Otter. 
Mustela  Intra  canadensis  Schr.,  Siiugthiere,  1776,  pi.  126  B. 

"  NORDAMERICA." 

Lutra  hiulsonicd  Lacep^de.  Rhoads,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc, 
n.  s.,  1898,  vol.  19,  p.  424-427,  pi.  24,  fig.  1-2. 

Lutra  canadensis  Schr.  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
1902,  p.  219-223,  1  pi. 

Streams  and  lakes,  and  along  the  seashore. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

61.  Mephitis  putida  (G.  Cuvier.)  Allen. 

Eastern  skunk. 

Mustela  putida  G.  Cuv.,  Tabl.  elera.  de  I'hist.  nat.  des  anim., 
1798,  p.  116.     "  De  l'Amerique  septentrionale." 

Chincha putida  (Boitard).  Howell,  North  Amer.  fauna,  1901, 
no.  20,  p.  25-27,  pi.  1,  fig.  1 ;  pi.  5,  fig.  3-4. 

Mephitis  putida  (Cuvier).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
1902,  p.  224-229,  1  pi. 

Open  woodlands  and  rural  districts. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

62.  GuLO  Luscus  (Linne.)  Sabine. 

Wolverine ;  Indian  devil. 

Ursus  licscus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10, 1758,  vol.  1,  p.  47.    "  ad 

SINUM  HUDSONIS." 


MAMMALIA.  25 

FKRAK.  FISSII'KDIA. 

MrSTKI.lDAK. 

(rulo  Ikscks  (Limie).  Hainl,  Pacific  l{ail\v;iy  rej»t.,  vol.  8, 
1857,  p.  lSl-188. 

Gulo  liisciis  Limit'.  Stone  &,  Cram,  Aincr.  animals,  I'JO'J,  p. 
245-247,  1  j.l. 

Heavy  forests;  probably  extirpateil  in  New  En^laml. 
Me. —  Norway  (about  isOo). 
N.  II.  t..  Mass. —  ?].\-tirpate<l. 

03.  Piroiiirs  visoN  (Sflirel)C'r.)  Gap|".er. 

Mink  ;  Little  black  mink. 

Mitstela  risoii  8clir.,  Siiugthiere,  1778,  v^)\.  3,  p.  403,  pi.  I'JT  15. 
"In  Can  a  I. a,...." 

Putorius  vison  (Schr.).  liaiigs,  I'roc.  IJoston  soc.  nat.  liist., 
1890,  vol.  27,  p.  3-4.  pi.  2,  fig.  1. 

Putorius  I't'so/i  (Schr.).  Stone  it  Cram,  Aiiier.  aiiimal.s,  H)(l2, 
p.  231-235,  1  fig.  on  pi.  facing  p.  234. 

Along  streams. 
Mk.  to  Mass. 

04.  Pi  roKius  vr.soN  litkkocei'Halus  (Harlan.)  Bangs. 

Large  bro-wn  mink. 

Musttla  lutreocephnlii  Harlan,  Fauna  Americana,  1>^2."),  p.  03. 
"Makyi.and." 

Putorius  I'isoii  li(trci>rej)h(ili(s  (^Harlan)-  Hangs,  Proc.  Huston 
soc.  nat.  hist.,  1X90,  vol.  27,  p.  4,  i)l.  1,  tig.  1  ;  pi.  2,  fig.  2. 

(Jn  the  seab(»ar<l,  ami  locky  islamls  off  shore. 
Me. —  Flatt  Island,  off  .lonesport. 
Mass,  to  Conx. —  Along  the  coast. 

65.     Pr KtiMus  cico<iNAMi  (Bonaparte.)  Richanlson. 
Little  bro^vn  ^veasel. 


26  FAUNA   OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

FERAE.  FISSIPEDIA. 

MUSTELIDAE. 

Jlitstela  cico(/nariii  Bon.,  Iconogr.  fauna  Ital.,  1838,  vol.  1, 
fasc.  22,  p.  4.     "Amkrka  settkntrioxale." 

Putorius  cicoyiuml  Bon.  Merriam,  North  Amer.  fauna,  1896, 
no.  11,  p.  10-11,  fig.  2-3,  pi.  2,  figs.  3,  3a,  4,  4a. 

Boreal  forests ;  sometimes  in  open  rocky  places. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

66.  PuTORius  NovEBORACEXsis  Emmons. 

New  York  Aveasel;  Large  brown  vreasel. 

Putorius  noveboracensis  DeKay  (nora.  nud.)  Emmons,  Re- 
port quadrupeds  Mass.,  1840,  p.  45.  "Middle  and  Xortherx 
States." 

Putorius  noveboracensis  DeKay.  Meriiam,  North  Amer. 
fauna,  1896,  no.  11,  p.  16-18,  fig.  4-6,  pi.  4,  figs.  1,  la,  2,  2a; 
pi.  5,  figs.  3,  3a. 

Putorius  noveboracensis  (Emmons).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer. 
animals,  1902,  p.  235-239,  1  fig.  on  pi.  facing  p.  234. 

In  woods ;  sometimes  near  houses. 
Me. —  Southern  half.     Upton. 
N.  H. —  White  Mountains,  southward. 
Vt.  to  CONX. 

67.  Putorius  occisor  Bangs. 

Long-tailed  weasel. 

Putorius  occisor  Bangs,  Proc.  New  England  zool.  club,  1899, 
vol.  1,  p.  54.     "BucKSPORT,  Maine." 

Forests  ;  northern  New  England. 
Me. —  Bucksport;  Moosehead  Lake. 

68.  MUSTELA  AMERICANA  TurtOU. 

Pine  marten ;  Sable 


MAMMALIA.  27 

KKKAK.  FISSIPKDIA. 

ML'STEMDAi:. 

3ff/sfef'i  (unert'ni/it/.s  'I'lirt..  Linnaeus  System  of  nature,   1S06, 

vol.    1,   p.   GO.       "XoKTIl   A.MKUK  A." 

Jfu.<ttela  americtiiiii  Tiiit.  Klliot.  FieM  C'oIunjl>.  niiis..  zo»>I. 
ser..  111(11,  vol.  -J,  p.  834-8^;"),  tig.  OC). 

Miixtthi  (iinen'canit  Tiirt.  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals.  190*J, 
p.  '2\'2  '^4.'..  1  pi. 

Kveriirt'en  ami  lieei'h  forest.>< ;   now  confinetl   to   northern   Xew 
Kn<rlan<l. 
Mk 

N.  li.—  White  .Mountains,  north\var<l. 
\'t. 
Mass. —  Formerlv  in  Berkshire  Count\. 

(>9.     Ml  sTKL.v  TKNX.v.N  II  I'^r.vleUen. 

Pennant  s  marten ;  Fisher;  Black  cat 
Muitteltt  jte/ouniti  Er.x.,  Syst.  regni  anim.,  1777.  vol.   1.  p.  470. 

"  Ix  AmKKICA    HtMJKALl." 

Miistela  atnade/tsis  (4melin.  DeKay.  Xat.  hist.  New  York, 
1^42,  pt.  1.  p.  31-3-J,  pi.  18,  tig.  1. 

Jfitste/n  luinddeitsis  Schreher.  Au(lu])on  it  Bachtnan.  (Jna<l- 
rupeils  North  Amer.,  Is4(»,  vol.    1,  j>.  8(»7-:)ir),  pi.  41. 

Forests  of  northern  New  Knglainl. 

Mk. 

N.  II. —  Whiti-  .Mountains,  noithwanl. 

Vt. 

^f,\s><. —  Formerly  in  iV-rkshire  CCunty  (1880). 

rUotVnMDAK. 

TO.      I'i:(n  voN  i.oToi:  (Linne.)  Storr. 
Raccoon;  Coon 


28  FAUNA    OK   NEW    ENGLAND. 

FERAE.  FIS8irEDIA. 

rilOCYONIDAE. 

Ursus  lotor  Limie,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  [).  48.     "  ix 

A:\rERICAE  MAKITIMIS." 

Procyon  lotor  (Linne).  Elliot,  Field  Coliimb.  miis.,  zool.  ser., 
1901,  vol.  2,  p.  317,  fig.  62. 

Procyon  lotor  (Linne).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals,  1902,. 
p.  247-254,  1  pi. 

Deciduous  and  mixed  woods ;    in  hollow  trees. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

URSIDAE. 

71.  Ubsus  americanus  Pallas. 
Black  bear. 

Ursus  americanus  Pallas,  Spicilegia  zoologica,  1780,  fasc.  14, 
p.  5.     ''Amekicam." 

Vrsus  americanus  Pallas.  Elliot,  Field  Columb.  mus.,  zool. 
ser.,  1901,  vol.  2,  p.  313-314,  pi.  34. 

Ursus  americanus  Pallas.  Audubon  &  Eachman,  Quadrupeds 
of  North  Amer.,  1854,  vol.  3,  p.  187-197,  pis.  141,  127. 

Dense  and  secluded  forests  of  northern  Xew  England. 

Me. 

N.  H. —  White  Mountains,  northward. 

Vt. —  Northern  counties. 

Mass. —  Practically  extirpated.     Worthington  (1885);  Savoy 

(1885) ;  North  Adams  (1885)  ;  Agawaum  (1886). 
Conn. —  Extirpated  (Linsley). 

INSECTIVORA.  INSECTIVORA   VERA. 

SORICIDAE. 

72.  SoREx  PERSoNATus  I.  Gcoffrov. 

Common  long  tailed  shre-w;  Masked  shreTv. 


MAMMALIA.  2'J 

INSKCTIVoKA  INSi:(TIV<  »KA    VKHA. 

SOUK  IDAK. 

Sorex  jM'rsnftntiis  I.  (it'oftVoy,  Mi'iii.  inns,  il'liist.  nat..  I'aris, 
IS'iT,  vol.  lo,  )..  \-l-l.     ••  Lks  Ktats-Uxis," 

iSorex  perso/mtufi  I.  (tei>ffr(>y.  Miller,  Xortli  Aint-r.  fauna, 
isg.'),  IK).  1(».  p.  f)3-5().  pi.  A.  tigs.  1,  5-8;  pi.  0,  fig.  7-8. 

Sorej"  pers<nt<itKS  Geoffnty.  Stone  &  Cram.  .\tn«'r.  animals, 
IIMCJ.  p.  1S4-1S(;,  fig.  s  on  pi.  facing  p.    110. 

Cool,  <lamp  wootls  and  swamps. 
Mk.  to  \t. 

-Mass. —  Locally    \n    cedar   swamps    and    cool    l»ogs.       Xortli 
Truro :  Nantucket. 
I{.  I.— Local. 
(\txx. —  Local. 

78.       SnKKX    Fl-Mi:rs   .MiUei'. 

Smoky  shre-w. 

Sorex  fiDiieus  Miller,  North  Amer.  fauna,  1S95,  no.  10.  jt. 
50-52.  pi.  5,  fig.  5;  pi.  »').  figs.  5,  5a.     '•  Pktkkhoiio.  N.  V." 

C'ool   woodlands  among  mossy  rocks  and  logs. 
N.  II. —  White  M(uintains. 

74.      SoijKX    iioYi    Uaird. 

Least  shre^v ;   Hoy's  shre"w. 

Sortx  hni/i  IJainl.  Pacific  railway  rept.,  ls.')7,  vol.  s,  p.  )V1- 
88,  figs,  on  pi.  2x  ;  Sorex  thomjtHoui  IJaird,  ihid.,  p.  84-85,  figs, 
on  pi.  27.     "  Katink,  Wisconsix." 

Sorex  lit nji  Baird.  .Merriani,  North  Anier.  fauna,  1  "^l'.'',  in>.  10, 
]..  H9-90,  pi.  9,  Hg.  5-5c  :   pi.  12.  tig.  4-5. 

Dry  clearings  umler  logs  ;    a  high  northern  species. 

Mk.  —  Norway  ;    Waterville. 

Vt.  —  Burlington  (=  "  .V   t/nnnjn«nii"). 


30  FAUNA    OF   NP:W   ENGLAND. 

INSECTIVOKA.  INSECTIVOKA    VERA. 

SOKICIDAE. 

75.  SoREx  ALHiRAKHis  (Copc.)  ^lerriam. 

Water  shrevir ;   White  lipped  shre^v. 

Neosorex  albibarbis  Cope,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Philadelphia, 
1862,  p.  188.  "Profile  Lake,  in  the  Franoonia  Mountains, 
New  Hampshire." 

Sorex  (dbibarhis  (Cope).  ^Miller,  North  Amer.  fauna,  1895, 
no.  10,  p.  40-47,  pi.  5,  fig.  2 ;   pi.  0,  fig.  l>. 

Sorex  jxilustris  albibarbis  (Cope).  Rhoads,  Mammals  I'enu. 
&  N.  J.,  1903,  p.  191-192,  fig.  on  pi.  7. 

By  cold  forest  streams  and  edges  of  lakes,  in  Canadian  zone. 
Me.  —  Mt.  Katahdin  ;    Lincoln. 

N.  H.  —  White  Mountains  :    Profile  Lake  ;   Bartlett. 
Mass.  —  Warwick. 

76.  Blarina  brevicauda  talpoides  (Gapper.)   Bangs. 

Large  blarina ;  Eastern  short-tailed  shrew;  Eastern 
mole  shre-w. 

Sorex  talpoides  Gapper,  Zool.  journal,  1830,  vol.  5,  p.  202,  pi. 
8.     "  Between  York  and  Lake  Simcoe,"  Ontario. 

Blarina  brevicauda  (Say).  Merriam,  North  Amer.  fauna, 
1895,  no.  10,  p.  10-13,  pi.  1,  fig.  2-4;  \>\.  2,  fig.  1-4. 

Blarina  brericauda  (Say).  Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
1902,  p.  180-183,  fig.  7  on  pi.  facing  p.  110. 

\\\  woods  and  fields  everywhere. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

77.  Blarina  brevicauda  aloga  Bangs. 

Martha's  Vineyard  blarina. 

Blarina  brevicauda  aloga  Bangs,  Proc.  New  England  zool. 
clul),  1902,  vol.  3,  p.  76-77.  "West  Tisbury,  Martha's  Vine- 
yard, Massachusetts." 


MAMMALIA.  31 

IXSKCTIVOKA.  INSECTIVOKA   VKRA. 

ScnUCIDAE. 

Insular. 

Mass.  —  Marlhirs  Vineyanl. 

7S.     Hlaijina    hukvk  Ai  ha  <<)MI'a«  ta  l^angs. 

Nantucket  blarina. 

liUirinii  hrei'iaimhi  contparta  IJangs,  Proc.  New  Knsxlaiul  zuol. 
club,  11*02,  vol.  3,  p.  77-7H.      "Xantu<  KET,  Massa<  mlsetts." 

Insular. 

Mass. —  Islan<l  <»f  Xaiitucket. 

TALl'lDAK. 

79.  ScAi.ors  amt ATicL's  (Liniu''. )  F.  Cuvit-r. 

Eastern  mole  ;  Common  mole. 

.Soixx  ttfjnatic'iii  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10.  17.")>^,  v<>l.  1,  p.  ,")3. 
"IN  America  septexthionali." 

Srii/oj/s  iiijifittiriis  (Linm').  True.  Pmc.  I'.  .S.  nat.  nius.,  isyo, 
vol.  li»,  ]K  19-47,  fig.  4-10,  pi.  1.  tig.  3;  pi.  '2,  tig.  3  ;  pi.  3,  tig.  3. 

Sritltips  aqnaticus  (Linne).  Stone  &  Cram,  Araer.  animals, 
19(fJ,  p.  188-1S9,  tig.  on  \A.  facing  \^.  188. 

Open  lands   of  upper  austral  zone;   tunneling  in  loo.se  soil. 

Mass. —  SpringtieM  ;   Wareliain. 

Conn. 

80.  I'auascalops  hreweki  (naehman.)  True. 

Brewer  s  mole  ;  Hairy  tailed  mole. 

.SVv//oy>.v  A/v //•//•/  IJaelinian,  lloston  journ.  nat.  liist..  1^4'J,  vol. 
4.  p.  3'J.     "Martha's  ^'I.VKVAKl^,"  .Mass.,  (a  jirobable  error). 

pitrn.trnlnps  breireri  ( liaclinian) .  True,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  muK.» 
1^9C.,  V..1.  19,  p.  GX-77,  tig.  19-2(),  pi.  4,  tig.  1-3. 


32  FAUNA   OF   NEW    ENGLAND. 

INSECTIVORA.  INSECTIV(»KA    VERA. 

TALPIDAE. 

Parascalops  brewer i  (Bachman).     Ilhoads,  Mammals  Penn.  & 
N.  J.,  1908,  p.  -204-200,  fig.  on  pi.  s. 

Open  lands   of  Canadian    and    transition    zones,  tunneling  in 
sandy  or  gravelly  soil  ;  sometimes  in  open  woods. 
Me. —  Upton. 

N.  H. —  White  Mountains  and  elsewhere. 
Vt. 
Mass. —  Warwick;  ?  Martha's  Vineyard. 

81.     CoNDYLURA  oRiSTATA  (Linne.)  Desmarest. 

Star-nosed  mole;  Black  mole;   Long-tailed  mole; 
Swamp  mole. 

Sorex  cHstatas  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  53. 
"is  Pexsylvaxia." 

Condi/lum  cristata    (Linne).     True,  Proe.    U.    S.  nat.   mus., 

1896,  vol.  19,  p.  78-98,  fig.  27-38,  pi.  4,  fig.  4-6. 

Condijlnra  cristata  (Linne).     Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 
1902,  p.  190-192,  fig.  on  pi.  facing  p.  188. 

Bottomlands  and  swamps ;    sometimes  in    woods    by  streams 
Lives  in  tunnels  and  runways. 
Me.  to  Coxx. 

CHIROPTERA.  MICROCHIROPTERA. 

VESPERTILIONIDAE. 

82.     Myotis  i.ucifugtjs  (Le  Conte.)  INIiller. 
Little  brown  bat. 

VespertUio  lucifngus  Le  Conte,  McMurtrie's  Cuvier,  Animal 
kingd.,  1831,  vol.  1,  p.  431,  app.    [Southern  Georgia.] 

3Ljotis  lucifngus  (Le   Conte).     Miller,   North    Amer.  fauna, 

1897,  no.  13,  p.  59-63,  figs.  13c,  14b,  14b'. 


MAMMALIA.  33 

CHIUorrEKA.  MR'KOCHIROl'TKHA. 

VKSPKUTILIONIDAK. 

Xoctunial,  spending  tlu'  day  in  caves  or  hollow  trees. 
Mk.  to  Conn. 

h:{.     My«»tis  subllatus  (Say.)  Miller. 

Say's  bat;   Little  brown  bat. 

Vfitju-rtilii)  suhuldttis  Say,  Longs  Exped.  to  iioeky  Mts.,  1SU3, 
vol.  li,  p.  ().T.      "Ahoit  kkmitkkn  milks  akovk  the  conflu- 

KNCE    OK    THAT    TKIBUTAKV   «»K    TIIK   .VrKANSA,  <ALLED  IX  PiKE'S 

MAPS  'Tin:  First  kokk.'" 

Mifotis  suhtilatxx  (Say).  Miller,  X<.rth  Anier.  fauna,  1897, 
no.  13,  p.  75-70,  figs.  13a,  15b,  151)'. 

Vespcrtifio  snfnc/attts  (Say).  DeKay,  Xat.  hist.  New  York, 
1s4l>,  pt.  1,  p.  s  <».  pi.  3,  (ig.\) 

Nocturnal,  spending  ilay  in  caves  and  hollow  trees. 
Mk.  to  Conn. 

84.  Lasionvctekis  NomvAiiANs  (Le  Conte.)  Peters. 
Silver-haired  bat. 

Vesiitrtilin  „nctir,t,/ii,is  Le  Conte,  .Mc.Murtrie's  Cuvier,  Animal 
king.L,  ls;>l.  vol.  I,  p.  431,  app.     [North   America.] 

Litsioinfcterts  norfir<n/ans  (Le  Conte).  Miller,  North  Amer. 
fauna,  ls<»7,  no.  i:;,  p.  8G-87,  tig.  18-19. 

Lii8t(>n;/rteris  uoctirngunx  ( Le  Conte).  Stone  Sc  Cram,  Amer. 
animals,  1902,  p.  ii(HJ-i>U3,  fig.  "J  on  pi.  facing  p.  198. 

Nocttirnal,  spends  day  in  caves ;   feeds  over  ponds  in  woods. 

N.  H.  —White  Mountains. 

Vt. 

Mass.  —  Nantucket;    North  Truro;    AFiddlehoro. 
\\.  \. 

85.  PiiMSTKEi.i.us  suHFi.AVts  ouscuki's  Miller. 

Northern  Georgia  bat:  Dusky  bat. 


34  FAUNA   UF   NEW   ENGLAND. 

CHIKOPTERA.  MICROCHIROPTERA. 

VKSPEUTILTONIDAE. 

Pi])istreUus  siibffavus  obscurt/s  Miller,  North  Amer.  fauna, 
1897,  no.  13,  p.  98  (tigs.  22b,  23b,  of  P.  subflai'xs).  "Lake 
George,  Waruen  County,  X.  Y." 

Nocturnal;  spends  day  in  buildings  and  hollow  trees;  upi»er 
austral  zone. 
■  Me.— (J.  A.  Allen.) 
Mass. —  Concord. 

86.  Yespertilio  fuscus  Beauvois. 

Large  bro"wn  bat ;  House  bat. 

Vespertila  [sic]fascics  Beauv.  Cat.  Peale's  mus.,  Philadelphia, 
1796,  p.  14.     "Philadelphia,"  Pa. 

Vespertilio  fuscus  Beauv.  Miller,  North  Amer.  fauna,  1897 
no.  13,  p.  96-99,  figs.  24b,  25b. 

Vespertilio  fuscus   Beauv.       Stone  &  Cram,  Amer.  animals, 

1902,  p.  200-201,  fig.  3  on  pi.  facing  p.  198. 

Nocturnal ;  spends  day  in   buildings,  caves,  or  on  trees  ;  win- 
ters in  New  England. 
Me.  to  Conn. 

87.  Lasiurus  borealis  (Midler.)     Miller. 

Red  bat;  New  York  bat;  Tree  bat. 

Vespertilio  borealis  Midler,   Natursyst.,  suppl.,  1776,    p.    20. 

["  NORD- AMERICA."] 

Lasiurus  borealis  (Midler).  Miller,  North  Amer.  fauna,  1897, 
no.  13,  p.  105-108,  figs.  27a,  28a. 

Lasiurus   borealis    (Midler).     Lyon,    Proc.    L"".   S.  nat.  mus., 

1903,  vol.  26,  p.  425-426,  pi.  17,  fig.  1-2. 

Nocturnal ;  in  trees  by  day. 
Me.  to  Conn.  . 


MAMMALIA.  35 

CHIKOITKKA.  M  K  K(  •(  IIIKOI'TKK  A  . 

VESrKHTILIoNIDAK. 

^s.      I.  \-.ii  i;r^  I  iNKKKis  (BeauYois.)     11.  Allen. 
Hoary  bat. 

\'>sj>ertilio  cinertitx  Heaiiv.,  Cat.    Peale's  inus.,   riiila<leliihia. 
ITUii.  p.  15.     "  Pkxnsylvam.v  " 

Liiait/nis    riuercKn    (lioaiiv.).       Miller,    Ntntli    Aiiier.    fauna, 
1S97,  no.  i:^,  p.  112-lir>,  Hg.  .-n-'.-J.  \A.  8,  tiir.  4. 

Ve.-<]^rtilli>  pna'nosKs  S;iy.      De   Kay,   Xat.  hist.   New   York, 
\i<4'2,  pt.  1.  p.  7-S,  pi.  li.  liiX.  -J. 

Xocturnal  ;  spcmls  day  in  trees. 
Mk.  to  C'OXN. 


(Occasional  }.lapcrs 

OF  THE 

iloston    ^ocietn    of    llaturul    i)i.^tovi) 

VII. 


FAUiNA  OF   NEW  ENGLAND. 


8. 


LIST  OF  THE  PISCES. 


Hy  WILLIAM  C.  KENDALL. 


BOSTON  : 

rULNTED  FOR  THE  SCX^IETY   FROM    llli: 

CiURDON  S.\LTONSTALL   FrXD. 

Ai'uii..   19()S. 


Myxiiic  j^luiiiiosa 
IN-ir<)iii\ /.(HI  iiiariini> 
uiiicolor 
li'litiiyoiiiy/.un  (••iiicdior 
( 'lilaiiiyiliist'incliius  anj;ui 
Miistfliis  «anis 
(»aU-«t(rnlo  fi;;rimi^ 
I'rioiiaic  ^laina   . 
(  anharhiiMis  oltscuru.s 
inilhcrti 
liiiiltatiis 
S|)liyiiia  7.y«;aiMia 
Al()|)ias  viil|)cs 
rjirt-harias  litloralis 
Isurus  (Ickayi 
Lainiia  corniiliica 
(  arcliarndoM  canliaria^ 
Crtorliimis  inaxiimis 
S(|iialii.s  acaiithias 
( "riitroscymiius  coclolt'pi.N 
(V'litnKsylliuin  ral)ri<ii    . 
Soimiiosus  mitToct'phalus 
K<'hiiiorliiini.s  spinosus 
Scjiiatina  s(|iiatiiia 
Haja  (•ritia(«'a 

occllata 

railiata    .... 

«'j;laiit«Tia 

sv]i\;i        

la^•vi-^  ... 

'r<'troriar««'  ixritlcnlali.s^ 
OiLsyatis  «ciitriira 

lia.stata 
Picroplatra  tnaclura 
MyliiiKatis  frciiiiiiv  illt-i 
Hliiiiit|)tcra  Ixtiia.sM.s 
Acipnisrr  sttirio 

nil)icuiHlus   . 
I)n'vir<)stniiii 

Lrpi.so>t«'lI.s  o.ssi'lls     . 

Aniia  niha      .... 
l''«'li<litliys  iiiarimis 
( ialticlitlivs  fclis 


.M<.   N.H.'  VI.    MuHH.IR.  I.  Conn. 


u 


4- 

4- 


I 


Ameiiirus  lacustris   .     . 

vulgaris    . 

nebulosus 
Carjiiodcs  thoinpsoni    . 
Cato.stomu.s  catostomus 
commersonii 


nigricans 


Me. 


+ 

+ 
+ 


N.H. 


Erimyzon  oblongus 

jNIoxostoma  aureolum 

Chrosomus  ervthrogaster        .... 

Pimephales  notatus 

anuli 

Semotilus  bullaris 

atromaculatus 

Leiiciscus  carletoni        

Phoxinus  ncogaeus 

Abramis  crvsoleuca.s • 

Notropis  bifrenatus 

muskoka 

blennius 

hudsonius 

cornutus    

atherinoides 

rubrifrons  . 

Rhinichthvs  cataractae 

atronasus 

Couesius  ]ilumbeus       + 

Hybopsis  kentuckiensis 

Exoglossum  maxillingua 

Anguilla  chrisypa 

Leptocephalus  conger        

Muraena  retifera 

Tarpon  atlanticus 

Elops  saurus 

Albula  vulpes 

Hiodon  tergisus 

Etrumeus  teres 

Clupea  harengus 

Clupanodon  pscudohispanicus    .     . 

Pomolobus  mediocris 

pseudoharengns  .     . 

aestivalis 

Alosa  sapidissima 


vt. 


Ma.ss.iR.  I.iConn. 


+ 


+    I    + 


+ 


—  1   + 


+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 


+       — 


+ 


—  i    + 


+ 
+ 


—       + 


1 

+ 
+ 

+• 

+ 

+ 

— 



+  I  +  '  +  '  — 


_     .     ,                       ,.                                .  |Me.  iN.H.    Vt.    Mii-ss.  I{.  I.Conn 

Opistlioiiciiia  o^liniim        

Hrcvoortia  tyraimu.s f 

Anchovia  l)n>\viiii 

arj;yr<)|)liunu.s 

niitcliilli . 

Corcpoiius  (niailrilatcralis       ....         i 

(•liipcitorniis 

lahradoriciis 

slaiilcyi         

Arjjyro.sonnis  artt-di 

Salmo  sahir 

srhajjo l 

Cristivoincr  iiaiiiayciisli +      - 

Salvrliims  t"(niiiiialis +  '  • 

ajj{us.sizii        ' 

aurcolus        

<>(|iia.ssa — 

Osmerus  u  ion  lax -f- 

.s|H'ftniiii — 

alihottii j  — 

Arf;ciitiiia  silns '  .  _ 

Tracliiiioccplialiis  iiiy()p.s        .... 

Synodiis  foi-tt'iis        

Maiir(ili<-iis  jM'iiiianti 

Uiuhra  liiiii 

|)vgina<>a 

Esox  anu'ricunus 

rcticiilatns        -|- 

liuiiis 

nias(jiiiu()iif;v         

Funduliis  majali.s 

Iiflcnx'litus — 

dia|)liaiiu.s 

Liicania  parva 

rypriiiodou  varicfjatiis 

'rylosiirns  mariniis 

aciis 

Atlilcnncs  liiaiis         

Ilyporliainplms  rolx-rti 

Kiilrplorliaiiipliiis  vclox 

S((iiiil)crcs(i\  saiinis 

Parcxococtu.s  nicsop^astcr 

PyXonK'tus  volitaiis    . 


+ 


+    I  — 


+ 


+    I  — 
+    I  — 


Exocoetus  rondeletii      .     . 
Cypsilurus  lieterurus     .     . 
furcatus 
gibbifrons    . 
Eucalia  inconstans  .     .     . 
Pungitius  pungitius       .     . 
Gasterosteus  aculeatus  .     . 
atkiiisii     . 
bispinosus     . 
Apeltes  quadracus    .     .     . 
Fistularia  tabacaria       .     . 
Macrorhamphosus  scolopax 
Syngnathus  fuscus         .     . 
Hippocampus  hudsonius   . 
Percopsis  guttatus    .     .     . 
Menidia  beryllina  cerea     . 
menidia  notata    . 
Mugil  cephalus    .... 
curema      .... 
trichodon       .     .     . 
Sphyraena  barracuda    .     . 
guachancho 
borealis 
Polydactylu.s  octonemus    . 
Ammodytes  dubius 

americanus  . 
Holocentrus  ascensionis  . 
Mullus  auratus  .... 
Scomber  scombrus  .     .     . 

japouicus  . 
Auxis  thazard      .... 
Gymnosarda  pelamis    .     . 

alleterata 
Thunnus  tliynnus     .     .     . 
Germo  alalunga 

Sarda  sarda 

Scomberomorus  maculatus 
regal  is 
cavalla     . 
Trichiurus  lepturus       .     . 
Istiophorus  nigricans     . 
Tetrapterus  imperator 
Xiphias  gladius   .... 


Me.    N.ll.     Vl.   Miiss.  K.   I.  Coiili. 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+        — 

+     I   — 


+ 


+ 


+ 

+ 


+ 

+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 

+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 


<  )|i<;n|ilii('s  saiinis  .... 
.Xaiicratcs  diutor  .... 
Scrioja  ZDiiata 

lalaiidi 

(liiiiit-rili   

Dccaptcrus  punrtatus  . 
inacarellus 
'rrafliiiriis  traclniriis 
'rratliiirops  (  ruiin'iioptlialimis 
(araiijrus  l)artli<)l()inaci 


Me.  IN.H.    Vt.    .MU.S.S.  R.  I.  Conn. 


lll|)|)().S 

crysos 
.Mi'ctis  ciliaris       .... 
N'oiiUT  sctapiiinis 

SclcilC   VOIIUT  .... 

( 'liloroscdinhnis  clirvsuriis 
'rra(liiii<iiii>  t'alt'atus 
^oodi'i 


arfjonti'iis 


caroliiius 
Poinatoinus  saltatrix     . 
Racliyocntniii  caiiadus 
Coryphaciia  lii|)piinis    . 
Laiiipris  n-iriiis    .... 
C('iitn»l()|)lius  iiijicr 
Palimiriclitliy.s  percifonnis 
(loliioinonis  {jronovii 
l\'|)riliis  pani       .... 
Poroiiotus  triacaiitlius 
Trtraiiominis  ciixifri 
.Amploplilcs  nipestris    . 
Kiiiu-acaiulius  ohr.siis    . 
Lcpoiiiis  aiiritiis 
I-iiponiotis  ^il)l)o.su.s 
MicropttTU.s  (loloinicii 

salinoidt's 
Stizo.stedioii  vitrt'um 

caiiadcnsc 
P<'r(a  flavcsrciis 
Pcrciiia  caprodrs 
rottopjastcr  cojx'laiidi    . 
Holcosoina  oinistcdi 
liolriclitlivs  fiisiformi.s  . 


+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 


—      + 
+      — 


4- 
+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 


—  :    + 


+ 

+ 

1 

+ 

4- 

+ 

+ 

— , 

+ 

? 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 


Apogon  imberbus     . 
maculatus    . 
Roccus  lineatus    .... 
jSIoronc  americana  . 
Epineplielus  adscensionis 

niveatus    . 

morio  . 
Garrupa  nigrita 
Mycteroperca  bonaci    . 

interstitialis 
Centropristes  striatus    . 
Ryptieus  bistrispinus    . 
Lobotes  surinamensis   . 
Priacanthus  areiiatus    .     . 
Pseudopriacanthus  altus    . 
Lutianus  griseiis 


Me. 

N.H. 

Vt. 

Ma.ss. 

K.  1. 

+ 

+ 
+ 

Conn. 


+ 


+       — 


JOCU         .       . 

apodus 
blackfordii 


anali.s 

Ocyurus  chrysurus  .... 
Stenotoraiis  chrysops     . 
Lagodon  rhomboidcs    . 
Archosargus  probatocephalus 
Eucinostomus  gula        .     . 
Kyphosus  sectatrix 
Cynoscion  regalis      .... 
Larimus  fasciatus     .... 
Sciaenop.s  ocellatu.s 
Leiostomus  xanthurus       .     . 
Micropogoii  undulatus 
Menticirrhus  saxatilis  . 
Pogonias  cromis       .... 
Aplodonotiis  grunnien.s 
Eupomacentrus  leucostictus 
Abiidefduf  saxatilis       .     . 
Tautogolabrus  adspersus  . 

Tautoga  onitis 

Sparisoma  flavescens     .     .     . 
Scarus  croicensis       .... 
Zenopsis  ocellatus     .     .     .     . 
Chaetodipterus  faber    . 
Chaetodon  ocellatus 


+ 

+ 


+ 


+    i  — I  — 


+ 
+ 


+ 


(MiartodoM  capistratus 
'IVutliis  carnilnis 

licpatiis    . 

haliiaims 
Halisti's  caroliiK'HsLs 

f<»ni|»atus    . 

vrtula 
('aiitliidcnnis  S()l)af<> 
Moiiacaiithus  {ilialus    . 
Iiispidiis 
(\'ralacaiitliu.s  sd locpHi 

imiiKtccros   . 
Lac'loplirvs  tri(jiu-t('r 


I  Me.  IN.H.    Vi.    Muss.  H.  I.  Conn. 


trifjoiuis 


tncornis      .... 
Laiinccplialiis  larvifTatiis    . 
SplitTuidi's  .s|K'iiiflcri      .... 
maculatus   .... 
tostudiiieii.s 
tricli()(('j)halu.s 

Diodoii  liy.stri.\ 

Cliilonivctoru.s  schocpH      ... 

Mola  raola 

Sehastcs  maritiiis 

Sc<)rj)aena  pluinicri        .... 
fjrandiconiis      ... 

Arti'dii'llns  atlaiiticu.s 

Tri};l<)p.s  j)iiifr('llii 

Cottiis  fjracilis 

Myo.xocrphalu.s  aeneu.s      .     .     .     , 
sforpius    .     .     .     , 
proenlaiiflicus    . 
()Ct()d((inispino.su.s 
G}Tiinocaiithu.s  tricn.spis    .     .     .     . 
Tlcniitriptcrus  aincricaiuis 
A.spidopliontidcs  ni()ii()|)t('ryp;ius 

Cyclojrtcrus  Iiiin|)u.s 

EumicTotrcnius  .sj)iiio.sii>    .     .     .     , 

Xcoliparis  atlaiiticu.s 

Lipari.s  liparis 

I*ri()iu)tu.s  farf)Iimi.s 

strigafu.s 

rcphalacanthiis  volitan.s    .     .     .      . 


+ 


4- 


-f 
+ 


+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 

4- 


+      — 

4- 

4-      — 

4 


+ 


+ 

4 

-f- 

4 

+ 

Me.    N.Il.i  Vl. 


Gobiosoma  bosci      .     .     . 
Echeneis  naucrates 

naucrateoides 
Remora  reniora  .... 

brachyptcra     . 
Rhombochirus  osteochir    . 

Opsamis  tail 

Pholis  gunnellus 
Leptoclinus  maculatus 
Lumpen  us  lampetrseformis 
Ulvaria  subbifurcata     . 
Cryptacautiiodes  maculatus 
Anarhichas  minor     .     .     . 

lupus 
Zoafces  anguillaris   .     .     . 
Lycodes  rcticulatus 

verrillii  .... 
]Merlucciu.s  bilinearis  .  . 
Pollachius  virens       .     .     . 


Microgadus  tomcod 
Gadus  callarias    .     . 


Melanogrammus  aeglifinus 


Lota  maculosa 

Urophycis  regiiis 

tenuis 

chesteri  .  .  .  .  , 
chuss        .... 

Gaidropsarus  argentatus   . 

Enchelyopus  cimbrius  .     .     .     . 

Brosmius  brosme 

Macrourus  bairdii 

Hippoglossus  hippoglossus     .     . 

Hippoglossoides  platessoides 

Paralichthys  dentatus  .  .  .  , 
oblongus        .     . 

Limanda  ferruginea      .     .     .     , 

Pseudopleuronectes  americanus 

Liopsetta  putnami 

Glyptocephalus  cynoglossus 

Lophopsetta  maculata 

Achirus  fasciatus 

Ivophius  piscatorius       .     .     .     , 

Pterophryne  histrio       .     .     .     . 

Dibranchus  atlanticus 


+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 


lillsS. 

li.  I. 

Conn. 

+ 

+ 

+ 

1 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

1 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

'    + 

+ 

1 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 



+ 

• 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

— 

MAl^SIPORHANCIIII. 

hyper6treti. 

.MVXlNlDAi;. 

1.  Myxine  oi.rTixosA  T.inn^. 

Hagfish:  Borer;  Slime -eel. 

Linn^',  Sy.st.  nat.,  oil.  lU,  17oS,  vol.  1,  j).  GoU.     "In  ( )tEA.\o." 
riootlc   &  Bean,  Oceanic  ichtli.,  1890,  p.  2,  \)\.  1.  fij;.  2.     Jordan 
&  Kverinanii.  ]iu\\.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  inus.,  18UG,  pt.  1,  j).  7. 

Me.— Eastport  (Kendall  coll.  ls<)3);  off  Casco  liay  (Kendall 
coll.). 

X.  11.       Directly  east  from  Portsmouth  (Putnam  1873). 

HYPEROARTII. 
PETROMYZOXIDAE. 

2.  Pi;tho.mvz<».\  .m.vhixu.s  Linne. 
Lamprey;  Lamper-eel. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  2;!().  "i\  M.vri  Euho- 
p.\E(>."  Jordan  &  Everniann,  Bull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  nuis.,  1896, 
pt.  1,  J).  10;    1900,  pt.  4,  fig.  3. 

Pdromi/zon  (tiucricanus  I^^s.ieur.  Storer,  ^lem.  Ainer.  acad., 
■  1807,  vol.  9,  p.  2.-)l.  1)1.  3S,  fig.  4. 

Pctromyzon  nigricans  Ixjsueur.    Storer,  ibid.,  p.  2.>>,  pi.  39,  fig.  6. 

Me. —  Ea.stjjort  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872);  Bucksport  (U.  S.  nat. 
mu.s.  1878);  Brunswick  (Bowdoin  college);  Presump.scot  River 
(Me.  Fish  comni.  1875);  Casco  Bay  (Kendall  1890);  Pi-nobscot 
River  (Kendall  coll.);    Stillwater  (Merrill  coll.  1898). 

X.  II.  -  Mcrrimac  and  Peinigewa.s.set  rivers  (Belknap  17il2  and 
1813);    Merriniac  River  (X.  II.  Fish  comm.  1880). 

Vt.— (Thompson  1842);  Manchester  (X.  II.  Fish  comm.  1891). 

\>rr.  I'Al'Klw  H.  >.  \.  II.      1908.      Vol.  7. 


2  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

HYPEROARTII. 
PETROMYZONIDAE. 

Mass. —  Connecticut  River  at  Northhampton  (Lesueur  1818); 
Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1839);  Merrimac  River,  Lowell 
(Storer,  1839  &  1867;  Lawrence  (Holmes  coll.  B.  S.  N.  H.);  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  1873);  Beverly  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  North  Truro; 
Monomoy  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898); 
Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. —  Providence  River  (DeKay  1842);  Narragansett  Bay; 
Taunton  River  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Hartford;  Stratford;  Stonington;  Housatonic  and 
Connecticut  Rivers  (Linsley  1844). 

3.  Petromyzon  unicolor  (DeKay). 

Lake  lamprey. 

Ammocoetes  unicolor  DeKay,  N.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  [).  383, 
pi.  39,  fig.  250  [larva].     "Lake  Champlain." 

Petromyzon  mar  inns  unicolor  (DeKay)  Jordan  &  Evermann. 
Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  10.  Surface,  4th  rept. 
fisheries,  game,  &  forests  N.  Y.,  18,  1899,  p.  194,  fig.  1,  a,  b. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (DeKay,  1842). 

4.  Ichthyomyzon  concolor  (Kirtland). 

Silvery  lamprey;  Mud-eel;  Blind-eel. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  11. 
Ammocoetes  concolor  Kirtland,  Bost.  journ.  nat.  hist.,  1840,  vol. 
3,  p.  473,  pi.  [larva].     "Mahoning  River;  Scioto  River." 

Vt. —  Winooski  River  (Thompson,  1842). 


PISCKS. 

SHI.AClllI.  UIPLO.SI'ONDM.I. 

CHLAMYDOSELACHIDAE. 

1.  <  HI  \\n  i><>si;i..vciiiLb  ANcjLiNKU.s  Gariuaii. 

Frilled  shark. 

(iurmaii.  liull.  Ksscx.  insi..  |ss4.  vol.  Ki.  |».  17.  ".I.xi'.w." 
Hull.  mus.  coini).  zool.,  iss."),  vol.  12,  p.  1  ii.").  pis.  1  2<).  (Joode 
«!v  Ik'an.  ( )roaiii<-  iciiili.,  ISWC.  j).  .')()S.  pi.  «;.  H^.  _'_>.  .Ionian  & 
Evcnnanu.  Hull.  47,  I  .  .">.  iiat.  imi.s.,  1S*.((;,  pi.  1,  j).  l(i. 

Mi:.       .\.-\v  ilarl.or  [?]  (Ilanna,  1SS.3). 

A.STHRO.SFONIJVLI. 
GALEIDAE. 

2.  Ml.STELlS   CAXLS    (Mitcliill). 
Smooth-hound;  Smooth-dog. 

St()n'r,  Mem.  Aiiicr.  acad..  1S(»7,  vol.  '.».  p.  227.  pi.  .17,  lij;.  2,  2a. 
.Ionian  &  Evennaiui,  Hull.  17,  I  .  .'^.  nal.  mus.,  l.s*>(»,  pf.  1,  p.  20. 

Squalu.s  ra»/.v  Mitcliill.  'I'raiis.  lil.  cV  pliilos.  .soc.  .\.  \'.,  1S15, 
vol.  I,  ]).  1S(;.     "Xkw  Vohk." 

M  \s.s. —  Provinci'town;  IIoluics  II<)I(>  (Storor  1S()7);  Wacpioit 
(Lyman  1S72);  Salem  ((Joodr  \-  Hcan  1S7U);  North  'I'ruro; 
Monomoy;  Menem.sha  Higlit  (Kendall  coll.  iSiKi);  Woods  Hole 
(Haird  1S7:J;  Bean  ISSO  and  .Smith  1.S9S);  Nantucket  (Sharp  c^ 
Kowlcr  l'.l()4);  Ma.s.sachu.setts  Hay  (H.  S.  N.  11.,  Horland  c.ll.). 

i{.  1.  (DeKay  1S42);  Narra^ansctl  Hay  (H.  I.  Fish  <(>mm. 
Js'.KIJ;    Conimiciit   (Ho|)ecoll.   1S<I4  <>7). 

Cow.-  Stratford  (Linslry  1S44):  No.ink;  X.upmi  ,  H.an 
ISSO). 

."{.     (Iai.kockkdo  TKiltiMs  .Miillcr    \    llcnie. 

Tiger  shark. 

Miillcr  ^:  Ilcnle.  HIapostomcn.  ISU.  p.  ."/.I.  |)1.  2;{. 
Jordan  &  F^vermann.  Hull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  mus.,  ls!»(l,  pt.  1,  j).  ;i2. 


4  FAUNA  OF  XEW  ENGLAND. 

SELACHII.  ASTEROSPONDYLI. 

GALEIDAE. 

^L\ss. —  Provincetow-n  [?]  (Atwood  1865);   Woods  Hole  (Baird 
1S73);  Vineyard  Sound  and  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898). 

4.  Prioxace  GL-A.rcA  (Linne). 

Great  blue-shark. 

Jordan  &  Evermanu,  Bull.  47.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  33; 
1900,  pt.  4.  pi.  4,  5,  fig.  16,  16a. 

Sqiiahts  glaiicus  Linne,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1.  p.  235. 

"iX  OCEAXO  EUROPAEO." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  & 
Fowler  1904). 

5.  Carcharhixus  obscurus  (LeSueur). 

Dusky  shark;  Shovelnose. 

Jordan  «Sc  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  31. 

Squahis  obscurus  LeSueur,  Joum.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1818, 
vol.  1,  p.  223,  pi.  9,  figs,  1,  2,  3,  4  &  5.     "  New  York." 

Carcharias  obscurus  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867, 
vol.  9,  p.  219,  pi.  36,  fig.  2. 

]Mass. —  Xahant  (Storer  1839  &  1847);  Provincetowai  (Storer 
1867);  Waquoit  (L\-man  1872);  Massachusetts  Bay  (Goode  & 
Bean  1879);  Woods  Hole  (Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898);  Nantucket 
(Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899). 

Cox-x.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

6.  Carcharhixts  milberti  (Miiller  &  Henle). 

Blue  shark. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  37. 

Carcharias  (Prioiiodon)  milberti  Muller  &  Henle,  Plagiostomen, 

1841,  p.   38,   pi.    19,    fig.   3  (teeth).     "  Im  Mitteoieer  lxd  im 

OCEAX." 


TLSCES.  5 

SELACHI I .  ASTEROSPOXDYLI. 

C.ALEIDAE. 

iMinn'a  raiuUita  L)r  Kay,  N.  V.  fauna.  1S42,  |>t.  4.  p.  .^54,  pi.  (i2, 
HiT.  20.-). 

M.\.s.s.—  W.Mxls  Hole  (Hainl  lS7o  and  Smith  1898). 
R.  I.—  Hrenton  Reef  (DeKay  1842). 

7.  Cauciiakhi.nus  limbatus  (Miiller  &  Ilenle). 
Spotted-fin  shark. 

Jordan  &  Evennann.  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  i>t.  1,  p.  40. 
Carcharias  (Prionodon)  limbatus  ^liilkr  i>:  Ilenle,  Plagiostomen, 
1841,  p.  49.     "Martimqie." 

M.vss.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

SPHYRXIDAE. 

8.  Sphykna  zygaena  (Linn^). 
Hammerhead  shark;  Hammerhead. 

Jordan  &:  Evennann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p.  45. 

Squahts  zifgacna  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  234. 
"Eiropa;  America." 

Zi/gacua  malleus  Val.  Storer,  Mem.  Ainer.  aead.,  1807,  vol.  9, 
p.  238,  pi.  38,  %.  3. 

Mass.—  Holnu\s  Hole  (Storer  18;}9) ;  Chatham ;  Cape  Cod  (Storer 
1842);  Holme.s  Hole  (Storer  1842  and  1807);  Chatham;  Province- 
town  (Storer  184N);  Wmxls  Hole  (Bainl  1873  and  Smith  1898); 
Nantucket  (Sharp  and  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.—  Xarratransett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899). 

Coxx.— Xoank  ((ioode  1879). 

ALU1'11U.\E. 

9.  Au)iMAS  viLPES  (Cimelin). 

Thresher;  Thrasher;  Swingle -tail;  Swivel-tail. 

Jordan  &  Evennann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  raus.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p.  45; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  0.  fi^.  20. 


6  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

SELACHII.  ASTEROSPONDYLI. 

ALOPIIDAE. 

Squaliifi  rulpes  Gmelin,  Syst.,  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  p.  1496. 
"Mediterranean." 

CarcJiarias  vulpes  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1807,  vol.  9, 
p.  221,  pi.  36,  %.  3. 

Me.^ — Eastport  (Kendall  coll.  1893);  East  of  Matinicus  and 
off  Monhegan  (Kendall  coll.  1895). 

Mass. —  Nahant  (Storer  1839);  Eastside  of  Boston  Harbor 
(Jackson  1852);  Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1867);  Provincetown 
(Atwood  1865);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  Vineyard  Sound; 
Menemsha  Bight;  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp 
&  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.^  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899). 

Conn. —  Stonington  (Linsley  1844). 

CARCHARIIDAE. 
10.     Carcharias  littoralis  (Mitchill). 

Sand  shark;  Shovel  nose  shark;  Dogfish  shark. 

Squalus  littoralis  Mitchill,  Amer.  month,  mag.  &  crit.  rev.,  1818, 
vol.  2,  p.  328.     "New  York." 

Carcharias  griseus  Ayres.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.-,  1867,  vol. 
9,  p.  217,  pi.  36,  fig.  1. 

Carcharias  littoralis  (Mitchill).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  46. 

Me.— Casco  Bay  at  Small  Point  (Kendall  coll.  1896). 

Mass.— Lynn  (Storer  1842  and  1842)  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872); 
Boston  Bay  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Cutting  coll.);  Provincetown;  Nantucket 
(Goode  1884);  Provincetown  (Storer  1843?);  North  Truro;  Mon- 
omoy;  Menemsha  Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1896) ;  Woods  Hole  (Baird 
1873;  Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L — Narragansett  Bay  at  Conimicut  (Pope  coll.   1894-97). 


I'LSCEti.  7 

SELACHII.  ASTKROSPONDVLI. 

LAMNIDAE. 

11.  ISURUS  DKKAYI   (Gill). 

Mackerel  shark. 

Junhiu  tl^:  Kvenuaiiii,  lUill.  47,  IJ.S.  iiul.  luiis..  iS'.Mi,  i.t.  1.  p. 
48,  10(K);  pt.  4,  pi.  <i,  fi<r.  21. 

I.tump.ti.s  (Ickaiji  Gill,  Aim.  lyr.  nat.  hist.  X.  \  ..  jsiil,  vol.  7, 
p.  4(H). 

Lamna  punrfata  Mitchill.  Storer,  Report,  ISii!!,  p.  IS."),  pi.  .i, 
fij?.  2. 

Me.—  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  Nat.  Mu.s.  1S73). 

M.\ss.— "In  our  hay"  (Storer  183^));  Marshfi(>I(l  (Storer  1S89); 
Woods  Holi'  (Baird  1873);  Vineyard  Sound;  Buzzards  Bay  (vSmith 
18'.»S);  Xaiitucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  1. —  Tiverton;  Point  Juditii  (U.  S.  nat.  inus.  1887);  Xarra- 
gan.sett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  conini.  1S<)9). 

Conn-. —  Oyster  River;  Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

12.  Lamna  cohntbica  (Gmelin). 
Mackerel  shark;  Blue  shark. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mu.s.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  49; 
19()(),  pt.  4,  pi.  6,  fig.  22. 
SqitaliiM  cornubinui  Gmelin,  Sy.st.   nat.,    178S,   vol.    I,   p.    1197. 

"SflORE.S  OF  CORVWALL." 

Lamna  punctata  Mitchill.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  aea<l.,  1867, 
vol.  9,  p.  22."),  pi.  ;i7.  h>r.  1. 

Mk.— Ort"  Monhegan  (Storer  18()7;  Kendall  eoll.  1895);  Oisco 
Bay  (Bowdoin  College);  ott'-f'aix'  Elizabeth  (Xorton  coll.   190.5). 

Mas.s. —  Provinretown  (.Storrr  18(17);  off  Glourest(>r  ((ioodc  &' 
Bean  1879). 

R.  I.—  (Traey  I9()(lj. 

13.  ('\KCHAiU)i>o\  carcharia.s  (Limi^). 
Maneater;  Great  white  shark. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  L".  S.  nat.  inus.  1S9(1,  pt.  1,  p.  50. 


8  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

SELACHII.  ASTEROSPONDYLI. 

LAM  NI  DAE. 

Squalus  carcliarias  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  p.  235.     "Eu- 

ROPA." 

Carcliarias  ativoodi  Storer.  Store r,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867, 
vol.  9.  p.  222,  pi.  36,  fig.  4. 

Me.— Eastport  (Goode  1884). 

Mass.— Provincetown  (Storer  1848  and  1854,  1867);  Waquoit 
(Lyman  1872);  Massachusetts  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898). 

CETORHINIDAE. 

14.  Cetorhixus  m.vximus  (Gunner). 
Basking  shark;  Bone  shark. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1891,  pt.  1,  p.  51; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  7,  fig.  23. 

Squalus  maximus  Gunner,  Trondhjem  selskabskr,  1765,  vol.  3, 
p.  33.     "Coast  of  Norway." 

Selachus  maximus  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867,  vol.  9, 
p.  229,  pi.  37,  fig.  3. 

Me.— Oft'  Cape  Elizabeth  (Storer  1867);  Eastport  (Verrill 
1870). 

Mass.— Provincetown  (Mitchill  1815  and  Storer  1839,  1840  and 
1867). 

CYCLOSPONDYLI. 
SQUALID  AE. 

15.  Squalus  acanthias  Linne. 
Dogfish. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  233.  "Is  Oceano 
EuROPAEO."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1896,  pt.  1,  p.  54;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  8,  figs.  24,  24a. 


PISCES.  9 

SELAC'I  III.  CYCLOSPONDYLI . 

SQUALinXi:. 

Acanthias  amcricanu.t  Storcr.  Storcr,  Mem.  .\im  r.  acail.,  18(37, 
vol.  9,  p.  232,  pi.  38,  figs.  1.  la. 

Me. —  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  imis.  1872;  Boan  1880);  Matinicus; 
Isle  au  Haute;  Stockton  Springs;  Searsport;  Gotts  Island;  Mt. 
Desert  Rock;  Sandy  Point  (Evermann  1903);  Casco  Bay  (Bow- 
doin  College;    Kendall  coll.). 

Mass.— (Storer  1S4(;)  West  Yarmouth  (Lyman  18G1); 
Pro\  incetown ;  Massachusetts  Bay;  Marthas-Vineyard  (Storer 
1807);  Wacpioit  (Lyman  1872);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean 
1880  and  Smith  1898);  (Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  Nantucket  (Sharp 
&  Fowler  1904). 

U.  I.— (Tracy  lUOC)). 

10.     Centroscymn'US  roELOLEPis  Bocage   &  Cai>ello. 

Bocage  &  Capello,  Proc.  zool.  .soc.  London,  1804,  p.  203,  fig.  4. 
"Portugal."  .Ionian  &  Evermaim,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1890,  pt.  1,  p.  5.5;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  8,  fig.  2.5. 

M.vss. —  Off  Gloucester  (Jordan   &:  Evermann  1890). 

17.  Centroscyllium  fabrkii   (Reinhardt). 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p. 
50;   1900,  i)t.  4,  pi.  8,  fig.  20. 

Spinax  jabricii  Reinhardt,  Dansk.  vid.  selsk.  forh.,  1828,  vol.  3, 
p.   14.     "Greenland." 

Ma.ss. —  Off  Gloucester  (Bean  1880  and  Jordan  &  Evermann 
1890). 

S(JMNIOSIDAE. 

18.  SoMNio.srs  MirnocFPiiALrs  (Bloch    <S:  Schnei<ler). 

Sleeper  shark;  Nurse. 

Jordan  &  tlvermann.  Bull.  47.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  |)t.  1,  |).  57. 
S(ju(ilu.t  microccphalus  Bloch   &  Schneitier,  Syst.  ichth.,  1801,  p. 
135.     "Northern  Seas." 


10  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

SELACHII.  CYCLOSPONDYLI. 

SOMNIOSIDAE. 

Scymnus  brevipiiina  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867, 
vol.  9,  p.  235,  pi.  38,  fig.  2. 

Me.— Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872);  off  Portland  Wood 
184G);   Portland  (Goode  &  Bean  1896). 

Mass.— Marblehead  (LeSueur  1818);  Coast  of  Massachusetts 
(Kneeland,  1847);  Nahant  (Storer  1849  and  1867);  Province- 
town  (Storer  1848  and  1867). 

ECHINORHINIDAE. 

19.  EcHiNORHiNUS  SPiNosus  (Gmelin). 

Goode  &  Bean,  Oceanic  ichth.,  1896,  p.  8,  pi.  3,  fig.  9.  Jordan 
&  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  4,  58. 

Sqiialus  spinosus  Gmelin,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  p.  1500.  "The 
Ocean." 

Mass. —  Provincetown  (Goode  &  Bean  1879  and  1896). 

SQUATINIDAE. 

20.  Squatina  squatina   (Linne). 
Angelfish;  Monkfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  5S. 

Squalus  squatina  Linne,  Syst,  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  233. 
"In  Oceano  Europaeo." 

Squatina  dumerili  DeKay,  N.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  p.  363,  pi.  62, 
fig.  203. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole   (Baird   1873)   Menemsha  Bight    (Smith 

1898). 

BATOIDEI. 
RAJIDAE. 

21.  Raja  erinacea  Mitchill. 
Little  skate;  Bonnet  skate. 

Mitchill,  Amer.  journ.  sci.,  1825,  vol.  9,  p.  291.     "New  York 


,  " 


I'ISCKS.  1 1 

SELACHII.  HATUIDEI. 

HAJIDAE. 

.Ionian    t!v:  Kvrnnaiiii,  Bull.  47,  L.  S.  iiat.  iiui>.,  IMMi,  pt.  1.  p.  (»S; 
I'JOO.  pi.  I,  pi.  \),  fi«r.  2!l. 

Raid  (liaplianr.-i  Mitcliill.  Siorcr,  Mnii.  Aiiut.  acad.,  l.S(17,  vol. 
9,  p.  240  [in  part],  pi.  :i\),  H<r.  1  r 

Me. —  Kastport  (U.S.  nat.  hiiin.,  1.s72):  ('nsci.  Hay  fni>\\i|nin 
College;   Kriidall  coll.). 

Mass. —  Provincotown ;  Xaliaiit;  Charles  River  (Storer  1S03); 
Mussaclui.setts  Bay  (B.  S.  N.  II..  ("uttiiiji;  coll.);  Wafpioit  (Lyman 
1S72);  Xorlli  Trnro;  Mononioy;  Meneni.slia  Bight  (Kendall  coll. 
1S*)());  Woods  Hole:  Provincetown,  Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  187;i  and  Smith  1S9S);  Nantucket  (Sharp  c^-  Fowler 
li)04). 

U.  I.  -  Xarragansett  Bay  (K.  I.  Fish  ((iniiii.  1899);  Coniniicut 
(Pope  coll.   1894-97). 

Cow. —  Mouth  Connecticut  River  (Garman  1874);  Xoank 
(Bean  1880)  Long  Island  Sound,,  ott"  Bridgejjort;  off  Stratford  and 
Middle  Ground  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  off  S.  W.  Ledge;  off  Brand- 
ford  Beacon;    off  Faulkncrs  Island  (Kendall  coll.  1892). 

22.      R  A.I  A  <)(F.u.AT.\   Mitchill. 
Big  skate ;  Winter  skate. 

Mitchill,  Trans,  lit.  &  philos.  soc.  X.  Y.,  181.").  vol.  1.  p.  477. 
"Xkw  Vouk."  -Ionian  c^'  Evermami,  Bull.  47.  V.  S.  nat.  mus., 
189G,  i)t.  1,  |).  (iS;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  10,  fig.  50. 

Raia  diaphane.s  Mitchill.  .Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  18(17,  vol. 
9,  p.  240  [in  part]. 

Me.— Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1872);  Pordand  Goode  & 
Bean  1879);  Smallpoint,  Ca.sco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.  189()). 

M.\.ss.— Provincetown  (Storer  186.3);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872); 
Nahant  ((Jarman  1874);  Woods  Hole;  Provincetown;  (Gloucester 
(Bean  1880);  North  Trun);  Monomoy  (Kendall  <-ol|.  1S90); 
Woods  Hole  (Bainl  187.3  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Xarragansett  Bay  (Tracy  190G). 


12  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

SELACHII.  BATOIDEI. 

RAJIDAE. 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1843?);  Long  Island"  Sound,  off 
Bridgeport  and  Stratford  (Kendall  coll.  1890). 

23.  Raja  hadiata  Donovan. 
Prickly  skate. 

Donovan,  Hist.  Brit,  fishes,  1808,  vol.  5,  p.  94,  pi.  "Great 
Britain."  Goode  &  Bean,  Oceanic  ichth.,  1896,  p.  508,  pi.  9, 
fig.  27.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896, 
pt.  1,  p.  69. 

Me. —  Casco  Bay  (Portland  soc.  nat.  hist.). 

Mass.— Xahant  (Garman  1874);  Annisquam  (B.  S.  X.  H.); 
Salem;  Gloucester;  Provincetown  (Bean  1880);  Woods  Hole 
(Bean  1880  &  Smhh  1898). 

Conn.—  New  London  [?]  (Linsley  1844);  Xoank  (B.  S.  X.  H., 
Hyatt  &  Rathbun  coll.). 

24.  Raja  eglanteria   (Bosc). 
Briar  skate. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  71. 

Raia  eglanteria  Bosc.  Lacepede,  Hist.  nat.  poissons  1800,  vol.  2, 
p.  103.     "Charleston,  S.  C." 

?  Raja  occUata  De  Kav,  X.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pr.  4,  p.  369,  pi.  65, 
fig.  212. 

Mass. —  Penikese  Island  (Garman  1874);  Gloucester;  Province- 
town  (Bean  1880);  Menemsha  Bight  (Smith  1898). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844);  Xoar>k  (B.  S.  X.  H.). 

25.  Raja  sexta  Garman. 

Garman,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1885,  vol.  8,  p.  43.  "Cape 
Cod  Bay."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1896,  pt.  1,  p.  71. 

Mass.—  Cape  Cod  Bay  (Garman  1885). 


risc'Es.  1  :i 

SELAC'IIII.  HATOIDKI. 

KA.MDAi:. 

20.     Kaja  i.viMs  Mitiliill. 

Barndoor  skate. 

Mitihill,  AiiK  T.  iiioiiili.  m;i};.  »5c  crit.  rev.,  1817,  vol.  2,  p.  327. 
"Nkw  ^(t|{K."  (ioodr  (.S:  Hcjin,  (  )<t':iiiic  ichtli.,  IS'.lf),  j).  2S, 
j)l.  \i,  fi^.  2'.l.  .Ionian  «!v  Kvcniiaiiii,  Bull.  17,  1  .  S.  iiat.  iims., 
ISyO,  i>t.  1,  J).  71. 

J{aia  laeris  Mitcliill.  Slurcr,  ^Icm.  Aiikt.  luad..  1S07,  vol.  '.», 
p.  242.  pi.  :V.K  fijr.  2. 

Mk. —  Eastport   (l'.  S.   iiat   inus.,   1S72);    Casco  Ray   (Kriidall 

coll.  isor.). 

Mas.s.^  New  Ht-(lfonl  (Ston-r  ISH'.I);  Massaclmsctts  Hay 
(Storer  1S()3;  Gannan  1S74);  Wacpioit  (layman  1S72);  Woods 
Hole  (Haird  1873  and  Smith  ISOS);  Xaiitucket  (Siiarj)  c^-  Fowler 
1904). 

K.  I.— (Traey  190(5). 

CoNX.— (Linsley  1S44);  Xoank  (Goode  1S79). 

XARCOB.\TIDAE. 

27.       'rKTKONAUCK    OCCIDK.NTAl.l.S    (StoltrV 

Torpedo;  Numbfish;  Crampfish. 

.Ionian  <ls:  Kverniann,  Bull.  47,  I  .  S.  nai.  uiu.s.,  l.S9(l.  |)t.  1,  j). 
77;  19(H),  pt.4.  ])1.  ll.fi^.  33. 

T(trp4ul()  orcideuialis  Storer,  Auut.  journ.  sii.,  1S43,  vol.  4  1,  p. 
10"),  pi.  3.  "MA.ssAciirsKrrs."  Mem.  Ainer.  acad.,  1S()7,  vol. 
9,  p.  247,  J)].  39,  fip.  o. 

Me. —  OfT  Sffjuin;    ("asco  Bay  (Sniitli   cSc  Kendall  1S97). 

Mas.s. —  Truro  (Storer  1S39);  Chilinark  W  nules  fn)ni  (Jay  II«ad 
(Storer  1S47);  Provineetown  (Storer  1S43,  lS4r),  1S4.')I)  and  1S()3); 
\V<ll(leet  (Storer  18.39,  1843?,  1843  and  1803).     Tliatehers  Island; 


14  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

SELACHII.  BATOIDEI. 

NARCOBATIDAE. 

I>anesville  (Gootlc  &  Bean  1879);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and 
Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  comra.  1899);  off  Sakonnet 
(Tracy  19()(i). 

CoNX. —  Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

DASYATIDAE. 

28.  Dasyatis  centrura  (Mitchill). 

Sting  ray ;  Stingaree ;  Clam-cracker. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  83. 

Raja  cenirura  Mitchill  Trans,  lit.  and  philos.  soc.  N.  Y.,  1815, 
vol.  1,  p.  479.     "Coast  of  Long  Island." 

Pastinaca  hastata  DeKay.  Storer,  ]\Iem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867, 
vol.  9,  p.  244.  pi.  39,  fig.  3. 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1842,  1842,  and  1863);  Chatham 
(Storer  1857  and  1863);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898). 
R.  I. —  Narragansett  Ba.v  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899). 
Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

29.  Dasyatis  hastata  (DeKay). 

Sting  ray. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  83. 
Pastinaca  hastata  DeKay,  N.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  p.  373,  pi. 
65,  fig.  214.     "Rhode  Island." 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer   1842);    Chatham  (Storer  1858). 
R.  I.—  (DeKay  1842). 

30.  Pteroplatea  maclura   (LeSueur). 

Butterfly  ray. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p.  86. 
Raja  vuichira  LeSueur,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1817,  vol. 
1,  J).  41,  pi.  [1],  figs.  1,  2,  a,  b,  c.     "Newport,  R.  I." 


I'LSCES.  l.j 

SELACMII.  HATOIDEI. 

DASYATIDAi:. 

I'dstiitani  itiarliirn  Ia'Siumii-.  DiKay,  N.  \.  fauna,  IMJ.  pi.  I, 
|).  ;{7."),  |»1.  ().'),  fi;;.  2l."i. 

M\^^.   -\ViM.(l>  Hole  (Bainl  1S73  and  Sniitli  IS'.IS). 
K.    1.      Nfwport  LeSiu'ur  ISIT;    Dr  Kay   IMJ);    Narragansctt 
liay  (K.  I.  Fish  conim.  1S99). 

Conn. —  Saybrook;    New  Haven  (Linsley  lS4i). 

MYLIOBATIDAE. 

'M.       Mvi.IOUATIS  FREMIW  Il.I.I'.I   LcSlKMir. 

Eagle  ray. 

LeSueur,  .lourn.  acail.  iial.  ><•!.  IMiil..  isjl,  vol.  \,  p.  111. 
"Rhode  Island."  Jordan  &  Everniann.  IJull.  17,  I  .  .'^.  nat. 
nnis.,  iS'.lli,  pi.  I,  p.  S9. 

Mi/liofxitis  (ifiitd  Ayres.  Storer,  Mem.  .Vmer.  acad.,  1S(;7,  vol. 
9,  |).  24."),  j)l.  :i9,  fig.  4. 

M.K.S.S.  ^Ilolme.s  Hole  (Storer  1S41,  1S42.  and    lSfi3);  Wacpioit 
(Lyman  Is72);   Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S78  and  Smith  1S9S). 
H.  I.—  (I^Sueur  1824);  Narragan.sett  Bay  (Tracy  19(M)). 
Conn.— (Ayre-s  1841;    Linsley  1844);    Xoank  (Garman  188.5). 

;j2.      lvllI\()l>TKI{A    HOXA.SU.S   (Mitcliill). 
Cow-nose  ray. 

Jordan  <S:  Kvcnnann.  Bull.  47,  l'.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  |S9(),  pt.  1,  p.  90. 

Rajfi  l))n(i.s-iis-  Mitchill,  Trans.- III.  &  philos.  soc.  \.  V.,  ISI.'). 
vol.  1,  p.  479.     "Xkw  York." 

RJilnopU'm  (iiifidrilnhd  Iy<'Sueur.  l)('kay,  N.  \.  fauna,  1842, 
pf.  4,  p.  .■^7.').  pi.  (■»('),  fig.  217. 

Mas.s.  -  Wood-  Hole  (Baird  1S7.'5  and  Sinilh  1S!>S);  Xaiuuckel 
(Sharp    &   Fowler  1901). 

\l.  1.  Xarraganselt  Bay  (K.  1.  Fish  comm.  1899);  oil"  Block 
Island  (Tra.y  I9()C.). 

Cow.      Stratford  (Linslrv   l.s44). 


16  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  CHONDROSTEI. 

ACIPENSERIDAE. 

33.  AciPENSER  STURio  Linn6. 
Common  sturgeon. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  175S,  vol.  1,  p.  237.  "]Mari  Europaeo." 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  105; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  20,  fig.  45. 

Acipenser  oxyrhmchus  INIit chill.  Store r,  ]Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1863,  vol.  8,  p.  431,  pi.  35,  fig.  4. 

Me. —  Kennebec  River  (Storer  1863) ;  Androscoggin  River 
(Atkins  1887);  Cathance  River,  tributary  of  Kennebec  (Kendall 
coll.  1901);  Penobscot  River  and  Bay  (Evermann  1903). 

Mass. —  Charles  River  at  Watertown  (Storer  1839) ;  Deer 
Island  (Storer  1842);  outside  Boston  Harbor;  Truro  (B.  S.  N.  H.); 
Provincetown  (Storer  1863);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  .Merrimac 
River  at  Lawrence  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Monomoy  (Kendall 
coll.  1896);  Menemsha  Bight;  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith 
1898);   Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L — Narragansett  Bay  (R.  L  Fish  comm.  1899);  off  Sakon- 
net;  off  Quonset;  Block  Island  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844). 

34.  Acipenser  rubicundus  LeSueur. 

Lake  sturgeon;  Stone  sturgeon;  Rock  sturgeon. 

LeSueur,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc,  1818,  vol.  1,  p.  388,  pi.  12. 
"Lakes  Ontario,  Erie,  and  all  the  upper  lakes."  Jordan 
&  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  100;  1900. 
pt.  4,  pi.  21,  fig.  46. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Thompson  1842;  Evermann  &  Kendall 
1894);    (Storer  1842). 

35.  Acipenser  brevirostrum  LeSueur. 
Short-nose  sturgeon. 

LeSueur,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc,  1818,  vol.  1,  p.  390.     "Dela- 


riscKs.  1 7 

TKLKO.^TOMI.  CHONDROSTEI. 

ACIPENSERIDAE. 

WAKK  UiVKK.  "     Jordan    &  Everniami,  Hull.    17.  I  .  S.  iiat.  inus., 
1S9G,  |>i.   I.  i*.   l()(i. 

Mass.—  Boston  Harl)()r[':']  (Dtirkor  IS.')."));  Waquoit  [?]  (Lyman 
1S72);     Kockport    ['!]    ((ioo(k'    ^:    Hc-an    1S7'.»);     Woods   Ilok-   [?] 
(Haird  lS7:i  and  Sniitli  IS'.IS). 
H.  !.—[?]  (Tracy  1! »()()). 

HHOMHOGANOIDEA. 
LEPISOSTEIDAE. 

3G.     Lkpisosteus  o.sseus  (Linne). 
Gar;  Gar-pike. 

Jordan  &  Evorniann,  Bull.  47  U.  .'^.  nat.  inus.,  ISOG,  pt.  1,  |). 
109. 

E.fox  oa.srus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  I'd.  ID,  17.jS,  vol.  1,  j).  313.     "  A.MEK- 

U:\   SEI'TENTKIO.VALr,    AsiA." 

Lepimateu.s  lincatus  Thompson,  Hist.  Vermont,  1S42,  p.  145, 
fig.  [\ounfr]. 

Lepisosiexis  hiton  DcKay,  X.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  p.  271,  pi. 
43,  fig.  139. 

Vt. —  Lake  Chami)lain;  Winooski  River  (Thompson  1842); 
(Storer   1842). 

CYCLOGAXOIDEA. 
AMIIDAE. 

37.     Amia  calva  Linn^"'. 

Mudfish;  Dogfish;  Bowfish;  Grindle. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17G6,  vol.  1,  |).  .')()().  'Taromxae 
AQlis  DULCIHUS,  VAHlus  ESCTLEXTts."  Jordan  dv  Kvemiann, 
Bull.  47,  r.  S.  nat.  mus.,  189r..  yi.  1.  p.  113;  19()().  pt.  4,  pi.  22, 
fig.  .-il. 

Amia  ocellicaiula  Thomp.son,  Hist.  A'ermont.  Appendix,  1842, 
p.  35. 


18  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  CYCLOGANOIDEA. 

AMIIDAE. 

Vt. —  ^Vhitehall,  Otter  Creek;  Lake  Champlain;  AYinooski  River 
(Thompson  1853). 

NEMATOGNATHI. 
SILURIDAE. 

38.  Felichthys  marinus  (Mitchill). 
Gaiftopsail  cat. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
118;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  23,  fig.  52. 

Silurus  marinus  Mitchill,  Trans.  lit.  &  pliilos.  .soc.  N.  Y.,  1815, 
vol.  1,  p.  433.     "New  York." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  New  Bedford  (Goode  1879); 
Menemsha  Bight  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Brentons  Reef  (Tracy  1906);  Newport  (B.  S.  N.  H. 
Powell  coll.). 

39.  Galeichthys  fells  (Linne). 
Sea  catfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  128; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  23,  fig.  52. 

Silurus  fells  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  503.  "Car- 
olina." 

Mass.— Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Narragansett  Bay  (R.  L  Fish  comm.  1899). 

40.  Ameiurus  lacustris  (Walbaum). 

Great  forked-tail  cat;  Mathemeg. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  137. 
Gaclus  lacustris  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  144.     "Arctic 
America." 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain;  Winooski  River  (Thompson  1842); 
Lake  Champlain  at  S wanton  (Evermann  &  Kendall  1894). 


PISCES.  '  1  'J 

Tl :LE0.ST0.MI .  NEM ATOGNAl  111 

siijhidm:. 

41.  AMKirnfs  \ii.f;Aijis  'riioinpson. 

Bullhead. 

.I(»nlan  <S:  Kvorinami,  Hull.  17,  l'.  S.  iiat.  imis..  ISOO.  pi.  1,  p.  I  K). 

Pimclodus  rulgari.'i  Thuinp.soii,  Ili.st.  Vermont,  1S4l',  |).  K!s. 
"L.\KK  Ch.\mpiai\."  Jordan.  Bull.  10,  U.  S.  nat.  nui.s.,  ISTT,  p. 
88,  pi.  is.  fif,'.  ;«:  j.l.  ]'.).  Hjr.  ;{4. 

Vt. —  Lake  (Miamjilain  ('riioin|).son  1842). 

42.  A.MKiLULs  NKHULO.sus  (LoSueur). 
Bullhead;  Hornpout;  Minister. 

.Ini<|;iii  c^-  Evermann,  Hull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.imis.,  IS'.KI,  |)i.  I,  p.  140. 
I'lmelodu.s  nchulosus  LeSiniir.  Mem.  mus.,   I  si',),  vol.  ,"),  p.   140. 

"  L.\KK  ().\T.\KIO." 

IHmrlodus  atrarius  DeKay.  Storer,  ]Mem.  .\iiier.  aead.,  lS.j.5, 
vol.  .").  j).  270.  1)1.  20.  fitj.  ::!. 

Mk. —  Almost  evervwhere  common.  Sebafjo  Lake  and  outlet 
(H.  S.  X.  IL.  Putnam  coll.);  St.  Croix;  St.  Johns;  Union  Penob- 
.scot;  Ki-nnehec;  Androsco<i<;in  and  Pre.su mj^scot  rivi^r  basins 
(Kendall  coll.). 

X.  IL  —  .\lmost  everywhere  conunon.  Cold,  ( "aldwell,  Warrens, 
Pont,  (ireat,  Boyees,  Bradford,  Todds,  (roose,  Clark.  Mud.  i-'ily, 
Lidian.  Clarksville,  Butternut.  Stoeker.  Eastmans,  Miller,  .\ii<:le, 
Island.  Wash.  Loufj.  \\'lnte  (  )ak.  Flints.  Penniehuck,  Rocky, 
Lakins.  Ilinmans.  Sawyers,  Clay,  Smiths,  Clements,  (ira.ssy, 
Uolfos,  Carrs,  Little  Ma.ssabessic.  ( )tternick,  Cherry,  (Jreat, 
Country.  Little.  Crooked.  S|)aldinfjs.  Cedar.  Xay.s,  Pratis,  Clark.s, 
r)tter.  Little  Sunajx-e,  Suncook,  Jennes,  Little  Bow.  Harvey, 
Knowltons,  Duncan.  (^Jinn|iars.  Whites,  Cnnnin<:ham.  Moses, 
Cass.  Captains.  Worldscnd.  llnnkins,  Morpm.  Baptist.  Bow, 
Little  Bow,  Trout,  Boulster,  Cones.  Bear.  Pleasant.  .Jones.  Sim- 
mons.  Dav,   (Jreat,   Bak«'rs.    Line.   Cabots.  P»»licv.    Ilititite.  Xut- 


20  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  NEMATOGNATHI. 

SILURIDAE. 

chells,  Ik'ac'h,  Sargent  and  Bartons  jionds,  and  Squani  Lake. 
(N.  H.  Fish  comm.). 

Vt. —  Connecticut  River  &  larger  tributaries;  Barnat  (Thompson 
1842);  Connecticut  River;  Lake  ChampUiin;  Clyde  River;  Lake 
Memphremagog  (Evermann  &  Kendall  1894). 

Mass. —  "Throughout  the  state"  (Storer  1855);  Jamaica  Plains 
(B.  S.  N.  H.,  Van  Vleck  &  Henshaw  coll.) ;  Warwick  (B.  S.  N.  H., 
Putnam  coll.);  East  Wareham  (Goode  1879);  Quashnet  River, 
Falmouth  (Kendall  coll.  1894). 

R.  I. —  Mashapaug,  Randalls,  Benedict  and  Fenners  ponds; 
Ponegansett  Reservoir;  Pocassett   River  (Pope    coll.    1888-1896). 

Conn. —  Salsburv  Lake;  Thatcherville  Factory  Pond,  near 
Bridgeport  (Linsley  1844). 

EVENTOGNATHI. 
CATOSTOMIDAE. 

43.  Carpiodes  thompsoni  Agassiz. 

Carp-sucker;  Buffalo;  Drum. 

Agassiz,  Amer.  journ.  sci.,  1855,  vol.  19,  p.  191.  "Lake  Cham- 
plain."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt. 
1,  p,  167. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Agassiz  1855;  Evermann  &:  Kendall 
1894). 

44.  Catostomus  catostomus  (Forster). 
Long-nose  sucker;  Red  sucker. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p. 
176;  1900,  i)t.  4,  pi.  32,  fig.  77. 

Cyprinus  catostomus  Forster,  Philos.  trans.,  1773,  p.  155. 
"Streams  about  Hudson  Bay." 


I'lscKS.  21 

ti:lk()st(xmi.  i:vkxt(  x  iNATm 

(•AT<)ST()MII)Ai:. 

Mk.  Ciipsiiptic  Lakr  {\i.  S.  N.  11..  I'lilnaiii  cill.);  ('rai;,'s 
Brook;  Alamoosook  Lake;  'I'otl  ly  Poiid;  (JIasicr  Lakt-;  Kai,'l<- 
Lakes,  Aroostook  Comity  (Kciulall  IU()2j;  I'lnijaj^o^'  I,iik<-  ( K'ni- 
.lall   ^:  (loMshoi-ouj;!!  coll.  UK).")). 

N.  11.  -  Coniiccticiit  Lakes  ami  liil)utarics  of  ri)jn'r  ('oiinccti- 
ciil  Kivrr  (Kendall  cS:  ( ioldshoroiitrli  coH.  I'.IOl);  Uiiihagof;  Lake 
(Kt'iidall    &  (;oldsh(»roii<rli  ((dl.    1<H).')). 

\'i-.  -  (Ia'Suciii-,  IS17);  Slfr|K'r  River;  rasj)iaii  Lake  (Kver- 
iiiaiiii    .V  Kciulall   1U02). 

1.").      (\\T()ST()Mis  (  ().M.Mi;u.s(»Mi   (Lact'pedc). 

Sucker;  White  sucker;  Black  sucker. 
.Ionian  <Sj  Kverniaiiii.  Hull.  17.  l'.  S.  iial.  imis.,  1.S<.)(1,  pi.  1.  p.  ITS; 

1000,  pt.  i.pl.:i4,  fi}?.  s;]. 

Cyprinu.s  commcrinmii  Lacopede,  Ilist.  iial.  poi.ssoii.s,  1S03.  vol. 
.'j,  j).    502. 

('alo.slomus  }H)!<i()nictisis  Le.'^iiciir.  Stonr,  Mtui.  .Viiicr.  acad.. 
KS.").").  vol.  ."),  p.  2110.  pi.  22,  Hjr.  :;. 

Mk. —  KvervwluTe  abundant.  Moo.solu'ad  Lake  ( H-  >'^-  N  H. 
l)avidsoii  coll.).  Camhrid^c  l{ivcr.  r])ton;  .Shajjo  Lake  and 
outlet  (H.  S.  X.  IL  Putnam  coll.);  St.  .lolms,  St.  ("roix;  I'nion; 
I*enol)seot;  Androsco<;}riii,  Keimelx-c,  l*re.suml)scot  river  lla■^ins 
and  many  other  l«)calities  (Kendall  coll.). 

.\.  II.  Kverywhere  connnon.  .Stoeker,  .\nt;le,  Island,  Wash, 
Hi;;  Dummer.  Little  Dnmmer.  Corner,  Otter.  Little  Suna|)ee. 
Mo.ses,  Stin.sons,  How  and  (Jreat  ponds  (X.  II.  Fish  connn).  (\)n- 
necticut  I.,ukes  and  tributaries  of  npper  Connecticut  River  (Kendall 
&  (i(»ldsl)(»rou^h  coll.  1001);  I'mha^o^  Lake  (Kendall  t.Sj  Colds- 
horou^h  coll.  100.')). 

\  r.  -Common  everywlu-rc.  ('riioinpsoii  IS  12);  Lake  ('ham- 
plain;  Passiunpsic  River.  Clyde  River;  Mcmi)hrcma^op  :in<l 
Co-spian  lakes  (Evermann    «S:  Kendall  1002). 


22  •  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  EVENTOGNATHI. 

CATOSTOMIDAE. 

Mass. —  Neighborhood  of  Boston  (Le  Sueur  1817) ;  Charles  River 
at  Watertown  (Storer  1839  and  1855);  Williamstown  (B.  S.  X.  H. 
Buck  &  Nason  coll.);  Fresh  Pond,  Cambridge  (B.  S.  N.  H. 
Van  Vleck  coll.);  very  common  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Quashnet 
River,  Falmouth  (Kendall  coll.  1894);  near  Woods  Hole  (Smith 
1898). 

R.  I.— "Narragansett  Bay"  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899);  Masha- 
paug  Pond  (Pope  coll.  1895). 

CoxN.— (DeKay  1842);  "Pa.ssim"  (Linsley  1844). 

46.  Catostomus  nigricans  LeSueur. 

Hog-sucker;  Stone  roller;  Black  sucker. 

LeSueur,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1817,  vol.  1,  p.  102. 
"Lake  Erie."  Bean,  Fish  Penn.,  1893,  p.  26,  pi.  21,  fig.  31. 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1, 
p.  181. 

Vt. —  Sleeper  River  at  St.   Johnsbury  (Evermann    &   Kendall 
1894). 
Mass.—  Walpole  [  ?]  (Storer  1839) . 

47.  Erimyzon  oblongus  (Mitchill). 
Chubsucker;  Roach;  Barvel. 

Cyprinus  oblongus  ]Mitcliill,  Rept.  fish.  N.  Y.,  1814,  p.  22, 
fresh  streams  and  lakes  ["New  York"]. 

Catostomus  tuberculatus  DeKay,  N.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  p.  190 
[in  part]. 

Catostomus  gihhosus  LeSueur.  Storer,  Mem.  x\mer.  acad.,  1855, 
vol.  5,  p.  291,  pi.  22,  fig.  4. 

Erimyzon  sucetfa  oblongus  (Mitchill)  Jordan  &  Evermann, 
Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  186. 

Me. —  Sebago  Lake,  Little  Sebago  Lake;  Thomas  Pond; 
,Songo  and  Presumbscot  rivers  (Kendall  coll.). 


PISCES.  23 

TELEOSTO M I .  EVE XT( )( .  .\  A  1 1 1 1 

CATOSTo.MlDAK. 

Nil.  (iVKay  1S42);  Squain  Lake;  While  Oak  Pond  (^N.  II. 
Fish  comni.). 

Vt.— [?]  (Storer  1S43). 

M.\.s.s. —  Connecticut  River,  Xorthampton  (I^'Sueur  1817; 
Storer  lS:i«));  Watertowii  (Storer  1839);  Miles  River,  Menliam 
(CJoode  (S:  Bean  18711);  (^iiasliiiet  River.  Falmoiitli  (Kendall  coll. 
181>4);  Fresh  Pond  Canihridge  (H.  S.  X.  II.  Van  Vleck  coll.). 

R.  I.—  "Xarra<;an.sett  Hay,"  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  IS\)\)), 

Co.w.— "Housatonic"  (Lin.slev  1844). 

48.     MoxosTOM.v  .\UREOLUM  (LcSucur). 
Redhorse;  Mallet;  Red- fin  sucker. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bnll.  47.  L'.  S.  nat.  raus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  102. 

Cato.s-tomu.s  aiiiri>lii.s  LeSueur.  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil..  1817, 
vol.  1.  pi.  [18],  p.  95.  "I>akf:  Ekii:,  xe.\h  Bufpwlo."  DeKay, 
X.  V.  fanna,  1842.  jn.  4.  j).  201.  1)1.  42,  ficr.  133. 

Vt. —  Lake  riiamplain  (Tlioiupson  1S42;  Evermann  l\:  Kendall 
1804). 

CYPRIXID.\E. 

40.     (  iiKusoMLS  ERYTHROG.vsTER  Rafinesquc. 

Red-bellied  minnow. 

Rafinesque.  Ichth.  Ohioen.si.s,  lS2i),  p.  }7.  "Ohio  River." 
Jordan  &  Evermaini.  Hnll.  17.  T.  S.  nut.  tnns.,  iSiX;,  i)t.  1,  p.  209. 
Bean,  Fish.  Penn.,  1X03.  p.  32.  pi.  22.  Hg.  35. 

Mk.  —  Freeport  (Kenilali  tV  .sniilli  1S!)4);  Ea^Me  Lakes,  Ardo- 
.stook  Co.;  Mataijainon  River;  Matajjamonsis  Lake;  Penob.scot 
River  at  Bangor;  Cohbosseeeontee  Lake;  Lake  .Vnhnrn  (Kendall 
coll.). 

\.  If.  Indian  Stream  tributary  of  r|)j)er  ronnecticnt  River, 
near  I'ilt>l)ur>:.  ("oos  Connty  (Kendall  <!<:  (Joldsborongh  coll.  1904). 


24  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  E  VENTOGX  ATHI . 

CYPRINIDAE. 

50.  PiMEPHALES  NOTATUS  (Rafinesque). 
Blunt-nose  minnow. 

Jordan  «S:  Evcnnann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p.  218. 

Mimiihis  noiaiu.s  Rafinesque,  Ichth.  Oliioensis,  1820,  ]).  47. 
"Ohio  River." 

Hyhorhynchus  notafus  (Raf.),  Cope,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc., 
1869,  vol.  13,  p.  392,  pi.  13,  fig.  5.- 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Evermann  &  Kendall  1894);  Swanton 
(Carter  coll.  1907). 

51.  PiMEPHALES  ANULi  Kendall. 

Blunt-nose;   Rings  minnow. 

Kendall,  Bull.  U.  S.  fish  comm.,  1903,  vol.  22,  p.  3G0,  fig. 
"Cross  Lake  Thoroughfare,  Eagle  Lakes,  Aroostook 
County,  Maine." 

Me. —  Eagle  Lakes,  Aroostook  County;  Lunkasoos  Lake^ 
Penobscot  County  (Kendall  1903). 

52.  Semotilus  bullaris  (Rafinesque). 

Chub;  Dace;  Chiven. 

Cyprinm  bullaris  Rafinesque,  Amer.  month,  mag.  &  crit.  rev., 
1817,  vol.  1,  p.  120.     "Hudson  River  and  Word  Creek." 

Cheihnemus  pulchellus  Girard.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1855,  vol.  5,  p.  286,  pi.  22,  fig.  2. 

Semotilus  corporalis  (Mitchill).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  221. 

Me. —  Almost  everywhere  abundant.  Richardson  Lake  & 
Metallick  Brook;  Sebago  Lake  and  outlet  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Putnam 
coll.);  Moosehead  Lake  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Davidson  coll.);  St.  Johns; 


riscKs.  25 

TKLEOSTOMI  EVENTOCiNATIli. 

(YIMtlNIDAE. 

St.  (roix,  I  iiion.  IViiohscut ;  K»'mi«'ln'c;  Amlroscufi^iii,  I'rc.suiii|)- 
spol  river  l»a.sins  (KiMidall  coll.). 

N.  II.  Mx  tivwlirrf.  S(|iiani  Lake  and  \Vitini|)('.saiikcc  (B.  .S. 
N.  II..  StoriT  coll.);  ( 'oiiiiccticut  Lakes  and  l'|»i)cr  ( 'Diiiu'cticut 
Kivcr  waters  (Kendall   &  (i()ldsl)oroii<;li  (-(dl.  1U()4). 

\t.       Lake  (Miainplain  ('rii()ni|)son  I  Ml?). 

M.\ss.— Almost  evervwiiere.  Worcester  ( 'ounty;  Walixiie  (Siorer 
l.S;i<>);  Menhani  Lake  ((Joode  &  Bean  1S7U);  New  BcdfonI  (doode 
1S7«));  South  IIa<llcy  Falls  (Bean  ISSO);  Quashiiet  River,  Falinoiitlj 
(Kendall  coll.  1S!>4);  Boston  and  Waltliani  (B.S.  X.  IL);  I|)s\vicli 
(B.  S.  N.  li.,  IWown  coll.). 

Conn. —  "Coninion"  (Linslcy  1S44). 

7h].     Si:M(tTii.is  .\Tu<)M.\(ri,.\TUS  (Mitcliill). 

Homed  dace;  Mummychub;  Mud-chub. 

Jordan  \:  Evennann,  Bull.  47,  l".  S.  nat.  niu.s.,  ISDO,  \>l.  1,  j). 
222;    1900,  pt.  4,  |)1.  40,  fi^'.  100. 

Ci/prinii.f  afromandafii.s  Mitcliill,  Ainer.  monthly  maj;.  iS;  crit. 
rev.,  ISIS,  vol.  2,  p.  ."^24.     "  Wm.i.kii.i.  River,  Xkw  Voijk." 

Mk. —  Widely  common.  (Linslcy  1S44);  Kreeport  (Kendall  tV 
Smith  1S04);  Ka<;le  Lakes,  Aroostook  County;  Alla^ash  Ri\er 
lakes;  Matafjamon  River  waters;  West  Branch  Penobscot  Rivi>r 
waters;  Union  River  hasin;  Kemiehec  River  waters;  Androscofj- 
gin  River  waters;  Royals  River  hasins  (Kenilall  coll.);  Matajja- 
mon  waters  (Smith  1902). 

X.  IL — Uj)per  Comiecticut  River  and  tributaries;  ("oniiecti<iil 
Lakes  (Kendall    &  (Joldsborouirh  coll.    l*>i)4). 

\t. —  Western  part  of  \'ermont  (Thompson  IS').'?);  Clyde  River; 
Memphremafrorf  Lake  (Everniaim  ^:  Kendall  1S04);  East  Creek 
&  Caspian  Lake  (Evermatui    iV   Kendall   1".>02). 

!\L\.s.s.  -  Ilousatonic  River  {'!);  Brooke  ni;ir  W  i!li;nii->  (  "oIIcl'c 
['!]  (Storer[I'utnam]  1S()7). 


26  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  '  EVENTOGNATHI. 

CYPRINIDAE. 

Conn. —  Stratford;  Canaan  (Linsley  1844);  Fairfield  County 
(Ayres  1850). 

54.  Leuciscus  carletoni  Kendall. 
Carle  tons  Chub- minnow. 

Kendall,  Bull.  U.  S.  fish  comm.,  1903,  vol.  22,  p.  .357,  fig.  1. 
"Bill  Fish   Brook,   tributary   of   east   branch   penobscot 

RIVER,  A  mile  below  MaTAGAMOX  LaKE." 

Me. —  Bill  Fi.sh  Brook,  tributary  of  Matagamon  River;  South- 
ards pond,  tributary  of  Hale  Pond  of  We.st  Branch  of  Penobscot 
River;  Smith  Brook,  outlet  of  Haymock  Lake,  tributary  of  AUagash 
River;  Eagle  Lakes,  Aroostook  County  (Kendall  1903) ;  Bangor 
(Bowdoin  College). 

55.  Phoxinus  xeogaeus  Cope. 
Bronze  minnow. 

Cope,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc,  1869,  vol.  13,  p.  375.  "New 
Hudson,  Livingstone  County,  Michigan." 

Leuciscus  neogaeus  (Cope).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  240.  Kendall,  Bull.  U.  S.  fish  comm.,  1903, 
vol.  22,  p.  356. 

Me. —  Bill  Fish  Brook,  tributary  of  Matagamon  River;  Mataga- 
monsis  Lake;  Southards  Pond  near  Hale  Pond,  tributary  of  West 
Branch  of  Penobscot  River;  Smith  Brook,  outlet  Haymock  Lake, 
tributary  of  Allagash  River  (Eagle  Lake) ;  Cross  Lake  Thorough- 
fare, Eagle  Lakes,  Aroostook  County;  Lunkasoos  Lake,  tributary 
of  Matagamonsis  Lake  (Kendall  1903);  Cambridge  River,  tribu- 
tary of  Umbagog  Lake  (Kendall  &  Goldsborough  coll.  1905). 

X.  H. —  Indian  Stream,  tributary  of  Connecticut  River  near 
Pittsburg,  Coos  County  (Kendall  &  Goldsborough  coll.  1904). 


PISCES.  27 

TELEOSTOMI.  EVENTOGNATHI. 

CVrHIXIDAi:. 

50.-    AuKAMis  (  KvsoLi:uc.\s  (Mitfhill). 

Golden  shiner;  Roach;  Bream. 

Jordan  &  Evrnnami,  Hull.  17.  U.  S.  luit.  iiui.s.,  ISlMi,  pi.  1,  p. 
250;    1900,  pt.  1.  i)l.  4.').  fig.  111. 

Cypritin.s  crifsolntra.s  Mitcliill.  Rrpt.  fish.  .\ .  \  .,  Isl  1,  |).  23. 
"Xkw  Yohk." 

LeucoKomus  americaini.t  (iirard.  Storer,  Mem.  .Xmcr.  acad., 
1S55,  vol.  .■).  p.  lis,  pi.  21.  fiir.  -2. 

Me. —  Widely  toninion.  Eaglr  Laki-s,  Aroo.stook  County;  St. 
C'roi.x  and  other  waters  Washinirton  County;  Penobscot  Andrcs- 
ct)gijin;   Kennebec,  Presumpscot  river  watei*s  (Kendall  coll.). 

N.  H.— Unil)a<j()(i  Lake  (Kendall  &  Goklsboroujjh  Coll.  1004). 

Vt. —  Lake  Chaniplaiii  (Thompson  1842). 

M.VSS.—  Fresh  Pond.  Cambridge  (H.  S.  X.  II.,  Van  Meek  coll.); 
Kiley.s  Pond,  Waltham  (B.  S.  X.  IL,  Warren  coll.);  Quashnet 
River,  Falmouth  (Kendall  coll.  1S94);  Wenham  Lake  ((Joode  & 
Bean  1S79). 

R.  L— "Xarragansett  Bay"  (R.  I.  Fi^ii  ("omni.  JSOO);  Masha- 
paiig  and  Benedict  ponds  (Pope  coll.  1888-1890). 

Conn.— "Common"   (Linsley  1844). 

57.       XoTROl'IS    IMFKKNATUS    (Coj)e). 

Bridled  minnow. 

Jordan  and  Hvermann,  Bull.  17.  l.  S.  nal.  nius.,  ISOO.  pt.  I,  j). 
258.     Kendall,  Bull.  U.  S.  fi.sh  comm.,  19(«,  vol.  22,  p.  3G1 . 

Ilifhopsi.t  hifirnalifK  Cope,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc,  1S()9,  V(»l. 

13,  p.  384.  .   "SCHIYLKILI,  .\T  CoN.SnOHOCKKN  [P.\.]." 

Me. —  Sebago  and   Little  .Sebago  lakes   (Kendall    1903);    outlet 
Chaffin  Pon«l,  tributary  to  Sebago  Luke  (Kendall  coll.). 
M.v.ss. —  (Jordan   &  Evermann  1890). 


28  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  EVENTOGNATHI. 

CY  PR  I XI  DAE. 

8.     NoTRoiMs   MLSKOKA   ^Sleck. 
Muskoka  minnow. 

Meek,  Publ.  41,  Field  Columb.  mus.,  Zoijl.  .ser.,  1899,  vol.  1,  p. 
308.  "Gull  Lake,  Oxtario."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1900,  pt.  4,  p.  3140. 

Me. —  Bill  Fish  Brook,  tributary  to  Matagaman  River  (East 
Branch  of  Penobscot);  Hay  Brook  tributary  to  Matagamon  on 
Grand  Lake  Thoroughfare;  Smith  Brook,  outlet  of  Haymock 
Lake,  tributary  of  Eagle  Lake  of  Allagash  River;  Cross  Lake 
Thoroughfare,  Eagle  Lakes,  Aroostook  County  (Kendall  coll. 
1901  and  1903);  Matagamon  waters  (Smith  1902). 

59.  XoTRoi'i.s  KLEXxius  (Girard). 

Straw- minnow. 

Jordan  &  Ev(>rniann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1S9().  pt.  1,  p.  261. 
Alburnops  blemuus  Girard,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  ISoO,  p. 
194,  "Arkaxsas  River." 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain,  Swanton  (Carter  coll.  1907). 

60.  XoTROPis  iiUDSOxius  (Clinton). 
Spawneater;  Shiner;  Smelt. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
269;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  47,  fig.  119. 

Clupea  hudsonia  Clinton,  Ann.  lye.  nat.  hist.  N.  Y.,  1824,  vol. 
1,  p.  49,  pi.  2,  fig.  2.  "Albaxy,  axd  other  tl.a.ces  ox  the  hud- 
sox  River  [N.  Y.]." 

Hyhopsis  huchonius  Clinton.  C()j)(\  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc, 
1869,  vol.  13,  p.  386,  pi.  12,  fig.  3. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Evermann  &  Kendall  1894). 


I'iscKs.  29 

ii:li:c)st(  ).mi.  kventognathi. 

cvphinidak. 

(•I.       NolKdl'l'^     (oKMI'tS     (  Mitcllill). 

Shiner;  Redfin. 

.Ionian  \-  Kvcrmami,  Hull.  17.  l'.  S.  iiat.  imis.,  js'.M".,  pt.  1,  ]>. 
_N|. 

Ci/ prill  IIS  roniiitiis  Mii<liill.  Aiucr.  iiioiillily  iiia}i.  &:  crit.  rev., 
1S|7,  vol.  1.  p.  2S<).     "Wai.i.kii.i.  Ki\  kk  [Xkw  Vohk]." 

11  Upsdlrpis  niniiiius  (Jirard.  Storcr,  Mi'in.  Aint-r.  ucad.,  ISo.j, 
vol.  .").  ]).  '2X\.  pi.  21.  H<;.  3. 

.Ml-:. —  Evfrvwlicri'  al)Uii(larit.  St.  .Jolui.s,  St.  Croix  and  (tthcr 
waters  ill  Wa.sliinjjtoii  Motility,  Union,  IVnoUscot.  Kciinchi'c, 
Andro.scofTirin,  Hoyals  and  Prc.sunijyscot  rivrr  Ija.sin.s  (Kendall  coll.). 

N.  II. —  S(|nani  Lake  (H.  S.  X.  II.,  Storcr  coll.);  Ui)j)cr  Con- 
necticut River  and  Lakes  (Kendall  &  (ioldsboroufjli  coll.  1904); 
I  pper  .\.ndrosct)fj<jin  River  and  l'nil)a;jo<j  Lake  (Kendall  ^'  (Jolds- 
l)orou<;li  coll.    lUOo). 

Vt. —  Clyde  and  Passumpsic  rivers  (Evcrmann  <Jv:  Kendall  1804); 
Caspian  Lake  (Kverniann  &  Kendall  1902). 

Mas.s. -Rerkshire  Co.  (Storer  1S42,  1S42,  and  1S41);  lilan- 
f'ord,  Hampden  Co.,  (Olmsted  lS43y);  Fresh  I'onil.  Caml»rid<;e 
(R.  .'-^.  N.  II. .  \x\\\  \'leck  Cv)ll.);  Wenliam  Lake;  Merrimac  River 
at  Andover  ((ioode  &  Rean  1S79);  (^uaslmet  River,  Falmouth 
(Kendall  coll.    1S94). 

R.  1.— "Xarragan.sett  Ray"  (R.  I.  Fish  ctmim.  1S99). 

Conn. —  "In  .several  larfje  streams"  (Linsley  1S44). 

<t2.        XolKlil'lS    Al  IIKKINOIDKS    RafiucSCplC. 

Silverside  minnow. 

Rafincscpic.  .\iner.  month,  ma^.  and  crit.  rev.,  IMS,  p.  204, 
"Lakk  Kuik";  .I()rdan  »!v  Kverniann,  Rnll.  47,  V.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1N9(),  |)l.  1.  p.  2!t:i. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain,  l-^wanton  (Carter  coll.   1907). 


30  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  E\'ENTOGNATHI. 

CYPRINIDAE. 

63.  NoTROPis  RUBRiFRoxs  (Cope). 
Rednose  minnow. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  luit.  miis.,  1S9G,  pt.  1,  p. 
295. 

Alburniis  rubrifwns  Cope,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1865,  p.  85, 
"KisKiMiNiTAS  River." 

AlburneUus  rubnfrons  Cope,  Trans.  Amer.  Philos.  soc,  1869, 
vol.  13.  p.  3SS,  pi.  8,  fig.  3. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain,  Swanton  (Carter  coll.  1907). 

64.  Rhixichthys  cataract.^j:  (Cuvier   &  Valenciennes). 
Long-nose  dace;  Broad-nose  minnow. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  306. 

Gobio  cataractae  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1842,  vol.  16, 
p.  315.     "Niagara  Falls." 

Argyreus  nasutus  Girard.  Storer,  Mem.  >\mer.  acad.,  1855,  vol. 
5,  p.  289,  pi.  22,  fig.  1. 

N.  H. —  Upper  Connecticut  River,  its  tributaries  and  Lakes 
(Kendall    k  Goldsborough  1904). 

Vt. —  Sleeper  River;  Passumpsic  River  (Evermann  &  Kendall 
1894). 

Mass.— Blanford  (A\Tes  1843?);   Nichols  Brook  (Storer  1855). 

Coxx.— West  Hartford  (Ayres  1843);  Northford  (Linsley  1843). 

65.  Rhixichthys  atroxasus  (Mitchill). 

Black-nose  dace;  Brook  minnow;  Rock  shiner,  PotbeUy. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  307. 

Cyprinus  atronasiis  Mitchill,  Trans,  lit.  &  philos.  soc.  N.  Y., 
1815,  vol.  1,  p.  4(30.  Fresh  water  brooks  inhabited  bv  trout. 
''[Wallkill  River.  New  York.1  " 


PISCES.  31 

TKLKUSTOMI.  KVFNT*  ><  ;\  \  IH  I 

cvrHixiDAi;. 

Ai-ffifrcu.s  (ilrotia.fuji  Heck.  Storcr.  M»in.  Ainrr.  aoa«l.,  1855, 
vol.  5.  p.  2S8.  pi.  21.  fif:.  4. 

Me. — Common  cvervwhcrc  o.s|)ecially,  in  brook.s.  I'armacliri'nee 
Lakr  (H.  S.  N.  II..  Snow  cV  \Miittier  coll.);  Scbago  Lake  (B.  S. 
N.  II.,  Putnam  coll.);  St.  Johns.  St.  Ooi.x.  I'nion,  IVnob.scot, 
Kennehec,  Androscoggin,  Kovals  &  Presump.scot  River  ha.sin.s 
(Kendall  coll.). 

X.  II. —  Upper  Connecticut  River  and  Lakes,  and  their  tributaries 
(Kendall    &  Goldsborough  HM)4). 

Vt. —  Streams  flowing  into  Lake  rhanij)lain  (Thttmpson  1842); 
Sleeper  River;  Pas.sumpsic  River;  Lake  Mempliremagog  (Ever- 
mann    &  Kendall   1894). 

M.\.ss.— Cohasset  (B.  S.  X.  11.,  Hrvant  coll.);  ChicojH>e  River 
(B.  S.  X.  II.,  Wheatland  coll.);  Williamstown  (B.  S.  N.  IL,  Buck 
and  N^ason  coll.);  "Common  in  brooklets  everywhere  in  Ma.s.sa- 
chu.setts  (Goode  &  Bean  1879). 

R.  L—  "Xarragansett  Bay"  (R.  L  Fish  comm.  1899). 

Cow. — "Small  running  .streams"  (Linsley  1844). 

(IC).     CouESius  PiXMBEUS  (Agassiz). 
Chub-minnow. 
Jordan   &  Evermaini.  Bull.  47.  V.  S.  nat.  mus..  189G,  pt.  1.  ji. 

Gobio  plumheu.s  Aga.ssiz,  Lake  Superior.  1S.")(I.  p.  :>•((».  "Lake 
StPERion  *  *  *  L.\ke  IIuhon." 

Ceratirhthys  pro.sthemius  Cope.  Trans,  .\nier.  pliilos.  soc,  lNr)9, 
vol.  I.'i.  p.  307.  pi.  11.  Hg.  4. 

Me. —  Common  almost  everywlu-re.  Metallic  Brook,  Richard- 
son I.ake  (B.  S.  X.  II.,  Putnam  r  coll.  1S(;4);  St.  Johns;  Penol>- 
scot,  Kennebec,  Androx-oggin.  Royals  and  Presumpscot  River 
basins,  and  many  other  localities  (Kendall  coll.);  Freeport  (Ken- 
dall  &  Smith   1S94). 


32  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  EVEXTOGNATHI. 

CYPRINIDAE. 

N.  H. —  Upper  Connecticut  River  and  Lakes,  and  their  tribu- 
taries (Kendall   &  Goldsborough  Coll.  1904). 

Vt. —  Clyde  River  at  Newport  (Evermann  &  Kendall  1894); 
Caspian  Lake  (Evermann   &  Kendall  1902). 

67.  Hybopsis  kentuckiexsis  (Rafinesque). 
Hornyhead;  Jerker;  Indian  chub. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  189G,  pt.  1,  j>. 
322. 

Luxilus  hentuckiensis  Rafinesque,  Ichth.  Ohioensis,  1820,  p.  48. 
"Ohio  River." 

Cerafichthi/s  biguttatus  Kirtland.  Cope,  Trans.  Amer.  philos. 
soc,  1869,  vol.  13,  p.  366,  pi.  11,  fig.  5. 

Mass.— Near  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898) 

68.  ExoGLOSSUM  MAXiLLiNGUA  (LeSueur). 
Cutlip;  Nigger  chub. 

Cope,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc,  1869,  vol.  13,  p.  360,  pi.  11, 
fig.  1.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt. 
1,  p.  327;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  54,  fig.  140. 

Cyprinus  maxillingua  LeSueur,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil., 
1817,  vol.  1,  p.  85.     "Pipe-Creek,  Maryland." 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Evermann   &  Kendall  1894). 

APODES. 
ANGUILLIDAE. 

69.  AxGUiLLA  CHRiSYPA  Rafinesque. 
Eel;  Common  eel. 

Rafinesque,  Amer.  month,  mag.  &  crit.  rev.,  1817,  vol.  1.  p. 
120.     "Lake  George;    Hudson  River;    Lake  Champlain." 

AngniUa  bostoniensis  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1863,  vol.  8,  p.  408,  pi.  33,  fig.  1. 


PISCES.  33 

TELEOST(  )M  I  APODES. 

ANcri  I.I.I  dm;. 

AiKjiiilla  rhri/sifiKi  RaHnfS(|iif.  Jordan  (Jv:  Kwrmaiiii.  Hull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  urns.,  ISlUi,  pt.  1,  p.  .US;    1<»;)().  pt.  I.  pi.  .V),  lijr.  143. 

Mk. —  Evcrvwlirre  alonj;  tlie  coa.st  and  in  nearly  all  fresh  waters. 
Ea,>itj)ort  (B.  S.  N.  II.,  Sluirtlcir  coll.);  St.  Croi.x;  Union,  Ea.stport; 
(Jraiiil  Lake  Stream  (Bean  ISSO);  Penobscot,  Kennel)ec,  Andro.s- 
eofifjin,  Uovals,  and  Pre.sunip.seot  river  hasin.s;  Ea.stport;  Caseo 
Bay  (Kendall  coll.). 

X.  II. —  Bntt«'rnnt,  Stocker.  Eastmans,  MilK-r,  An;;lc,  Island, 
\\asli,  ("larks.  Messers,  Pleasant,  Snncook,  Jenness,  I^ittle  Bow, 
Harvey,  Knowltons,  Bafjlcy,  Long,  Great,  Bakers,  Lime  and 
Bartons  ponds  (X.  11.  Fish  comm).  Connecticut  Lakes  (Kendall 
\  (ioldshorough  coll.    H)()4). 

\'t. —  Lake  ('hamj)lain;  Connecticut  River;  outlet  of  Barnards 
Pond   (Thomj)son    1S42). 

M  \s.s. —  Boston;  Boston  Bay  (LeSueur  1817);  Medl'ord;  Water- 
town  (Storer  ISIV.));  Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1803);  Woods  Hole 
(Bean  1S8());  Waqiioit  (Lyman  1S72);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  187;]); 
Maiden  (B.  S.  X.  IL,  Sandhorn  coll.);  Wellesley  (B.  S.  X.  IL. 
Denton  coll.);  Mystic  Hiver  (B.  S.  X.  IL.  Van  Vleck  coll.);  Annis- 
(juam  (B.  S.  X.  H.);  Quashnet  River,  FaInu)Uth  (Kendall  coll. 
1S94);  Woods  Hole;  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  18U8);  Xantucket 
(Sharj)   cV  Fowler  l'.t()4). 

K.  L — Xewport  (Ix'Sucur  1817);  Xarragan.sett  Bay  (R.  L  Fish 
comm.  18(K));  Mashai)auf;  and  Fenners  ponds;  Poca,ssett  River; 
Conimicut  (Poi)e  coll.  18!>4-18«)())  (Jreenwich  Bay  (Tracy  19()(i). 

Cow.— Hartford;  Xorthford  (Lin.sley  1844);  Xoank  (B.  S.  X. 
II..  Ilvatt   c^-  Rathhun  coll.). 

LErrocEPn.\Lii).\E. 

70.     Lki'T<)<ki'ii  VMS  coNcr.it  (Limie). 
Conger  eel:  Sea  eel. 

.Ionian  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1800,  pt.  1,  j). 
354;    10(K).  pt.  4,  pi.  .")7,  fig.  148. 


34  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  APODES. 

LEPTOCEPHALIDAE. 

Muraena  conger  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  245. 

"OCEANO   EUROPAEO." 

Leptocephalus  gracilis  Storer,  Proc.  Bost.  soc.  nat.  hist.,  p.  76, 
1845,  vol.  2.     Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867,  vol.  9,  p.  256.     [Young.] 

Me. — Cherryfield  (Storer  1845,  1846,  and  Wheatland  1852); 
Old  Orchard  (Norton  coll.  1906). 

Mass. —  Nomans  Land  (Storer  1839);  Xahant  (Storer  1867  and 
B.  S.  N.  H.,  Cook  coll.  1858);  North  Truro  (Kendall  coll.  1896); 
Falmouth;  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Near  Block  Island  (Mitchill  1818);  Narragansett  Bay 
(R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899). 

MURAENIDAE. 

71.  Muraena  retifera  Goode  &  Bean. 

Goode  &  Bean,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  1882,  vol.  5,  435. 
"Charleston,  S.  C."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat. 
mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  401;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  65.  fig.  173. 

Mass. —  Tuckernuck  Island  (Smith  1900). 

ISOSPONDYLl. 
ELOPIDAE. 

72.  Tarpon  atlanticus  (Cuvier   &  Valenciennes). 

Tarpon. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
409;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  67,  fig.  177. 

Megalops  atlaniicus  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1846,  vf)l. 

19,    p.   398.       "GUADALOUPE." 

Ma.ss. —  South  Dartmouth;  Quisset;  Menemsha  (Smith  1898); 
Marthas  Vineyard;    Woods  Hole  (Sherwood    &  Edwards  1901). 


PISCES.  35 

TELKOSn  )MI.  ISO.SPONDYLI. 

KI.OPIDAE. 

I\.  I.  Nc\v|)ort  (( Joiule  IS7'J) ;  Xurrafrausctt  Hay:  I )utrh  Island 
Ilarlior  (Sherwood    «.^-   Kdwards,   I'lOl). 

7.'{.     Ki.iii's  svrins  Limu'. 
Ladyfish;  Tenpounder. 

Liimr.  Svst.  iiat.  cd.  12.  i7()(l.  vol.  1,  j).  ol8.  "CaROLINW." 
Jordan  (S:  Ev(M-inann,  Hull.  17,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  410; 
H>()(>.  i)t.  4.  pi.  ('.7.  Ii<;.  178. 

M.vs.s.  \\  ot)d.>  llok-  ( Hainl  1^7;Jj;  \c\v  Hedtord;  \Vood.s  Hole- 
(Hean  1880);  Vinevard  Sound;  Huzzard.s  Hay  (Smith  1898);  Nan- 
tucket (Sharp  and  Fowler  1904). 

K.  I.— \arra{,'an.sett  Hay  (U.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

ALBl'LIDAE. 
71.     Ai.iu  i.A  vuu'ES  (Linn^'). 
Bonefish. 

.Ionian  &  Everniann,  Hull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  1S9(;,  pt.  1, 
p.  411;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  68,  H^.  179. 

Esox  vulpes  Linn^,  Sy.st.  nat..  <'d.  Id,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  313.  "Amer- 
ica."- 

Ma,s,s.    -  \\ood.->  Hole  (Haird  l.s73  and  Smith  1898). 
R.  I.—  Newport  (Hean  ISsO.  Tracy  HlOC.V 

HIODOXTIDAE. 
7").     Hionox  TERGi.sus  Ix'Sueur. 
Mooneye. 

LeSueur,  Journ.  aead.  nat.  sei.  Phil.,  1818,  vol.  1,  p.  364. 
"Lake  Hrie  at  HulValo."  Jordan  «^'  Evermann.  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus.,  1896.  pi.  I.  p.   ti:!;    l!«(l().  pt.  4.  pi.  6S.  Hj;.  ISO. 

Vt.  -  I-ake  Champlain  (Thom|)son   1842). 


36  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ISOSPONDYLI. 

CLUPEIDAE. 

76.  Etrumeus  teres  (DeKay). 

Round  herring. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  miis.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  420. 
•  Alosa  teres  DeKay,  X.  Y.  fauna,  1842.  })t.  4,  }).  262,  pi.  40,  fi<;. 
128.     "Harbor  of  New  York." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Bean  1880);  Menemsha  Bight  (Smith 
1898). 

R.  T  —  Newport  (Goodc  1S79  and  Tracy  ICOO). 

77.  Clupea  harexgus  Linne. 

Herring;  Labrador  herring;  EngUsh herring;  Enghshman;  Sper- 
ling (young). 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  317.  "M.  Europaeis." 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  421; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  62,  fig.  185. 

Clupea  elonfjaia  LeSueur.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  330,  pi.  26,  fig.  1. 

jNIe. —  Along  our  coast  especially  at  Herring  Gut  (Williamson 
1832);  all  along  the  coast,  especially  Passamaquoddy  Bay  and 
vicinity.  (Moore  1897);  Eastport  (Verrill  1871;  U.  S.  nat. -mus. 
1872;  Bean  1880;  Kendall  coll.  1893);  Bucksport  (U.  S.  nat. 
mus.  1878);  Casco  Bay  (Bean  1880;  Lee  1885;  Kendall  coll.). 

N.  H.—  ([Peck]  Belknap  1792). 

Mass. —  Falmouth;  Duxbury;  Marthas  Vineyard  (Storer  1839); 
Edgartown;  Massachusetts  Bay;  Provincetown  Harbor  (Storer 
1859);  Ipswich  Bay  (Bean  1880);  Menemsha  Bight;  Monomoy; 
North  Truro  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873; 
Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898);   Nantucket  (Sharp   &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  L  Fish  comm.,  1899);  Conimicut 
(Pope  coll.  1894-97). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 


riscics.  37 

ti:li:(  >st()Mi.  isospondvli. 

('lipkidak. 

7S.     Clii'anodon   I'sKrDiiiiisi'AMcus  (Pocy). 

Spanish  sardine. 

Jordan  «S:  Kvcrinaiin.  Hull.  17,  l'.  S.  nat.  miis.,  iMMi,  j)t.  1,  p.  IlM. 
Sdidiniit  j).\-fii(li)liis-])(iiu((i   I'ocy,  Mcinorias,   1S(>(),  vol.  2.  j).  '■'>]]. 

"ClIiA." 

Clufx'a  psnulitJiisjxiiiirn  (Poi-y)  Kendall  (Js;  Siiiitli,  liull.  l'.  S. 
fisji  coinin..  IS'.M.  vul.  H.  p.  17. 

Mass. —  Woods  llulc;  MciU'nislia  lVio;lit  (Krndall  <Jl'  .'^luith 
IKOl;    ;m<l  Smith   IS'JS). 

7'.>.      I'oMOLOUrs  MKDIOCKIS  ( Mitcliill ). 

Hickory  shad;  Hickory  jack;  Fresh  water  tailor;  Fall  herring. 

.Jordan  ilv:  Evt'nnann,  Hull.  17,  1'.  .S.  nat.  iniis.,  ISOG,  pt.  I,  p.  12."); 
I'.MK),  pt.   J,  pi.  71,  fij;.  ISS.  I 

(UnjM'n  /HfY//or,/.v  Mitcliill,  Roj)t.  fisli.  N.  ^■..  1S14,  ]>.  20.  "That 
|)art  of  the  hay  of  New  York  which  hordci-s  on  Statcii  Island." 

J/o.vfl  linrata  Storcr.  Storcr,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858,  vol.  ("»,  j). 
;il(),  pi.  27,  flu'.  2. 

Mi:. —  "Mouths  of  Kenduskeuj;  and  other  fresh  rivers  (William- 
son (1832);  Miiiie  coast  ((Joode  18S4);  Sm.ill  jjoint,  Ca.sco  iiay 
(Kendall  coll.  IS'Ki);  Free'port  (Kendall  coll.  I'.XHI). 

Mass.  IVoviiK'ctown  (.Storcr  1S47  and  18.')'.));  Wacpioit  (Lyman 
1S72);  15o.-toK  Ilarhor  (B.  S.  X.  11.,  \\  heildon  coll.);  New 
Hcilford;  Woods  Hole  (Beau  ISSO);  North  Truro;  Monomov; 
Menemsha  Bi;:ht  (Kemlall  coll.  IS\H\)\  Wools  Hole  (B.iird  1873 
and  Smith  1S«)S)  Tarpaulin  Cove  (Smith  18«)8). 

R.  I.— Narrapmsett  Bay  (It.  1.  Fish  conuii.  IS'.IO). 

CoNX. —  Stratford;  New  Haven;  llousatonic  and  Connecticut 
rivers  (Linslcy  1814). 


38  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ISOSPONDYLI. 

CLUPEIDAE. 

80.       POMOLOBUS  PSEUDOHARENGUS  (Wilson). 

Ale  wife;  Elwife;  Gaspereau;  Sawbelly;  Kyak. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  uat.  mus.,  1S9G,  pt.  1,  p. 
426;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  71,  fig.  189. 

Clupea  pseiidoharengus  Wilson,  Ree's  cyclopedia,  ISll?,  vol.  9, 
p.—. 

Alosa  cyanonoton  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  Ainer.  acad.,  1858,  vol. 
6,  p.  339,  pi.  27,  fig.  1. 

Me. —  Common  all  along  the  coast,  entering  all  accessible  streams. 
Eastern,  Kennebec,  Sandy,  East  Branch  of  Penobscot  (Me.  Fish 
comm.  1867);  Eastport  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.  1872;  (Kendall  coll.  1893); 
Sebasticook,  Sandy,  East  Branch  of  Penobscot,  Dennys,  Pennama- 
quan,  Damariscotta,  East  Machias,  Chandlers,Wescongus,  Harring- 
ton, Tunk,  St.  Georges,"  Androscoggin,  Saco,  Mousam  and  Piscata- 
qua  rivers;  Patten  Stream;  West  Gouldsborough,  Mt.  Desert  and 
Casco  Bay  (Atkins  1887);  Casco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.);  western  tribu- 
taries of  St.  John  and  St.  Croix  River  (Rathbun  &  Wakeham  1897). 

N.  H.—  Cobbetts  Pond  [land  locked]  (X.  Wentworth  coll.). 

INIass. —  Watertown,  Taunton,  Medford,  pond  in  Manchester 
and  Chester;  Merrimac  River;  Mystic  River  (Storer  1859);  Wa- 
quoit  (Lyman  1872);  Melrose  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  VanVleck  coll.); 
Cohasset  Narrows  (Bean  1880) ;  North  Truro;  Monomoy  (Kendall 
coll.  1896);  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  and 
Fowler  1904). 

R.I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899;  Taunton 
River  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn.— "Common"   (Linsley  1844);  Noank  (Bean  1880). 

78.      PoMOLOBUS  AESTIVALIS  (MitchiU). 

Glut  herring;  Sammer  herring;  Blueback;  Blackbelly;  Kyack. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pi.  1,  p. 
426;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  71,  fig.  190. 


I'lscKs.  39 

TKLKOSTUMI.  l.so.sl'oX  1  )\  1.1. 

CLUPEIDAE. 

?  Clufmi  aestivoli.s  Mitc-liill,  Itt-pt.  (i.sli.  X.  V.,  ls|  I.  \>.  21. 
"\i:w  York." 

Alum  tyrauun^  DeKay.  Storcr,  Mcin.  Amer.  ar:ul.,  1S5S,  vol. 
<1,  p.  334  [in  part],  pi.  2(i.  H^'.  3. 

Mi:.— Ea-stport  (U.  S.  iiat.  iini>.  1S72:  Kendall  coll.  1S93); 
Dennys  River  (Kendall  1S94;  Cjisco  Bay  (Lee  188o;  Kendall  coll.); 
Ijower  Penob.scot  River  (Kendall  coll.  1002). 

X.  11. 

M.\.ss.  -Sandwich  (Storer  1S39);  Provincctown  (Storer  1847  and 
1S.">S);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  Monomoy  (Kendall  coll.  1896); 
Wood.s  Hole  (Bean  LS80  and  Smith  189S). 

82.     Alos.\  SAPiDi.s.siMA  (Wilson). 

Shad. 

Jordan   &  Kvermann,  Bull.   17,  L.  S.  nat.  mus.,  189G,  pi.  \,  p. 

427;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  72,  fij;.  19 L 

C'lupea  .sapidissirrui  Wil.son,  Ree's  cyclopedia,  1811  ?,  vol.  9,  j). — 
Alosa  prae.'itahili'i  DeKay.       Storer.  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,   1858, 

vol.  6,  p.  332,  pi.  26,  fig.  2. 

Mk. —  In  all  our  rivers  until  stopped  liy  dams  (Williamson  1832); 
Kennebec;  Merry  Meetint;  Bay;  Cathance  tributary  of  Kennebec; 
Sebasticook,  Sandy,  Penobscot,  W^est  Branch,  Eastern  rivers  (Me. 
fish  comm.  1867);  Ea.stport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1872;  Kendall  coll. 
1893);  Orland  River  (Merrill  coll.  1899);  off  the  coast  (Kendall 
coll.  1895);  Casco  Bay  {11  S.  nat.  mus.  1873;  Bean  1880;  Ken- 
dall coll.),  St.  Croi.x  (Rathbun  and  Wakehara  1899).  Kennebec; 
Penobscot;  St.  Croi.x;  East  Machias;  W^escongus;  IIarrin<rton; 
Mousam;  Piscataqua  rivers  (Atkins  1887). 

X.  H. —  Merrimac  River  (Thompson  1842); 

Vt. —  Connecticut  River  at  Bellows  Falls  (Thompson  1842). 

M.\ss. —  Charles,  Merrimac  and  Concord  rivers  (Storer  1839  and 
1859);  Ma.s.sachu.setts  Bay  (B.  S.  X.  II..  Storer  coll.);  West  Yar- 


40  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ISOSPONDYLI. 

CLUPEIDAE. 

mouth  (Lvraau  ISGl);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  Salem  Harbor 
(Goode  &  Bean  1879);  New  Bedford  (Bean  1880);  Menemsha 
Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  ^Yood.s  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith 
1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.  1899);  Riniistick 
Point;  Dutch  Island  Harbor;  Taunton  River  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn.— "Common"  (Linsley  1844);  Noank  (Bean '1880). 

83.     Opisthonema  oglinum  (Le  Sueur). 
Thread  herring. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
432. 

Megalops  orjlina  LeSueur,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1817, 
vol.  1,  p.  359.     "Neavport,  R.  I." 

Chatoesus  signijer  DeKay,  N.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  p.  264,  pi.  41. 

Mass. —  Buzzards  Bay;  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Newport  (LeSueur  1817);  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I. 
Fish  comm.  1899). 

84    Brevoortia  tyrannus  (Latrobe) . 
Menhaden;  Pogy. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
433;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  73,  fig.  195. 

Clupea  tyrannus  Latrobe,  Trans.  Amer.  philos.  soc,  1802,  vol. 
5,  p.  77,  pi.  1.     "Chesapeake  Bay." 

Alosa  menhaden  Storer.  Storer,  IVIem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858,  vol.  6, 
p.  336,  pi.  26,  fig.  4. 

Me. —  "On  our  coast  and  up  rivers  as  far  as  fresh  and  saltwater 
mix"  (AYilliamson  1832);  Mouth  Penobscot  River  (B.  S.  N.  H., 
Storer  coll.);  Passamaquoddy  Bay;  Castine;  Belfast;  Brookline; 
Cranberry  Isles ;  Sargentville;  Matinicus;  New  Haven;  Monhegan; 
Damariscotta ;  Pemaquid;  Wescongus;  Booth  Bay;  Bristol;  Round 


PISCKS.  4 1 

TKLEOSTOMI.  LSOSPONl  )M.I 

(I.rPKTDAE. 

[tDiid;  Waldohoro;  I'oiid  Island;  Portland;  I'inc  I'oint  ((Joode 
1S77);   Ciisnt  Hay  (Lt-e  1885;    Kendall  ('..ll.;  Smith  1«K)2). 

N.  II   - 

M  v.ss. —  Massachusetts  Hay;  I'rovincetDwn  ;  Lynn;  San<l\vi(h 
(Storcr  1S.")9);  Hoston  Hay  (H.  S.  X.  H..  Cutting'  coll.);  Saicin 
(H.  S.  X.  II.,  Hrown  coll.);  \\'ar|Uoit  (Lyman  1S72);  Danvt-rs 
((ioocK'  ^-  Hcan  lS7i>)".  Xortli  Tniro;  Monomoy;  Mcncmsha 
Hii;ht  (Kendall  coll.  ]S«)(i);  Woo<ls  Hole  (Haird  l.S7;i;  Hcan  IS.SU 
and  Smith  1S9S);   Xantncket  (Sharj)  &  Fowler  ll»()4). 

R.  L — Xarragansett  Hay  (R.  I.  Fish  comm.,  18U9);  Conimimt 
(Poi)e  coll.  1894-07). 

Cox.v. —  Loiifj  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844);  Xoank  (Hean 
1880);  Sayhrook  (Kendall  c>)ll.  1800). 

EXGHArLH)Il).\E. 

85.     Amhovia  nH(iw.\ii  ((imelin). 
Striped  anchovy. 

At/icnna  hrowiiii  (imelin,  Syst.  nat.,  17X>^.  vol.  I,  j).  i:!'.i7. 
"jAM.\ir.\." 

Slolcplmrii.s  hnnriiii  (imelin.  .hn'dan  &  Evermami,  Hull.  47, 
r.  S.  nat.  nms,  ls<»(i,  \n.  1,  j).  443. 

M.\.s.S.— Woods   Hole    (Haird    187.)   [/];   Hcan    ISSO   an<l   Smith 


R.  I.— Xarra<;ansett  Hay  (H.  1.  Fish  (  omm.  1800). 
80.      .\\(ii()\i\    AKCYKopii  \\i  s   (Cinicr    ^:    \'alencieimes). 

Silvery  anchovy. 

Etufraulin  arr/jfroplianiis  ('wv.  t^-  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  pois.sous,  1848, 
vol.  21.  |i.    10.     "Eqiatouiai.  Atla.ntic." 

Sfo/i jj/ifini.s  (irffi/ropltamt.s  Cnv.  iK:  \'al.  Jordan  iV  Ivvermann, 
Hull.  47.  r.  S.  nat.  mus..  ISOO.  pt.  1,  p.   111. 

Ma.s.s.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1808). 


42  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ISOSPONDYLl. 

ENGRAULIDIDAE. 

87.  Anxhovia  mitchilli  (Cuvier   &  Valenciennes). 
Whitebait. 

Engraulis  mitchilli  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poiss.,  1848,  vol.  21, 
p.  50.     "New  York;  Carolina;  Lake  Pontchatraix." 

Engraulis  vittaia  Baird  &  Girard.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1858,  vol.  6,  p.  341  [?],  pi.  27,  fig.  3. 

Stolephorus  mitchilli  (Cuvier  &  Valenciennes) .  Jordan  &  Ever- 
mann.  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  446. 

Me.— Casco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.  1907). 

Mass.— Provincetown  (Storer  1859);  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— (Tracy  1906). 

SALMONIDAE. 

88.  Coregonus  quadrilateralis  Richardson. 

Round  whitefish ;  Menominee ;  Frostfish ;  Chiven ;  Billfish ;  Shad- 
waiter. 

Richardson,  Franklin  journ.,  1823,  p.  714,  pi.  25,  fig.  2.  "Fort 
Enterprise,  British  America."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  465.  Kendall,  Bull.  U.  S.  fish, 
comm.,  1903,  vol.  22,  p.  365,  fig. 

Me.— Moosehead  Lake  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Davidson  coll.);  Cleai^ 
water  pond,  Industry;  Umsaskis  of  Allagash  River;  Cross  Lake 
and  Square  Lake  of  Eagle  Lakes,  Aroostook  County  (Kendall 
1903);    Debsconeag  Lakes,  Piscataquis  County  (Kendall  coll.). 

N.  H. —  Lake  Winnepesaukee  (Prescott  1851);  First  Connecti- 
cut Lake  (N.  H.  Fish  comm.  1892). 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain?;  Lake  Memphremagog  (Evermann 
&  Kendall  1894). 

89.  Coregonus  clupeiformis  (Mit chill). 

Whitefish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
465;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  76,  fig.  202. 


I'iscKs.  43 

ti:lko.st(  )MI.  i.susiH  »m  )M.i  . 

>.\I..M(  iMhAl. 

Salnu)  clupcijorvii'i  Mitdiill.  Am«T.  immtlily  majr.  \-  <nt.  rev., 
181S,  vol.  J.  [).  \V1\.     "Sailt  sti:  M akie." 

Vt.— (Storer  1842);  Luke  ('liiiin|)l!iin  ('rii(.ini).s()n  1S42;  18.53 
ami  lOviTinanii   i^'  Kendall  1894). 

UU.       CoUKciONUS   LAHlCADolClt  I  s    Uiclianlsuii. 

Whitefish;  Pound-fish;  Shadwaiter;  Shad;  Gizzard-fish. 

Jordan  &  Evermanii,  Hull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  18%  pt  1,  ]).  4(»(); 
Krndall.  Hull.  U.  S.  fish  connu..  UKKi.  vol.  11,  p.  308,  Hjj. 

Salrru)  {Coreffoniis)  lahradoricu.s  Richardson,  Fauna  Hor.  Anu-r., 
lS3r..  vol.  3,  ]).  200.     "Mu.sQUA  River,  [I.AnnAnou]." 

Me.  -Watei-s  of  the  East  and  West  branches  of  the  St.  (loi.x 
River;  Moosehcad  Lake;  Debsconeaf;  Lakes ;  lakes  of  the  Allagasli; 
St.  Frances  and  Fish  rivi-rs  (Kendall  1903). 

X.  II.  —Lake  WinnejK'saukt'e  (Preseott  1S51). 

Vt. —  Lake  Cluunplain;  Lake  Memphremafiog  (Evermann  <& 
Kendall   1894). 

91.  CoREGONUS  .STANLEYI   Kendall. 

Little  whitefish;  Stanleys  whitefish. 

Kendall.  Hull.  l'.  S.  fish,  coinni..  1903,  vol.  22.  p.  300.  fij:. 
"Mai.ve." 

Me. —  Eafjle  Lakes,  .Vroostook  County  (Kendall  190;^). 

92.  AUGYRO.SOMUS   ARTEDI    (IH-Sueur). 

Cisco;  Lake  hening. 

Jonhm  &  Evermann,  Hull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  1890  pt.  1,  |). 
468.  Evennaini  &  Smith,  Repi.  V .  S.  fish,  connn.  for  1S94.  1890, 
|).  30,  pi.  21. 

Corerjttnxiis  artedi  L<'Sueur,  Journ.  acad.  nal.  sci.  I'liil..  IM.s, 
vol.  1,  p.  23 L     "Lake  Erie;   Niagara  River." 


44  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ISOSPONDYLI. 

SALIMOXIDAE. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Thompson  1842);  Lake  Bomoseen, 
Rutland  County;   Vergennes  (Evermann   &  Kendall  1894). 

93.  Salmo  salar  Linne. 

Salmon;  Sea  salmon. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  308.  "L\  Oceaxo 
EuROPAE."  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858,  vol.  6,  p.  320,  pi. 
25,  fig.  2.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  189G, 
pt.  1,  p.  486. 

Me.—  Kennebec  River  (Mitchill  1818) ;  Affluent  of  Union  River 
{Girard  1854);  notably  in  the  Penobscot;  St.  Croix,  Dennys  riv- 
ers; Penobscot  Bay  and  neighboring  coastal  waters;  Casco  Bay 
(Kendall  coll.). 

X.  H. —  All  along  Merrimac  River  as  far  up  as  Woodstock 
dam  (X.  H.  Fish,  comm.,  1878);  Amoskeag  Falls  (X.  H.  Fish, 
comm.,  1880;  :\Ierrimac  River  (X.  H.  Fish  Coram.  1890). 

YT.^Lake  Champlain;  Connecticut  River,  formerly  (Thomp- 
son 1842). 

Mass. —  Merrimac  River  (Storer  1839,  1859  and  Agas^iz  1859); 
Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  LaAvrence  (X.  H.  Fish  comm.  1878, 
1879,  1880,  1883);  Massachusetts  rivers  (Goode  &  Bean  1879); 
Xorth  Truro  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Buzzards  Bay;  Vineyard  Sound 
(Smith  1898);  off  Tuckernuck,  Xantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L — Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.,  1899);  Sakonnet 
River  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Connecticut  River  (Linsley  1844). 

94.  Salmo  sebago  Girard. 

Landlocked  Salmon;  Fresh-water  salmon;  Blackspot  trout;  Sal- 
mon trout. 

Girard,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1853,  p.  380.  "Southern 
Maine." 


rist'ES.  45 

TKLEOSIOMI.  lS().si'(t.\l»\  1.1. 

S.MMdMD.VK. 

Saltiut  mlar  .srhaf/o  .Innlaii  »K;  Mvcrmann.  IJiill.  17,  l'.  S.  iiat. 
inu.s.,  iS'.Ki,  pt.   1.  j).    1S7. 

Mk. — ■  ()ri»;iiially  in  St.  ('n»i\  Lakes.  (Jraiid  Lakr  and  (irand 
Lake  Stream ;  (Jrccn  Lake  (Rml.s  I'oml)  in  I'liion  River  hasin; 
St'l)ee  Lake,  I\'n(>l).se()t  ha.sin;  Sehaj^o  Lake,  Pre.siiiniKscot  ha.sin; 
now  widely  distributed  l>y  Hsh  etiltiiral  operations.  "  Sel)ag() 
pond"?  (St..nM-  is;{<l);  ((Jirard  IS.".:)). 

9").      CltlSTIVoMKK    NAM\Y(ISII    \Vall)anm. 

Great    Lakes    trout;    Mackinaw   trout;    Namaycush;     Lunge; 
Togue;  Laker;  Lake  trout. 

Jordan  c\:  l^vi-nnaiui,  IJnll.  47,  L  .  S.  nal.  inns.,  IS*.)(1,  pt.  1,  j). 
oOt;    1  *»()(),  i)t.  4,  pi.  SL>,  fi^r.  217. 

Sa  mo  tiamai/cii.sli  \\allianni,  .\rtidi  i'i^i-..  17'.lL\  p.  (iS.  "Ill  d- 
SON    H.\Y." 

Mk. —  ]\io>i  deep  lakes  in  eastern  an<l  nortliern  Maine.  Tlioinp- 
.son  Pond  in  Poland;  Tnnk  Lakes  in  Ilaneoek  eoiuity;  Lakes  of 
the  Upper  Kennelxc.  Penohseot  and  St.  Johns  rivers  and  the  St. 
Croix  system,  Wilton  Pond  (Me.  Fish  eonnn.  l.SdT);  Moosehead 
Lake  ((ioode  lS7t)  and  B.  S.  .\  .  11.,  Davidson  coll.);  llurd  jioiul; 
Mata<;amoii  Lake;  \\  ehster,  Telos,  Chamberlain,  Eafjle,  Chureh- 
ill,  Beau,  (ilasier  lakes;  Eajjle  I..akes,  Aroostook  County,  ]\L)ose- 
head  Lake  (Kendall  roll.  IDOI  an<l  \\){)2). 

N.  11. —  \\  iiniej)esauk«'e  Lake;  Scpiam  Lake;  Last  Pond  in 
Enfield;  Newfound  L;iki'  and  First  aiul  Second  Comieetieut 
lakes  (X.  IL  Fish  coinni.  1S',)J);  First  and  Seeoml  Coinieeticnt 
lakes  (Kendall    &  (Joldshoron^rh  coll.   1!)()4). 

Vt. —  Lake  Cliam|)lain;  ponds  in  ( )rleans  County;  Bellwater 
pond  in  Barton  and  several  ponds  in  (Jlover  and  Charleston 
(Thompson  1S4L');  Lake  Cham|)lain;  Lak»' Memphrema<;o<:;  Cas- 
pian Lake;  Dinnnore;  Willou<;hl»y ;  Maidst«»ne  (Evermaiui  (S: 
Keiulall  1S04). 


46  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ISOSPONDYLI. 

SALMONIDAE. 

96.  Salvelinus  fontinalis  (Mitchill). 
Trout;  Brook  trout;  Red  spot;  Squaretail. 

Jordan  «St:  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  luus.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p. 
506;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  82,  fig.  218. 

Salmo  fontinalis  Mitchill,  Kept.  fish.  N.  Y.,  1814,  p.  12.  "New 
York."  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858,  vol.  0,  p.  322,  pi.  25, 
fig.  3. 

Me. —  Almost  everywhere  in  brooks,  rivers,  ponds  and  lakes. 
Moosehead  Lake  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hamlin  coll.,  David-ion  coll.); 
Belgrade  Lake  (B.  S.  X.  H.). 

N.  H.— Pond,  MonadnockMt.  (Bigdow  1849);  Enfield  (Storer 
1859);  Beaver  Meadow,  Fords,  Mountain,  Clarksville,  Monad- 
nock,  Converse,  Clarks,  Morrills,  Little,  Squam,  Safety,  Bog, 
Big  Dumraer,  Little  Dummer,  Garlands,  Connor,  Bean,  Dan  Hole, 
Pierce,  Stinsons,  Baptist,  Trout,  Boulster,  Chapmans,  Picket  Hill, 
Gilman,  Bear  and  Rocky  Ponds  (N.  H.  Fish  comm.);  Connecticut 
Lakes  and  vicinity  (Kendall  &  Goldsborough  coll.  1904);  Umba- 
gog  Lake,  Molnichwock  Pond  and  Brook,  Androscoggin  River 
(Kendall    &   Goldsborough  coll.   1905). 

Vt. —  Sleeper  River;  tributaries  of  Memphremagog,  Caspian 
Lake  (Evermann   &  Kendall  1894  and  1898). 

Mass.— Sandwich  (Forsyth  1846;  Storer  1839  and  1859); 
Waltham  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Warren  coll.);  Quashnet  River,  Falmouth 
(Kendall  coll.  1894);  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

R.  L — Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899);  small 
streams  in  Foster,  Scituate  and  Gloucester  (Pope  coll.). 

Conn. —  Housatonic  (Linsley  1844);  "Many  Streams"  (Ayres 
1844). 

97.  Salvelinus  agassizii  (Garman). 

Dublin  Pond  trout. 

Salmo  agassizii  Garman,  19th  rept.  Mass.  fish,  comm.,  1885, 
p.  20,  fig.  17,  18.     "Dublin  Pond  (Lake  Monadxock)  X.  H." 


riscEs.  47 

TKLEOSTOMI.  ISOSP(  »M)VI.I. 

SALMON!  I  )Ai:. 

Sdlrelinii.'i  jontinalis  fiffus.tizi  ((Jannaii).     .lunlaii    iV   Mvcrmaim, 
Hull.  17.  r.  S.  iiat.  inns..  ISOC,  pt.  1.  p.  .')()7. 

N.    11.       -Moiiailiioik.   Lakr;    ( "I'liliT  I'uikI   i^Gariiuiii   l^.bo;   and 
X.   II.  iisli  coinin.). 

98.  S.iLVELINU.S    .\UKKOLUS    Ik'Ull. 

Golden  troat;  White  trout;  Silver  trout. 
Ik'un,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  niiis.,   1SS7,  vol.  Id.  p.  028.     "Sunapee 

L.\KE,    N.    11." 

Salvelinii.s  alpinu.s aiireoliis  (Bean).     Jordan  &  Evt-rniann,  Hnll. 
47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1806,  pt.  1.  p.  .')11 ;   1<»()().  pi.  4,  pi.  s:i.  (iij.  220. 

Me.— Flood.s  I'und,  Oti.s,  Hancock  County  (Kendall  coll.  19(W). 
N.  H.— Sunapee  Lake  (Bean  1887  and  1889);    Danhole  Pond 
(N.  11.  ii.sh  comm.  1S90;    Jordan   &  Evermann  189()). 
Vt. —  Averill  Pond.s  (Wentwoitli  coll.). 

99.  Salvelinu.s  oqua.s.sa  (Girard). 

Blueback  trout;  Blueback. 

Jordan    \-  Evermann,  Hull.    17.  V .  ^.  nat.  niiis.,   IS'.Mi.  pi.   1,  |). 
.')I4     1900,  pt.  4.  pi.  83,  HjT.  221. 

ISalmo  (Mjuaxsa  (iirard,  Pntc.   lio.st.  .soe.  nat.  lii.st.,  18.').'{.  vol.  4, 

p.    2(»2.       "MoOSEMEC.WI K      L\KK    *    *    *    Kl.Vl.H AGO." 

Me. —  Moo.slueniaguntie  and  Ofjua.s.sa  lakes,  Kenneha^o 
Stream  (Girard  18o.'i);  Ranj;elev  and  Moo.selucma}.Iuntic  (Me. 
fi.sh  comm.,  1807);  Kenneba<;o  Stream  (Kendall  <<>11.  1900); 
Uanjjeley  Stream  (Kendall  coll.  1901}  and  190h;  Haini)o\v  Lake, 
Piscataqiii.s  C\)unty  ((iarland  190:i  and  P.  04). 


48  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ISOSPOXDYLI. 

ARGENTIXIDAE. 

100.  OSMERUS    MORDAX    (Mitcllill). 

Smelt. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  inus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
523;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  86,  fig.  228. 

Ather ina  mordax  MitchiW,  Rept.  fish.  X.  Y.^  1814,  p.  lo,  "Xew 
York." 

Osmerus  viridescens'LeSueuT.  Store r,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  327,  pi.  25,  fig.  4. 

Me. —  Common  along  the  whole  coast.  St.  Croix  and  other 
AYashington  County  AVaters;  Eastport;  Union,  Penobscot;  Ken- 
nebec; Androscoggin,  Presumpscot  river  basins,  Rockland;  Casco 
Bay  (Kendall  coll.);  Sabattis  Pond  [?]  (Merrill  coll.);  Green  Lake 
[?]  (Race  coll.);  Craigs  Brook  Craigs  and  Toddy  ponds  [  ?] 
(Atkins  coll.). 

N.  H. —  Squam  and  AYinnepesaukee  lakes  (H.  R.  Storer  1857  and 
N.  H.  fish  comm.  1870);  Stocker,  Long,  Sandy  and  Smhh  Ponds 
(N.  H.  fish  comm.). 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlainand  Lake  Memphremagog  (Evermann  & 
Kendall  1894).     . 

Mass.— Jamaica  Pond  (H.  R.  Storer  1857);  Watertown;  [Mil- 
ton River  (Storer  1839  and  1859) ;  Annisquam  (B.  S.  X.  H.) ;  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I. —  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899);  Xarrow  River 
(Tracy  1906). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844);   Xoank  (Bean  1880). 

101.  OsMERUS    SPECTRUM    Cope. 

Wilton  Pond  smelt. 

Cope,  Proc.  Amer.  philos.  soc,  1870,  vol.  11,  p.  490.  "Wilton 
Pond,  Kennebec  County,  Maine." 


PISCES.  49 

TKLEOSTOMI.  ISOSPONDYLI. 

ARCENTIMDAE. 

O.vmrr/z.v  morda.r  .s  pert  rum  (Coju*).     Jordan  »S:  Evcrmann,  Bull.  47, 
r.  S.  iiat.  inus..  1S<)(),  pt.  1,  p.  ')2:i. 

Mk.      "Wilton    I*on«r'    (Copr    1870);     Wil.^on   Pond   (Stanley 
coll.  mu). 

lOJ.       O.S.MEULS    ABMOTTII    CopC. 

Cobbosseecontee  smelt. 

Copt'.   I'l-KC.  AintT.  plliloS.  .S(K-..   1S7(),  vol.   11.  p.    }!>().       "CoHIiO.S- 

SEEcoNTic  Lake." 

O.tmrriis  inurdax  ahboitii  ((.'opt')-     Jordan  &  Everniann.  Bull.  47, 
r.  S.  nat.  nius..  1S<K).  pt.  1.  p.  rvJ4. 

Me. —  C'oljIjo.s.set'C'ontee    Lake    (Cope  1S70;     Slanlcv    &:  Bcrrv 
coll.). 

103.  Argentina  .si lis  A.stanius. 

Herring  smelt. 

Ascanius.   It-on.   rev.   nai.,    17<'>.i.   fasr.  .3.  j).  3.  pi.  24.     "Nor- 
way."    Jordan  &  Evcrniann.  Bull.  47,  1.  S.  !iat.  nius.,  1S9G,  pt.       . 
1.  p.  o2(). 

Mk.       BcJI'a-t;    Biddcfonl  pool  ((ioodc   <Sj  Bean  ISSO). 

INIOMI. 
SYNODOXTIDAE. 

104.  TRAfiiiNocEPHALUS  MYOP.s    Forster). 

Ground  spearing. 

Jordan   &  Hverinann.  Bull.  47,  U.  .">.  nat.  nius.,  1890,  pt.  1.  p. 
533;    HIOO.  pt.  4.  pi.  SS,  (if;.  23."). 

Salnw  mijopx  Forster,  Bloeli   &  Schneider,  Syst.  iciitli.,  lt>01,  p. 
421.     "St.  Helena." 

Mass.  -  \Vood.s  Hole  (Smith   ISOS). 


50  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  INIOMI. 

SYNODONTIDAE. 

105.  Synodus  foetens  (Linne). 
Lizzardfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S96,  pt.  1,  p. 
538;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  88,  fig.  236. 

Salmo  foetens  Linne,  Syst.  nat.  ed.  12,  17()(),  vol.  1,  p.  513.  "  Car- 
olina." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.,  1899). 

MAUROLICIDAE. 

106.  ^Iaurolicus  penxanti   (Walbaum). 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1§96,  vol.  1,  p. 
577. 

Arcjcntina  pennanti  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  47.  "Eng- 
land." 

Scopelns  humboldtii  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858,  vol.  6, 
p.  328,  pi.  25,  fig.  5. 

Ma^irolicus  horealis  Goode  &  Bean,  Oceanic  ichth.,  1896,  p.  96, 
pi.  30,  fig.  111. 

:Mass.— Xahant  (Storer  1839);  Provincetown  (Storer  1859); 
Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

HAPLOMI. 
UMBRIDAE. 

107.  Umbra  limi   (Kirtland). 
Mud  minnow;  Mud  fish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
623. 

Hydrargyra  limi  Kirtland,  Boston  journ.  nat.  hist.,  1841,  vol.  3, 
p.  277,  pi.  2,  fig.  4.     "Northern  Ohio." 

Hydrargia  atricada  [!]  Delvay,  X.  Y.  fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  p.  220. 


PI8CES.  51 

TKLEOSTOMI.  HAPLOMI. 

I'MHHinAI.. 

\  r.  —  Lake  (^liainplaiii  and  Iriljutaries  ('riioinpsoii  1S4J);  "  V'er- 
mont"   (Drkiiv    IS  12). 

lOS.     IMiuiA   i'V(;m\i;a   (Ht-Kay). 

Mud  minnow. 

.Ionian  «^-  KviTiiiami,  Bull.  17.  I  .  S.  iia(.  inns.,  IS'.Xl.  pt.  I.  j). 
024;  10()0,  pt.  4,  pi.  90,  fifj.  20S. 

Lriiri.snts  pjfffiiwra  DcKay,  N.  \.  fauna,   1^12,  pi.    1,  j).  21  I,  |)l. 

42.  (iir.  \:i.    "Tai'pw,  Kocklam)  County.  X.  '\'." 

E8UC1DAE. 
lO'.i.     Ks, )\    xMEKic.wus   (Gnu'lin). 

Banded  pickerel;   short-nose  pickerel;   Trout-nose  pickerel. 

E.s-o.r  Itiriti.s  13  (tiiicriciiniis  (t\\\r\'\\\,  Sysl.  nat.  17SS,  vol.  1,  |).  l.'ilO. 
"  L(J\G    I.SLAM),    X.    V." 

E.wx  fa.<iriatits  DeKay,  X.  \'.  fauna,  1S42.  pi.  4.  |).  224,  p\.  '.i4, 
Hff.  110. 

E.tox  ornatws  Girard.  Storer,  Mem.  .Vnicr.  acad.,  IS.jS,  vol.  6, 
p.  313.  pi.  24,  fig.  2. 

I.iu-iiis  umrricaniuf  (Ginelin).  .Ionian  «!v  Evcrniann,  Hull.  17, 
r.  .'^.  nal.  inus.,  ISOC),  |)t.  1.  |).  12C>. 

Vt. —  Lake  Hoinosen  (Ripley  coll.  lOOo). 

Ma.ss. —  .Sherhurne  (Storer  1S43);  Cliarle.s  River  at  Fniniing- 
liam  ((iirard  1S.54);  Concord  Hiver  (Tlioreau  1S5U,  Putnam  1S.51>); 
Charles  Hiver  at  Wayland  (.Sprague  1S.')9);  East  Lexington 
(H.  .S.  X.  IL.  .Sprague  coll.);  .\ndover  (ii.  .'^.  X.  11. ,  Sanborn 
coll.);  Fre.sh  Pond,  Canil.ridge  (H.  S.  X.  1 1 ..  \:in  \leek  coll.); 
Welle.sley  (li.  S.  .X.  II.,  Denton  coll.);  Wenliani  Lake  ((ioode 
i*C'  Bean  1S79). 

IL  1.  -"Narragansett  Bay"  (U.  L  fish  comm.  1S99). 

Cow. —  Samp-Mortar  River,   Fairfield  (Lin.sley   1S44). 


52  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  HAPLOMI. 

ESOCIDAE. 

110.     Esox  RETicuLATUS  LcSueuF. 
Pickerel;  Grass  pike;  Jack. 

LeSueur,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  ISIS,  vol.  1,  p.  414;  "Cox- 
NECTicuT  River,  Adams,  ]\Ias.s."  Storer,  ]Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1858,  vol.  G,  p.  311,  pi.  24,  fig.  1. 

Lucius  reticulaius  (LeSueur).  Jordan  &  Everniann,  Bull.  47, 
V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  627. 

Me. —  Now  widely  distributed  especially  in  the  southern  half 
of  the  state.  Sebago  Lake  and  outlet  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Putnam  coll.) ; 
St.  Croix  and  other.  Washington  County  waters  (Kendall  1894); 
Union,  Penobscot,  Kennebec,  Androscoggin,  Royals  and  Presump- 
scot  River  basins  (Kendall  coll.). 

N.  H. —  AVinnipesaukee  Lake  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Davidson  coll.); 
Butternut,  Stocker,  Eastmans,  ]^Iiller,  Spectacle,  Angle,  Island, 
Wash,  Long,  Goves,  Whittaker,  Upper,  Cranney,  ^Middle,  Pleas- 
ant, Grassy,  Clarks,  Camp  Swamp,  Little,  Squam,  White-Oak, 
Flints,  Pennichuck,  Rocky,  Larkins,  Hinmans,  Sawyers,  Clay, 
Smiths,  Clements,  Rolfs,  Carrs,  Lhtle  Massabesic,  Otternick, 
Cherry,  Great,  Country,  Halfmoon,  Streeter,  Perch,  Mink,  Young, 
Henry.  Cloughs,  Crooked,  Hothole,  Spaldings,  Cedar,  Berry, 
Round,  Pratts,  Messers,  Otter,  Little  Sunapee,  Suncook,  Jenness, 
Little  Bow,  Harvey,  Knowltons,  Duncan,  Gumpars,  Whites, 
Cunningham,  Pierce,  Jones,  Governors,  Peckus,  Cass,  Sandy  Stin- 
sons.  Loon,  Captains,  Policy,  Worlds  End,  Hunkins,  Station,  Star, 
Bow,  Bolster,  Oilman,  Lovewells,  Province,  Pine  River,  Great 
East,  Bagleys,  Bear,  Jones,  Day,  Bakers,  Line,  Cabots,  Smiths, 
Rus's,  Beach  &  Sargents  Ponds  (X.  H.  fish  comm.). 

Vt. —  Connecticut  River  and  most  of  its  larger  tributaries 
(Thompson  1842);  Lake  Champlain;  Connecticut  River  (Ever- 
mann  &  Kendall  1894). 

Ma.ss. —  Connecticut  River,  Adams  (I^eSueur  1818);  Brew.ster, 
Cape  Cod  (Storer  1839  and  1859);   near  Greenfield  (Ayres  1843); 


riscEs.  53 

TllI.KOSTOMI.  HAPLOMI 

i:s(Hii)\!: 

riiarlcs  Kivcr  (Sprajiiic  is.V));  Mciihaiii  (H.  S.  N.  H.,  Brown 
(•(»ll.);  Kast  (Jlouct'stcr  (U.S.  N.  H..  Davidson  coll.);  (^ua.sluu'l 
Kivtr.  Kalinoiilli  (Kfiidall  coll.    ISUI). 

U.  1.  -  I'ocasscit  liivcr,  l*oiu'j;aiisctt  Reservoir,  ( Jcorjjiaville- 
(I*o|H'  coll.    IS'.>.')) 

Conn.  -  nockainnn  iiivcr,  ahoiil  2  miles  cast  ot"  Ilartt'onl  (.\vres 
lS}:n;    Ilarifonl  (LirisUy  islh. 

ill.     lOsox   1,1  (irs   Litiiie. 

Pike;  Pickerel. 

Liniie.  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10.  175S,  vol.  1.  p.  ;}1  1.     "  Kiitoi-.v." 
Luriu.s  liiriu.s  (Liiuie).     Jonla?i  &  Hvertnaiin.  Hull.  47,  L'.  S.  iia(. 
nius..  l.s<»().  |)(.  1. 1).  <)2S;  1<I()().  |)t.  I.  |.|.  KK).  fij;.  2(l'.». 

\t.  Duiuiion-  Lake.  Salislmrv  ( H.  S.  X.  II.);  Lake  ( "liani- 
|)laiii  and  Lake  Meniplireniagof;  (Evcrniann  &  Kendall  1M)4); 
Lake  Houio.seii  (Ripley  coll.  1«K).')). 

Il_*.      Ks<>\  \i  vst^i  ixoNiiV  Mitcliill. 

Muskalonge. 

.Mitcliill,  Mirror.  1S21.  p.  i>'.l7.  -Lvkk  Kuik."  Jordan  t^ 
KverniaiMi.  Hull.  17.  V.  S.  nat.  nins..  IS'lCi.  jx.  j.  p.  (;2«>;  1<»()(),  |)t. 
I.  pi.   KM),  li;:.  270. 

\'i.  Lamoille  River  ('riiom|).son  1S.")()  and  isr^j);  Lake 
rhamplain  (Hvermami    cV   Kendall   IS'll) 

POKriLlIlUK. 

li;;.     l-"i\i)t  I.I  s  MAJM.is  (Wall)anin). 

Killifish;  Mayfish;  Bass  killy;  Yellowtail. 

(Jarman.  .M«'iii.  inus.  coin|».  /(Mtl..  1.S5>.'>.  vol.  !•.•.  p.  10 1.  pj.  2» 
li^.  .")  (i;  pi.  <».  Hj;.  1  s.  .Jordan  ^:  Kv«Tmaini.  Hull.  17.  V.  S.  nat. 
mils.,  |s«»'..  |)f.  I.  p.  (•,:{'.•;    I'.MM).  pt.   I.  pi.  KII,  (i;;.  271. 


54  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  HAPLOMI. 

POECILIIDAE. 

Cobitis  majalis  Walbaum,  Artetli  Pise,  1792,  p.  12.  "Long 
Island." 

Hudargi/ra  flavula  Val.  Storer,  Mem.  Ainer.  acad.,  1858,  vol.  G, 
p.  309,  pi.  23,  fig.  5,  6. 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole;  near  Boston  (Storer  1842  and  1859); 
Salem  (Wheatland  1859);  West  Yarmouth  (Lyman  ISfil);  Waquoit 
(Lyman  1872);  South  Mill  Pond  [?]  (Goode  &  Bean  1879); 
Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898);  Nan- 
tucket (Sharp    &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L—  Conimicut  (Pope  coll.  1894-97). 

Conn.--  Noank  (Goode  1879). 

114.     FuNDULUS  HETEROCLiTUS  (Linne). 

Killifish;  Mummichog;  Chub;  Minny.    Tomcod;  Cobler.     * 

Garman,  Mem.  mus.  comp.  zool.,  1895,  vol.  19,  p.  97,  pi.  2, 
fig.  2;   pi.  8,  fig.  1. 

Cobiiis  heteroclifa  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  500. 
^'Carolina." 

Funduhts  pisciilenfus  Cuv.  &  Val.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1855,  vol.  5,  p.  294,  pi.  23,  fig.  3,  4. 

Fu)idulu.<i  nigrofasciatii.'i  Cuv.  &  Val.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer. 
acad.,  1855,  vol.  5,  p.  295,  pi.  23,  fig.  1. 

Fumlulus  hricrocJiius  marrolepidoius  (Walbaum).  Jordan  & 
Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  ()41. 

Me.— Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872  and  1892).  Casco  Bay 
(U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1873,  Bean  1880  and  Lee  1885);  ponds  near  New 
Meadows  (Bowdoin  college).  Freeport  (Kendall  coll.  1892,  1898; 
1899,  1900;  1901;  1902;  1903). 

Mass.— Sandwich  (LeSueur  1817);  Holmes  Hole,  (Storer 
1839);  Cambridge;  Boston  (Storer  1855);  Salem  (Wheatland 
1859);   West  Yarmouth  (Lyman  1861);   Waciuoit  (Lyman  1872); 


PISCES.  55 

TKLKOSTOMI.  HA1M.(  ).MI. 

POKCILIIDAK. 

Aimistjuam  ( H.  S.  X.  II.,  ily;iii.  \';iii\'Ir(k  \:  (JardiiuT  coll.); 
Coha-ssct  (H.  S.  N.  II.,  lirvant  coll.);  Woods  Hole  (Hair.  1  lS7:i; 
Hcaii  ISSO  and  Smith  ISOS);   Naiitiickft  (Sliarj>   &  Fowler  1«)()4). 

K.  I.  Newport  (Iy«'Sueiir  1S17);  Xarratjaiisett  Hay  (K.  I. 
fish  coinin.  IS'IV));    Coiiiinu-iit  (Pope  coll.  1MI4  \)7). 

CoNX.  -  Ix)ng  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1S44);  Xnank  ((ioode 
lS7m. 

II.').     FuxDLLUs  DiAPHANUS  (IvcSueur). 

Freshwater  minnow;  Shorefish;  Flathead. 

(ianiiaii,  Mem.  nius.  comp.  zool.,  1X9.5,  vol.  10,  p.  1()L\  j)l.  2. 
lig.  7.  .Jordan  &  Evermann,  Hull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S9(),  |)t.  1, 
p.  (il.j;    1900,  pt.  2,  pi.  103,  fig.  275. 

Ili/ilrargira  diaplunia  Ix'Sueur,  .lourii.  acad.  nat.  sei.  IMiil., 
1817,  vol.  1.  ]).  130.     "Sar.\tog.\  L.\kk.  X.  V." 

Fundulu.s  muUija.sciatu.s  Cuv.  dv-  \'al.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer. 
acad.,  ISoo,  vol.  ."),  p.  29C).  pi.  23.  fig.  2. 

Mk. —  Boyden  and  Pennainacjuan  lakes  and  (Jrand  Lake  .Stream 
(Kendall  &  .Smith  1S94);  Chickawaka  Lake,  Roekland  (Kendall 
coll.  1S9.5);  Craigs  Pond,  Lake  Auljurn.  Cohbosseecontee  Lake; 
.Stillwater  River  (Merrill  eoll.  1S99);  Marranocook  Lake  (Herry 
coll.  1S99);  brook  at  Hrun.swick  (Howdoin  college);  Matagamonsis 
Lake  (Kendall  coll.  1900  and  Smith  1902);  Hurd  ponds;  Cros.s 
Lake  'rh(»roughfare  (  Kendall  coll.  1901);  Fhxxls  pond  and  outlet 
(Kendall  coll.    1902). 

Mas.'^.-- (\)ncord:  Lowell  (.'^toriT  is.")."));  Fresh  Pond.  (  ain- 
bridge  (H.  S.  X.  IL,  I'utnain  coll.);  Anni.s<|uam  (H.  S.  X.  II., 
Ilvatt.  \'an\'leck  &  (lardiner  coll.);  Wenhain  Lake  (Cioodc  \ 
Bean  1S79);  Qua.shnet  River,  Falmouth  (Kendall  coll.  1S94); 
\Vo(.ds  Hole  (Haird  1873;  Smith  1898). 

I{.   I.       "Xarragan-sett  Bay"  (R.  1.  Fish  Conini.   IS99). 

("o.w. —  "Conunon"   (Linsley    lsl4). 


56  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELE08T0MI.  HAPLOMI. 

POECILIIDAE. 

116.     LucAxiA  PARVA  (Baird  &  Girard). 
Rainwater  fish. 

Garman,  Mem.  iniis.  comp.  zool.,  1895,  vol.  19,  p.  93,  pi.  3,  fig.  3. 
Jordan  &  Everinann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  pt.  1,  p.  (365; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  109,  fig.  292. 

Cijprinodon  parvus  Baird  &  Girard,  Rept.  9,  Smithsonian  inst., 
1855,  p.  345.     "Greenport,  LonCx  Islaxd." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

117.  Cyprixodox  variegatus  Lacepede. 
Sheepshead  minnow. 

Lacepede,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1803,  vol.  5,  p.  486.  "South 
Carolixa."  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867,  vol.  9,  p.  255. 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  671; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  Ill,  fig.  296. 

Mass.— West  Yarmouth  (Lyman  1861);  Cape  Cod  (Storer 
1867);  Falmouth;  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and 
Smith  1898). 

Conn.— "Common";  Long  Lsland  Sound  (Linslev  1844); 
Noank  (Bean  1880). 

SYNENTOGXATHI. 
BELONIDAE. 

118.  Tylosurus  marinus  (Walbaum). 
Garfish;  Silver  gar;  Billfish, 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  714. 

Esox  marinus  Walbaum,  Artedi    Pise.,    1792,    p.   88. 

Belojie  truncata  LeSueur.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  314,  pi.  24,  fig.  3. 


rfscES.  T)? 

TELKC  )S T(  )M  I .  .SYNi:XT(  )f  ;\  ATI  1 1 

HKI.OMDAH. 

Mk. —  Wolfsiu'ck,  Frt'cport,  Casco  Bay  (Ki'mlall  coll.). 

Mass.  -  IIoliiH's  IloU*  (Storor  ls;i9  aii(I  1S')'.>);  \'iiu'var(l  Soiiiul 
(H.  S.  X.  II.,  Ston-r  and  KiicclaiHl  coll.);  ^V:llllloit  (Lyman  1S72); 
(Jrcat  Tishury  Pond,  Marthas  N'incyard  (H.  .S.  .\.  II.,  Davi.s  coll.) ; 
Moiioinoy  (Kendall  coll.  IS'JO);  Woods  Hole  (Haird  IST'.i;  Bean 
ISSO  and  Smith    1S«)S). 

R.  I. —  Newport  (Ix*Suenr  1S21);  Narraf^an.sett  Bay  (K.  I.  fish 
comm.  1SW>);  Wickford  (Tracy  IDOd). 

Conn. —  Stratford;  Hartford  (Linslcy  1844);  Connecticut  River 
near  Hartford  (Ayres  1S44);    Xoank  (B«'an  ISSO). 

U'.t.     TvLosLKis  .\(  Ls  ;^Lace|>cde). 
Houndfish. 

Jordan  i^  Evcrmunn,  Bull.  47,  V.  .S.  nat.  inus.,  ISOO,  j)(.  1.  p. 
710;    HKM).  pt.  I.  pi.  IKi,  fifr.  M)\). 

Sphi/rna  f/c«.v  Laeepedc,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  ISO.'},  vol.  ."),  p.  0, 
pi.  I.  fij;.  '.i.     "Mahtinkjit.." 

M.\ss.— Woods  Hole  (Bean  ISStJ  and  Smith  1S<»S);  Buzzards 
Bay  (Smith  1S<)S);   Nantucket  (Sharp  c^-  Fowler  l<.t()l). 

120.  .Xtmi.f.wks  iii.ws  (Cuvier   cS:  ^'alenciennes). 

Jordan  »^-  Kverniaiin.  Hull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  mus.,  iSlXi,  ])i.  I ,  p.  7 IS. 
Bull.  r.  S.  fish  comm..  WHl'),  vol.  23,  pt.  1.  p.  12').  fij;.  40. 

lirlonr  liian.s  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  IMO,  vol.  IS.  p. 
432.     "IIwANA,   Haiiia." 

.Mass.       Woods   Hole  (Smith    ISOS). 

iii;miiuiamimiii)ak. 

121.  IlveoHiiAMi'iiLs  KoHKKTi  (Cuvier  &  \'alcnciennes). 
Half  beak. 

Jordan  <.V  Kvermami,  Bull.  17,  I  .  .'^.  nat.  mus..  1K0().  pt.  1.  |). 
721  ;   loot),  j.l.   I.  1)1.  117,  fi<r.  312. 


58  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  SYNENTOGNATHI. 

HEMIRHAMPHIDAE. 

Ilemirham'phus  roberti  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  luit.  poissons,  1846,  vol. 
19,  p.  24.    "Cayenne." 

Mass. —  Vineyard  Sound:   Menemsha  Biglit  (Smith  1S9S). 
R.  I. —  Newport  (Cope  1870);    Narragansett  Bay    (II.  I.    fish 
coram.  1899). 

122.  EuLEPTORHAMPHUS  VELOX  Poey. 

Poey,  Synopsis,  1867,  p.  383.  "Cuba."  Jordan  &  Evermann, 
Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896.  pt.  1,  p.  724. 

Mass. —  Off  Nantucket,  (Putnam  1870). 
R.  I.— Newport  (Goode  1879). 

SCOMBERESOCIDAE. 

123.  ScoMBERESOx  SAURUS   (Walbaum). 
Billfish;  Needlefish. 

Jordan   &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 

725;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  117,  fig.  314. 

Esox saurm  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  93.     "Cornwall." 
Scomberesox  storeri  DeKay.     Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 

vol.  6,  p.  315,  pi.  24.  fig.  4.      • 

Me. —  ]Monhegan  (Goode  &  Bean  1879) ;  Small  Point,  Casco 
Bay  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Old  Orchard  (Bowdoin  college  1898). 

Mass. —  Cape  Cod;  Nantucket  Shoals  (Storer  1839);  Province- 
town  (Storer  1859);  Weir  River,  Hingham  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Grutman 
coll.);  Annisquam  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt  &  VanVleck  coll.  1879); 
]\Iassachusetts  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Cape  Cod  (Bean  1880); 
Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith   1898). 

R.I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.,  1899);  Newport 
(Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844). 


riscKS.  59 

TELK( )S'R).MI .  S V XFA'K M  , N  A  1  111. 

EXoroKTIDAi:. 

121.     pAHF-xofOF/rrs  mesooastf-u  (Blodi). 

Black -wing  Flyingfish. 

Jordan  &  EviTiiuimi,  Hull.  17.  I  .  .*^.  ual.  iiiiis..  iS'.Ki,  jji.  1.  p. 
72S. 

Exorortit.s  me.toga.iter  Hlodi,  Iditliyolo^ia  179."),  |il.  :i\)\). 

\{.  I.  -lilock  Island  ((ioodc  1S7'.>);  Nc\vj)ort  (Jordan  &  Moek 
ISSo). 

125.       EXOCOETLS    VoI.ITANs     LiniU*. 

Flyingfish. 

Liinu',  Sy.st.  nat.,  ed.  10,  \7')^,  vol.  1,  p.  old.  '"in  Ai.m  i'Ki.Afio, 
EuuoPAEO  &  AmericanT)"  *  *  *.  Jordan  &  Evcrinaini.  Bull. 
47,  U.  S.  nat.  mas.,  1890.  pt.  1,  p.  731;   1«.»()().  pt.  1,  \A.  lis.  H^'.  :ns. 

Ma.S.s. —  Vineyard  Sound;    Woods  Hole  (Haird   ]S7.>  and  .'^iiiilli 
1898). 
CoN'N'. —  New  Ilavn;    Sioninijton  (I^inslry  1844). 

12().      EXOCOETU.S  RONDELETII  Cuvicr    \-   \  a IcnciciHlcs. 

Flyingfish. 

Ciiv.  i*^' \  al..  lli>l.  ual.  poiNN(Hi>,  1S4().  v(tl.  l!»,  p.  I  I ."),  "  N  \ri.i:>; 
Sicily;  (  "a.nakiks."  Jordan  &  Kvennaini,  Bull.  47.  I  .  >.  nat. 
mus.,  1890.  pt.  1.  ]).  I'.i'.i;    1900.  pt.  4,  pi.  118,  fijr.  'Ml. 

Mass.— Meneinslia  Bijrht  (Smith  1901). 

127.     CYi'sii.rHU.s  HETEKURUs  (Hafiiu'.s(pie). 

Flyingfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  17,  l'.  .S.  nat.  nnis.,  1898,  pt.  '.i,  p. 
28;j(). 


60  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  SYNENTOGNATHI. 

EXOCOETIDAE. 

Exocoetus  heierurus  Rafinesque,  Caratteri  di  alcuni  nuovi  generi, 
ISIO,  p.  58.  "Palermo."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus.,  1S9G,  pt.  1,  p.  735. 

Exocoetus  novehoracensis  Mitchill.  DcKay,  N.  Y.,  fauna,  1S42, 
pt.  4,  ]).  230,  pi.  36,  fig.  114. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole;   Menemsha  Bight  (Smith  1900). 
R.  I.— Block  Island  (Goode  1S79). 

128.  CYPSiLURrs  FURCATUS  (Mitchill). 

Flying-fish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  283G. 
Exocoetus   furcatus    Mitchill,  Trans,  lit.  and    phil.  soc.  N.  Y., 
1815,  vol.  1,  149. 

H.  I.— Newport  (Jordan   &  INIcck  1885  and  Tracy  1900). 

129.  Cypsilurus  gibbifrons  (Cuvicr  &  Valenciennes). 
Flyingfish. 

Jordan   &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 

2836. 

Exocoetus  gibbifrons,  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1846,  vol. 
19,  p.  118.  "Atlantic."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  741. 

R.  I. —  Newport  (Jordan  &  Evermann  1896). 

HEMIBRANCHI. 
GASTEROSTEIDAE. 

130.  EucALiA  iNCONSTANS  (Kirtland). 

Brook  Stickleback. 

.Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
744. 


PISCES.  61 

TELF.OSTOMI.  IIF.MinRAXCHII. 

fJASTKROSTKIDAi:. 

GaJtU'ro.ffnix  InrnnfitanM  Kirtlaiid.  Host,  joiiru.  nat.  lii>l.,  \^i\, 
vol.  3,  p.  'J7:{.  pi.  2,  n<x.  1.     "Tur.MHii.i.  Colxty,  Ohio." 

Mk.      'I'rilmtarv  Itrook  (»f  (\)bl)o.s.seecontoc  Lake  (Smith   1000; 
Km.  la  1 1  !'.»();{). 
Vt. —  Moiitli  of  Frinkliii  Brook  (Kvrniiami   c^'  Kciulall  1S94). 

i;}l.     PiN(;iTiis  piNGiTirs  (Liiin6). 
Nine-spined  stickleback. 

Ga.tirwMcus  piiiKjitlii.s  Linm'.  Svst.  nat.,  cd.  10,  17')S,  vol.  1, 
p.  2i)(').  "ErnofA."  .Storcr,  Mnn.  .Viner.  acatl.,  IS."):},  vol.  o, 
p.  in,  pi.  S.  fijr.  .). 

I'i/(/n.steii.s  pungitiii.s  Jordan  t^'  Kvcrinaiiii.  Hull.  17,  I  .  S.  nat. 
mus.,  ISIK"),  pt.  1,  J).  74o. 

Mk.  -  Kciim'hec  County  (Storer  1S.37);  Ea,st|)ort  (U.  S.  nat. 
mas.  1S72);  Brunswiok  (Bowdoin  college  ISOO);  CJrainl  Lake 
Stream  (Kendall  lNi)4);  Casco  Hay  (Ix*e  1SS5);  Freeport  ( Kendall 
coll.);  Cross  Lake  Thoroughfare,  Aroostook  (\)nnty  (Kendall  coll. 
1<K)1  and  15)03);   Sehois  River  (Kendall  coll.  I'.KL'). 

^L\.ss.— Salem  (St orer  IS."}'));  Salem  (Wheatlan.l  l.s.")0);  Fresh- 
waterpond,  Annis(|uam  (B.  S.  N.  IL,  Hyatt,  \'an  \'le(k  &  (Jardiner 
coll.);  (^iiashnet  River,  Falmouth  (Kendall  coll.  1S94);  Wood.s 
Hole   (Baird    1S73;    Bean  ISSO  and  Smith  1S9S). 

R.  L— (Tracy  190G). 

Cow. —  Housatonic  (Linslcy  1S44);  Hockarniin  River  (.\yres 
1S44). 

1. ■{■_'.       (  I  AST  P:  HOST  ELS    ACL  I.KATl'.S    Linil^'. 

Three-spined  stickleback;  Thornback;  stickleback;  Hompout. 

Linn^',  Sy.st.  nat.  ed.  10.  l7r)S,  vol.  1.  |..  2<.t.'».  "Kihopa." 
Jordan  &  Kvermami.  Bull.  17,  l'.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  ISUO,  |»i.  I.  p.  717; 
HMM),  pi.  «K>,  fig.  :}20. 


62  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  HEMIBRANCHII. 

GASTEROSTEIDAE. 

Gasterosieus  hispino.nis  Walbaum.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull. 
47,  U.  S.  Nat.  Mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  748. 

Gasterosieus  biaculeatus  Mitchill.  Storer,  Mem.  Araer.  acad., 
1853,  vol.  5,  p.  88,  pi.  8,  fig.  2,  3. 

Me.— Eastport  (U.  S.  nat  mus.  1872;  Kendall  coll.  1893); 
Rockland  (Kendall  coll.  1895) ;  Casco  Bay  and  tributary  waters 
(Kendall  coll.);  New  Meadows  River  (Bowdoin  College);  Brook 
in  Brunswick  (Kendall  coll.  1903). 

Mass. —  Provincetown ;  Boston  (Storer  1839);  Nahant;  Brookline 
(Storer  1853) ;  Salem  (Wheatland  1859);  Annisquam  (B.  S.  N.  H., 
Hyatt,  VanVleck  &  Gardiner  coll.);  Cohasset  (B.  S.  N.  H., 
Bryant  coll.);  Maiden  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Sandborn  coll.);  Wood's  Hole 
(Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844);  Noank  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt 
&  Rathbun  coll.). 

133.     Gastekosteus  atkinsii  Bean. 
Freshwater  stickleback. 

Bean,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1879,  vol.  2,  p.  67.  "Schoodic 
Lakes,  Me." 

Gasterosieus  bispinosus  aikinsri  (Bean).  Jordan  &  Evermann, 
Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  748. 

Me.  —  Grand  Lake  Stream  (Bean  1879) ;  Tributary  of  Cob- 
bosseccontee  Lake  (Kendall  coll.  1899) ;  Lake  x\uburn  (Kendall 
coll.  1900);  Billfish  Brook,  tributary  Matagamon  River;  Mata- 
gamonsis,  Webster,  Telos,  Chamberlain,  Eagle,  Churchill  and 
Glasier,  lakes;  Allagash  River  and  Cross  Lake  Thoroughfare 
(Kendall  coll.  1901);  Matagamon  W^aters  (Smith  1902);  Moose- 
head  Lake  (Kendall  coll.  1902);  Floods  Pond  (Kendall  coll.  1903). 


PISCES.  63 

TELKOSTOMI.  HK.MIHKANCHI. 

(lASTKKOSTKIDAE. 

l'A\.     (iAsiKUosTKis  nisi'iNosrs  \Vall)auni. 

Two-spined  stickleback. 

\Vall)aniii,  Artcdi  I'i.sr.,  171>L'.  )>.  4.')(l.  ■"  Nkak  Ni:\\  ^Okk, 
Hkmi'stkad,  I..  I.] " 

GaMerotitru.'i  whcathimli  Putnam.  .Stoivr,  .Mem.  Aiiicr.  acad., 
1S()7.  vol.  I),  p.  27'.>. 

GasiernsU'Uii  gladiiinnilii.s-  Kriidall.  .Ionian  c^-  Everniami.  Hull. 
47,  U.  S.  nat.  nuis..  1S9S.  pt.  .i.  ]..  2s;i(i. 

Me. —  Alonfj  tiu'  wlioU'  foast  in  salt  ami  hrackish  water.  Bay 
of  Fundy  (Bowdoin  college  1891);  Creek  at  Small  roini,  (  a.sco 
Bay;  off  Monhegan  Island  (Kendall  (nil.  1S*»(»);  Porters  Landing, 
Freeport  (Kendall  coll.  189S;  1S99.  19(M)  and  19():i);  New  Mead- 
ow.s  River  (Bowdoin  college  1901). 

Ma.ss. —  Swamp-scott  (M.  (\  Z.);  Xaliant  (.'^torer  1SG7) ;  Woods 
Hole  (Smith  1898). 

Conn.— Stratford  [?]  (Linsley  1844). 

l.i").       .\PELTE.S    QUADRACLS    (Mitcllill). 

Four-spined  stickleback;  Bloody  stickleback. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  I'.  S.  nat.  inns..  1S9().  pt.  1,  p. 
752;   19(X),  pt.  4.  pi.  120,  Hg.  322. 

Gasterosteuft  quadmcuN  Mitcliill.  Trans,  lit.  di:  pliilos.  .soe.  N.  \  ., 
181.5,  vol.  1,  p.  430.  "New  Vouk."  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1853,  vol.  5,  p.  89.  pi.  8.  fig.  4. 

Me. —  Along  the  whole  coast  in  bracki.sh  water.  Ea.stport 
(U.  S.  nat.  mu.s.  1872);  Ca.sco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  inus.  1873);  Chick- 
awaka  Lake  and  outlet,  Rockland  (Smith  cV  Kendall  1890);  Free- 
port  (Kendall  coll.  1898-1903). 

Ma.s.s.— Salem  (Storer  1839  and  Wheatland  1859);  from 
lioston  to  Provincctown  (Storer  1853);    freshwater  pond,  Anni.s- 


64  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  HEMIBRANCHII. 

GASTEROSTEIDAE. 

qiiam  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt,  VanVleck  &  Gardiner  coll.); 
Quashnet  River,  Falmouth  (Kendall  coll.  1894);  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1873;    Bean  1880  and  Smith   1898). 

R.  I.— Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

Conn. —  Hartford;  Stonington;  Stratford  (Linsley  1844);  Xo- 
ank  (Bean  1880). 

FISTULARIIDAE. 

136.  FiSTULARiA  TABACARiA  Linne. 
Trumpetfish. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  312.  "In  America." 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  757. 

Fistularia  scrrafa  Bloch.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858,  vol. 
6,  p.  318,  pi.  25,  fig.  1. 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1839;  1849  and  1859);  Rock- 
port  (Goode  &  Bean  1879) ;  Woods  Hole  (Goode  1879) ;  Buzzards 
Bay  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.—  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

MACRORHAMPHOSIDAE. 

137.  DklACRORHAMPHOSUS  scoLOPAX  (Linne). 
Snipefish. 

Goode  &  Bean,  Oceanic  ichth.,  1896,  p.  483,  pi.  117,  fig.  396. 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  759, 

BaUstes  scolopax  Linne,  Syst.  nat.  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  329. 
"Mediterranean." 

Mass. —  Provincetown  (Storer  1857;  Goode  &  Bean  1879); 
Massachusetts  Bay  (Goode   &  Bean  1896). 


piscKs.  65 

TELEOSTOMI.  I.orilOHRANCllir. 

SYNC.XATHIDAE. 

l.'?s.     Syngxatmus  Fusrus  StonT. 

Pipefish. 

Storer.  Ufj)()rt.  is;i<),  p.  KlL'.    "Naiia.m,  Hoi.mks  lloi.i:  [Mas.s.]." 
SipliDsfoma  fuM-iim  (SlortT).        Jordan  (!v  Kvcnnaiin.  Tiiill.  17.  I'. 

S.  nat.  mus.,  1S0(),  pt.  1,  p.  770. 

Sifuffrintltii.t  pcrkiatuis  Storer,  Rej)ort,  \S'.i\),  p.  IG^i,  pi.  1,  fig.  2, 

and   Mem.  .\iiut.  acad..   ISd:}.  vol.  S,   p.  412,  ])1.  33,  fig.  3. 

Me.— Eastport  (U.  S.  Fi.sh  Coniin.  coll.  IS'JO;  Kt-ndall  coll. 
1893);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mas.  1SS7;  I>ee  18S5;  Bowdoin  Col- 
lege; Kendall  coll.  1898-1900);  olF  the  coa.st  (Kendall  coll.  1895). 

N.  H. —  Piscataqua  River. 

Mas.s. —  Xaliant;  Ilohncs  Hole  (Storer  1839);  We.st  Yarmouth 
(Lyman  1861);  Boston  Harbor  (Storer  18G3);  Massachu.setts  Bay 
(B.  S.  X  H.,  Storer  coll.,  Cutting  coll.);  Cohasset,  Boston  (B.  S. 
X.  H.,  Bryant  coll.,  Knct'land  coll.);  Aimis(|uam  (B.  S.  X.  II., 
Hyatt.  \'aii  \'l«'ck  I'v:  (Jardincr  coll.);  (^apc.Vnn;  Swampscot  (B. 
S.  X.  II.),  (ape  Cod  (Storer  [Putnam]  1S()7);  Salem;  Beverly 
Bridge  ((loode  &  Bean  1879);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S73;  Bean 
1880  and  Smith  1898);   Xantucket  (Sharj)  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. — Xarragan.sett  Bay  (R  .1.  fish  comm.  1899  and  Poj)e  coll.). 

OoXN'. —  Stratford  (Linsley  1844);  Long  Island  Sound,  off 
Stratford;  Bridgc|)ort;  Middle  (Iround;  Pcnficld  Reef  (Kendall 
coll.,  1890);  ott'S.  W.  Ledge;  oil"  Branford  Beacon;  off  Xor walk 
Light  Hou.se  (K<-M(lall  (•(.!!.  ls!i2). 

139.     HiPforAMPU.s  hl'dsoxius  DeKay. 

Sea-horse. 

DeKay,  X.  Y.  fauna,  is  12.  pt.  1.  p.  322,  pi.  r)3,  fig.  171.  "Xkw 
\'(ti{K."  .Storer,  M«'m.  Amer.  aead.,  1S()3,  vol.  8,  p.  41(),  |)1.  33, 
fig.  4.  Jordan  «!v:  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  inu^.,  l"s»M'».  pt. 
1.  p.  777;    19(10,  pt.  4.  pi.  122,  fig.  327. 


, 


66  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  LOPHOBRANCHII. 

SYNGNATHIDAE. 

Mass. —  Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1839  and  1S63);  Provincetown. 
(Atwood  1850);  ^Massachusetts  Bay?  (Goode  &  Bean  1S79); 
Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

ACANTHOPTERI. 
PERCOPSIDAE. 

140.  Percopsis  guttatus  Agassiz. 
Trout-perch;  Sand  roller. 

Agassiz,  Lake  Superior,  ISoO,  p.  286.  "Lake  Superior." 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  784 ; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  121,  fig.  329. 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain;  Winooski  River  (Thompson  1850  and 
1853). 

ATHERINIDAE. 

141.  Menidia  beryllixa  cere  a  Kendall. 

Waxen  silverside. 

Kendall,  Rept.  U.  S.  fish  comm.,  1901,  1902,  p.  261,  .  fig. 
"WooD.s  Hole." 

Menidia  gracilis  (Giinther).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  797. 

^Iass. —  Truro;  Sandwich;  Falmouth;  Woods  Hole;  ^Yareham 
River;    New  Bedford  (Kendall  1901). 

R.  L—  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

142.  [NIexidia  :mexidia  xotata  (Mitchill). 

Silversides;  Britt;  Sand  smelt;  Capelin. 

.Jordan  &  Evermann.  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3.  p. 
2840. 


PISCES.  07 

TELEOSTOMl.  ACAXTIK  )1T1:KI. 

ATHKHINinAE. 

Alhrriuii  iKilnlu  Milrliill,  Tranii.  lit.  cV  |)liilo.s.  soc  N.  \  .,  iNl.), 
vol.  1.  p.  nCt.  "Nkw  Vohk."  Stoixr,  Mciii.  Aiiut.  acad.,  ISo-J, 
vol.  .J,  J).  Ki.").  pi.  Id.  Hj;.  1. 

Mcnidia  naUitd  (Mitcliill).  .Ionian  ds:  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  inus..  l.S9(;.  jx.  I.  p.  SOO. 

Mi;. —  .Mong  the  wiiolc  <'oa.st;  Eastpori  (Kciulall  loll.  1SU3); 
Orlantl  (IJean  ISSO);  ('as<<)  Hav  (V .  .S.  nat.  mus.  IST."^:  Keixiall 
coil..   18'J2;    1S9S-19()2). 

N.  II. —  Pisrataqua  River  (Storer  185;3). 

M.\.ss. —  Provincetowu ;  Holiurs  Hole  (Storer  1.S39);  West 
Yannoutii  (Lyman  ISGI);  Charles  River  (Storer  1853);  Annisqnani 
(B.  S.  X.  II..  Ilvatt.  Van  VlecU  <Sj  (ianliner  eoll.);  fJlouee.ster 
(Kendall  190.3);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S73;  Bean  1880  and  Smith 
1898);    Nantucket  (Sharj)   &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.  —  Xarraijansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  eomiii.  1.S99);  Coiiimicut 
(Pope  coll.   1894-97). 

CoXN.— Stratford  (Lin.siey  1844);  Xoank  (B.  S.  X.  II.,  Hyatt 
&  and  Rathbun  coll.);  Bridcjeport  (Kendall  coll.,  1890). 

mugilidae; 

143.     MuGiL  CEPH.\LUS  Linn^. 

Striped  mullet. 

Lirui6,  Sy.st.  nat.,  eil.  10,  17.")^.  vol.  1.  p.  3U».  "i.\  Ocka.no 
EfHopAKO."  .Jordan  &  Evermaini,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius., 
189(),  pt.  1,  p.  M  1 ;    19(M),  pt.  4.  pi.  12(;,  fig.  343. 

Miujil  Hiirntu.s  Mitcliill.  Storer,  Mem.  .\mer.  acad.,  185^3,  vol. 
5,  p.  1(»7,  |)l.  1(),  fifi.  4. 

.Ml..      Wolfsneek,  Casco  Bay  (Ivciidall   1903  and  Smith   1902). 
M  VS.S. ^  Provineetown    (Storer   iS.Vi  and    18.')3'):    Woods   Hole 
(Baird  1873;    Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 


68  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


• 


TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

MUGILID.AE. 

R.  I.— Newport  (Bean  1880);  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish 
comm.    1899). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

144.  MuGiL  CUREMA  Cuvier  &  Valenciennes. 
White  mullet. 

Cuv.  &.  Val.  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1836,  vol.  11,  p.  87.  "Brazil; 
INIartinique;  Cuba."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat. 
mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  813;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  126,  fig.  344. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 
R.  I.— Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.,  1899). 

145.  INIuGiL  trichodon  Poey. 
Fantail  mullet. 

Poey,  Ann.  Lye.  nat.  hist.  X.  Y.,  1875,  vol.  11,  p.  66,  pi.  8,  fig.  4-6. 
"Cuba."  Jordan  &:  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896, 
pt.  1,  p.  816. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Sinith  1898). 
CoNX. —  Stonington    (Linsley    1844). 

SPHYRAENIDAE. 

146.  Sphyraena   barracuda    (Walbaum). 
Barracuda. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2841;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  128,  fig.  349. 

Esox  barracuda  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  94. 

Sphyraena  picuda  Bloch  &  Schneider.  Jordan  &  Evermann, 
Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  823. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smhh  1898). 


PISCES.  69 

TKLIXKSTOMI.  '  ACANTHI  )1TKH  I. 

SIMIVII  AI.XIDAK. 

117.     Si'iiVKAKW  crACHANciio  (iivitr  tS:  X'ali'iicieiincs. 

Barracuda;  Guagiiancho. 

Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist,  nat.poissons,  1S20.  vol.li,  j).  342.  •  11  w  aw." 
.Ionian   c^-  Evonnaiin,  Hull.   17,  V .  S.  iial.  iiiiis..  iS'Mi,  |it.  1,  |».  MM. 

M.\S.*«.— Woods  Hole  (Goode  &  Hi-an  ISNO);  Woods  Hole  aii.i 
Buzzards  Bay  (Suiitii  ISOS). 

R.  I.— Xarrajransett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  ooinui.  ISOO);  Willow  Beach, 
u.-ar  Wickfonl  (Tracy  lilO()). 

14S.     Si'HYRAFAA  noHKAi.i.s  IX'Kay. 
Northern  barracuda. 

DcKay,  \.  V.  Fauna.  1S42,  ])X.  4,  j).  37,  \)\.  00.  fi^.  I'.HJ.  "Xkw 
\'<)RK."  ."-Jtorcr.  Mem.  .\nu>r.  acad.,  1853,  vol.  .5,  p.  1()3.  j)l.  12,  fif;. 
3.  Jordan  &  Evcrniann,  Bull.  47,  T'.  .S.  nat.  mus.,  iS'.Ki,  j)t.  1,  p. 
825. 

M.\ss.—  Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1843  d  and  1853);  Marthas  Vine- 
yard (B.  S.  .\".  II.,  Storer  coll.);  Woods  Hole  (Bean  1880^  and 
Smith  1808);  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898). 

POLYiNEMlDAE. 
14".t.     l'iii.vi)A(  ivi.is   ocToxEMi'.'?   (Girard). 
Threadfin. 

.Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S*)(),  pt.  1.  |). 
830;   11)(X).  pt.  4.  J)!.  128,  fij^.  350. 

Poli/iirmufi  ortoficmu.'t  Girard,  Proc.  aead.  nat.  sei.  Phil..  1S58.  p. 
ir»7.     "BuAZo;   Santiago;   Galveston." 

Mas.s.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1808). 

AMMODVTIDAE. 
l.')0.     .\m\ioi)vtk.s  Dinns  Reinh.irdt. 
Sand  Launce ;  Lant. 
Reiniuirdt,  Konp.  Dansk.  vid.  selsk.  .M'h.,  1838,  vol.  7,  p.  132. 


70  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERl. 

ANIMODYTIDAE. 

"Greenland."     Storer,  Mem.  Airier,  acad.,  1867,  vol.  9,  p.  2<S1. 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  832. 

Mass.— Boston  (Giinther  1862);  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

151.     Ammodytes  americanus   DeKay. 
SandLaunce;  Lant;  Sand  eel. 
DeKay,  N.  Y.  Fauna,  1842,  pt.  4,  p.  317,  pi.  52,  fig.  167. 


Storer,  ]Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1863,  vol.  8,  p.  410,  pi.  33,  fig.  2.  Jor- 
dan &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  833; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  129,  fig.  351. 

Me.— Eastport  (Kendall  coll.  1893);  Small  Point,  Casco  Bay 
(Kendall  coll.  1896). 

Mass. —  Holmes  Hole;  Provineetown  (Storer  1863);  Nan- 
tucket (Bean  1880);  North  Truro;  Monomoy;  Menemsha  Bight 
(Kendall  coll.  1896);  Gloucester  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt,  VanVleck 
and  Gardiner  coll.);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and 
Smith  1898). 

R.  I.—  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound;  Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

HOLOCENTRIDAE. 
152.     HoLOCENTRUS  ASCENSiONis  (Osbeck). 
Squirrelfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  ])t.  1,  p. 
849;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  131,  fig.  138. 

Perca  ascensionis  Osbeck,  Iter  in  China,  1771,  p.  388,  "Ascen- 
sion Island." 

Mass.— Katama  Bay  [?]  (Bean  1899  and  Smith?  1900). 
R.  I.— Newport  (Goode  1879). 


PISCES.  7 1 

TELHUSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTKKI. 

MULLIDAE. 

l.").{.      MuLLUS  AURATUS  (Jordan    &  Gilbert). 
Surmullet. 

Jordan  &  Evennann,  Hull.  47,  V.  S.  iiat.  inus.,  ISOG,  pt.  1,  p. 
8")():   19(K).  pt.  4,  pi.  132,  fifj.  360. 

Mullu.t  Imrlxitiui  auratiis  Jordan  &  Gilbert.  Proe.  l'.  .S.  nat. 
inus..  18S2,  vol.  5,  p.  280.     "  Pexs.vcola." 

Mas-s.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  ISOS). 

SCO.MRHlD.Vi:. 
154.      .SCOMBKR  SCOMBRI'S   Linu^. 
Mackerel. 

Linn^,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10,  1758.  vol.  1,  p.  2'J7.  "i\  Oceano 
Atl.\.\tico."  Jordan  &  Everniann,  Bull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  nius., 
1S96,  pt.  1.  p.  866;   1U(J0.  pt.  4.  pi.  123,  fig.  363. 

Scomhrr  rrrnalut  Mitchill.  Storer,  Mem.  Amcr.  acad.,  1S53, 
vol.  5,  p.  132.  pi.  11,  fig.  2. 

Me. —  All  along  the  eoa.st.  Boon  Island  Ixidge  (Atwood  1865); 
Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1873; 
r>ee  1885);  Kendall  eoll.  1892  and  1896,  1899  and  1900);  off 
.Mount  Desert,  Monhegan,  Casco  Bay  an«l  Boone  Island  (Ken- 
dall coll.   1895). 

Ma.ss. —  Massachusetts  Bay;  Caj>e  Cod;  Xantucket;  \'in('yard 
Sound  (Storer  18.53);  Boston  Bay  (B.  S.  N.  II..  Cutting  coll.); 
Provincctown  (.\twood  1865  an<l  Bean  1880);  Wacpioit  (Lyman 
1872);  Annis(juain  (B.  S.  N.  II..  Hyatt.  Van  VIeck  and  Cutting 
coll.);  Gloucester  (Bean  1S80);  oil'  Gay  Head;  at  Menemsha 
Bight;  .Monomoy;  North  Truro  (Kendall  coll.  1S9(V);  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1S73;  Bean  ISSO  and  Smith  1898);  Xantucket  (Sharp  & 
l-'owler  l'.H)4). 

H.  I.—  Xarragaiisett  Bay  (H.  I.  fish  conun.  1899  and  Pope  coll.); 


72  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

SCOMBRID.AE. 

off  Block  Island  (Kendall  coll.  1S96)  Sakonnct  River;    Newport; 
Block  Island  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn.— Branford;    Stratford   (Linsley   18-44). 

155.  Scomber  japonicus  Houttuyn. 

Chub  mackerel;  Hardhead;  Bullseye;  Spanish  mackerel. 

Houtuyn,  Verhandl.  HoU.  maatsch.  Haarlem,  1782,  vol.  20,  p. 
381.     "Japan." 

Scomber  dekayi  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol.  5,  p.  130, 
pi.  11,  fig.  1. 

Scomber  colias  Gmelin.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  866;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  133,  fig.  364. 

Me. —  Off  Casco  Bay  (Bowdoin  college  1893;  Kendall  coll. 
1895);   Small  Point,  Casco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.  1896). 

]\Iass. —  Provincetown  (Storer  1853,  and  Bean  1880);    Lynn? 
(Storer  1853);     off  Gay  Head;     Monomoy  (Kendall  coll.  1898) 
Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

156.  Auxis  thazard  (Lacepede). 
Frigate  mackerel. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
867;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  133,  fig.  365. 

Scomber  thazard  Lacepede,  Hist.  nat.  poissons  1802,  vol.  3,  p.  9. 
"6°  and  7°  s.  latitude,  coast  of  Xew  Guinea." 

Mass.—  Menemsha  Bight  (Smith  1898). 

B.  I. — •  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

157.  Gymnosarda  pelajiis  (Linne). 

Oceanic  boniio;  Striped  bonito. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
868. 


I 


nscEs.  To 

ti:li:c)st(  ).m  i  .  ACANTiioFn ;  it  i . 

SCOMHIUDAK. 

Srotubrr  j)rl(iiiii.'<  Linno,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  10,  17.')S,  vol.  1,  ]>.  2'.l7. 
"l\  Pr.I.Ano  INTKH  Thopk'os." 

Mass. —  Provincotown;  \'iiu'yar(l  Sound  (Goode  &  Bean 
1S79);  Cliilinark  (Cioodc  1S79);  Woods  Hole  (Boan  1S80);  Me- 
nnnslia  Bi<;lit  (Smith  1S9S). 

l.')S.     Gymn'osakua  alletekata   (Rafincsque). 

Little  tunny;  Bonito. 

Jordan  &  EviTinaiiii,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  iial.  luus.,  1896,  ])t.  1.  p. 
8G9;    1900,  \n.  1.  |.l.  i:;i.  fin:.  306. 

Scomber  (tUcUrata  Kafincsque,  Caratteri  di  alcuni  fjencri  nuovi, 
1810,  p.  40.     "Palermo." 

Ma.ss. —  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith 
1898). 

l.')9.     Tinxxus  TiiYXXUS  (LinnC'). 
Tunny;  Horse  mackerel;  Tuna. 

Jordan  i^-  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  .'^.  nat.  nius.,  ISOO,  |)t.  1,  |). 
870. 

Scomber  fhynuu.'i  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  \~'jS,  vol.  1,  ]>.  L".)7. 
"inter  Troi'kos  in  PEi.xno." 

Tht/nnu.'<  .iccHtido-dor.sdli.'i  ^\<tvr\\  Mem.  .\iiiir  aiad.,  1Sl)3,  vol.  .3^ 
|>.  143.  pi.  12,  fiff.  4. 

Me.— Ea.stport  (Kemlall  coll.  1893). 

Mass.— Kettle  Island;  Pifxcon  Cape  (Storer  1839);  Xorth 
River,  Salem  (Wheatland  1S.')2);  r'a|)e  .\mr,  Provincetown ; 
Ma.ssaehu.setts  Bay  (Storer  1853);  Milk  Island;  Xorth  River, 
Salem;  beaeh  at  Beverly  (Goodc  &  Bean  1879);  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Eowler  1904). 


74  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

SCOMBRIDAE. 

160.  Germo  alaluxga  (Gmelin). 
Long-finned  albacore. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
871;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  134,  fig.  367. 

Scomber  alatimga  [sic]  Gmeliu,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  p.  1330. 
"Sardinia." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

161.  Sarda  sarda  (Bloch). 
Bonito;  Skipjack- 
Jordan   &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 

872. 

Scomber  sarda  Bloch,  Nat.  ausl.  fische,  1793,  vol.  4,  p.  44,  pi. 
334,  ''Europe." 

Pelamys  sarda  Cuvier.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol. 
5,  p.  141,  pi.  11,  fig.  5. 

Me. —  Harps  well,  Casco  Bay  (Bowdoin  college  1890). 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1839);  Lynn;  Nahant  (Storer 
1842 f);  Holmes  Hole;  Lynn  (Storer  1844);  Provincetown ;  Lynn; 
Marthas  Vineyard  (Storer  1853) ;  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872) ;  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  1873);  Menemsha  Bight  (Smith  1898);  Cedar  Tree 
Neck  (Sherwood  &  Edwards  1901);  Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler 
1904). 

R.  L—  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

Conn.— Stonington  (Linsley  1844);   Noank  (Bean  1880). 

162.  Scomberomorus  maculatus  (Mitchill). 
Spanish  mackerel. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  874; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  134,  fig.  368. 


PISCES.  75 

TKLEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOrTKKI. 

SCOMliRIDAK. 

Scomber   maculatu.i    .Mitcliill,   'I'raiis.  lit.    iS:    pliilo-s.  sue.   N.   \  ., 
ISl.-),  vol.  1.  p.  420.  pi.  f).  fi^'.  s.     "  Xf.w  Yokk." 
Cifmhium  inacitlatiim,  ."^tonT,  Mrin.  Amer.  acad.,  IS.'^i,  vol.  ."),  p. 

1  k;.  pi.  !:-5.  fi«r.  i. 

Me.  -  .Monlu'i,'aii  (Siorer  IS.j.'J). 

Ma.ss.  -  Lynn  (Storer  lS42a);  Massachu.sctts  Bay  (Storer 
lS42c);  Proviiicetown  (."-^lorer  lS.'):i);  Woods  Ilok"  (Hainl  1S73); 
Vineyard  Sound;  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  ISOS);  Nantucket  (Sharp 
&  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. —  Xarrajjansett  Bay  (K.  1.  Fi.sh  Conini.  1899);  Prince.s  Neck, 
Newport  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  lAmfi  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844). 

l(i.}.      SCOMBEKOMORU.S    REGVLIS    (Bloch). 

Kiagfish;  Cero. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  U.  S.  iiat.  mu.s.,  1890,  pi.  1,  p.  '^To; 
19(M).  pt.  4,  pi.  135,  fig.  309. 
Scomber  regalis  Bloch,  Nat.  ausl.  fische,  1793,  vol.  4,  p.  38,  pi. 

333.       "M.VItTINIQUE." 

Ma.s.S. —  Woods   Hole    (Baird   1873);     Monoinoy   (Kendall  ((til. 
1890);    Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1S98). 
R.  I.—  Narraj:an.sett  Ba>  (Tracy  1900). 

104.    ScoMBEROMORU.s  CAV.\LIA  (Cuvier). 

Sierra. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  inus.,  1890,  |)t.  1,  p.  875. 
Cymhium  cavalla   Cuvier,  Regne  anim.,  ed.  2,   1829,  vol.  2,  p. 
200.     "BuAzii.." 

Mass. —  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898). 


76  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI .  AC  ANTHOPTE  R I . 

TRICHIURIDAE. 

165.  Trichiurus  lepturus  Linne. 

Scabbardfish ;  Cutlassfish;  Hairtail. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  j).  24G.  "America; 
China";  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol.  5,  p.  147,  pi.  12, 
fig.  1.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1, 
p.  889;    1900.  pt.  4,  pi.  137,  fig.  375. 

Me. —  Monhegan   (Storer   1853). 

Mass.— (Storer  1842);  Buzzards  Bay  (Storer  18421");  :Ma.s.s- 
achusetts  Bay  (Storer  1845);  Lynn;  Provincetown  (Storer  1853); 
^Yellfleet;  Salem  Harbor  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Woods  Hole 
(Goode  1879);  Menemsha  Bight  (Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp 
&  Fowler  1904). 

R-  L — Newport  (Sherwood  &  Edwards  1901);  Narragansett 
Bay  (R.  I.  fish  eomm.  1899). 

ISTIOPHORIDAE. 

166.  IsTiOPHORUS  nigricans  (Lacepede). 

Sailfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
891 ;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  137,  fig.  376. 

Makaira  nigricans  Lacepede,  Hist.  nat.  poissons  1802,  vol.  4,  p. 

688.       "ROCHELLE." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898). 
R.  L— NeAvport  (Goode  1884). 

167.  Tetrapterus  imperator  (Bloch  &  Schneider). 
Spearfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
892. 


risci'.s.  77 

TKLKOSTOMI.  NCAXTHOITKUI. 

TSTT(»PIl()Kll>Ai:. 

Xipliia.'(  impvmUtr  Hlodi  ^:  Scliiiriilrr.  Sy>l.  i<lilli..  I  Mil,  |».  '.>;{, 
]il.  1\.     "  Mkuitkkhaxkan." 

Mass. —  Woods  Hole  (Bairil  1873);  Vinrvard  Sound;  Hii/.zards 
\\n\   (Siiiilh    1S9S). 

U.  I.—  Xarra«;aiiscit  Uay  (H.  1.  fish  coiiiin.  ISiH)). 

XIPTIlinAK. 
KiS.      XlIMIIAS  (il.ADII  s    Liniir. 

Swordfish. 

\:\\m(\  Svst.  nat.  rd.  10.  175S,  vol.  1,  p.  24S.  "Kikopa." 
StoixT,  Mom.  AiiuT.  acad.,  1S53,  vol.  o,  p.  149,  pi.  13,  fit;.  2;  Jordan 
i*;:  Evennann.  Hull.  47.  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  IS'.IC.  pt.  1.  p.  s'M. 

Me.— OH"  Mt.  Di'siM-t  (Williamson  1S32);  off  Portland  ((ioode 
1SS4);  Casco  Hay  (H.  S.  N.  11..  Davidson  coll.). 

Mash. —  Marthas  Vinryard;  (Jay  Head;  oil"  Xantuckrt  (Storer 
is.").;);  Woods  Hole  (Haird  1^73);  off  Xomans  Land  (Goodc 
IS71I);  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  ISDN);  Xantucket  (Sharp  »Jv  Fowler 
l'.»()4). 

K.  1.— Xarrajransett  Bay  (K.  I.  lish  eomni.  1S91)). 

Conn. —  Xew  Haven  (Linsley  1.S44);  Hhtek  Island;  oil'  Sakonnet 
Point  ('Vr.uy  WOW). 

CARAXC.IDAE. 

](»'.».     ( )i.i(;(iri.iri;s  sAl  Kts  (Bloih    (S:  Schneider). 

Leather  Jacket. 

Jordan  ^'  Evennann,  Hull.  17,  V.  S.  nat.  mus..  1S*M»,  pt.  1,  p. 
898;   I'MK).  |)t.   1.  pi.  I3S,  fij;.  37S. 

Sronihrr  .munis  Hlocli    ^:  Schneider,  Syst.  iehlh.,   ISOl.  j>.  321. 

ill  *  * 

Jamaica. 


78  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

CARANGIDAE. 

Mass.— ^lenemsha  Bight;    Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 
R.  I.— Newport  (Goode  1884). 

170.     Naucrates  ductor  (Linne). 
Pilotfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
900;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  139,  fig.  379. 

Gasteroste us  ductor  Liinne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  295. 
"in  Pelago." 

Me. —  Near  Seguin  (Bowdoin  college). 

Mass.— Provincetown  ?   (Atwood   1859);    Woods  Hole   (Smith 
1898). 
R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 
Conn. —  Stonington  (Linsley  1844). 


171.     Seriola  zonata  (Mitchill). 

Radderfish;  Shark  pilot. 

Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  aead.,  1853,  vol.  5,  p.  157,  pi.  15,  fig.  5. 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  902; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  139,  fig.  381. 

Scomber  zonatus  Mitchill,  Trans,  lit.  &  philos.  soc.  N.  Y.,  1815, 
vol.  1,  p.  427.     "Bay  of  New  York." 

• 

Mass.— Wellfleet  (Storer  1844  a  and  1853);  Provincetown 
(Storer  1850);  Beverly;  North  River,  Salem  (Goode  &  Bean 
1879);  Woods  Hole;  New  Bedford  (Bean  1880);  Vineyard  Sound 
Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  & 
Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— Newport  (Bean  1880);  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish 
Comm.  1899). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844). 


PISCES.  7*J 

TKI.KOS'n  >MI.  ACANTHOlTl.lil 

CAKANCilDAi:. 

172.     Skhioi.a  i.m.andi  Cuvier   (S:  Valenciennes. 

Amber  Jack. 

('uvier  &  ValciuKMines,  Hist.  nat.  poi.ssons,  1833.  vol.  9,  j).  208. 
"Brazil."  Jordan  &  Everniann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  189G, 
pt.  1.  |).  903;   19(M).  pt.  4.  pi.  140,  fig.  382. 

M\>-       W.uHJs  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

K.  1.      .Xarrafjansett  Bay  (U.  I.  fish  comni.  1S99). 

\7'A.     Skhioi.a  dimkhim  (Ri.s.so). 

Amber  Jack. 

Jordan  &  Everinann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  903. 
(' ar  an  X  dinner  Hi  Risso,  Ichthyol.  Nice,   1810,  p.  17"),  pi.  0,  fig. 
20.     "Nice." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith   cV-  Ki-ndall  189G  and  Smith  1898). 

174.     l>i:rAPTERUS  punctatus  (.\ga.ssiz). 

Scad;  Round  robin;  Cigarfish. 

Jordan  &  Everniann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  907. 
Caranx  punctatus  Agassiz,  Spix  Pise.  Bras.,  1829,  p.  108,  pi.  o()a 
fig.  2.     "Brazil." 

Mass.      Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;   Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 
H.  I.—  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 
<  !ox.\. —  East  Haven  (Linsley  1844). 

17o.     DKCArPKRis  MACARELLUS  (Cuvier  &  Valenciennes). 

Mackerel  Scad. 

Jordan  t!s:  Evermaim,  Bull.  17.  l.-S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  |»t.  1.  p. 
909;   19(K).  j.t.  4.  j)!.  140.  fig.  383. 

Caranx  inararrllu.t  i\iy.  ik  \'n\..  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1833,  vol.  9. 

p.   40.       "  MAKTl.MQfK." 


80  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

CARANGIDAE. 

INIass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898);  Vineyard 
Sound   (Smith   1898). 

R.  I.— Newport  (Goode  1879);  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish 
comm.    1899). 

176.  Trachurus  trachurus  (Linne). 

Saurel. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
910;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  140,  fig.  384. 

Scomber  trachurus  Linne  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  p.  298.     "Ix 

MEDITERRANEO." 

R.  L— Newport  (Goode  1882). 

177.  Trachurops  crumenopthaliius  (Bloch). 

Big-eyed  Scad;  Goggle-eye. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
911;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  141,  fig.  385. 

Scomber  ci-umenopthalmus  Bloch,  Nat.  ausl.  fische,  1793,  vol.  4, 
p.  77,  pi.  343.     "AcARA  IX  Guinea." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 
R.  I.— Newport  (Bean  1880);    Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.    fish 
comm.  1899). 

178.  Carangus  bartholomaei  (Cuvier  &:  Valenciennes). 

Yellow  Jack. 

Caran.v  bartliolomaei  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1833,  vol  9, 
p.  100.  "Saint  Barthelemi."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  919. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 


riscKs.  81 

TKI.i:()STOMI  ACAN'nioiTllin 

(■Ai{A.\(;ii)Ai:. 
17*t.     CvKWdis   HIPPOS  (Limi^O- 

Crevalle. 

Scomhir  hifijxiM  I.iiiiu',  Syst.  nat.,  t-il.  I'J,  ITOO,  vol.  I,  p.  U)4. 
*'('au<>li.\\." 

Caranx  hippos  (Linm'O.  -Ionian  &  Evrriiianii,  liiill.  17  I  .  S., 
nat.  inus.,  1S<)().  pt.  1.  p.  92:);   WX),  pt.  4.  \A.  111.  fif;.  3S7. 

Mass.       I.yiin    Hcacli    (Wlu-atlaiiil    ls.")2    ami    (Joodc     »S;    Hcaii 
1S79);  Woods  Hole  (Bainl  lS7;i;  Bean  ISSO  and  Smith  1,VJ8). 
K.  I.— Xc\vj)ort  (Bean  ISSO). 

ISO.     Carant.us  ckysos   (Mitcliill). 

Hardtail;  Runner. 

Scomber  rri/.so.s  Miteliill,  Trans,  lit.  (Jv'  philos.  soc.  X.  \'..  1S15, 
vol.  l.p.  424.     "Xkw  VoitK." 

Caranx  fliri/ws  i\iy.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  ISoo,  vol.  5,  p. 
153,  pi.  14.  i\<r.  1. 

Caranx  cri/so.f  (Mitehill).  Jordan  &  Evermann.  Bull.  17,  l.  S. 
nat.  mu.s.,  189G,  pt.  1,  ji.  •.121. 

Mass.— Boston  (Storer  1S43)  Cliarle.ston  (Storer  isr)3); 
Ipswich  Bay  (B.  S.  X.  II..  Hyatt  &  VanVIeek  eolL);  Pro- 
vincetown;  off  (lUnK-e.ster  (Goode  &  Bean  1S79);  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1S73  and  Bean  ISSO);  Biizzard.s  Bay  (Smith  1S'.)S);  Xan- 
tneket  (Sharp    •S;   Fowler  1904). 

H.  I. —  Xewport  (Bean  1S80);  near  .Saunder.s  own,  Xarrafjaasett 
Bay  (Tracy  I'.tOO). 

Isl.     Aliens  (  ii.iAUis   (Bloeh). 

Thread  fish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann.  Bull.  47,  U.  .S.  nat.  mu.s.,  1800,  pt.  1,  p. 
931. 


82  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

CARANGIDAE. 

Zeus  ciliaris  Bloch,  Nat.  ausl.  fische,  1787,  vol.  2,  p.  236,  pi.  29. 
"East  Indies." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 
R.  I.— Newport  (Bean    1880);     Xarragansett  Bay  (U.  I.  fish 
comm.  1900). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

182.  Vomer  setapinnis  (Mitchill). 
Moonfish;  Horsefish;  Bluntnose;  Shiner. 

Zeus  setapinnis  Mitchill,  Trans,  lit.  &  philos.  soc.  N.  Y.,  1815, 
vol.  1,  p.  384,  pi.  1,  fig.  9.     "New  York." 

Argyreiosus  univiaculatus  Batchekicr.  Storer.  Mem.  Amer. 
acad.,  1853,  vol.  5,  p.  156,  pi.  14,  fig.  2. 

Vomer  setipinnis  (Mitchill).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  934;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  144,  fig.  392. 

Me.— Saco  (Batchelder  1845);  Casco  Bay  (B.  S.  N.  H.). 

Mass. —  Near  South  Boston  (Storer  1853);  Danvers;  North 
River,  Salem;  Gloucester  (Goode  &  Bean  1879)  [?];  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1873  and  Bean  1880);  Vineyard  Sound;  Buzzards  Bay 
(Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Newport  (Cope  1870  and  Bean  1880);  Narragansett 
Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

Conn.—  Greenwich   (Linsley  1844). 

183.  Selene  vomer  (Linne). 
Moonfish;  Horsehead;  Lookdown. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
936;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  144,  fig.  393,  pi.  145,  fig.  393a. 

Zeus  vomer  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  266. 
"America." 

Argyreiosus  capillaris  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1853,  vol.  5,  p.  155,  pi.  14,  fig.  3. 


riscKs.  83 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOlTEHI. 

CARANGIDAE. 

.Mk. —  Casco  Bay  (Howdoin  colk'pe  ISSU;    I  .  S.  iiat.  miis.  IsN?). 

Mass.— New  Bedford  (Storer  lS4:i  and  lS5:i);  Woods  Hole. 
(Smith  IS'.IS);  Nantucket  (Sharj)  &  FowK-r  l'.t()4)  DoKhestcr 
(B.  S.  N    II  .  llrrse^  coll.). 

Iv.  1.  -  Narragan.sott  Bay  (K.  1.  fish  t-onnn.  \SW). 

CoN.v. —  Stratford  (lansloy  1S44);  Loni;  Island  Sound  Middle- 
ground   (Kondall  coll.    1S<K)). 

184.  Chi/^roscomhius  ciirysikus  (Linn^). 
Bumper;  Yellowtail. 

Jordan  &  Kverniann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  isyf),  pt.  1,  \). 
93S:    1000.  |>t.  4.  pi.  14.").  fig.  394. 

Scomhrr  r/irif-funus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  iL*.  ITtiCi,  vol.  1,  |).  494. 
"i\  Cahdi.iw." 

Mass. —  Cape  Cod? 

185.  Ti{ArMiV(tTis  KM.cvTis  (Linn^'). 
Round  pompano. 

•lordan  &  Everinann,  Bull.  17.  U.  S.  nat.  inus.,  1S9(».  |)i.  1,  p. 
941;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  14(5,  fig.  390. 

Ldbru.t  falrntii.t  Liini^',  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1.  p.  'J'<4. 
"in  Amkkica." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S73  and  Smith  1S9S);  Nantucket 
(Sharp   &  Fowler  1904). 

B.  I.  -  Narragansett  Bay  (K.  1.  fish  comm.  1S;99). 

180.     'rK\<  liiNOTUS  GOOOKI  Jordan  &  Evermann. 
Permit. 

Jonlan  «S:  Hvennann.  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus..  1890,  pt.  1,  j). 
943.     "Wkst  Ivdiks,  nouth  to  Wkst  Fi.oiudv." 

Ma.ss. —  Wo(jd.s  Hole,  young  (Smith  1S98). 


84  FAUNA  OF  NEW  EXGLAXD. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

CARANGIDAE. 

187.  Traciiinotus  argenteus  Cuvii-r   »S:  Valenciennes. 

Silvery  pompano. 

Cuvier  &  Valenciennes,  Hist.  iiat.  |)oissons,  1831,  vol.  8,  p.  413. 
"New  York  and  Rio  Janeiro."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull. 
47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  1896,  ])(.  1,  p.  944. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

188.  Trachinotus  carolinus  (Linne). 

Pompano. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1890,  i)t.  1,  p. 
944;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  147,  fig.  398. 

Gasterosteus  carolinus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1700,  vol.  1, 
pt.  1,  p.  490.     "in  Carolina." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898); 
Nantucket  (Sharp   &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— Noank  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt  &  Katlibun  coll.). 

POMATOMIDAE. 

189.  PoMATOMUS  SALT.ATRix  (Linne). 
Bluefish ;  Horse-mackerel. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
946;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  148,  fig.  400. 

Perca  saltatrix  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  293. 
"Carolina." 

Temnodon  saltator  Cuv.  Storer,  ]\Iem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol.  5, 
p.  159,  pi.  15,  fig.  1. 

Me. —  Ca.sco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1873);  Portland;  Booth  Bay; 
Kennebec  River  (Boardman  &  Atkins  1875);  off  Seguin  (U.  S. 
nat.  mus.  1879);  Small  Point,  Casco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.  1896); 
Harraseeket  River,  Casco  Bay,  [voung]  (Smith  1902). 


I 


I'lscKs.  85 

TF.I,K(  )ST(  »M I  ACANTllc  )ITi:ia. 

roMAToMin.Mv 

M  vss.  N»'\v  U«-(ll'(>r«l,  ;iii(l  Iloliiics  Hole  (Storcr  ISIV.I);  Lynn 
(StortT  iSlJf):  Nahant  (.liM-kson  1S47);  Hiiz/.anis  Iia\  ;  Nine- 
yard  Soninl;  Nantiickft ;  Massacliusctis  liay  (StonT  ISoli); 
\Va(|ii(»ir  (Lyman  I.S72);  Ilinjjhaiii  ( H.  S.  N  11);  Miiu'iiislia 
Hi;:lit  (IJcaii  ISSO);  Woods  Hole  (lin'ml  ls7;!;  IJcaii  1SS()  and 
Smith  IN'JS);  Muskc^'tt  IJivcr;  (Ircal  Toint  l{i|»  and  Ha-^>  Hip; 
oil'  Sankaty    Head  (Sharp   \-  Kowlrr  I'.tOJ). 

K.  I.  -  Xarraj^anscti  Ma\  (K.  I.  fish  conini,  Is'.l'.h  Newport 
(Tracy  I'.HXi). 

CoXN. —  "X'l'ry  common"  (Linsley  1S44);  Xoank  (Hean  ISSO); 
off  Branford  Hea<()n  (Kendall  coll.   1S<>2). 

i{.\(1IV(i:nti{ii)AE. 

P.KI.       Ha<  IIV(-K\TU<)N    (ANADIS    (LinilC'). 

Crabeater;  Bonito. 

.Ionian  &  F!vcrmami.  Hull.  17.  l'.  S.  nai.  nius.,  IS'JC.  pi.  1 ,  p.  •)  }S; 
I'.MK),  pt.  4.  pi.  14S,  H^r.  401. 

(la.strrii.stcii.s  canadns-  I.imie.  Sysi.  nat..  ed.  1_',  17<iii,  vol.  1.  p. 
4".>1.     "\s   C'ahom.va." 

Ma.s.s.       Wo(.d.s  Hole  (HainI  IS7:i);   Hu/./ard.s  Hay  (Smith  1S<)S). 
Conn.—  Month  of  the  Ilonsatonic  (I.insley  1S44). 

coRvrii  \i:.\ii).\i:. 

l!»l.     ( 'oin  I'll  \i;\  \  iiii'i'i  Ki  s  I/niiic. 

Dolphin. 

[.imi«',  Sy^t.  nat.,  ed.  Id.  1 7")S,  vol.  I,  p.  I'tij.  "is  I'ki.vco." 
.I«>rdan  i^  Kvermaim.  Hnll.  47,  l'.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  1S!.»(>,  |»i.  I,  p.  !>.")_>; 
I'.KM),  pt.    I,  pi.  1  l'.>.  fi;;.  4()_». 

Mas.s.  -  X'ineyard  .Sound  (Smith   IS'.IS). 
Conn.—  .\oank-((Ioo«le  lS7i)). 


SQ  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

LAMPRIDAE. 

192.  La.mpkis  REGIUS   (Bonnaterre). 

Moonfish. 

Goode  &  Bean  Oceanic  ichth.,  1896,  p.  223,  fig. 
Zeus  regius  Bonnaterre,  Ichth.,  1788,  p.  72,  pi.  39,  fig.  155. 
Lampris  luna  (GmeUn).     Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bnll.  47,  U.  S. 
nat-.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  954. 

Me.—  (Goode  &  Bean  1896). 

CENTROLOPHID  AE . 

193.  Centrolophus   niger    (GmeUn). 
Blackfish;  Black  ruff. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  963; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  149,  fig.  403. 

Perca  nigra  Gmelin,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  p.  1321.  "Corn- 
wall." 

Mass.— Dennis  (Smith  1898). 

194.  Palinurichthys   perciformis    (Mitchill). 
Rudderfish. 

Jordan   &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 

964. 

Coryplmena  perciformis  Mitchill,  Amer.  month,  mag.  &  crit.  rev., 
1818,  vol.  2,  p.  244.     "New  York  Harbor."     [  ?] 

Palinurus  perciformis  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1853,  vol.  5,  p.  152,  pi.  13,  fig.  3. 

Me.— (Gill  1873;  Jordan  &  Evermann  1896). 
Mass.— Holmes   Hole    (Storer   1842);    Boston   Harbor    (Storer 
1846);    Holmes  Hole;    Boston   (Storer  18.-)3);    Gay  Head  (B.  S. 


PISCES.  87 

tell:ost(  >mi.  acaxthcjptkri. 

CENTHoF.ol'HIDAK. 

N.  11.  rrt)sbv  coll.);  Sali'iu  (Goodr  &  Ht'uii  1S7'.>);  off  Noinans 
Land;  Marthas  N'iiiryanl  ((JimxIj-  IST*.));  Gloucvstcr  (Bean  ISSO); 
\V(><m1s  Hole  (Haini  \s7.i;  Hi-aii  ISSO  and  Smith  ISOS);  Annisquain 
(H.  .•<.  N'.  H..  ISMJ);   NaiitiKkct  (."-ihari).-   \:   h.wl.T  l'.»(»4). 

STKOMATKIDAE. 

P.t.').       GoHIuMoKL'.S  GKoNdVII    ^(iim-lili). 

Portugaese  Man  of  War  Fish. 

(iobiu.t  gronovii  (iinelin,  Syst.  nat.,  ITnn.  vol.  1,  p.  1205. 
"rRoi'iCAi.  Amkkica." 

XomeiiJi  gronorii  (Giuelin).  (ioode  &  Hcaii,  Oceanic  ichth., 
l.sy().  j).  220.  |)l.  («.  fit;.  227.  Jordan  &  Evcrmann.  Hull.  47.  l'.  .S. 
nat.  mils..  IMtO.  pt.  1,  |).  !>4<>. 


M.\s.s.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1S9S). 

H.  I.—  Xarrapiiisett  Bav  (K.  I.  fish  comm.  1S<><»). 

\\Hj.     I'Ki'Hii.rs  I'AUf  (  Linne)- 

Harvest  fish;  Pappyfish;  Starfish. 

Stromateit.s  fxiru  Linnc,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  10,  17.>N.  vol.  I,  p.  24s. 
"in  .Vmkkka." 

Rhumhu.f  jxirn  Linnc.  Jordan  ^-  Kvcnnann,  Hull.  47,  l'.  S. 
nat.  mils.,  1890.  i)t.  1.  p.  !>ii.");   1900,  pt.  4,  jil.  !.')(),  fij;.  404. 

M.vss. —  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1S9.S);  Monomoy  (Kendall  cull. 
1.S9G). 

W.  1.  -  Xarrasian.sett  Bay  (K.  L  fish  comin.     1S99). 

l'.«7.     HoKovoTtJs  TRrACAvrms  (Peck). 

Batierflsh;  Dollarfish;  Skipjack;  Shaepshead. 

Stromateii.9  triaranthiis  Peck,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1S04.  vol.  2, 
p.  48,  pi.  2,  fijr.  2.     "Pi.scATAyiA  RiVKK.  \    II  ■• 


88  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

STROMATEIDAE. 

Rhombus'  triacanfhus  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853, 
vol.  5.  J).  162,  pi.  15,  fig.  4. 

Rhombus  triacanfhus  (Peck).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S96,  pt.  1,  p.  967;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  151,  fig.  405. 

Me. —  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872  and  Bean  1880);  off 
Seguin  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1879);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1887  and 
Bean  1880);  Small  Point,  Casco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.  1896). 

X.  H.— Piscataqua  River  (Peck  1804). 

]\Ias.s. —  Provincetown ;  Boston  (Storer  1853);  Massachusetts 
Bay  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Putnam  coll.);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  Salem 
Harbor  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Woods  Hole;  Gloucester  (Bean 
1880);  Xorth  Truro;  Monomoy;  Menemsha  Bight  (Kendall  coll. 
1896);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898);  Xaushon 
(Smith  1898);  Xantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.—  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

CoxN.— Stratford  (Liniley  1844);  Xoank  (Bean  1880)  ;f off 
Stratford  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  off  Faulkners  Island;  off  Branford 
Beacon  (Kendall  coll.  1892). 

TETRAGONURIDAE 

198.  Tetragonurus   cuvieri   Risso. 

Squaretail, 

Risso,  Ichthyol.  Xice,  1810,  p.  387.  "Xice."  Jordan  &  Ever- 
mann; Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  976;  1900,  pt.  4, 
pi.  152,  fig.  411. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Goode  &  Bean  1896;  Smith  1898). 

CENTRARCHIDAE. 

199.  Amploplites  rupestris  (Rafinesque). 

Rock  Bass. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
990;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  156,  fig.  419. 


riscF.s.  S9 

11': LI<X)8'1( » M I .  A( 'A N T 1 1  () TF I". K I . 

(■|:N'|-I!  AIKIlIDAi: 

BiHlimtus  rii/M:strt.'<  KaKiU'.s(iuc.  Aiiicr.  iiiniitli.  mat:,  ilv  <iii.  n-v., 
1^17.  vol.  I,  |i.  IJO.  "L\Ki:.s  ()|-  Nkw  \'(»I{K,  N'kumo.vt  and 
Canada." 

Vt.— (Storcr  1S42);  Lak.- Cliamplaiii  (Tli()m|).suii  1.S42);  Lakr 
Homo.siH'ii  (F^vcriiiaiiii   \-  kCtidall  1S<)4). 

L'Od.     I!\\i:\( WTHis  oHKsis  ((iiraril). 

Banded  Sunfish. 

Jordan  t^:  KvtMiiiami,  Hull.  17,  L".  S.  iiat.  iniis.,  Ib'Jti,  pi.  1,  j). 
993. 

Poiiuttis  ohr.tu.s  (Jiranl,  I'roc.  Ho.st.  .soc.  iiat.,   1S.")1,  vol.  ,").  p.  40; 

"FUK.SII    WATKK.S    AUdir    lll\(;ll\M    [MaSS.]    AM)    IN    A    ltKAN(||    OK 

THE  C'haui.ks  Ki\kr  .\t  Holliston." 

Bri/ttu.s  ohcfiu.s  (Jiranl.  .Storcr.  Mem.  Aihit.  acad.,  1SC(7.  vol.  '.), 
p.  1V)4. 

M.\ss. —  Hinffliaiii;  llolli.ston  ((Jirard  1S54);  Concord  (Tlioreau 
1859;  Putnam  lSo9);  Canil)ri<|tj:(';  MaMrn  (Storer  1S()7);  Mvu- 
liaii  Lake;    Danvors;    Beverly  (CJoode   &  Bean  1879). 

Jill.      Lkimimis    vruiTt.s  (Liune). 

Longeared  Sunfish;  Red  Sunfish;  Roach. 

Jordan  (.V  Kvernianii.  Hull.  17,  l.  .S.  iial.  iiius.,  ls',»(i,  pi.  I, 
]).  1001;    1000.  pt.    I,  pi.   KiO,  i\ii.  4lV). 

LnltriiK  aiiritu.f  Linn^,  Sy.st.  nat.,  cd.  10,  175s,  vol.  1,  p.  283. 
"  IN   l'iiii,\i)i;i.i'iii  V." 

Pomntis  fippriuhx  DeKay.  .Storcr,  Meui.  .Vnier.  acad.,  IS.').3, 
vol.  .'),  p.  02,  pi.  'A,  i\}r.  4. 

Me. —  Tlionij).soii  I*(jnd  (Ho\V(l«»iii  colK'pe);  Crai<;s  I'ond ; 
I'li.sliaw  Pond;  Toddy  I'ond;  .Manioo.sook  Lake  (Merrill  coll. 
1899).    Col)l)o.s.seeeonte»'   Lake;    Lake  Auburn;    .Xnihajcjus  Kall.s; 


90  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  '  ACANTHOPTERI. 

CENTRARCHIDAE. 

First  and  Second  Hurd  ponds;  Fourth  Debsconeag  Lake;  Pok- 
wokamus  Deadwater,  West  Branch  of  Penobscot;  Hale  Pond; 
BowUn  Pond;  Green  Lake;  Branch  Pond;  Floods  Pond  (Kendall 
coll.). 

Vt. —  Connecticut  River  at  Barnet  (Thompson  1842);  Lake 
Chaniplain,  Bridgeport  (  B.  S'.  X.  H.,  Putnam  coll.). 

Mass.— Concord  River  (Storer  1842  a,  1842  f  and  1853);  Ipswich 
River,  Ipswich,  (B.  S.  N.  H.);  Menham  Pond  and  other  waters 
in  Essex  County  (Goode  &  Bean  1879). 

R.  I.—  "Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

Conn. —  Bridgeport;    Hartford  (Linsley  1844). 

202.     EupoMOTis  GiBBOSUS   (Linne). 

Sunfish.;  Flatfish;  Roach;  Hogback;  Kiver. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1, 
p.  1009;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  161,  fig.  429. 

Perca  gihbosa  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  292. 
"in  America." 

Pomotis  vnlfjaris  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol.  5, 
p.  60,  pi.  3,  fig.  1. 

Me. —  Presumpocot  River  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Putnam  coll.);  Grand 
Lake  Stream  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1877);  Boyden  Lake;  Pennamquan 
Lake  and  River,  Dennys  River;  Leweys  Lake;  St.  Croix  River; 
Maguerrowock  Stream  (Kendall  1894);  Chickawaka  Lake,  Rock- 
land (Kendall  coll.  1895);  Sebago  and  Little  Sebago  lakes  and 
Songo  River  (Kendall  coll.  1898);  Androscoggin  River  and  Lake 
Auburn  (]^Ierrill  coll.  1899);  Pettengills  Pond,  North  Windham; 
Thomas  Pond,  South  Casco;  Cobbosseecontee  Lake  (Kendall  coll. 
1899). 

N.  H.— 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Thompson  1842)  Dunmore  Lake,  Salis- 
bury (B.  S.  N.  H.). 

Mass. —  (Storer  1839  and  1853);  pond  near  Plymouth  (Jackson 


PISCES.  91 

TKLKOSTOMI.  ACANTIIOITKKI. 

CEXTRAHfllinAK. 

1S.')L');  "  ToikIs  (if  tlu' County  "  (Putnam  ISoG);  Quashiu't  River, 
Falmouth  (Kcmlall  coll.  lSt)4):   near  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1S9.S). 

R.  I.— "Xarraf^'ansett  Bay"  (K.  1.  (ish  comm.  1S99);  Masha- 
paui:,  Rfiu'dict   &  Fenuers  poiuls  (Pope  coll.  lS04-0f)). 

CoNX. —  "Common"   (Linsley   1S44). 

lio;}.     MicKdiTKRUs  DOLOMIEU  Laceprdc. 

Smallmouth  Black-bass;  Black-bass. 

Lacepodr,     Hist.     nat.     pois.sons,    1S02,    vol.    4,    p.    325. . 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47.  V.  >.  nal.  nius.,  ISOfi,  pt.  1.  j). 
lull;     I'.KH).  pt.  4,  pi.  1(;2.  fi«j.  4;i(). 

Mk.^  Introduced;  now  widely  distrihuti-d  in  .southern  half  of 
state,  from  Cumberland  to  \Va.shin<iton  Co. 

X.  H.- Introduced;  now  widely  distrihuted.  W  iiiiiipe.saukee 
Lake  (B.  .S.  N.  ][.,  David.son  coll.). 

\'t.- —  Lake  Champlain  (Thompson  1S42). 

Mass. — Introduced;  widely  distrihuted.  (ireat  Sand  Lake,  \\  arc- 
ham;  Massachusetts  Bay  (.^ti.rcr  JsCi?);  Welle.sley  (B.  S.  N.  II., 
Denton  coll.);    Quashnet  Itiver,  FalmoiUh  (Kendall  coll.  1S94). 

]{.  I.       Introduced;    now  conunon. 

CoN.N.- -  Introduced?;    llousatonif-  (Linsley   1S44).- 

201.     .Mi(U()1»tp:i{Us  s.\i.moides  (Lac<?pede). 
Largemouth  Black-bass. 

Jordan  &  Evermann.  Bull.  17.  l'.  .'^.  nat.  mus.,  1S96,  pt.  1, 
p.  1012;    1900,  |)t.  4.  jd.  103,  Hj;.  431. 

Lahrus  salmuides  Lacej)ede,  Hist.  nal.  |)oi.s.sons,  1S02,  vol.  1, 
p.  71<i.     ".Sonii  Cahoi.iw." 

Me. —  Lately  introduced   into   Lower   Kimhall   Pond,   Fryehurp 
and  Rauf^e  Pomls.  Poland. 
N.   H.       Introduced? 
Vt.-  ? 


92  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

CENTRARCHIDAE. 

Mass.^  Introduced;  Quashnet  River,  Falmouth  (Kendall 
coll.  1S94);  near  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898);  Wcllcsley  (B.  S.  N.  H. 
Denton  coll.). 

R.  I. —  Introduced;  "Narragansett  Bay"  (R.  I.  fish  comm. 
1899). 

PERCH)  A  K. 

205.  Stizostedion  vitreum  (Mitchill). 
Pike  Perch;  Wall-eyed  Pike. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1^ 
p.  1021;   190;),  pt.  4,  pi.  164,  fig.  433. 

Perca  vitrea  Mitchill,  Amer.  month,  mag.  &  crit.  rev.,  181S,. 
vol.  2,  p.  247.     "Cayuga  Lake,  N.  Y." 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Thomjxson  1842);  Winooski  and 
Lamoille  rivers  (Evermann  &  Kendall  1894). 

206.  Stizostedion  canadense  (Smith). 
Sanger;  Sand  pike. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1, 
p.  1022;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  164,  fig.  434. 

Lucioperca  canadensis  C.  H.  Smith,  Griffith's  Cuvier  Regne 
anim.,  1834,  vol.  10,  p.  275,  pi.  7.     "Can.\da." 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Thompson  1853). 

207.  Perca  flavescens  (Mitchill). 

Perch;  Yellow  perch;  Ring  perch;   Coon  perch;   Brindle  perch. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  j). 
1023;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  165,  fig.  435. 

Morone  flavescens  Mitchill,  Rept.  fish.  X.  Y.,  1814,  p.  IS.  "near 
New  York  city." 


Piscics.  93 

TKLi:(  )ST(  )M  I .  A('ANTH(  )1»T1:H  I . 

PERriiwi: 

Prrra  jhircsrcu.s  Cuv.     Ston  r.   M«iii.  Aiiicr.  acatl.,  lSo3,  vol.  b, 

|t.  .")'J,  jil.  J.  fij;.  1. 

Me. —  'riiniiipsuii  I'oiid  (Howdoiii  colli'^c);  (iraii<l  Lake  .'^t  ream  ; 
Mft|(lvlK'in|>s  Lakr.  etc.  (Kendall  1S'.)4);  Soii^o  and  l'rfsnin|).scot 
livers;  Schajijo  and  Liiilc  Schafio  lakes;  IVtten^iil,  I'antlier. 
Rattle  snake,  Tliunias,  and  Ilurd  ponds;  ('ol)l)0.s.seec()ntee  and 
-Marranoeook  laki's;  Matauainon  River  and  Maiatranionsis  Lake; 
.\nil)ajejns  Falls;  .Si-cond  and  Fourth  Dehsconeaji  lakes;  Fok- 
wokainns  Headwater;   Beau  Lake  (Kendall  coll.). 

\.  11.  .\l)nndant  in  southern  half  of  state;  Pond  near  .Monad- 
nock  .Ml.  (Ri^'elow  1S4U);  Lake  Wiiuiipesaukee  (H.  S.  N.  IL,  Fut- 
nani  coll.). 

\  r. —  (\)niinon;  Lake  Chainplain  (Thonijjson  1.S42);  ("Ivde 
River  near  Xe\v|)ort  Missis(|Uoi  Bay  (Evennann  &  Kendall  1S94); 
.^wanton  (Carter  coll.  I«)()7). 

^L\.ss. —  Coneord  River  (Storer  lS42c  and  lS42f);  Fresh  Pond, 
Canil)rid«je  (Storer  iSlLM");  common  everywhere  (Storer  iN.jli); 
"Ponds  of  the  (\»unty"  (Putnam  ISot;);  Salem  (Wheatland  1S.39); 
Idlewood  Lake  Menham  (B.  S.  X.  IL,  Warren  roll.  iS:  Brown 
coll.);  Orleans,  ('a|)e("o(l  ( Davidson  coll.) ;  ahimdant  evervwhere 
((Joode  (lis:  Bean  lN7t>);  W";i"^l"Ht  River,  Falmouth  (Kendall  coil. 
1S94):    near  Woods  Hole  (Smith  ISDS). 

R.  I.  Benedict.  Femiers,  Mashapaiig  ponds;  Pocassett  River; 
Pone<;ansett  Resevoir  (I'ope  coll.  1S9S). 

Co.N'x. —  Hockanum  River,  Hartford  (Ayrcs  1843). 

2(JS.      Pr  i;(  i\A  CAi'KoDK.s  (Ralincs(jue). 
Log  perch;  HogmoUy. 

•Ionian  »K:  Evennann.  Bull.  47,  V.  S.  nat.  nius.,  iS'.Ki.  pi.  I,  |). 
l()2(i;    P.tOO.  pt.  4.  pi.  Km,  fij;.  4.%. 

Sririia  rnjinulcs  Rafinestpu'.  .\mer.  month.  ma<;.  &  crit.  rev..  IMS. 
vol.  I.  p.  :i:)4.     "Ohio  Rivi.it." 

\'t. —  Lake  Chainplain  (Thoini^son   1S42). 


94  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTO.MI.  ACAXTHOPTERI. 

PERCID.AE. 

209.  CoTTOGASTER  COPELANDI  (Jordan). 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1045. 

Rheocrypfa  copelandi  Jordan,  Bull.  10,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1877, 
p.  9.     "White  River,  Indiana." 

Vt. —  Lake  Champlain  (Thompson  1853). 

210.  BoLEOSOMA  OLMSTEDi  (Storer). 
Tessellated  darter. 

Storer,  ]\Iem.  Amor,  acad.,  18.53,  vol.  5,  p.  78,  pi.  4,  fig.  4. 

Etheostoma  ohnsicdi  Storer,  Bost.  journ.  nat.  hist.,  1842  (1844), 
vol.  4,  p.  61,  pi.  5,  fig.  2.     "Hartford,  Connecticut." 

Boleosoma  nigrum  olmstedi  (Storer).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull. 
47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p.  10.37;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  171,  fig.  451. 

Mass. —  "Western  portion  of  the  state"  (Storer  1853);  Charles 
River  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Baird  coll.)  New  Salem  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Tiask 
coll.);  Quashnet  River,  Falmouth  (Kendall  coll.  1894);  near 
Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— "Narragansett  Bay"  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1899). 

Conn. — ^  Hartford  (Storer  1842);  in  nearly  all  freshwater 
streams   (Tiinsley  1844). 

211.  Boleichthys  fusiformis  (Girard). 
Redside  darter. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1101;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  177,  fig.  469. 

Boleosoma  fiisiforme  Girard,  Proc.  Bost.  soc.  nat.  hist.,  1854, 
vol.  5,  p.  41.     "Charles  River  near  Framingham,  Mass." 

Hololepis  fusiformis  Girard.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867, 
vol.  9,  p.  256. 


IM«TS.  9,5 

TIOLKC  >ST(  ).M  I .  ACA.NTIK  UTI  OKI . 

PKHCIDAK. 

Mass.— (^liarU's  Hivrr  ((liranl  1S54);  a  small  Imxik  triliu- 
tan'  to  Mriro^r  I'oiid.  Melrosr  (H.  S.  N.  II.,  I'utiiaiii  ••oil,); 
Fniminpiiain;  Essex  County  and  flsewhert'  (Ston-r  lSf)7);  Brook 
of  Melrose  Potui;  Mruham  Lake;  Nrwiiall  Crossing  ((icxxlc  & 
Hraii  1S7«>)  Walthani  (li.  S.  N.  11..  Warnn  C'(.1I.). 

cnKii.onirii.iiiD.vh. 

212.     Ai'OGo.v  i.MUKitms  (Liniu'). 

King  of  the  mullets. 

Jordan  &  Evennann,  Hull.  17,  1  .  .*^.  nat.  nius.,  1S9(),  |)t.  1,  p. 
1107. 

MnUits  //nArrftji-f  Linn^,  Sy.st.  nat.,  ed.  U).  17')S,  vol.  1,  |).  3()0. 
"in   Mklit.k." 

K.  I.— Newport  (Cope  1.V70). 

2i;i.     .\i'<)GO\   M.\cui^\Tis   (Poey). 

Jordan  &  Evcrmann,  Hull.  17,  I'.  S,  nat.  mus.,  1.S96,  pt.  1,  p. 
1100. 

Monoprinn  inariilaiiis  Poey,  Memorial,  ISfiO,  vol.  2.  p.  123. 
"CvH.Kr 

M.\.ss.  -  Katama  Bay  (."^niith  1S9S). 
H.  I.—  Newport  (Cope  1S70). 

SKKHA.MDAK. 

214.      Horns    MNK.ATl's    (Bloeh). 
Striped  bass;  Rock;  Rockiish. 

Jordan  &  Evennann,  Bull.  17,  L'.  S.  nat.  nius..  \S\H\,  |»i.  1,  p. 
1132;   1«J(K).  pt.  4,  pi.  ISO.  fig.  47S. 

Sriaena  linaiUi  Bloch,  Nat.  ausl.  fi.sche,  1792.  vol.  3,  p.  r)2,  pi.  304. 
"Mkditkkk.k.nean  Sea." 


96  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

SERRANIDAE. 

Lahmx  lincaiiis  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  atad.,  18.33,  vol.  5, 
p.  54.pl.  l.fig.  4. 

^1e.  -  Kenduskeag  (\Villiain.son  1S32);  coast  (B.  S.  X.  II., 
Davidson  coll.);  INIerrvmeeting  Bay;  Saco,  Kennebec,  Eastern 
and  Sebasticook  rivers  (INIe.  fish,  comni.  18G7);  Sheepscot, 
Dyer,  St.  Croix  and  Piscataqua  rivers;  Winnegance  Creek; 
Casco  Bay  (Atkins  1887).  Wolfsneck,  and  Small  Point,  Casco 
Bay  (Kendall  coll.  1896). 

N.  H.—  (Storer  1853). 

"Mass. —  Chelsea;  Xantasket;  Boston  (Storer  1839);  Province- 
town;  Charles  River;  Buzzards  Bay  (Storer  1853);  ^Massachusetts 
Bay  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Cutting  coll.);  "Harbors  of  the  County"  (Put- 
nam 1856);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  Essex  County  rivers  (Goode 
&  Bean  1879);  Holyoke  (Bean  1880);  Monomoy  (Kendall  coll. 
1896);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  ISSO  and  Smith  1898); 
X'antucket  (Sharp   &  Fowler  1904). 

R.I. —  X'arragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899);  Taunton 
River  (Tracy  1906). 

Coxx. —  Connecticut  River  to  above  Hartford;  Stonington 
(Linsley  1844). 


■p' 


215.     [NIoROXE   AMERICANA    (Gmelin). 

White  perch. 

Jordan  &  Evcrmann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1134;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  181,  fig.  479. 

Perca  americana  Gmelin,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  p.  1308. 
"New  York." 

Labrax  rufus  DeKay,  Storer,  ^lem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol.  5, 
p.  57,  pi.  1,  fig.  1. 

Me. —  Lakes  emptying  into  Kennebec  River  as  far  back  as 
Skowhegan;  into  Penobscot  River  still  further  north;  and  in  lakes 
of  the  St.  Croix  and  intervening  territory  (Me.  fish  comm.  1867); 


PISCES.  97 

TKLEOSTOMI.  ACANTIK  )ITi:UI. 

SKliJiAMDAi.. 

Gnuul  Lakt' Stri'iiiii  (T.  S.  nat.  iiiiis.  1S77);  Eustport  aii<l  Fn'rpori 
(Ki'iulall  coll.  iS'Ki);  Sy.sla«h)l).si.s,  Hi;;.  Ixiweys  and  Mcddyltmips 
lakes  (Krndall  lsy4);  Pusliaw  and  ( 'o^jclinowapn  pDnds  (MtTrill 
c-oll.  IS'J'.J);  St'l)a^«»  and  Little  Si-ha^'o  lakes  (Kendall  roll.  1.S9S, 
lS«M»and  1«MX));  Cobb<>s.see<ontee  Lake  (Kendall  coll.  IMU*);  Ilar- 
niseeket  River  (Smith  VMYJ). 

X.  II.    -  \Viirclrij;lits  l*ond  (^.\.  li.  (i^ii  .  ..mm.  Is77). 

>L\ss.  -  .Mouths  of  rivers,  and  |)onds  near  Boston  (Storer  \>^'hi 
"  I'onds  of  the  county  and  occasionally  in  salt  water"  (Putnam 
ISoO);  Woods  Hole  (BairtI  1S7;});  Floating  Bridge  Pond,  Salem; 
Flax  Pond,  Lynn  ((ioodc  ^:  Bean  1S7*.I);  Mlewood  I.^ke,  Wenhain 
(B.  S.  N.  IL.  Brown  tt>ll.);  Nantuek«t,  and  Brewster,  (ape  Cod 
(B.S.  N.  II..  Ordway  coll.);  Fresh  Pond,  Camhrid^'c  (B.S.  N.  11. , 
^'an  \'leck  crdl.) ;  Buzzards  Bay  and  \'ineyard  Sound  (Bean  ISSO 
an<l  Smith  1S«»S). 

H.  I.  -  Xarrairansett  Bay  (H.  I.  Fish  Comin.  1S09);  Mashapaug 
and  Beneilict  ponds  (Pope  coll.  1,S,S8-IS%). 

Co.VN'.— Stratford  (Linsley  1S44);    Xoank  (Bean  ISSO). 

■JKi.       El'INEPHELU.S  AD.SCENSIOXIS  (Osheek). 

Rock  hind. 

Jordan  &  Hvcrmaim,  Bull.  17,  I  .  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S"J(»,  pt.  l,.p. 
11. j2;    I'JOO,  pt.  4,  pi.  1S2,  fi^'.  4S2. 

Trachuriis  aihcen.'tionis  Osheek,  Voyage  to  China,  1771,  vol.  1,  p. 

95.       "ASCENSIO.V  I.S|,AM>." 

>L\.s.s. —  Katama  Bay  [voun^']  (Smith  1900). 

■Ji7.     Ki'lNKl'UKMS  MVE.KTrs  fCuvicr  \  \alenciennc.s). 
Spotted  grouper;  Snowy  grouper. 

Boulen^er.  (at.  Ii>h.  Bril.  nui^..  cd.  L',  1S95,  p.  I'L'O,  pi.  '.\, 
fig.  :i.  Jordan  iV:  Kvermaim,  Bull.  17.  l".  .S.  nat.  mus..  1S9(», 
[)t.   1,  p.   1  !.")(■». 


98  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

SERRANIDAE. 

Serranus  niveatus  Cuv.  &  Val.,  hist.  nat.  poissons,  1S28,  vol.  2, 
p.  380.     "Brazil." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  &  Kendall  1894;   Smith  189S). 

R.  I.— Newport    (Gill  1861  and  Cope  1870);   Tiverton;    Point 

Judith  (U.  S.  nat.  mus. );    Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm. 

1899). 

218.  Epinephelus  morio  (Cuvier  &  Valenciennes). 
Red  grouper. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1160;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  184,  fig.  485. 

Serra72us  morio  Cuv.  &.  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1828,  vol.  2,  p. 
285.     "New  York  and  San  Domingo." 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  [young]  (Smith  1898). 

219.  Garrupa  nigrita  (Holbrook). 

Black  Grouper. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1, 
p.  1161;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  184,  fig.  486. 

Serranus  nigritus  Holbrook,  Ichth.  South  Carolina,  1856,  p.  173, 
pi.  25,  %.  11.     "Charleston,  S.  C." 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  [young]  (Smith  1900). 

220.  Mycteroperca  bonaci  (Poey). 

Black  Grouper. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1174;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  187,  fig.  492. 

Serranus  bonaci  Poey,  Memorias,  1860,  vol.  2,  p.  129.     "Cuba." 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  [}'oung]  (Smith  1900). 


pisc'Es.  99 

TELEOSTO.MI.  ACANTHOITKHI. 

SEHKAMDAK. 

221.  Mycteropehca   interstitialis   (Poey). 

Jordan  &  Everinann.  Hull.  47.  V.  S.  iiat.  imi.s.,  1896,  pt.  1, 
p.   1178. 

Si'rrauii.t   intrrstitialis   iWy,    Mcmorias,    1860,    vol.    2,    p.    127. 

"ClHA." 

M.\ss.— Kataina  Bay  [?]  (Smith  1900). 

222.  Centkopristks  striatus  (Linn6). 
Sea  Bass;  Black  Sea  Bass. 

Jordan  &  Everinann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
ll'UI;    IIKK),  pt.  4,  pi.  190,  ficr.  500. 

Labruji  siriatw^  Linne,  Syst.  nat..  1758,  ed.  10,  vo\.  1,  p.  2S5. 
"i\  America." 

dcntroprisies  varius  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  .\nu'r.  acad.,  1S53, 
vol.  5.  |).  '}X.  pi.  2.  fig.  4. 

MK.Matinicus  I.sland  (B.  S.  X.  II..  Aivthusa  coll.);  Wood 
Island.  Casco  Bay  (Smith   &  Kendall  1896). 

M.vss.— Ilolnuvs  Hole  (Storer  1839);  Holme.s  Hole;  (Jay  Hea<l; 
New  Bedford;  Massaehusetts  Bay;  Nahant  (Ston^r  1853);  Salem 
Harhor;  Xahant  (Putnam  1856);  Beverly  Bar  (Wheatland  1S60); 
(ohasset  Narrows  (Bean  18S0);  Waquoit  (layman  1872);  Nan- 
tucket Sound;  Buzzards  Bay  (Collins  &  Rathhun  1SS7);  North 
Truro;  Monoinoy;  Mencmsha  Bi<;ht  (Kendall  coll.  l.S<)0);  Woods 
Hole  iBaird  1S73:  B<-an  ISSO  and  Smith  1S«)S);  Nantucket  (Sharp 
&  Fowler  1904). 

K.  1.      Narrajjansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comin.  1S99). 

Co.W. —  Noank  (Bean  1S80);  oil"  Bridjj;e|)ort ;  off  Stratford; 
the  Middle  Ground  (Kendall  coll.  I.SIH));  olf  I'aulkncrs  Island 
(Kemlall  .oil.   IS92). 


100  fauna  of  new  england. 

teleostomi.  acanthopteri. 

s;erranidae. 

223.  Rypticus  bistrispinus  (Mitchill). 
Soapfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1233;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  194,  fig.  509. 

Bodianus  bistrispinus  Mitchill,  Amer.  month,  mag.  &  crit.  rev., 
1818,  vol.  2,  p.  247.     "Straits  of  Bahama." 

R.  I.—  Ne^^^3ort  (Cope,  1870). 

LOBOTID.\E. 

224.  LOBOTES  SURINAMENSIS   (Bloch). 

Flasher;  Trippletail. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1235;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  194,  fig.  510. 

Holocentrus  surhiamensis  Bloch,  Nat.  ausl.  fische,  1790,  vol.  3, 
p.  98,  pi.  243.     "Surinam." 

IMass.—  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898) ;  Menemsha 
Bight  (Smith  1898). 

R.I.— XarragansettBay;  off  Pine  Hill  (R.I.  fish  comm.  1899); 
Prudence  Island  (Sherwood  &  Edwards  1901);  near  Saunders- 
town  (Tracy  1906). 

PRIACANTHID.AE. 

225.  Priacanthus  arenatus  Cuvier    &  Valenciennes. 

Catalufa;  Bigeye. 

Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1829,  vol.  3,  p.  101.  "Brazil." 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  1,  p. 
1237;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  195,  fig.  511. 

M.\ss. —  Woods  Hole;   Quisset  Harbor  (Smith  1898). 
R.  I. —  Xe\\'port  (Jordan   &  Evermann  1896). 


PISCES.  101 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTEUI. 

LOBOTIDAE. 

22(».      PsEinOPHIACAN'TUlS   ALTUS   (Gill). 

Bigeye. 

Jordan  &  Evonnanii,  Bull.  47.  l'.  .">.  iiat.  uius.,  ISOG,  pi.  1, 
p.  iL'iJ'l;    11100,  |)i.  4,  ])1.  ni.'),  {\<r.  .")1L>. 

Priacantlni.<i  altm  (jill,  Prof.  acail.  iiat.  sri.  Phil.,  1SG2,  p.  132, 
"  Narragan.sett  Bay  at  Cananicut  Ferry,  K.  1."  Storer, 
Mem.  Ainrr.  acad.,  Is<i7,  vol.  0.  p.  254. 

Mas.s. —  Marbk'head    Bcat-li    (Storer    ISO?);     Woods    Hole; 
Acushiu't  Rivi-r,  Xe-w  Bedford  [vounfj]  (Smith  1S9S). 

R.  1.— Cananicut  Ferry  ((iill  ISCJ);    Xewport  (Cope  1S70). 

LUTIAXIDAE. 

227.     LiTiAXt's  GRisEUS  (Linn^). 
Gray  snapper;  Mangrove  snapper. 

LabruJi  griseu.t  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  175S,  vol.  1,  p.  283. 
"in  America." 

Neomaenis  griwus  (Linne).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  inu.s.,  189S,  pt.  2,  p.  12o5. 

Mas.s.— Wood.s  Hole  [vounfj]  (Smith  1898). 
H.  I.— Newport  (Tracy  1900). 

22S.     Lutiaxus  jocu  (Bloch   &  Schneider). 

Dog  snapper. 

Anthia.s  pea  Blo(4i  6^  Schn..  .Sy.st.  ichth.,  ISOl,  p.  iilO.    "CiHA." 
Xeomacnis  jocu  (Bloch  &  Schn).     Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull. 
U.  S.  nat.  mu.s.  1898.  pt.  2,  p.  12.57. 

Mas.s.       Wood.s  Hole  [\oung]  (Smith   1S98). 

229.     Ia'tiants    at'odi-s    fWidhanm). 

Schoolmaster. 

t  Ferca  ajxMlux  Walhaum.  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  351.     "Bama- 

MAS. 


102  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

LUTIANIDAE. 

Neomaeni.-t  opodus  (Walbaum).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1S98,  pt.  2,  p.  125S;  U»00,  pt.  4,  pi.  197,  fig.  515. 

Mass.—  Woods  Hole,  [voung]  (Smith  1898). 

230.  LuTiA.NUS  BLACKFORDii  Goodc    &  Beau. 

Red  snapper. 

Goode  &  Bean,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1878,  vol.  1.  p.  170. 
"Pensacola,  Fla." 

Neomaenis  aya  (Bloch).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1264;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  197,  fig.  516. 

Mass. —  Menemsha  Bight  [}oung]  (Smith  1898). 

231.  LuTiANUS  ANALis  (CuvicF  &  Valcnciennes). 

Muttonfish. 

MesopriU7i  atialis  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poiss.,  1828,  vol.  2,  p. 
452.     "Santo  Domixgo." 

Neomaenis  analis  (Cuv.  &  Val.).  Jordan  &  Evermann.  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S9S,  pt.  2.  p.  1265;  1900,  pt.  4.  pi.  198,  fig.  517. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  [\'oung]  (Smith  189$). 

232.  OCYURUS  CHRYSURUS   (Bloch). 

I 

Yellowtail. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus..  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1275;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  199,  fig.  520. 

Sparus  chrysurus  Bloch.  Ichth.  Nat.ausl.  fi.sclie.  1790,  vol.  3,  p. 
28,  pi.  262.     "Brazil." 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  |\-oung]  (Smith  1901). 


PISCES.  1 03 

TELKOSTOMI.  ACANTHOFTKRI 

SPAHIDAE. 

233.    Ste.votomus  chrysops  (Linn6). 

Scup;  Porgy. 

Jonlan  ik  Kvennaiiii,  IJull.  47.  I'.  S.  iiat.  inus.,  1S9.S,  pt.  2,  p. 
I.Mr.:   1<MM).  pt.  4.  pi.  211.  HfT.  -)U. 

Sparuji  chrifsnps  Linn^',  .Syst.  nat..  cd.  12,  17<i<>,  vol.  1,  pt.  1.  p. 
471.     "i\  r.\i{()i,iNA." 

Pngrii.i  arrfifrups  C'uv.  Stf.rcr.  Mrin.  .Vincr.  acad..  1S,5.3.  vol.  .5.  p. 
127.  pi.  10.  ficr.  4. 

Me. —  Eastporl  (U.  S.  nat.  iim.s.,  1872);  Casco  Bay  (Smith  & 
Kendall  1S%). 

Mass. —  Buzzards  Bay;  N'incyard  ."^ouiid;  Holmes  Hole;  Well- 
fleet;  Sandwich;  Boston;  Xahant  (Storer  1.S.39  and  1853);  Wa- 
quoit  (I.,yman  1872);  .'^wainpscot  (B.  S.  N.  II.,  Phillijxs  coll.); 
Buzzard.s  Bay  (B.  S.  .\.  II..  Davidson  coll.);  Nantucket  Sound; 
Buzzards  Bay  (Collins  &  Kathhun  1887);  Milk  Island  (Goode 
&  Bran  1879;  Cohasset  Narrows  (Bean  1880);  Thatchers 
Island  ((roodc  1884);  North  Truro;  Monomoy;  Meneinsha 
Bijrht  ( Kendall  coll.  1890);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S73;  Bean  l^SO 
and  Smith  189S);  Nantucket  (Sharp  and  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. —  Narracjansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899  and  Pope  coll.); 
Taunton  River;    Newj)ort;    Block  Island  (Tracy  1906). 

Coxx. —  Brid<;eport;  New  Haven  (Linsley  1844);  otf  Briiljie- 
port;  off  Stratford;  Middlecrround  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  off  Kaulk- 
ners  Island  (Kendall  coll.  1892). 

2^J4.     Lkoodov  uhomhoidks  (I^inn^). 

Piufish;  Sailors  choice ;  Bream. 

Jordan  &  Everniaiin.  Bull.  47.  I  .  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S9S,  |)t.  2.  p. 
1.3.>S;   19(K).  pt.  4.  pi.  215,  fig.  552. 

SfHtrujt  rfioinJjoidr.t  Linn^"'.  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17<)(i.  vol.  1,  pt.  1. 
p.  470.     "iv  America." 

M.VS.S.   -Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 


104  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

SPARIDAE. 

R.I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm.  1S99);  Newport 
(Tracy  1906). 

235.  Archosargus  probatocephalus  (Walbaum). 
Sheepshead. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1361;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  216,  fig.  554. 

Spcirus  probatocephalus  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  295. 
"New  York." 

Sargus  avis  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol.  5,  p. 
126,  pi.  10,  fig.  1. 

Mass.—  South  of  Cape  Cod  (Storer  1839  and  1853) ;  Vineyard 
Sound  (Smith  1898);  Woods  Hole  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Denton  coll.). 

R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899);  Newport 
(Tracy  1906). 

Conn.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

GERRIDAE. 

236.  EuciNOSTOMUS  GULA  (Cuvier  &  Valenciennes). 
Silver  jenny. 

Jordan  &,  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
464.     1370. 

Gerres  gida  Cuv.  &  Val.,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1830,  vol.  6,  p. 
464.     "Martinique." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  [young]  (Smith  1898). 

KYPHOSIDAE. 

237.  Kyphosus  sectatrix  (Linne). 

Chub;  Sailors  choice. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1387;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  219,  fig.  559. 


PISCES.  105 

ti:lix)st().mi.  acan  rii«  irri.ia. 

KVrHoSIDAK. 

Perca  sectatrix  Linn^''.  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17GG,  vol.  1,  p.  480.  "i\ 
Amkkica." 

Mv^'^.      \V()0(1>  Hole  (Baird  1873  aiul  Smith  l.S!>S). 
1{    I.— Newport  (Goode  1879). 

SCIAENIDAI.. 
23^.     Cxsoscios  REG.\Lis  (Blocli   &  Schneider). 

Weakfish;  Squeteagne;  Sea  trout. 

Jordan  &  Evennaiui,  liull.  47,  l'.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  1898,  pt.  2.  p. 
1407;    19CM).  pt.  4.  pi.  220,  fig.  .%2. 

Johniuss  regali.s  Bloch  &  Schn..  Svst.  ichtli.,  ISOI.  j).  75.  "Xew 
York." 

Otollthu.f  rer/all.t  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol. 
5,  p.  122,  pi.  9,  ficr.  1. 

Me.—  (Holmes   18G2). 

M.\.s.s. —  Massachusetts  Bay  (B.  S.  N.  II.,  Storer  coll.);  Nan- 
tucket; Marthas  Vineyard;  Provincetown  (Storer  1839  and  1853); 
Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  Milk  Island,  Cape  Ann  (Goode  &  Bean 
1879);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Bean  1880);  Monomoy; 
Meneinsha  Bijiht  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith 
1S9S);    Nantucket  (Sharp  and  Fowler  1900). 

R.I. —  Narrajiansett  Bay  (H.  I.  fish  comm.  1S9'.»;;  Conimicut 
(Pope  coll.  1S94-99);  Providence  River;  oil' Block  Island  (Tracy 
HMK)). 

CoxN. —  Mouth  of  Hou.satonic  (Linsley  1844);  off  Bridfjeport; 
off  Stratford;  Middle  Ground  [vounj;]  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  off 
Norwalk  Light  House;   off  Branford  Beacon  (Kendall  coll.  1892). 

S<lAi:.\lI)AK. 
239.     Lahimi.s  KA.sci.\Tt  s  Ilolbrook. 

Holhrook.    Ichth.   South   Carolina,   IS.")!"..   |..    I.Ti,   |)l.   22.  fig.    1. 


106  FAUNA    OF    NEW     ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  •   ACANTHOPTERI. 

SCIAEXID.\E. 

"Charleston."     Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1424. 

Mass.— Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898). 

240.  SciAENOPS  OCELLATUS  (Linne). 
Red  drum;  Channel  bass. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1453;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  222,  fig.  567. 

Perca  ocellata  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  483.  "in 
Carolina." 

Mass. —  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898). 

241.  Leiostomus  xanthurus  Lacepede. 

Spot. 

Lacepede,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1802,  vol.  4,  p.  439,  pi.  10,  fig.  00- 
"Carolina."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1458;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  223,  fig.  569. 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 
R.I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  L  fish  comm.   1899);    Newport 
(Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Branford   (Linsley  1844). 

242.  [NIiCROPOGON  UNDULATUS  (Linne). 
Croaker. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1461;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  224,  fig.  570. 

Perca  undulaia  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  483. 
"in  Carolina." 

Mass. —  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898). 


ri.'^c'ES.  1  ( 17 

TEM:(  )ST(  )MI  .  ACANTHt  )rTKHI . 

SC'IAKNIDAE. 

2i;i.     Mkntkmukhus  saxatii.is  (Blocli   &  Sclineiiler). 

Kingfish;  Whiting;  Sea  mullet. 

•Ionian  &  Evcnnaim,  Hull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  inus..  1S9S,  pt.  J,  |). 
1475. 

JnhniiiJt  saxatili-f  Blofh  &  Schii.,  Syst.  iclitli..  ISOI,  |i.  ?.'>. 
"Xkw  York." 

i'mbrina  nebulosa  Storvr.  Storcr,  Meiu.  Aincr.  atad.,  iS.'i.'i,  vol. 
5.  p.  124.  pi.  9,  fig.  4. 

Mk.  —  Casco  Bay  (I^e  1885  ami  Bowdoiii  collefje). 

M.\s.s.  —  Xahaiit;  Lynn  (Storer  1842);  Boston  Light  House; 
Lynn;  Provincetown  (Storer  1853);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872); 
Marblclu'acl  Light;  Spite  Bridge,  Danvers  (Goode  &  Bean  1879); 
Cohasset  Xarrows  (Bean  1880);  North  Truro;  Monoinoy  (Ken(hill 
eoll.  1896);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Srliith  1898); 
Nantucket  (.Sjiarpc  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L—  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

Cow.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844);    Noank  (Bean  1880). 

244.  PoGON'iAS  CRO.Mi.s  (Linn6). 

Drum;  Black  drum. 

Jordan  &  Evennann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  inus.,  1S',»S.  |)t.  2, 
p.  14S2;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  225,  fig.  573. 

Labriis  cromis  Linn^,  Sy.st.,  nat.,  ed.   12,    17(>(i,   vol.   1,  p.  479. 

"IX    C.VROI.INA." 

M.v.ss.  —  Provincetown    ((rooilr     \-    Bean    1879;     My.stic  River 
(B.  S.  N.  II..  (litter  coll.);   Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 
H.  I.  —  .Xarragan.sett  Bay  (R.  L  fish  comin.  1899). 
Coxx.— Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

245.  .\iM.<)i)ONOTUS  GRiNNiKNs   Rafines(|ue. 
Freshwater  drum;  Sheepshead. 

Rafines{jue,    Journ.    dt-    pliys.,    1819,    p.    88.     "Dnio   River." 


108  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  .  ACANTHOPTERI. 

SCIAENIDAE. 

Jordan   &   Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1484;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  226,  pi.  574. 

Vt.— (Storer  1842);  Lake  Champlain  (Thompson  1842). 

POMACENTRIDAE. 

246.  EupoMACENTRUS  LEUcosTiCTUs  (Miiller   &  Troschel). 

Cocky  pilot. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1555. 

Pomaccntrus  leucostictus  ^Miiller  &  Troseh.,  Schomburgk's 
Hist.  Barbados,  1848,  p.  674.     "Barbados." 

Mass.— Katama  Bay  (Smith  1900). 

247.  Abudefduf  saxatilis  (Linne). 

Cocky  pilot. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1561;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  234,  fig.  590. 

Chaetodon  saxatilis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p. 
276.     "in  India." 

R.  L— Newport  (Cope  1870). 

LABRIDAE. 

248.  Tautogolabrus  adspersus  (Walbaum). 
Chogset;  Cunner;  Nipper;  Wharffish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1577;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  236,  fig.  505. 

Labrus  adspersus  Walhsium,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  254.  "New 
York." 


PISCES.  109 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTlIUlTl.Kl. 

I.AIiHIDAK. 

Ctcuulahru.s  rrrulru.'i  l)tl\;i\.  Storcr.  Mtiii.  Aiiur.  ikjkI.,  1S5.5, 
vol.  '),  |».  274,  |)1.  21.  fig.  1. 

Me. —  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  inu.s.  1873;  IJte  1885;  Kendall 
coll.  1892,  189G;    1898;    1900.  1902;    190.'^);    Portland  (Bean  1880). 

M As.s. —  Entire  eoa.st  (.Storer  1839  and  18.5.'));  Massachusetts 
Hay  (B.  .'^.  N.  H..  .*^t()rer  coll.) ;  Anjiiscjuani  (B.  S.  X.  II.,  Aretliusa 
coll.);  ( )rlcans.  Cape  Cod  (B.  ."^.  X.  II.,  Davidson  coll.);  Waqnoit 
(Lyman  1S72);  ."^alcni  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Brovincetown  (Bean 
ISSO);  Gloucester  (Bean  1880  and  Kendall  coll.  189G);  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898);  Gay  Head; 
Guttyhunk  (.Smith  1898);   Xantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

K.  1.  —  Xarragan.sett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899);  Conimicut 
(Pope  coll.   1894-99). 

CoN.N.— "Common"  (Lin.sley  1844);  Xoank  (Bean  1880); 
off  Stratford  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  off  Faulkners  Island  (Kendall 
coll.   1.S92). 

219.     T.\LTOGA  iiMiis  (Linne). 

Tautog;  Blackfish. 

Jordan  »S:  Evermaini,  Bull.  47,  l'.  S.  ii.ii.  huh.,  IS'.IS,  pt.  2,  p. 
1.578;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  237,  fig.  .590. 

Lahrus  onitis  Linn<i,  Sy.st.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17oS.  vol.  1.  |).  2S(1. 

Tautocja  americana  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  IS.5.5, 
vol.  .5,  p.  27G,  pi.  20,  fig.  2. 

Mf:. —  Ca.sco  Bay  (Lee  1885);  Small  Point,  Casco  Bay  (Kendall 
coll.  189G);  Orrs  Island,  Casco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.  1900);  mouth 
Harra.seeket  River  (Kendall  coll.  1901);  Freeport  (Kendall  coll. 
1903);   Penob.scot  River  and  Bay  (Evermann  1903). 

M.\.s.s. —  Plymouth;  Xahant;  Lymi;  Boston;  WelKleet;  Roch- 
ester  Ilarhor    (.Storer    1855);    Waquoit    (Lyman    1872);    Massa- 


110  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

LABRIDAE. 

chusetts  Bay  (Bean  1880);  Gloucester  (B.  S.  X.  II.,  Davidson 
coll.);  Nantucket  Sound;  Vineyard  Sound;  Buzzards  Bay  (Collins 
&  Rathbun  1887);  Monomoy;  Menerasha  Bight  (Kendall  coll. 
1896);  Woods  Hele  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898); 
Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  *I.  fish  coinm.  1899);  off  Conimi- 
cut  Light  (Pope  coll.  1897-99);  Pawtucket  (Tracy  1906). 

CoXN. —  Middle  Ground;  off  Stratford;  off"  Bridgeport;  Ston- 
ington  (Linsley  1844);  Noank  (Bean  1880). 

SCARIDAE. 

250.  Sparisoma  flavescens   (Bloch    &  Schneider). 
Mud  parrot. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1639. 

Scarus  flavescens  Bloch  &  Schn.,  Syst.  ichth.,  1801,  p.  290. 
"Cuba." 

Mass.— Woods  Hole  (Smith  1901). 

251.  SCARUS  CROICENSIS  Bloch. 

Bullon. 

Bloch,  Nat.  ausl.  fische,  vol.  3,  p.  27,  1790,  pi.  221.  "St. 
Croix."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898, 
pt.  2,  p.  1650. 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  (Smith  1901). 

ZEID.AE. 

252.  Zenopsis  ocellatus  (Storer). 

John  dory. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1660;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  246,  fig.  618. 


PISCES.  1  1  1 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTiluriKlil. 

ZKIDAK. 

Zeuji  occUaiiui  StonT,  Proc  Host.  soc.  iiat.  hist.,  iSoS,  vol.  il,  p. 
380.     "Pkovincktowx,  Ma.s.s." 

M.\ss. —  Provineetowii    (Storer    1858 a). 

III'IIIPPIDAE. 

'li'^'.^.     ("'ii  vi.iiiDii'TKHU's  lAUKH   (Hrous-sonet), 

Spadefish;  Porgy. 

Jordan   &  Evfrmaiiii,  Hull.  47.  I  .  .""'.  nai.  iiitis.,  1S9S,  pt.  2,  j). 
IOCS;    I'XM).  pt.  4.  pi.  247,  fig.  619.     • 

Charfodon  fahcr  Broussonet,  Ichth.,  1782,  pt.  5,  |)1.  4.     ".Iamm- 


c.\." 


M.v.ss.  -  Woods  Hole  (Smith   1S9S). 
H.  I.      Narracransctt  Bay  (Tracv  lUOC)). 

CHAETODOXTIlJ.\E. 
2'A.      Cn.\ETODON'    OCELIATUS    Bloijl. 

Butte  rflyfish. 

Hl.xli.  .\at.  aasl.  fi.schc,  1787,  vol.  2,  p.  105,  pi.  211,  fig.  2. . 

Jordan  &  Evennanii,  Hull.  47,  U.  S.  nat,  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1G74; 
1900,  i.t.  4.  pi.  249,  fig.  021. 

Ma,s.s.— Woods  Hole  (Smith   1S9S). 

K.  I.— Newport  ((iill  IS(>1  and  Cope  1S70). 

2.').').       (  "IIAKTODOX    CAI'ISTRATUS    LiuiU'. 

Butterfly. 

Liim6,  Sy.st.  nat.,  cd.  10,  17.')8,  vol.  1,  |).  17.")S.  "i\  Indus." 
Jordan  (!v:  Hvcrmaiui,  Bull.  47,  I'.  S.  nat.  inns..  ls9S.  |)t.  2,  p.  1077; 
l!>00.  pt.   1.  pi.  2.')0,  fig.  022. 

Ma.s.s.— Woods  Hole;  Qui.s.set  Harhor  (Smith  1S98);  Katama 
Bav  (Smith  1901). 


112  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  '  ACANTHOPTERI. 

TEUTHIDIDAE. 

256.  Teuthis  caeruleus  (Bloch   &  Schneider). 
Blue  tang. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1691. 

Acanthurus  caeruleus  Bloch  &  Schn.,  Syst.  ichth.,  ISOl,  ]).  214. 
"Carolina;  Havana." 

■  Mass. — -Katama  Bay  [y^oung],  (Smith  1900). 

257.  Teuthis  hepatus  Linne. 

Tang. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  507.  "in  Carolina, 
Amboina."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898, 
pt.  2,  p.  1991. 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  [v'oung]  (Smith  1900). 

258.  Teuthis  bahianus  (Castelnau). 
Ocean  tang. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1693;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  256,  fig.  629. 

Acanthurus  bahianus  Castelnau,  Anim.  nouv.  ou  rares  de  I'Amer. 
du  Sud,  1855,  p.  241,  pi.  11,  fig.  1.     "Bahia." 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  [y-oung],  (Smith  1900). 

BALISTIDAE. 

259.  Balistes  carolinensis  Gmelin. 

Triggerfish. 

Gmelin,  Syst.  nat.^  1788,  vol.  1,  p.  1468.  "Carolina."  Jordan 
&  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1701;  1900, 
pt.  4,  pi.  258,  fig.  632. 


PISCES.  113 

TKLKOSTOMI.  AC'A.\TH(H''11;K1. 

HALISTIDAE. 

Mass.-  Stjiiaiii  Kivcr,  .\iiiiis(|iiam  (H.  S.  .\.  II.,  Hyatt  cnll.); 
.\f\v  HcdfonI  (Luff  lss;{);    Woods  Ilok-  (Smith  1S<>,S). 

K.  I.— Xtnvport  (Hran  ISSO);  Xarragaiiscit  Hay  (R.  I.  fi.sh 
coiiiiii.  1S99);  Wickfonl  (H.S.  .\.  H..  Lewis  coll.);  West  Passage; 
(\)iinanicut  Island  (Tracy  I'.iOC)). 

2(i().     Mvi.isTF.s  FonrtPVTUs  (iinclin 

Triggerfish. 

(iineliii,  Syst.  iiat..  17SS,  vol.  1.  p.  1472.  'Bu.^ziL.''  Jordan 
&  Evennann.  Bull.  47.  U.  S.  nai.  inus.,  1S9S,  pt.  2,  p.  1702. 

R.  I.— Newport  (Cope  1870);  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish 
comm.  1S99). 

2(il.     Balistks  VETILA  Linn<!^. 

Oldwife ;  Bessy  corker. 

Linne,  Syst.  uat.,  ed.  10,  17oS,  vol.  1,  p.  320.  "ix  i.\sil.\m 
A.srENSio.MS."  Jordan  &:  Evennann,  Bnll.  47,  V.  S.  nat.  inns., 
189S,  pt.  2,  ]).  170;i. 

Ma.ss.— Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S73  and  Smith  1S9S  [voinior]); 
Nantucket  (Sharp   &  Fowler  1«)04). 

2(')2.     Canthidkrmis  .souaco  Poey. 

Sabaco. 

Poey.  Memorijis,  ISIjO,  vol.  2,  p.  321.  "Havana."  Jordan 
&  Evennann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  1S9.S,  pt.  2,  p.  170.'). 

Ma.s.s. —  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1S9S). 

MO.NWCAXTHIDAE. 

2G3.      MoNACA.NTHUS  CILIATUS  (Mitcliill). 

FUefish. 

Jordan  &  Evennann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  inn-^.,  is;98,  pt.  2,  p. 
1714;    19(M).  pt.  4.  J)!.  2o9,  fig.  034. 


114  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  '  ACANTHOPTERI. 

MONACANTHIDAE. 

Balistes  ciUatn.s  Mitcliill,  Amcr.  month,  iniiff.  &  crit.  rev.,  1S18, 
vol.  2,  p.  326.     "B.\HAM.\  Straits." 

Monacanthus  7naftsachusette}isi.s  Storer.  Store r,  Mem.  Amer. 
acad.,  1S63,  vol.  8,  p.  425,  pi.  34,  fig.  4. 

Mass. —  Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1839  and  1S()3). 

264.  ]\IONACANTHUS   HISPIDUS    (Linn^). 

Filefish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nui.s.,  1898,  pt.  2,  ]). 
1715;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  259,  fig.  635. 

Balistes  hispidus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  405. 
"Carolina." 

Mojiacanthus  .s'ignifer  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1863, 
vol.  8,  p.  426,  pi.  35,  fig.  1. 

Mass. —  Lynn  and  Nantucket  (Storer  1843  a);  Hingham; 
Lynn;  Nahant;  Boston  Harbor  (Storer  1863);  Marthas  Vineyard 
(B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt  coll.);  (;ape  Cod  (Goode  1879);  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1873;   Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Newport  (Bean  1880);  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  L  fish 
comm.  1899). 

Conn. —  Stonington  (Linsley  1844). 

265.  Alutera  schoepfii  (Walbaum). 

Foolfish;  Turbot;  Hogfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nuis.,  1898.  pt.  2,  p. 
1718;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  260,  fig.  636. 

Balistes  schoepfii  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  461.  "Long 
Island." 

Monacanthus  aiiranticus  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1863,  vol.  8,  p.  423,  pi.  34,  fig.  3. 

'  Me.—  Portland  (Storer  1845,    1848  and  1863). 
Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer   1839);  Salem   (Storer  1845,  and 


PISCES.  115 

TKLi:( )ST(  )MI.  ACANTIK  )IT1:K1  . 

MoWCWTniDAK. 

l.SC»;i);     Fonvst    Kivtr   L.;i.l   Works.  Salt-in   (Wlit'atlaml    ISoJ  an<l 

(i(X)(lr    &   Htaii    lS7y);    Mfm-inslia    Hi<;lit    (Bt-an    ISSO);    Woods 

Ilolf  (Hainl  1S73;    Bran  1S.S()  and  Smith  ISOS). 

H.  1.      Nfwport  (Bean  ISSO);  (Joost- Nick  (Tracy  l<ni(.) 

( 'o\\.  —  Ix>nj;   Islam!   Sttund;    Stratford;    Stoiiiiij;loii    (Liiisli-y 

1S44). 

2(»(t.       Al-ITKUA    MDNOCEROS    (Lillllt'). 

Liza  barbula. 

Jordan   &  Kvcrinann,  Bull.  47,  V .  S.  nai.  nius..  ls*)S,  pt.  2,  p. 

1720.     Smith.  Bull.  U.  S.  fish  comm..  1S<)«».  vol.  IS,  p.  27:^.  pi.  M. 

liali.ttr.s  mtniorcros  Linn^*',  Syst.  nat..  fd.  10.  17.").s.  vol.  1,  p.  ;i27. 

".V.-^IA." 

M.\.S8.— Woods  H.)I.-  (Smith  1S99). 

OSTH.UIIDAE. 

207.     La<t<)I'HKY.s  TKiQiKTKit  (Linn^). 
Rock  shellfish;  Trunkfish. 

Jordan  (is:  Evermann.  Bull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  mus..  IS'IS.  pt.  2.  p. 
1722;    HKJO,  pt.  4,  pi.  2(11,  fijj.  6.3S. 

Ostrnrion  iriqurter  Lirni^-,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10,  17')S,  vol.  1,  p.  3.30. 
"in  India." 

MA.S.S.—  K'atama  Bay  (Smith   I'.MX)). 

2liS.     La<tophry.s  TRiGo.vf.s  (Linn^). 
Trunkfish;  Shellfish. 

Jordan  &  Kvi-rmaini.  Bull.  17,  I".  S.  nat.  nni-^.,  !s<»S,  pt.  2.  p. 
1723;    I'JOO.  pt.  4.  pi.  2r>3.  fig.  (i41. 

Oxlrnriim  trhjonu-n  Linn^'.  Syst.  nat.,  cil.  10.  17.')S,  vol.  1,  p.  330. 
"in  India." 


116  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

OSTRACIIDAE. 

Lactophrys  yalci  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amcr.  aca^.,  1863,  vol. 
8,  p.  429,  pi.  35,  fig.  3. 

Mass.— Marthas  Vineyard  (Storer  1837,  1839,  1863);  Holmes 
Hole  (B.  S.  N.  H.);  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 
R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

269.  Lactophrys  tricornis  (Linne). 
Cowfish;  Toro. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1724;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  261,  fig.  639. 

Ostracion  frirornifi  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  331. 
"in  India." 

INIass.— Katama  Bay  (Smith  1900). 

TETRAODONTIDAE. 

270.  Lagocephalus  laevigatus  Linne. 
Rabbitfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1728;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  268,  fig.  642. 

Tetrodon  laevigatus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p. 
411.  "in  Carolina."  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.  1863,  vol.  8, 
p.  418,  pi.  39,  fig.  1. 

Mass.— Nantucket  (Storer  1842  and  1842);  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1873);  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898;  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith 
1898). 

R.  L — Narragansett  Bay;  Tiverton;  Newport  (R.  L  fish  comm. 
1899). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844). 


PI.^^'KS.  117 

TKLKOSTOMl  AfANTlK  >1'1  l.Kl 

ti:ti{A(H)»).mii»al:. 

271.  SPIIKUOIDKS    SI'KNGLKIU    (B1«kIi). 

Swelltoad;  Tambor. 

.Jordan  c^  Kwrinaiiii.  Bull.  17,  T.  .^.  iiat.  iiiiis..  1898.  \M.  2,  p. 
1732;    I'.MM),  |)t.  4.  1)1.  '2M,  fig.  ()44. 

Trirndnn  sjyriKjhrl  Bloch,  Nat.  iiusl.  fisclu',  l7So,  vol.  2,  p.  ]'.i'), 
|il.  !  1 1.     ■' K.K.ST  Indik.s." 

.M\-^.    W.M.iU  ll(.l.'  (Smith   ISUS). 

272.  SiMiKHttii>K.s  M.KCUiATU.s  (Bloc'li  &  Schnei(lor). 
Swellfish;  Puffer;  Swelltoad;  Baloonfish;  Bellowsfish. 

.Ionian  <Jv-  Evi-rniann  Bull.  47.  I'.  S.  nat.  niu.s.,  1898,  j)!.  2,  p. 
173;};    I'.XM).  pt.  4.  pi.  2(;4,  fij;.  Mr,. 

Trtn>(li)ii  fii.'^piflu.s  var.  mwulatu.s  Blocli  <S:  .Sclin.,  Syst.  ithtli., 
1801.  p.  .')()4.     "Long  I.si.and." 

TrtrruHlon  tiirrfidu.t  Mitcliill.  Storer,  Mem.  Amcr.  acad.  1S(»3, 
vol.  8,  p.  417.  pi.  33.  fip;.  5. 

Mi;.      Small  Point,  (  ax-o  Bay  (Smith  cSj  Kendall  1S90). 

M  AS.s.  —  Boston,  Holmes  Hole  (Storer  18.39);  Xahant;  Manem- 
sha  Creek  (Storer  1803);  Massaclui.sett.s  Bay  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Storer 
foil.);  Salem  Harbor  (Wiieatlaiid  1.S.52);  Provineetowii  (Goodi'  «Jv: 
Bean  1879);  Coha.s.set  Narrows  (Bean  1880);  North  Truro;  Mon- 
omoy  (Kendall  coll.  18«M>);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1S80 
and  Smith  IS'IS);  Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

K.  I.—  Narrapmsett  Bay  (K.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

Cow.  "Very  common"  (l.insley  1844);  Noank  (Bean  IS80); 
oir  Branford  Beacon  (Kendall  coll.  1S«>2). 

273.  Si'HKHoinK.s  TK.sTii)F\Kts  (Linn^O- 

Tambor;  Globefish. 

•Jordan  cV  Kvcrmann,  Bull.  47.  l'.  ."**.  nal.  nnis..  IKOS,  p(.  2,  p. 
17.31:    I'.tOO.  pt.  4,  1)1.  2(;.').  fif;.  (UC. 


118  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

TETRAODOXTIDAE. 

Tetraodon  testudineus  Linne,  Syst.  iiat.,  ed.  10,  175S,  vol.  1,  p. 
332.     "in- India." 

R.  I.— Xe^\-port  (Cope  1870;    Jordan  &  Evermann  1898). 

274.  Spheroides  trichocephalus  (Cope). 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  -17,  U.  S.  nat.  raus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1737. 

Tetraodon  trichocephalus  Cope,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phil.,  1870, 
p.  120.     "Newport,  R.  I." 

R.  I.— Xe^-pon  [?]  (Cope  1870). 

DIODOXTIDAE. 

275.  DiODON  HYSTRix  Linne. 

Porcupinefish. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  1758.  "ix  India." 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1745; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  266,  fig.  648. 

Mass.—  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898). 

276.  Chilomycterus   schoepfi    (Walbaum). 

Burrfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1748;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  266,  fig.  649. 

Diodon  schoepfi  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise.,  1792,  p.  601.     "Long 

ISLANT)." 

Mass. —  Massachusetts  Bay  (B.  S.  X.  H.);  "Woods  Hole  (Baird 
1873  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Watch  Hill  (Goode  1879);  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish 
comm.  1899);    Xe^\-port  (Bean  1880  and  Pope  coll.  1904). 

Conn.— (A}Tes  1843);  Stratford;  Xew  Haven  (Linsley  1844); 
Xoank  (Bean  1880). 


Pli>CES.  119 

TKLKOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTKRI. 

MOLIDAE. 
277.     Mki.a    Mill. a    I.iimr. 
Simfish. 

Jitnlaii  ^:  Evonnaiin.  Bull.  47.  I'.  S.  iiai.  mus..  Is'.ts,  |)t.  _',  p. 
17.');i;    19(X>.  |)t.  4.  |)1.  207.  fi<r.  Col. 

TtimiHli)n  mold  Linn^,  Syst.  iiat..  cd.  10,  175S,  veil.  1,  p.  334. 
"in  Mkditkkkanko." 

Orllidf/ari.'icu.s-  mnhi  St-lin.  StoriT.  Mem.  Anier.  acad.,  18G3,  vol. 
s.  i>.  420.  pi.  34.  fig.  2. 

Mk.      ()\\  Portland  (V .  ^.  iiat.  inus.  1875). 

Ma.s.s.— Boston  Bay  (Storer  1S39);  Xahant  (Biiiiicy  1S43); 
Upper  Southbridfie,  Boston  (Storer  1844);  Ma.ssachusetts  Bay 
(Storer  1803);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  Salein  Harbor;  oH" 
(tlouce.ster  (Goode  &  Bean  1S79);  Vineyard  Somid;  Buzzards 
Bay  (.^mith  1898);   Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.—  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comni.  IS99);  Block  Island 
(Tracy   1900). 

Conn. —  Stonint;ion   (Linsley   1844);    Xoank  (Goode  1879). 

.^CDRPAEXIDAi:. 
27N.     Seh.vstfjs  MAKi.NLs  (Linn^). 

Red  perch;  Bream. 

Jordan  &  Everniann,  Bull.  17.  I  .  S.  nat.  nius.,  1898,  pt.  2.  p. 
1700;    19(H).  pt.  4.  pi.  268,  fig.  053. 

I'crra  marina  Linne,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  2i(0.  "in 
Nohvkgia;    Itai.ia." 

Selta.ste.t  norvrrjiruK  Cuv.  .'^torcr.  Mcin.  .\nu'r.  acad..  18.j3.  vol. 
5,  p.  80,  pi.  7,  fig.  1. 

Me.— Near  Portland  fPerley  1852);  Eastport  (Verrill  1871; 
U.  S.  nat.  inus.  1872;  Boardman  ^:  .\tkins  1875;  Bean  18S0; 
Kendall  coll.  1S93);   (\i.sco  Bay  (T.  S.  nat.  mus.  1S73:    Lee  1.SS.5). 


120  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERl . 

SCORPAENIDAE. 

Mass.—  Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1836,  1853  and  Bean  1880); 
Misery  Island,  in  Salem  Harbor  (Wheatland  1852);  Provincetown 
(Storer  1854);  Salem  Harbor  (Putnam  1856  and  Wheatland  1859); 
Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

279.  SCORPAENA  PLUMIERI  Bloch. 

Scorpion. 

Bloch,  Kongl.  svenska  vetensk.  akad.  Nya  handl.,  1789,  vol.  10, 
p.  234.  "Martinique."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1898. 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  (Smith  1900). 

Conn. —  Stratford;   Bridgeport  (Linsley  1844). 

280.  ScoRPAENA  GRANDicoRNis  Cuvier   &  Valenciennes. 
Lionfish. 

Cuvier  &  Valenciennes,  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1829,  vol.  4,  p. 
309.  "Martinique;  Porto  Rico;  Havana;  San  Do.mingo." 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p.  1850; 
1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  278,  fig.  672. 

Mass. —  Katama  Bay  (Smith  1900). 

COTTIDAE. 

281.  Artediellus  atlanticus  Jordan    &  Evermann. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1900;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  285,  fig.  690. 

Centridermichihys  uncinatus  (Reinh.),  Goode  &  Bean,  Bull. 
Essex  inst.,  1879,  vol.  11,  p.  13. 

Mass. —  Massachusetts  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1879;  Jordan  & 
Evermann    1898). 


riscKs.  1 2 1 

TELi:( )ST(  )M I  A(  AN  ri  lOlTKlU . 

COTTlDAi:. 

2S2.     'I'uKJi.ors  riN'GELMi  Hriiilianlt. 

Kt'iiihardi.  Koii;;.  1  )aiisk.  \'u\.  selsk.  Al'li..  lS'.i2,  vol.  3,  p.  .")2. 
"(Ji{KF,\i-.\Ni)."  Jordan  &  Evcrinann,  Bull.  47,  U.S.  nat.  inus., 
189S,  pt.  2,  |).  1923;  1900,  pi.   I.  pi.  280,  i\>r.  (i97. 

.Ma.s.s. —  Near  Kacr  Point  Liglitliou.'>c'  (li.  ^.  N.  H.);  Ma.ssuchu- 
sctts  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1S79). 

2S;J.     CoTTUS  GR.\riLis  Meckel. 

Millers  thumb;  Rock  cusk;  Brook  cusk. 

Hfckti.  .Vnn.  Wit-n.  nuis.,  LSiU.  vol.  2,  p.  lis.  "Xi;\v  Vouk." 
Storer,  Mem.  .\nier.  aead.,  1S53,  vol.  5,  p.  72,  pi.  4,  fij;.  3. 

Uranidcn  gracilis  (Meckel).  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Hull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  niiis..  1S9S,  pt.  2.  p.  1968. 

Mk. —  Kichard.son  Lake  (B.  .'^.  X.  M.);  .Viihurn  (U.S.  nat.  mu.s. 
1883);  Bear  River  (Bowdoin  college);  \Veb.ster,  Chamberlain, 
Eagle,  Churchill  and  Beau  lakes;  Cro.s.s  Lake  Thoroughfare;  trib- 
utary of  Aroo.stook  River,  Caribou,  (Kendall  1903);  Rangeley 
Lakes  (.\tkin.s  coll.  1903);  Sel)ago  Lake  (Mose.s  coll.,  19()()). 

X.  M. —  Saco  River,  Bartlett  (Storer  1853);  rj)per  Connecticut 
River  tributaries;  Connecticut  Lakes  (Kendall  (Js:  tioldsborough 
coll.   1904). 

Vt. —  Johnson  ((Jiranl  IS.'M));  ^^iIld.sor,  Burlington  ((iirard 
1850);    River  Lamoille  (Thomp.son  1853). 

Mkss. —  Clintonville  (Dowse  1850)  Uilliamstown  (B.  S.  X.  M., 
Buck  &  .Xa.son  coll.);  Plymouth  (Goode  1S79). 

Conn.— Manche.ster  (Linsley  1844;   .\yres  1845;   Girard  1850). 

284.     .Mv«).\()(i:rii.M.Ls  .\k.\i:is  (.Mitchill). 

Grubby;  Pygmy  sculpin. 

Jordan  ^-  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  ])t.  2,  p. 
1972;    19()<).  pi.   1.  pi.  295,  fig.  171C,. 


122  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

COTTIDAE. 

Coftus  aeneus  :\litchill,  Rept.  fish.  X.  Y.,  1814,  p.  8,  "New 
York."      ?  Storer,  Report,  1839,  p.  20. 

Me. —  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1873;  Lee  1885);  Wolfsneck, 
Casco  Bay  (Kendall  coll.). 

]\L\ss.— Oli"  Cape  Ann  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Hyatt,  VanVleck  &  Gard- 
iner coll.);  Gloucester;  Salem  (Goodc  &  Bean  1879);  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  1873;   Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I. —  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899)  "Willow  Beach 
(Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Bridgeport;    Norwalk   (Linsley   1844);    Xoank   (Bean 

1880). 

285.  Myoxocephalus  scorpius  (Einne). 

Shorthorn  sculpin;  Ulki. 

Jordan   &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1974;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  295,  fig.  717. 
Coitus  scorpius  Linne,  Syst.   nat.,  ed.    10,    1758,   p.   265.     "in 

OCEANO  EUROPAEO." 

Me.— Eastport  (Goode  &  Bean  1879;  Bean' 1880;  Kendall 
coll.  1893);   Casco  Bay,  Freeport  (Kendall  coll.  1892  and  1896). 

286.  Myoxocephalus  groenlandicus  (Cuvier  &  Valenciennes). 
Deepwater  sculpin;  Black  sculpin;  Daddy  sculpin. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
1974. 

Coitus  groenlandicus  Cuv.  &  Val..  Hist.  nat.  poissons,  1829,  vol. 
4,  p.  156.     "Greenland." 

Acanthocottus  variabilis  Girard.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1853,  vol.  5,  p.  74,  pi.  4.  fig.  1. 

Me.— Eastport  (VerriU  1871;  U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872;'  Bean  1880 
and  Kendall  coll.  1893);  Bucksport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1878);  Casco 


PISCES.  123 

tkleostomi.  acantholtkhi. 

(•(Hthvm:. 

Hay  (T.  S.  iiat.  mus.  1S73);  Portland  (Hcaii  ISSO);  Wlialchoat 
Island,  Casco  Hay  (Kt-ndall  coll.  1S<)2);  Penobscot  River  and  Hay 
(Kverinaiui    IS'.Ki). 

Mass.  Naliant;  Hoston  (Storer  lS3fl);  Xantiicket  Shoals 
(Storer  1S4S):  Shores  of  Ma.s.sachusetts  Hay  (Ayres  ISoO);  Chel.sea 
((Jinird  1S.5());  near  Oaifjii'  Hridfje,  Hoston  (Ayres  1S")());  off 
Nantucket;  Ma.ssaclnisetts  Hay  (Storer  1S')3);  Saleni  (Wheatland 
iN.V.t  and  Hean  ISSO);  (Jloueester  (Hean  IHSO);  North  Tniro 
(Kendall  coll.  ISUG);  Woods  Hole  (Suiith  ISIKS);  Cape  Cod  (Jordan 
&  Everinann  1S9S). 

R.  1.— Narraijan.sett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  coniin.  1S99). 

CoN.v. —  lyong  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844);  Shores  (Girard 
lS.-)()). 

287.     Myoxocki'H.\i.is  o(Toi)ec'i.msi'1.\o.sls  (.Miiehill). 

Sculpin;  Hacklehead;  Toadfish. 

Jordan    &  Evennarni,  Hull.    17,  l'.  S.  nat.  luus.,  ISyS,  pt.  2,  |). 
107»);    lUOO,  pt.  4,  j)l.  2%.  fig.  7 IS. 
CnUu.s  IS-spiiiosus  Mitchill,  Rept.  fish.  N.  ^"..  JSl  1.  p.  7.     "  .Nkw 

(»KK. 

AranthocnUun  virfjinioini.s  (lirard.  ."^titrcr,  Mem.  .\nier.  acad., 
lSo3,  vol.  .'),  p.  7(5.  jil.  4,  fif;.  2. 

Me. —  Common  alonji  whole  eoa.st.  Easfport  (\'errill  1S71  ; 
Kcn<lall  coll.  isy.'i);  Casco  Hay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1S73;  Lee  ISSo; 
Kendall  <-oll.  IS«J2-19()3) ;  Hucksport  (C.  S.  nat.  mus.  1S7S); 
Portland   (Hean    ISSO). 

N.  II. 

MA.S.S.  -"( )ur  hay"  (Storer  IS3());Mas.saehu.setts  Hay(H.S.  Nil.. 
Kncclaiid  \-  Wheatland  coll.);  Chatham  (H.  S.  N.  11..  havid- 
son  coll.);  common  (Storer  is:i9  aiul  ISoli);  Salem  (Wheatland 
IS.jO);  Wa(|Uoit  (Lyman  1S72);  Hoston  ((ioode  1S79);  Salem; 
CJIoucester   (Hean    ISSQ);    North   'iVuro;    Monomov;     Menemsha 


124  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

COTTIDAE. 

Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Cape  Cod  (Jordan  &  Evermann 
1898);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898); 
Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— Brentons  Reef  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Stonington  (Linsley  1844). 

288.  Gymnocanthus  tricuspis  (Reinhardt). 
Staghom  sculpin. 

Jordan   &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 

2008. 

Coitus  tricuspis  Reinhardt,  Kong.  Dansk.  vid.  selsk.  Afh.,  1838, 
vol.  7,  p.  117.     "Greenland." 

Me.—  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872). 

289.  Hemitripterus  americanus  (Gmelin), 
Sea  raven;  Sea  sculpin;  Toadfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
2023;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  305,  fig.  738. 

Scorpaena  americana  Gmelin,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  p.  1220. 
"America." 

Hemitripterus  acadiamis  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad., 
1S53,  vol.  5,  p.  83,  pi.  7,  fig.  4. 

Me. —  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872;  Bean  1880;  Kendall  coll. 
1893);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1873;  Lee  1885;  Kendall  coll. 
1896);  Bucksport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1878;  Bean  1880);  Portland 
(Bean  1880). 

N.  H.— 

Mass.— "Very  common"  (Storer  1836);  Massachusetts  Bay 
(Storer  1853);  Salem  Harbor  (Putnam  1856);  Waquoit  (Lyman 
1872);  Annisquam  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt,  Van  Vleck  &  Gardiner 
coll.);   Boston;  Nantucket;  Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  North  Truro; 


PISCES.  125 

TKLKOSTOMl.  ACAN'THOPTEHI. 

COTTlDAi;. 

Monoinoy;  Menonislia  Bi^'lit  (K(.'n<l;ill  coll.  isUCi);  Woods  Hole 
(Hainl  l,S7;i;    Bean  ISSO  and  Smith  ISyS). 

H.  I.— Newport  (Bcaii  isso);  Narra<iaiisett  Bay  (I{.  I.  fish 
coiniii.  1S99);    ( 'oniiaiiiciit  Island  (Trary  lltOO). 

Coxx. —  Stonini,'t()n  (Linslcy  1S44);  Noank  (Boaii  1S80). 

AGOXIDAE 

290.  Asi'IDOl'lloUOlDKS   .M(»N()I'TE1{YGH  S   (Bloch)- 

Sea  poacher;  Alligator  fish. 

StoRT,  Mem.  Anu-r.  a<ad.,  1853,  vol.  '),  p.  SO,  pi.  S,  fio;.  1.  Jor- 
(hm  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  8.  nat.  nius.,  1898,  i)t.  2,  p.  2091; 
1900.  pt.  4,  pi.  312,  fior.  756. 

Cofius  mviiopOri/f/ius  Bloch.  Xat.  ausl.  fische,  1780,  vol.  2,  p. 
15(;.  pi.  17S,  f\ff.  1,  2.  

Me.—  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872;    Kendall  ( (.11.  1893). 

.M.\s.s. —  Near  Naliant  (Storer  1839);  Provincetown;  Caj)e  Cod; 
Boston  Bay  (Storer  1853);  Ip.swieh  Bay  (li.  S.  X.  II..  II,\att,  Van 
\'lfck  tV  (lardiner  coll.);  Massaehusett.s  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1879 
and  Bean  18S0). 

K.  I.— Watch  Hill  (Goode  &  Bean  1879). 

CYCLOPTEHIDAE. 

291.  Cycix)i»terus  lu.mpls  Linn6. 

Lumpfish;  Lumpsucker. 

Limn'-,  Sy.st.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  I,  p.  200.  "i\  Dce.xxo 
B.M/niuo  A  Seitextrioxaij."  Garnian.  .Mini.  .M.  ('.  Z.,  1S<)2, 
vol.  14,  p.  21,  pi.  8,  fig.  1-3;  pi.  9.  ficj.  2,  pi.  10,  fig.  3,  pi.  11.  fig.  10, 
pi.  12-13.  Jordan  &  Evennaini,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898, 
pt.  2,  p.  2090;   19(K),  pt.  4.  |)l.  313,  fig.  757. 

Lumpxts  anrfloriiun  Willoughhy.  StoriT,  Mini.  Anier.  acad., 
1803.  vol.  8,  p.  402,  pi.  32,  fig.  2. 


126  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

CYCLOPTERIDAE. 

Me. —  All  along  the  coast.  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872;  Ken- 
dall coll.  1893);  off  Seguin  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Arothusa  coll.  1880); 
Bucksport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1878);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus. 
1873  and  1887;  I.ee  1885;  Kendall  coll.  1896;  Penobscot  River 
and  Bay  (Evermann  1903). 

Mass. —  ^Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1839;  1863);  Massachu- 
setts Bay,  off  the  Misery  (Putnam  1817);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872); 
AVoods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Goode  1879);  Plymouth  (B.  S.  X.  H., 
Bartlett  coll.);  Swampscot  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Xasou  coll.);  Nahant 
(Garman  1892);  North  Truro;  Monomoy;  Menemsha  Bight  (Ken- 
dall coll.  1896);  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898);  Xantucket  (Sharp 
&  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— Xewport  (Bean  1880);  Xarragansett  Bay  (H.  I.  hsh 
comm.  1899). 

292.     EuMiCROTREMUS  SPINOSUS  (Mtiller). 

Spring  lumpfish. 

Garman,  Mem.  M.  C.  Z.,  1892,  vol.  14,  p.  34,  pi.  11,  fig.  1-3. 
Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p.  2098. 
Cyclopierufi  .^pinosu-t  ^Mtiller,  Zool.  Danicae  Prodr..  1776  p.  ix. 


—  Eastport  (Garman  1892). 
Mass.—  Massachusetts  Bay  (Goode   &  Bean  1879) ;   off   Cape 
Ann  (B.  S.  N.  H.). 

LIPAKIDID.\E. 

293.     Neoliparis  atlanticus  Jordan   &  Evermann. 
Dark  lumpsucker. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
2107.  "GoDBouT,  Quebec.  *  *  *  Salem.  *  *  *  Woods  Hole, 
Massachusetts.  *  *  *  from  Newfoundland  to  Cape  Cod." 

Liparis  (sp.  ?)  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1867,  vol.  9,  p.  256. 


PISCES.  1 27 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOITERI. 

I.I  PARI  I  )I  DAE. 

LifHiri.t  montoffiii  Donovan.  Garman,  Mt'in.  M.  ('.  Z.,  1892,  vol. 
II.  ]K  17,  pi.  7.  i\fr.  6-20;  pi.  S,  fig.  S-12. 

Mk. —  Eastport;  rdrlhiml  Harbor  ((iarniaii  l.S<)2);  Kittery 
(Bowdoin  colU'jjt');  St'guiii  {.'^j)inncy  coll.  IIMMJ). 

M.\s.s. —  Mius.sachu.sett.s  Bay;  Salcin;  Xaliant  (Stortr  [Putnam] 
l.S()7);  .Salem  Harbor  (Putnam  1S7:{  ami  (barman  1S<)2);  Woo(i.s 
IIoK-  (Smith  1898). 

Conn. —  (Garman  1S02). 

294.  I.ii'AHis   i.ii'AHis  (Liim^'). 

Seasnail;  Striped  seasnail. 

Garman.  Mem.  .M.  ( ".  /..  1S92,  vol.  14.  p.  57.  j)!.  7,  Hg.  15.  21-22. 

Jordan  &  Evermanii.  Bull.  47.  V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S9S,  pt.  2.  p.  110. 

(_'i/rl()pfrrii.'<  lifxiri.s  Linn^.  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  \7(M'k  vol.  1,  p.  414. 

"l.\  OCKAN'O  SKI>TE\TKIOX.\LI." 

Me.—  Near  Eastport  (Kendall  coll.  189.3). 

Ma.ss.  —  Salem  Harbor  (Putnam  1S7.5);  near  Salem;  Bakers 
Island  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);   Woo.ls  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

H.  I.— Watch  Hill  Reef  (Goode  1S79);  "Off  Block  Island"? 
(Garman  1892). 

Conn. —  Off  Connecticut  (Garman  1892). 

TRir.Lin.\E. 

295.  Prionotis  carounis  (Linn^). 

Sea  robin;  Greeneye. 

Jordan  &  pvermann.  Bull.  47,  l'.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 
21')(i;    19(M),  pt.  4,  pi.  ins,  fijr.  7()8. 

Trirjla  rantliiiu  Linn^',  Manti.ssa,  17(17,  p.  528.     "in  C.\rolinae 

MARI." 

Prionotuji  palmipe.iSton-T.  .Ston-r,  Mem.  Amer.  acad..  iS.'j.S,  vol. 
5.  p.  66,  pi.  5,  fijj.  1. 


128  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

TRIGLIDAE. 

Prionotus  pilatus  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1853,  vol. 
5,  p.  68,  pi.  6,  fig.  1. 

Me.— Casco  Bay;  off  INIonhegan  (Smith  &  Kendall  1898); 
Casco  Bay  (Bowdoin). 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1839  and  1844);  Massachusetts 
Bay  (Storer  1845);  Green  Island;  Phillips  Point,  Lynn  (Storer 
1842);  Salem  Harbor  (Wheatland  1852);  Vineyard  Somid;  Green 
Island;  Phillips  Point,  Lynn;  Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1845 
and  1853);  Tisbury  (Storer  1853);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872) ;  Salem 
(Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Annisquam  (B.  S.  N.  H.);  Cohasset  Nar- 
rows (Bean  1880);  North  Truro;  Monomoy;  IMenemsha  Bight 
(Kendall  coll.  1896);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and 
Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.—  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish.  comm.  1899). 

Conn.— Stratford;  Stonington  (Linsley  1844);  Noank  (Bean 
1880);  off  Bridgeport;  off  Stratford;  Middle  Ground;  Penfield 
Reef  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  off  Faulkners  Island;  off  Norwalk 
Light  House  (Kendall,  coll.  1892). 

296.     Prionotus  strigatus  (Cuvier). 
Redwinged  Sea  robin. 

Jordan   &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  2,  p. 

2167. 

Trigla  strigata  Cuvier,  Regne  anim.,  ed.  2,  1829,  vol.  2,  p.  161. 

"New  York." 

Prionotus  lineatus  DeKay.    Storer,  Mem.   Aiper.   acad.,    1853, 

vol.  5,  p.  64,  pi.  5,  fig.  4. 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1839);  Salem  Harbor  (Wheat- 
land 1852);  Vineyard  Sound  (Storer  1853);  Waquoit  (Lyman 
1872);  North  Truro;  Monomoy;  Menemsha  Bight  (Kendall 
coll.  1896);    Gloucester  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt,  coll.);  Woods  Hole 


PLSC'ES.  1 29 

TKLKUSTOMI.  ALA  M  I  h  »r  I  I  ;RI. 

t!{I(;i.ii)Al:. 

(Hainl    1S73;    Bran    ISSO  and   Smith   1N'.>S);    Marthas   Vineyard 
(Jordan    &  Evennaini  ISUS). 

R.  I.— Newport  (B^Mn  ISS!));  Narrafjansett  Bay  (K.  I.  fish 
coiTim.  ism>). 

(^)\\.  —  Stratford;  StoMin*;ion  ( I^insley  1S44);  Xoank  (Bean 
ISSO);  otF  Stratford;  off  Brid<]je|)ort ;  Mi<ldle  Ground  (Kendall 
coll.  1S9());  off  Faulkners  Island;  oH"  S.  W.  I^'dge;  off  Branford 
Beacon  (Kendall  coll.  1S9J). 

CKrilALACAXTIIIDAE. 

2*J7.     rF.PHAi.ArvNTHU.s  v<»iJTAN.s  (Llnne). 

Fljring  robin. 

Jordan  (Sc  lovennaim.  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  laiis.,  1S9S,  |)t.  2,  |i. 
21  S3;   1901).  |)i.  4.  1)1.  323.  finj.  7SS. 

Triffla   rilifanf  Linne.  Syst.  nat.,  ed.    10.    17.'>^.   vol.    1.  p.  302. 

■'iX    MvKI     Me[)ITKRR\\RO,    OcE.VXO,     PeI.AGO    INTElt    TROPICOS, 

IX  Asia,  imimu.mis  ad  Cap.  n.  .spei.  saepe  .vgit.\ta  evolan.s  ex 

.\QUA." 

DartiflnpfcruJf  voUtans  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  .\mer.  acad..  ISo^J, 
vol.  5.  p.  70,  pi.  0,  fig.  5. 

Me.—  (Holmes  1862). 

Mass.  -  Holmes  Hole  (Storer  lSo3);    Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S73 
and  Bean  ISSO);   Buzzards  Bay;   Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1S9S). 
H.  I. —  Xarragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 
Cow. —  IxHig  Island  Sound  (Linslcy  1844). 

(JOBIIDAK. 

298.     GoBiosoMA  BO.sci  (T.ac^p^de). 

Naked  goby. 

Jordan  &  Evcrmann,  Bull.  47,  I'.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S98,  |)t.  3,  p. 
2259. 


130  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

GOBIIDAE. 

Gobius  bosci  Lacepede,  Hist.  nut.  poissons,  1800,  vol.  2,  j).  555, 
pi.  16,  fig.  1.     "Charleston,  S.  C." 

Gobius  akpidotus  Bosc.  DeKay,  N.  Y.  fauna,  1S42,  pt.  4,  p. 
160,  pi.  23,  fig.  70. 

Mass.—  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith  1898). 
Conn. —  Bridgeport  (Linsley  1844). 

ECHENEIDIDAE. 

299.  EcHEXEis  NAUCRATES  Linne. 
Sharksucker. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  261.  "ix  pelago 
Indigo."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898, 
pt.  3,  p.  2269;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  329,  fig.  796. 

?  Echeneis  albicauda  Mitchill.  Storer,  ^lem.  Amer.  acad., 
1863,  vol.  8,  p.  404,  pi.  32,  fig.  3. 

Mass.— Boston  (Storer  1839);  Hyannis  (Storer  1842);  Colins 
Cove,  Salem  (Wheatland  1852);  Boston  Bay  (Storer  1839  and 
1863);  Holmes  Hole  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Storer  ^oll.);  Woods  Hole 
(Baird  1873  and  Smith  1898);  West  Falmouth  (Smith  1898); 
Nantucket  (Sharp   &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— Newport  (Bean  1880);  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish 
comm.  1899). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844). 

300.  Echeneis  naucrateoides  Zuiew. 

Pilotsucker. 

Zuiew,  Nova  acta  acad.  sci.  imp.  Petropol.,  1789,  vol.  4,  p.  279. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3, 

p.  2270. 

Mass. —  Hyannis  (Storer  1842);  Collins  Cove;  ISIouth  ^lerrimac 
River?  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and 
Smith   1898). 

R.  I.—  Dutch  Island  Harbor  (Tracy  1906). 


PISCES.  131 

Ti :lk( )st< )M  1 .  A(  A N  rn< )i 'ri : hi. 

ECHEXKIDIDAI.. 

.■{111.     Kkmouv  i<km(»i{a  (Liiiii^'). 

Remora. 

Jordan  &  Evcrinami.  null.  47,  U.  S.  iiat.  inus.,  1S9S,  j)t.  3,  p. 
2271. 

Eriuneh  rrmora  Liiin^',  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  10.  17.')S,  vol.  1,  p.  2i\0. 
"i\  1'p:l.\G(>  I.ndico." 

Mass.— Salem  Harbor  (Goodc  &  Bean  1S7'.I);  Woods  Hole 
(Haird  lS7;i  and  .Siiiiili  1S9S). 

.■)02.     Kkm()I{a  hi{A(  iivpteka  (I>owe). 
Swordfish  sucker. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nius..  ISOK,  pt.  .3.  j). 
2272;   liXK),  pt.  4,  pi.  SM,  H<,'.  707. 

Eclieiiris  hrwhifptrra  lyjwv,  Proc.  zool.  soc.  London.  IS'.VJ, 
p.  S9.     "Madeika." 

Eclieneis  lJ^-lamina1w<  Storcr.  Storer  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  18G3, 
vol.  S,  p.  40(),  1)1.  22.  fij;.  4. 

Ma.ss.— Holnu's  Hole  (Storer  1839);  Wellfleet  (Storer  ISfiS); 
Ma-s-sachasetts  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1S79);  Woods  Hole  (Baird 
1S73  and  Smith  1S9S). 

3')3.     RiiuMHociiiuu.s  usTKocHiit  (Cuvier). 

Spearfish  sucker. 

Jordan  &  Evermann.  Bull.  17,  V.  .S.  nat.  mus.,  1S9S.  pt.  3.  |). 
2273;    1!  100.  pi.  t.  pi.  330.  fi}?.  79S. 

Echenris  ostrorhir  Cuv.,  Kepne  anim.,  ed.  2,  1829,  vol.  2,  p.  348. 

Ma.ss.  -  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1S73  and  Smith  1S9S). 
K.  I. —  Narrajransett  Bay  (H.  I.  fish  eomm.  1899). 


132  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACAXTH(M'TERI. 

BATRACHOIDIDAi:. 

304.  Opsaxus  t.vu  (Linne). 

Toadfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S9S,  pt.  3,  p. 
2315. 

Gadus  tail  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1 ,  pt.  1 ,  p.  440.     "in 

CAROLINA." 

Bairachus  iau  Linne.  Storer,  ^lem.  Amer.  acad.  1855,  vol.  5,  p. 
271,  pi.  19,  %.  1-2. 

Me.— Kittery  [?]  (Holmes  1862). 

Mass. —  Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1839);  Tisbury  (Storer  1855); 
Cohasset  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Bryant  coll.) ;  Ix)n^  Point  Creek  (B.  S.  N.  H., 
1S74);  ^lassachusetts  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  INIenemsha 
Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1896);'  \Yoods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880 
and  Smith  1898). 

R.  L—  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1998). 

Conn.— Noank  (Bean  1880). 

PHOLIDIDAE. 

305.  Pholis  gunnellus  (Linne). 
Butterfish;  Rockeel. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2419;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  342,  fig.  832. 

Bhnnius  gunnellus  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  257. 
"in  Oceano  Atlaxtico." 

Gunnellus  mucronatus  Cuv.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1855, 
vol.  5,  p.  260,  pi.  17,  fig.  2. 

Gunnellus  macrocephalus  Girard.  Storer,  ^lem.  amer.  acad., 
1855,  vol.  5,  p.  261,  pi.  17,  fig.  3. 

Me. —  Along  the  whole  coast.     Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872; 


PISCES.  1  :i3 

TKI.KC )S'n  )MI .  \<   \ NTIIOITKRI. 

I'lli  •l.lhlhAI.. 

Htan  INSO;  Kciulall  roll.  ISO-'i);  Matiuicus  Island  (IJ.  S.  N.  11.. 
Anilmsa  cell.  l.SSO);  (Vsco  Bay  (U.S.  iiat.  mus.  1S73;  Ijce  ISHo; 
Kemlall  ((ill.  IS«>2);  Xcw  Meadows  Kivcr  (Howdoiii  college  1S90). 

M.\.s.s.— Chelsea  Beach  (II.  K  .^lon-r  LSfjO);  Holmes  Hole; 
Provincetowii ;  N'ahaiit  (Ston-r  IS.io);  N'aiifjiis  Head  ((xoode  & 
Bean  1S79);  Ipswich  Bay  (B.  .^.  X.  H..  llyait.  \'aii  Xl-rk  &: 
(Jardiiier  coll.);  New  Bedford  ^Beaii  ISSO);  Woods  Iloh-  (Baird 
IST.S;   Bean  l.SSO  and  Smith  1S'.>S);   \ineyard  Sound  (Smith  1S9S). 

K.  1.  -Narrajiansett  Bay  (it.  I.  fish  comm.  ISUU  and  Tracy  1"M)(>). 

CoN'.v. —  Bridi^eport;   Stoninjjton  (I.,in.slcy  1844). 

STI(H.\i:iI)Ai:. 
:U)tl.     Lki'toci.injs    M\(ii,.\rrs    (Kries). 

Langbarn. 

.Jordan    \-   Kvcnn.inii.  Bull.    17.  l'.  S.  nat.  mn^.,   1S9S,  pi.  'A,  p. 

■J4;i3. 

Clinii.s  mnculaius  Fries.  Konjjl.  svenska  vetensk  akad.  Xya 
handl.,  is:is  (is:i7).  J),    v.).     "B\iii-.si..\\,  SwF.DFA'." 

Mass.    -  Ma>sailmsetts  Bay  (G(»odc   &  Bean  1879). 
:J07.      LlMI'KN'f.S    LWII'KTUVKIOKMIS    (Walbaiuu). 

Snake  blenny. 

Jordan  &  Kvermann,  Bull.  17.  l'.  S.  nat.  nni-..  IS'.tS.  pt.  :{,  p. 
iM.iS;    19(K).  |)t.  4.  pi.  344,  fiji.  S4(). 

lilnniiu.i  hnuprviar-jorniiK;  lavij.rrlarfnniii.s;  Idiiipirliftuiin.'',  \\  al- 
hanin.  .\rtedi  I'isc..  1792.  pp.  1S4.  7(M)  and  7(»J.     "I(KI..\m>." 

lihnuiiiK  .srr/Miitiiiii.s  Slorer.  Storer  Mem.  .\mer.  acad..  ISoo, 
vol.  .").  |).  2')7.  pi.   17,  fiff.   1. 

Mk.       Kasiporl  (V.  S.  nat.  mus.  1S72). 


134  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  "  ACANTHOPTERl. 

STICHAEIDAE. 

Mass. —  Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1848,  1855;  JGoode  & 
Bean  1879). 

308.  TJlv.\ria  subbifurcata  (Storer). 
Radiated  shanny. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1896,  pt.  3,  p. 
2440;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  345,  fig.  842. 

Pholis  subbifurratus  Storer,  Kept.  1839,  p.  63.  "Xaiiaxt." 
Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1855,  vol.  5,  p.  258. 

Me. —  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1873);  off  Matinicus  (Nor- 
ton coll.  1906). 

Mass.— Nahant  (Storer  1839  and  1855). 

CRYPTACANTHODIDAE. 

309.  Cryptacanthodes    maculatus    Storer. 

Wrymouth;  Congereel. 

Storer,  Kept.,  1839,  p.  28.  "Boston  Harbor  *  *  *  Xahaxt." 
Mem.  Amer.  acad.  1853,  vol.  5,  p.  82,  pi.  8,  fig.  6.  Jordan  &  Ever- 
mann, Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p.  2443;  1900,  pt.  4, 
pi.  345,  fig.  843. 

Me.— Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1853;  Kendall  1893);  Port- 
land (Goode  1879);  Casco  Bay  (Lee  1885;  Kendall  coll.  1893); 
Middle  Bay  (Bowdoin  College). 

N.  H.— (Peck  1804). 

Mass. —  Boston  Harbor;  Nahant  (Storer  1839);  Commercial 
Point  (Storer  1842f);  Provincetown ;  Dorchester:  ^Massachusetts 
Bay  (Storer  1853);  :Marblehead;  Swampscot  (Goode  &  Bean 
1879);   Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Provincetoun  (Goode  1879). 

CoxN. —  Bridgeport   (Linsley   1844). 


PISCES.  135 

Ti:i.K(  )ST(  )MI.  A(  "AXTIIOFrElU. 

AXAHHlCIlADIDAi:. 

310.     An  vKiiK  II  \s  MiNOK  ( )lafscn. 

Spotted  wolffish. 

Olafscn.  Itcise  i  Island.  1772.  p.  ')02.  "Island."  Jordan  & 
Everinaiiii.  Hull.  \7.  V .  >^.  nat.  tims..  ls<.»s.  pt.  .'i.  |).  2  I IG. 

Me.—  Ka,st|)ort  (Goodo   &  Bran  lS<>(i). 

Ma.ss. —  ( )ir  mouth  (lloiKv.stiT  Ilarhor  (Goode  &  Bean  ISOG). 

;^11.     A\\Kiii(iiAs   i,ii>is   Liniu''. 
Wolffish;  Catfish. 

I.innr,  Sv.st.  iiat.,  »•<!.  H).  17.")S,  vol.  1,  p.  247.  "in  Ockano 
.sKPTKNTHioNA!.!  .\n(;i.!ak,  \<  ."  .Ionian  &  Evcnnaini.  Bull.  47, 
r.  S.  nat.  inus..  Is'.IS.  j)t.  3.  p.  244(i;  lltOO.  |)t.  4,  |)1.  ;i4S.  Hg.  S4(). 
(ioodf  ^-  Bran.  Oceanic  iclitli..  ISiXI.  p.  2U!I.  pi.  77.  fij?.  2(i',). 

Anarrhicns  rowrr/H jw  Aga.s.siz.  Storcr.  .Mcin.  .Vincr.  acad.,  1S55> 
vol.  .5.  p.  2(;o.  pi.  IS.  fig.  1. 

Me.— Ka-stport  (Vcrrill  1S71;  Kendall  coll.  lS<):i);  ('a.sco  Bay 
I^e  lS8o;    Kendall  coll.). 

Ma.s.s. —  Cu.sk  Kock.s  (Storer  ISiV.)  and  lS.5o);  .Vnni.scpiani 
(B.  .^.  N.  II.,  .Vrcthu.sa  coll.);  ofV  Gloucester  (Bean  ISSO);  North 
Truro  (Kendall  coll.  ISUC));  Woods  Hole;  \'ineyard  Sound  (Smith 
IS'tS). 

K.  I. —  ('ox^\saiIls  l/«'dj;e  (Giindr  is7'.li:  .Varrajxaiisctt  Hay  (K.  1. 
fishcomtn.  lSi)i>). 

ZOARCIDAE. 

312.      ZOAUCE-S    AN'OUILLARIS    (Pcck). 

Eelpout;  Conger  eel;  Lamper-eel;  Ling. 

."^lorcr.  Mciii.  .\iner.  acad.,  is.V),  vol.  ."»,  p.  2().3,  pi.  17,  fifj.  4. 
■Ionian  &  Kvennann,  Bull.  47,  l'.  S.  nat.  nnis.,  IS'.tS,  pt.  3,  p. 
24.')7;    llt(K).  pt.  4.  pi.  .Ms.  Hj;.  S.V). 

lUiiinnin  (ini/uil/(in'.<t  Peck.  Mem.  .\incr.  acad.,  lSU4,  vol.  2, 
p.  4('.   fij;.     "New  IIa.mi'.siiike." 


136  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEUSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTEKI. 

ZOARCIDAE. 

Me. —  Eastern  River  (Williamson  1832);  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat. 
mus.  1872;  Bean  1880;  Kendall  coll.  1893).  Bucksport  (U.  S. 
nat.  mus.  1878);  Portland  (Bean  1880);  Casco  Bay  (Lee  1885; 
Kendall  coll.  1896;    1903  and  1904). 

N.  H.—  (Peck  1804). 

INIass. —  ^Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1836) ;  Provincetown 
(Storer  1855);  North  Truro  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Davidson  coll.) ;  oft"  Cape 
Ann,  and  Annisquam  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt,  Van  Vleck  &  Gardiner 
coll.);  Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  Nantucket  Shoals  (Goode  1879); 
Gayhead;    Cuttyhunk  (Smith  1S98). 

R.  I. —  Block  Island;  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  Fish  Comm. 
1899). 

Conk. —  Middleground  (Linsley  1844). 

313.  Lycodes  reticulatus  Reinhardt. 

Relnhardt,  Kong.  Dansk.  vid.  selsk.  Afh.,  1838,  vol.  7,  p.  167. 
"Greenland."  Goode  &  Bean,  Oceanic  ichth.,  1896,  p.  305, 
pi.  78,  fig.  273;  pi.  81,  fig.  281.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1S98,  pt.  3,  p.  2465;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  349,  fig.  854. 

Mass.— Vineyard  Sound  (Goode   &  Bean  1896;   Smith  1898). 
R.  I.— Narragansett  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1896;   Smith  1898). 

314.  Lycodes  verrillii  Goode  &  Bean. 

Goode  &  Bean,  Amer.  journ.  sci.,  1877,  vol.  14,  p.  474.    "thirty 

MILES   SOUTH   OF   CaPE   NeGRO,    N.    S.    AND   TWENTY-SEVEN  MILES 
SOUTH  OF  ChEBUCTO  HeAD,  HaLH  AX." 

Lycenchelys  verrillii  Goode  &  Bean,  Oceanic  ichth.,  1896,  p. 
309,  pi.  79,  fig.  277.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1898,  pt.  3,  p.  2470;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  351,  fig.  859. 

:\I^ss.—  "  Deep  water  of  the  bay"  (Goode    &  Bean  1879);    off 
Cape  Cod;  off  Thatchers  Island  (Goode  &  Bean  1896). 
R.  I.—  Ne'vport  [  ?]  (B.  S.  N.  H.). 


piscp:s.  1 37 

TELKOSTOMI  ACANI'HolTl.in. 

Ml.KLLLVlI'M 

31').       MKRLUCCirS  HII.INKAHIS  (M  itcllill). 

Silver  Hake;  New  England  Hake;  Whiting. 

(mkhK*    ^:   lifjin.  ( )(faiiic  iclitli.,   ItjyO,  p.  .iS.J,  pi.  U.j,  t\^.  .'iiiU. 

Jonlaii  &  Kvcrmami,  Hull.  47,  l".  S.  nat.  mils.,  1S<»S,  p(.  :i,  |).  2530. 

Stoiiioihm  biliiiriiris  Mitchill.  Ui'pt.  Hsli.  X.  Y.,  1S14.  p.  7.   *'N'i:\v 

VoHK."' 

Mirluniu.s  alhUlu.s  Dt-Kay.  .Ston-r,  Mem.  Aiiicr.  acad.,  I SoS, 
vol.  6,  p.  303.  pi.  2S,  ficr.  2. 

Me. —  Alonpr  whole  coa.st;  Ea.stport  (Beau  1SS();  Knidall  <<»11. 
1S93);  Portland  (Bi-aii  ISSO);  Csi-sco  Bay  (Krudall  coll.  ISDO); 
Penobscot  River  anil  Bay  (Everiuann  1903). 

M.\ss. —  Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1S39);  Crab  Ledge;  Proviiue- 
town  (Storer  1859);  Boston  Bay  (B.  .^.  N.  11..  Cutting  roll.); 
.\niiis(|uani  (B.  S.N.  H.);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  Woods  Hole 
(Bain!  1873);  New  Bedford;  Xomans  Land;  (iloucester  (Bean 
ISSO);  off  Cape  Ann  (Goode  &  Bean  1S9G);  North  Tniro;  Mon- 
omoy;  Menemsha  Bight  (Kendall  coll.  189(>);  Buzzards  Bay  (Smith 
IS9S);  Nantucket  (Sharj)    &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L— Narragansett  Bay  ((ioodc  &  Bean  lS9<i:  li.  1.  lish 
comm.    1S99). 

CoxN. —  Stonington  (Linsley  1S44);  off  Stratford  (Kendall 
coll.  1890);  off  Paulkners  Island;  off'  Branford  Beacon  (Kendall 
coll.   1892). 

GADIDAE. 

310.     Poi.i.Aiiiii  s  viHKNs  (Liim^). 

Pollock. 

.Ionian  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47.  l'.  .'^.  nat.  mus..  1S9S,  pt.  .'i,  p. 
2534;    19(K).  pt.  4.  pi.  359,  fig.  886. 

(iadii.t  virens  Linn^',  Syst.  nat..  ed.  K).  175S.  vol.  I.  p.  25.!.     "in 

OCK.WO   ElROP.\K<>." 


138  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

GADIDAE. 

Merlangus  purpureus  Storer.  Storcr,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  358,  pi.  28,  fig.  3. 

Me. —  Along  the  whole  coa.st.  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872; 
Vcrrill  1871;  Bean  1880;  Kendall  coll.  1893);  off  Moosabec 
Light;  Isle  au  Haute,  Matinic,  Matinicus,  Monhegan  and  Seguin 
islands;  Cape  Porpoise  (Collins  &  Rathbun  1887);  Sheepscot 
River  (Bowdoin  college);  Casco  Bay  (Lee  1885;  Kendall  coll. 
1892;  1896;  1900-1904);  Searsport;  Stockton  Springs;  Brook- 
ville  (Everraann  1903). 

Mass. —  Common  along  whole  coast;  Jeffries  Ledge  (Storer 
1839  and  1859);  Provincetown  (Atwood  1867);  Salem  Harbor 
(B.  S.  N.  H.,  Brovni  coll.);  Annisquam  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Hyatt  & 
Van  Vleck  coll.);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873  and  Bean  1880); 
Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  North  Truro;  Monomoy;  Menemsha 
Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898);  Nan- 
tucket (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  L —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  L  fish  comm.  1899);  Dutch  Island 
Harbor  and  from  Brentons  Reef  to  Sakonnet  (Tracy  1906). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound;   Stratford  (Linsley  1844). 

317.     !MiCROGADUS  TOMCOD  (Walbaum). 
Tomcod;  Frostfish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2540. 

Gadus  tomcod  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  133.  "New 
York." 

Morrhua  pruinosa  DeKay.  Storer,  ^Nlem.  Amer.  acad.  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  357,  pi.  27,  fig.  5. 

Me. —  Common  along  whole  coast.  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus. 
1872;  Bean  1880;  Kendall  coll.  1893);  :\Iachias,  Chandlers, 
Wescongus,  Tunk,  Penobscot,  Kennebec  and  Piscataqua  rivers; 
Casco  Bay  and  tributaries  (Atkins  1887);    Casco  Bay  (Lee  1885; 


PISCES.  1  ;^o 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACAX'Iimn  |.1;|. 

(JADIDAK. 

H<;iii  issd;  Kcii.lall  coll.  I'.ML');  I'ciioh.scol  Ki\<-i-  cV  Hay  (Kv.-r- 
iiiaim    I'.KKi). 

X.  II.  —  l*iscata(|Uii  Hivcr  (.\tkiiis   ISSO). 

M.\ss. —  lio.stoii;  Watcrtowii  (Sionr  ISI^O  and  lS')i));  Mu.s.sachu- 
.sotl.s  liay  (1?.  S.  N.  II..  ."^imcr  cdII.,  Davidson  coll.);  Woods 
Hole  (Haird  1S73;    IJran  ISSO  and  Smith  1S<)S). 

K.  I.  -  Xarrapm.si'tt  Bay  (H.  I.  fi.sh  coniin.  1S9(>)- 

( "o.\.\. — ^  Streams  flowinj;  into  Long  Island  Sound  (Linsley 
1S44);    Xoank  (Bean   ISSO). 

318.     CiADi  .s  cALi.AHiA.s  Linni'. 
Cod. 

Linnc,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  10.  17.")S,  vol.  I.  p.  '2')'2.  "is  (  )('KAN0 
Kruoi'AEo  &  Baltiiico."  .Jordan  &  Evrrmann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S. 
nat.  mus..  1S9S,  pt.  3.  p.  2.541;    I'.KK).  \n.  4.  |)1.  3(il.  fijr.  s<»|. 

Morrliiia  anirricano  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  Anier.  acad.,  1S5S, 
vol.  ti,  p.  ;}|3,  pi.  27,  fill.   I. 

Me. —  Tommon  along  whole  coast.  Eastport  (\'errill  ls71; 
r.  .S.  ii;it.  iiujs.  1S72;  Kendall  coll.  1S93);  grounds  otl"  Moosabcc 
Light;  I'etii  Manan;  Mount  Desert;  Isle  au  Haute;  Matinicus; 
Maiinii'  and  Monhegan  islands;  north;  northeast;  south  and 
.s()uthea.st  of  Moidiegan;  hetween  Monhegan  and  Pematiuiil;  otV 
Seguin;  ofV  Ca.sco  Bay;  ofl'  ('a|)e  Porpoi.se  (Collins  &  Hathhun 
ISS7);  Portland  (CJoode  1S79);  Ca.sco  Bay  (V.  S.  nat.  mus.  1S73; 
\ah'  1SS.5;  Kendall  coll.);  Penoh.scot  Hiv<'r  and  Bay  (Kvcrnumn 
1'.K».3). 

X.  II.  -  Off  Portsmouth;  Pi.scata<|ua  Kiver  (Collins  ^-  Balhhim 
1S.S7). 

Mas.s. —  .\Iong  whole  c()a.st  (Storer  1S.39);  Provincetown  (Storer 
is.V.I;  .\twood  ISC).")  and  Bean  ISSO);  Wacpioit  (Lynum  1S72); 
W...)d>    Hole   (Baird  1S7.3);     Ij>swicli  Bay  (B.  S.  X.  II.,  Davidson 


140  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACAXTHOPTERI. 

GADIDAE. 

coll.);  Salem  Harbor  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Brown  coll.) ;  Cape  Ann  (Goode 
&  Bean  1879);  Nomans  Land;  Woods  Hole;  Gloucester  (Bean 
1880);  Ipswich  Bay;  off  Cape  Ann,  [Middle  Bank;  Pollack  Rip; 
Nantucket  Shoals  (Collins  &  Rathbun  18S7);  North  Truro; 
Monomoy  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898); 
Nantucket  (Sharp   &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— NarrcJgansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899);  off  Block 
Island  (Collins  &  Rathbun  1887). 

Conn. —  Stonington  (Linsley  1844). 

319.     Meianogrammus   aeglifinus    (Linne). 

Haddock;  Whiteeye. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2542;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  361,  fig.  892. 

Gadus  aeglifinus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  251. 

"iX   OCEANO   EUROPAEO." 

Morrhua  aeglifinus  Linne.  Storer,  ]Mem.  Amer.  acad.  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  355,  pi.  28,  fig.   1. 

Me. —  Along  whole  coast.  Eastport  (Verrill  1871 ;  U.  S.  nat. 
mus.  1872;  Kendall  coll.  1893);  Grounds  oft"  Petit  ^Nlanan;  [Mount 
Desert;  Isle  au  Haute;  Matinicus;  Matinic,  Monhegan  and  Seguin 
islands;  off  Casco  Bay  and  Cape  Porpoise  (Collins  &  Rathbun 
1887);  Portland  (Goode  1879);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1873; 
Lee  1885;  Kendall  coll.). 

Mass. —  Cape  Cod;  Massachusetts  Bay  (Storer  1839  and 
1859);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  off  Cape  Ann;  off  Chatham, 
(Colhns  &  Rathbun  1887);  off  Gay  Head  and  [Marthas  Vineyard 
(Smith  1898);    Nantucket  (Sharp    &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899);  off  Block 
Island   (Collins    &   Rathbun    1887). 

Conn. —  Stonington    (Linsley    1844). 


PISCES.  141 

TKLKOSTOMI.  \«  WTH.  .I'l  IIU. 

('.AIM  DAK. 

'.i'20.     I-oTv   \U(ri.(tsA   1 1.4' Siu'ur). 

Barbot;  Freshwater  cusk;  Lawyer;  Ling. 

Jordan  &  K\Trin:mii.  Hull.  17.  I  .  .'^.  iiai.  mus..  ls<.»s.  pt.  ;5.  p. 
2.').'jO;    HUM).  |)t.    I.  |)1.  MA,  fip.  S«)7. 

dailiis  marulfK'iii.t  Ix- Sueur.  Jouru.  acad.  iiat.  sci.  Phil..  lsl7, 
vol.   1.  p.  s.{.     "Lakk  Ekik." 

Lnta  comprcssa  Ix?  Sueur.  .Storer.  Mem.  Ainer.  acad.  ISoS, 
vol.  r.,  p.  mo,  pi.  2S,  fijT.  4. 

Mk.  —  Moo.si'lu'ad  LakciB.  S.  X.  II..  Davidson  coll.);  Schago 
Lake  (Mitehill  181S;  Bowdoin  eollepe;  Kendall  coll.  1003);  Still- 
water River  (Merrill  coll.);  Eajrle  and  St.  Franci.s  lakes  (Perley 
lSo2;  Kendall  coll.  1001  and  1003);  Matafianion.  and  Alla^a.sii 
River  lakes;   Ilurd  Pond  &  Deb.sconcaf:  Lake  (Kendall  coll.  1001). 

X.  H. —  .\.sluielot  River  (Storer  1.S30);  Lake  Winnipi.s.seofjee 
(StoHT  1S41  ?;  1842;  Pre.scot  1S.51);  Squam  Lake;  Winnij)e.saukee 
Lake  (X.  II.  fish  comni.  1S77);  Indian  .Stream  &  Connecticut 
Lakes   (Kendall    &   Gold.shorou^h  coll.    1004). 

Vt.— Lake  Chainplain  (Thomp.son  1S42);    (Storer  1842). 

Ma.h.s. —  Connecticut  River  at  Xorthaniptun  (TyeSueur    1818). 

Conn. —  Canaan   (Lin.slev    1844). 

321.     ruDPUvcis   ur.ons    fWalhauni). 
Spotted  hake. 

Jordan  &  Everinann.  Hull.  17,  L'.  S.  iiat.  inu.s.,  1898,  |)t.  3.  p. 
2.5.5.3;    1000.  pt.  4,  pi.  .304.  fifj.  SOS. 

Blrnniii.t  rrfjlu.s:  Walhauni,    .\rtedi   Pise.  1702.  p.   ISO.     "Xnw 

OKK. 

Mk.-  Oir  S.^'uin  Island  (H.  S.  X.  11..  An-thusa  coll.). 

M.vss.  -  Woods   Hole   (.Smith   1898). 

Cow.— Ix)ng  Island  .Sound  (Linsley  1S44);  oil"  Stratford; 
Middle  Ground  (Kendall  coll.  1800);  otF  Kaulkners  Islan.i  (Ken- 
dall coll.   1892). 


142  FAUNA  OF  XEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

GADIDAE. 

322.     Urophycis  tenuis  (Mitchill). 
Hake;  White  hake. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2555;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  365,  fig.  901. 

Gadus  tenuis  :Mitchill,  Kept.  fish.  X.  Y.,  1814,  p.  4.  "New 
York." 

Pht/cis  aviericanus  Storer.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  365,  pi.  29,  fig.  3. 

Me. —  JNIuddy  bottoms  along  the  whole  coast.  Eastport  (Verrill 
1871);  U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872;  Bean  1880;  Kendall  coll.  1893); 
Portland  (Bean  1880);  Grounds  off  ]^Ioosabec  Light,  Petit  Manan; 
Isle  au  Haute;  Matinicus  and  Matinic  Islands;  southeast  of 
Monhegan;  between  Monhegan  and  Pemaquid;  off  Seguin  (Col- 
lins &  Rathbun  1887);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1873);  Lee 
1885;    Kendall  coll.  1896;    1900  and  1903). 

Mass. —  Between  Cape  Ann  and  Boston  Light  House  (Storer 
1839  and  1859);  Massachusetts  Bay  (B.  S.  N.  H.',  Storer  coll.); 
Annisquam  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt  &  Van  Vleck  coll.);  Provincetown 
(Atwood  1867  and  Bean  1880);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872);  North 
Truro;  Monomoy;  Menemsha  Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Woods 
Hole  (Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I.— Watch  Hill  (B.  S.  X.  H.,  Hyatt  &  Rathbun  coll.); 
Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899);  off  Watch  Hill  (Tracy 
1906). 

Conn.— Off  Stratford;    :SIiddle  Ground  (Kendall  coll.   1890). 

323.     Urophycis  chesteri    (Goode    &   Bean). 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2556;    1900,  pt.  4,  p.  366,  fig.  903. 

Phycis  chesteri  Goode  &  Bean,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1878,  vol. 
1,  p.  2.56.     "Off  Cape  Ann  in  140  fathoms." 

^Iass. —  Massachusetts  Bay   (Goode    &  Bean   1879). 


PISCES.  143 

TELKO.STO.Mi.  \<    \  M  1 1<  "l"  11  i;  I. 

CADIDAi: 

321.      rKol'ilvcis    ciiis.s    (\V;ill>;iim»). 

Squirrel  hake. 

Jordan  ^:  Evfriiiaiiii.  Hull.  17,  V.  S.  uat.  iiiiis..  IS<.)S,  pt.  ."},  j). 
2.").").');    I'.HM).  |)t.    \,  |)l.  2C..").   fit;.  902. 

Blcnniiis  rliKs-.s   Walljamn,  Arti-di    Pise.   1792.  p.   1^0.     "Xew 

OHK. 

P/ii/ci.s  /Havu'ttUisu.s  .StoriT,  Mtiu.  .Viiut.  acad.,  ISoS,  vol.  (i,  p. 
3()7.  pi.  29.  fi?.  4. 

Me. —  Coinnioii  aloiijr  whole  coast.  Eastport  (Kt'iidall  roll. 
IS'.CJ;    ("ascD   Hay   (Kendall   eoll.    ISOO;     1S9S;     I'.IOO;     19()2j. 

Mas.s.— Mas-sachusetts  Hay  (Storer  1S.59;  H.S.N.  II.);  Prov- 
incetown  (Atwood  1SG7);  Hoston  ((ioode  1S79);  Gloucester  (Hean 
ISSO);  North  Truro;  Menenisha  Bifrht  (Kendall  eoll.  1.S9G);  Woods 
Hole  (Haird  1S73  and  Smith  1S9S). 

K.  I.— Rhode  Island  (Uafiuesque  ISIS) ;  Point  Judith  (Milehill 
1S18);    Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1S99). 

Conn. —  Stonington  (Linsley  1S44);  oft"  Bridgeport;  off  Strat- 
ford Slioal  Point;  Middl.-  (Jround  (Kendall  eoll.  1S90);  off  Kaulk- 
ners  Island;  oil'  Hrant'ord  Beacon;  oil'  Norwalk  Light  House 
(Kendall  coll.   1S92). 

32o.      CiAlDIfoi'SAUfs  AlKJF.XTATCs  ( Reiidianlt). 

Jordan  &  Kverniaiui.  Hull.  47.  I  .  .S.  nat.  inus.,  1S9S,  j)t.  3,  p. 
2.V)9;    IlKK).  pt.  4.  |)l.  3(57,  fig.  9()(;. 

Mntr/ht  (irffcnfata  Reinhardi,  Kong.  Hansk.  vid.  .selsk.  .\i'h., 
1S3S,  vol.  7,  |).  I2S.     "(Jkke.m-a.M)." 

Mas.s.  Nahant  ((Jill  l.Stl3j;  Beverly  Beach;  Wests  Beach 
(.Storer  [Putnam]  1S07);    \'ineyard  Sound  (Goode  1S79). 


144  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

GADIDAE. 

326.  Enchelyopus  cimbrius  (Linne). 
Four  bearded  rockling. 

Jordan  &  Everraann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2560;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  367,  fig.  907. 

Gadus  cimbrius  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  440. 
"in  O.  Atlantic©;  Scanico." 

Motella  caudacuta  Storer.  Storer,  ]Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  361,  pi.  29,  fig.  1. 

Me. —  Off  Pemaquid  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Aretliusa  coll.);  Jonesport 
(Kendall  coll.  1893). 

Mass.— Provincetown  (Storer  1848,  1859  and  Bean  1880); 
Nahant  Beach  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Cooke  coll.);  Massachusetts  Bay 
(Storer  1859);  Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898; 
Sherwood  &  Edwards  1901). 

327.  Brosmius  brosme  (Miiller). 
Cusk. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2561. 

Gadus  brosme  Miiller,  Zool.  Danicae  Prodr.,  1776,  p.  41.  "Den- 
mark." 

Brosmius  flavescens  LeSueur.  Storer,  ^Nlem.  Amer.  acad.,  1858, 
vol.  6,  p.  368,  pi.  29,  fig.  2. 

Me. —  Rock  bottoms  along  the  whole  coast.  Oft'  Wells  Bay  and 
Cape  Porpoise  (Atwood  1867);  Eastport  (Kendall  coll.  1893); 
grounds  off  Matinicus  and  Monhegan  islands,  and  off  Cape  Por- 
poise (Collins  &  Rathbun  1887);  Casco  Bay  (Lee  1885;  Kendall 
coll.   1893). 

N.  H.— (Linsley   1844). 

Mass.— Middle  Bank  (Storer  1839  and  1859);   Massachusetts 


• 


riscKs.  145 

TELKOSTOMI.  .\( ' AM  IK  »n  1  III. 

CADI  DAE. 

Hiiy  (H.  S.  N.  II..  Ston  r  ((ill.i;    iirar  Ci\\n-  (Kd   ^Alu 1   IStiTj; 

Woods  I  loll"  (Smith  1S*)S). 

H.  I. —  Xarragansett  Bay  (\\.  I.  I'i^li  Coimii.  1S90)  oft"  Newport 
(Trnoy  WOO). 

MACHOTinOAE. 

'S'2S.      MaCUOURI'S  BAIRDII   (Joodc    «^-    Beau. 

Rattail. 

Goode  &  Bran,  Ainer.  jourii.  sci.,  1S77,  vol.  14,  p.  471.  "Mas.s- 
AcmsKTTs  Bay."  Oceanic  iditli.,  isyo,  p.  393,  pi.  90,  fifj.  335. 
Jordan  i^-  Kxcrinaini,  Bull.  47,  T".  S.  nat.  niiis.,  IS'.IS,  j)t.  .3,  j).  2.jS3. 

Ml-:.  -Kastport  (Kendall  n.ll.  1S!»3). 

Mass.  Massachnsetts  Bay  ((roode  &  Bean  1 S77:  1X79;  1S9G); 
(Jloucesier  [?]  (Bean  ISSO);  \'incyard  Sonnd  ((ioode  c'v:  liean 
1S9G). 

PLEUROXECTIDAE. 

329.     IIiiM»OGLOSSls  iiii'i'oGLossfs  ( I.,inne). 

HaUbut. 

.Ionian  &  Kvennann,  Bnll.  17.  I  .  S.  nal.  nms.,  1S9S,  pt.  3,  j). 
2(ill;    19()().  pt.  4.  pi.  271,  H^.  9 IS. 

Plruronrrti-.t  hijijnxjlossu.s  Linn^',  Sv.st.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17.")S,  vol.  ], 

p.   2(i9.       "IX  OCEAXO  EUIIOPAEO." 

II ippoqiossiis  vulr]ari'<  C\\y.  Storer,  Meni.  .\nier.  acad.,  IS.'iS, 
vol.  (1,  p.  370,  |)I.  .30,  fi^'.  1. 

Me. —  Formerly  ahimdant,  now  .scarce.  Ea.sf|)ort  (V .  .S.  nat. 
mns.  1.S72);  New  Ledge  (Storer  1  X.V.I);  oil"  the  coa.st  (Kendall 
coll.    1S9.')). 

Mas.s.  Nantucket  .Shoal.s;  .Massachnsetts  Bay  (."storer  is.V.M; 
Wood.s  Hole  (Baird  1873);    Halfway  Rock,  Salem  Ilarhor;    (Jloii- 


146 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


TELEOSTOMI. 


ACANTHOPTERI. 


PLEURONECTIDAE. 


cester  Harbor  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Vineyard  Sound  (Smith 
1898);    Nantucket  (Sharp   &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.— Block  Island  (Sherwood  &  Edwards  190!);  oflWatcli 
Hill  and  off  Block  Island  (Tracy  1906). 

CoNN.^  Stoningtou  (Linsley  1844). 

330.  HippoGLOSSOiDES   PLATESSOiDES    (Fabricius). 

Sand-dab. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2G14;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  372,  fig.  919. 

Pleuronectes  platessoides  Fabr.,  Fauna  Groenlandica,  1780, 
p.  164.     "Greenland." 

Platessa  dcntata  Storer.  Storer,  Alem.  Amer.  acad.,  1863,  vol. 
8,  p.  391,  pi.  30,  fig.  3. 

Mass. —  Provincetown  (Storer  1863);  Ipswich  Bay,  and  off 
Cape  Ann  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt,  Van  Vleck  &  Gardiner  coll.  1879); 
Massachusetts  Bay  (Goode  &  Bean  1879  and  Bean  1880); 
Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  Woods  Hole  (Smhh  1898). 

R.  I.— (Bean  1880  and  Tracy  1906). 

331.  Paralichthys  dentatus  (Linne). 
Siinm2r  floander;  Flounder;  Tarbot;  Plaice. 

Jordan  «Sc  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
2629;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  372,  fig.  922. 

Pleuronectes  dentatus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p. 
458.     "in  Carolina."      . 

Platessa  ohlonga  DeKay.  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1863,  vol. 
8,  p.  395,  pi.  31,  fig.  2. 

Me.—  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1872). 

Mass. — -Provincetown;     Wellfleet     (Storer     1863);     Chatham 


I'lsfKS.  147 

TKLK(  )ST(  )MI.  ACANTHOITKKI. 

PLi:rH().Ni:(Tii)AH. 

(H.S.N.  II..  1  );i\i(l.s(»n  coll.);  Xortirrniro;  Moiioinoy;  Meiic'inslia 

Hijrlit  (Kfiidall  toll.  1S9G);  Wiuiuoit  (Lyman  1872);  Woods  Hole 
(Bainl  lS7:i;  lioan  IS.SO  and  Sniilli  1S9S);  Xantnckct  (Sliarj)  & 
Fowk-r  \\H)\). 

H.  I.—  Xarra^Mii.si-tt  Bay  (R.  1.  Hsli  c-on'iin.  1S91)). 

Conn-.— Stratford  (Linsloy  1S44);  Noank  (Bean  ISSO);  off 
Stratford  Point;    Middle  Ground  (Kendall  roll.  1S90). 

XV2.     Par.\lichthys  oblongus  (Mitcliill). 
Four-spotted  flounder. 

Jordan  &  Everniann,  Bull.  17,  V .  S.  nat.  nui.s.,  l.v.ts,  pt.  3,  p. 
2632;   11)00,  pt.  4,  pi.  374,  fio;.  924. 

Pleurntwcics  oblongus  Mitehill,  Tran.s.  Hi.  »lv  [jliilos.  soc.  X.  Y., 
LSI,-),  vol.  1,  p.  391.     "Xew  York." 

Platfs.sa  quadrocrllata  Storer.  Storer,  ^L'ln.  Anier.  aead.,  1SG3, 
vol.  S,  p.  397,  1)1.  31,  fig.  3. 

>L\s.s. —  Provinectown  (Storer  1847,  18G3  and  Bean  1880); 
Wa(jUoit  (Lyman  1872) ; South  of  Xanf ticket;  Ciayhead,  (B.  S.  X.  IL, 
Hyatt  &  Simond.s  coll.);  Mouth  of  Saltin  Harbor  (Goode  &  Bean 
1879);  Xorth  Truro;  Monomoy  (Kendall  coll.  1890);  Woods 
Hole  (Baird  1873;  Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898);  Xantucket 
(Sharj)   cK:  Fowler  1904). 

K.  L— Xarrafian.sett  Bay  (H.  L  fi.sh  comm.  1899). 

GoNX. —  Stratford  (Lin.sley  1S44);  Xoank  (Bean  1S80);  off 
Stratford;  off  Brid«;ei)ort;  Middle  (iround  (Keiulall.eoll.  1890); 
off  Faulkners  Island;  off  S.  W.  Ix-'dire;  off  Branford  Beacon 
(Kendall  coll.  1892). 

333.     Li\iA\i)\  lEKKifiiNKV  (Storer). 

Rusty  dab;  Rusty  flounder. 

.Ionian  &  Kvermanii,  Bull.  47,  I  .  S.  nat.  iiiii.s.,  1S9S,  jd.  3,  j). 
2044;    1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  377,  Hj;.  929. 


148  PWUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTOMI.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

PLEURONECTIDAE. 

Platessa  jemiginea  Storer,  Ropt.,  1839,  p.  141,  pi.  2.  "Cape 
Ann."     Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1SG3,  vol.  8,  p.  392,  pi.  30,  fig.  4. 

Me.—  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  inus.  1873). 

Mass. —  Cape  Ann  (Storer  1839  and  1863);  Waquoit  (Lyman 
1872);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  Massachusetts  Bay  (Goode  & 
Bean  1879);  Salem;  Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  North  Truro; 
Monomoy  (Kendall  coll.  1896) ;•  Vineyard  Sound;  Buzzards  Bay 
(Smith  1898). 

R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

334.     PsEUDOPLEURONECTES  AMERicANUS  (Walbauni). 

Winter  flounder;  Flounder;  Roughback  Flounder;  Flatfish. 

* 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3, 
p.  2647;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  379,  fig.  933. 

Pleiironedes  amcricanus  Walbaum,  Artedi  Pise,  1792,  p.  113. 
"New  York." 

Platessa  plana  Storer.  Storer,  INIem.  Amer,  acad.,  1863,  vol.  8, 
p.  389,  pi.  30,  fig.  2. 

Me. —  Common  along  the  whole  coast.  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat. 
mus.  1872;  Kendall  coll.  1893);  Bucksport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1878 
and  Bean  1880);  Portland  (Bean  1880);  Casco  Bay  (Lee  1885; 
Kendall  coll.  1892;  1893;  1896;  1900);  Lower  Penobscot  River 
(Kendall  coll.  1892);   Penobscot  River  and  Bay  (Evermann  1903). 

Mass. —  Boston  Harbor  (Storer  1843);  Deer  Island  (Storer 
1839;  1863);  Massachusetts  Bay  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Putnam  coll.); 
Orleans  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Davidson  coll.);  Waquoit  (Lyman  1872); 
Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  North  Truro;  Monomoy  (Kendall  coll. 
1896);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873;  Goode  1879;  Bean  1880  and 
Smith  1898);  Annisquam  (B.  S.  N.  H.,  Hyatt,  Van  Vleck  & 
Gardiner  coll.) ;  New  Bedford;  Woods  Hole;  Provincetown;  Bos- 
ton (Jordan  &  Evermann  1898). 


piscKs.  149 

TELP:<)ST(>MI.  ACANIIIolTKin. 

rLKrUONECTllJAi;. 

1{.  1. —  Xarni^aiisi'tt  Bay  (It.  I.  fisli  foiniii.  1S99);  Coiiiiiii- 
cut   (Pope  coll.);  Willow  Hcadi  ami  (irt'i-nwich  liay  (IVacy  I'.KKl). 

C(>NN'. —  "Coininon"  (Liiislcy  iSM);  oil'  Bri(l;,'<'|)()rt ;  (»ll"  Strat- 
ford; Middle  (Jround  (Kt'iidall  coll.  1S«)());  oil"  Hraiifonl  Beacon 
(Kendall  coll.  1892). 

335.      Ll()P.SETT.\  PUTN'AMI  (Gill). 

Smooth  flounder;  Smooth-back  flounder. 

Jordan  &  Evennann.  Bull.  17.  l'.  S.  nat.  imis.,  ISQS,  pt.  3,  p. 
2GoO;    1«K)(),  pt.  4,  pi.  3.S(),  fij;.  \yM\. 

Kurhalnrodus  pitfnnwi  (iill,  Proc.  aca<l.  iiat.  .sci.  Phil.,  1S()4, 
p.   210.      "S.VLEM.   Ma.s-s." 

Platciaa  glabra  Storer.  Storer,  Mcin.  Aincr.  acad..  1^03.  vol. 
S,  p.  393,  pi.  31.  fi^'.  1. 

Mk. —  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  niu.s.  1S73;  Kendall  c(»il.  ls'.)_'. 
1S9S-19(K));  Portland  (Bean  1880);  Buck.sport  (Bean  187s  and 
ISNO);  Belfast  (Jordan  &  Evennann  1898);  Penob.scot  River  and 
Bay  (Evennann  1903). 

Ma.ss.— Boston  Harbor  (Storer  1843c);  Salem  (Gill  1804); 
Beverly  Bridfje;  Salem  Harbor  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Boston 
(Jordan    &  Everniann   1.S78). 

K.    I.  —  Providence. 

33().     Glyitocepiialus  cyxoglossus  (Linne). 
Pole  flounder;  Lemon  sole. 

(ioode  &  Bean,  Oceanic  iclitli..  1S9(>,  |).  430,  pi.  102,  fig.  350. 
Jordan  &  Evennann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nut.  mus.,  1898,  j)t.  3,  p.  2057. 

Pleuronectrs  ripiofj/o.ssiis  Liiuie,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p. 
209.     "in  Ocea.nu  Beloilm  aliae.nte." 

Mk.- t:astport  ((Joode   &  Bean  1890). 

Ma.s.s. —  Oir  .Salem  ((Joode  &  Bean  1879);  (Jloucester  (Bean 
1880);    Ma.s.saclmsetts  Bay  (Bean  1880  and  Goode  &  Bean  1S90). 


150  fauna  of  new  england. 

teleostomi.  acanthopteri. 

pleuront:ctidae. 

337.  LOPHOPSETTA   MACULATA   (Mitcllill). 

Window  pane;  Plaice  Sand-dab. 

Jordan  Sc  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  189S,  pt.  3,  p. 
2660;   1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  382,  fig.  938. 

Pleuronectes  mnculatus  INIitchill,  Kept.  fish.  X.  Y,,  1814,  p. 
9.  "Xew  York."  Storer,  Mem.  Amer.  acad.,  1863,  vol.  8,  p. 
398,  pi.  31,  fig.  4. 

Me. —  Eastport  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1875  and  Bean  1880);  Bucks- 
port  (Goode  1884);  Casco  Bay  (U.  S.  nat.  mus.  1873;  Bean  1880; 
Smith   &  Kendall  1896). 

Mass. —  P^ovincetow^l  (Storer  1845  and  Bean  1880);  Holmes 
Hole  (Storer  1863);  ^Yaquoit  (Lvman  1872);  Salem  Harbor; 
Gloucester  Harbor;  Milk  Island  (Goode  &  Bean  1879);  Vineyard 
Sound;  Gloucester  (Bean  1880);  North  Truro;  Monomoy;  Me- 
nemsha  Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1896);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873; 
Bean  1880  and  $mith  1898);   Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I. —  Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

CoNX. —  Bridgeport;  Stonington  (Linsley  1844) ;  Noank  (Bean 
1880);  off  Bridgeport;  off  Stratford;  ^^liddle  Ground  (Kendall 
coll.  1890);  off  Faulkners  Island;  off  S.  AV.  Ledge;  off  Branford 
Beacon  (Kendall  coll.  1892). 

SOLEIDAE. 

338.  AcHiRus  FASciATUS  Laccpedc. 
Hogchoker. 

Lacepede,  Hist.  nat.  poiss.,  1802,  vol.  4,  p.  659.  "Charleston, 
S.  C."  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898, 
pt.  3,  p.  2700;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  387,  fig.  948. 

Achirus  mollis  Cuv.  Storer,  ISIem.  Amer.  acad.,  1863,  vol.  8, 
p.  400,  pi.  32,  fig.  1,  6. 


PISCES  151 

TELKOSTOMI.  Ar  AXTIIorTi:  IH. 

SOLKIDAK. 

Mass.  'raslimorc  roiid,  llolmcs  IIoK- (StoiH-r  Is;)'.)) ;  Naliaiil 
(Storcr  1S42);  Hulnies  Hole;  Cliark-s  River  (Sturcr  1SG3);  Woods 
Hole  (Bainl  1S73);  Xaliant,  Provincetown  (Goode  &  Bean  1879); 
New  Bedford  (Bean  ISSO);  Menemsha  Bifjht  (Kendall  coll.  189G); 
Warehaiu  River;    \'ineyard  Sound;   Woods  Hole  (Smith  1898). 

K.  1.  -Providenee;  Newport  (Bean  1880);  Xarragan.sett  Bay 
(R.  I.  (ish  comni.  1S«>9);   Coniniicut  (Pope  eoU.  1894-97). 

Coxx. —  Stratford  (Linsley  1844);  near  Hartford  (Ayres  1844); 
off  Stratford;   Middle  (Jround  (Kendall  roll.  1890). 

L01'H1II).\E. 
339.     LoPHius  I'iscATORius  Linne. 
Goosefish;  Monkfish. 

Linne.  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17">S.  vol.  1,  |).  230.  "'ix  (JcKAXO 
Eiuoi'AEO  SLB  LAPIDU.M  FoitxiciBUs."  Jordan  &:  Evcrniann, 
Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p.  2713;  1900,  pt.  4,  pi.  388, 
fig.  952. 

Loplilu.s  amrricanuJi  (jiv.  Storer,  Mem.  Ann  r.  a(a<l.,  1855, 
vol.  5,  p.  2()7.  |)1.  18,  fiir.  2. 

Mk. —  Eastport  (T.  S.  nai.  nms.  ]s72;  K<'n(lall  coll.  1893); 
Caseo  Bay  (I>ee  18,S.-);   Kendall  eoll.  lN90;    1900). 

Mass.— Massachusetts  Bay  *  (Storer  1839  and  ("utting  1800); 
Boston  Bay  (Storer  18.39);  Provincetown  (Storer  1855);  Waquoit 
(Lyman  1872);  Woods  Hole  (Baird  1873);  Gloucester  (Bean  1880); 
Xorth  Truro;  Monomoy;  Menemsha  Bight  (Kendall  coll.  1890); 
\ineyard  Sound  (Smith  1898);  Nantucket  (Sharp  &  Fowler  1904). 

R.  I.       Narragansett  Bay  (R.  I.  fish  comm.  1899). 

Coxv.    -  Bridge|)ort ;    Stratford   (Linsley    1844). 


152  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TELEOSTU.Ml.  ACANTHOPTERI. 

ANTENNARIIDAE. 

340.  Pterophryne  histrio  (Linne). 
Mousefish. 

Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull.  47,  U.  S.  nat.  nins.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p. 
27 1(). 

LopJiius  histrio  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  237. 
"in  Pelago  inter  Fucum  natantem." 

Chironectes  laevigatus  Cuv.  Storer,  ]\Iem.  Ainer.  acad.,  1855, 
vol.  5,  p.  270,  pi.  18,  fig.  3. 

Mass.— Holmes  Hole  (Storer  1839  and  1855);  Woods  Hole 
(Bean  1880  and  Smith  1898). 

R.  I. —  Montauk  Point  (?);  mouth  of  Sakonnet  River  (Tracy 
1906). 

Conn. —  Long  Island  Sound  (Linsley  1844). 

OGCOCEPHALIDAE. 

341.  DiBRANCHus  atlanticus  Peters. 

Peters,  Monats.  kon.  akad.  wiss.  Berlin,  1876,  (1875),  p.  736, 
pi.  "West  Africa  360  fathoms."  Goode  &  Bean,  Oceanic 
ichth.,  1896,  p.  501,  pi.  122,  fig.  413.  Jordan  &  Evermann,  Bull. 
47,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1898,  pt.  3,  p.  2743. 

R.  L— Off  Block  Island  (Goode  &  Bean  1896);  Newport 
[?]  (Jordan   &  Evermann  1898). 


(iPccasional  papers 

OF  THE 

Boston    Soclctn    of    ^^atural    ^^istorn 

VII. 


FAUNA  OF   NEW   ENGLAND. 


11. 


LIST    OF    THE    AVES 


By  glover  M.  ALLEN. 


BOSTON  : 

PRINTED  FOR  THE  SOCIETY   FROM  THE 
GURDON  SALTOxNSTALL  FUND. 
JONB,    1009. 


<"» 


AYES. 

Tlie  following  list  aims  to  inclikk'  all  species  of  birds  known  to 
have  occurred  in  New  England  within  historic  times.  Those  only 
whose  occurrence  is  believed  to  be  natural  are  given  a  serial  number, 
while  introduced,  escaped,  or  h}pothetical  species  are  given  in  a 
sej)arate  list.  Tiie  nomenclature  is  that  adoj)ted  by  the  American 
ornithologists'  union,  including  the  changes  of  the  14th  supplement 
to  the  Check-List,  July,  190S.  Of  the  vernacular  names,  the  first 
given  is  in  each  case  that  of  the  Check-List,  and  those  following  are 
local  names  current  for  the  most  part  in  New  P2ngland.  Unless 
otherwise  stated,  the  term  "migrant"  means  that  the  s|)ecies  oc- 
curs in  both  the  spring  and  the  fall  migrations;  "summer  resident" 
implies  that  the  species  breeds;  "resident,"  that  individual  birds 
remain  the  entire  year  in  the  State.  The  migration  and  nesting 
dates  given,  are  almost  wholly  those  available  from  published 
sources  and  are  hence  in  many  cases,  somewhat  meager.  Un- 
usual dates  are  enclosed  within  j)arentheses.  If  the  records  for 
the  presence  of  a  given  sj)ecies  within  any  State  do  not  e.xceed 
three,  the  j)lace  and  (kite  of  each  are  given  if  known. 

For  brevity  of  citation,  references  to  figures  of  eggs  in  the  works 
of  Bendire,  Ca|jen,  and  Seebohm  are  given  by  the  name  of  the  author 
f(jllowed  by  the  date,  plate,  and  figure.  The  titles  of  these  works 
follow :  — 

Bendire,  C.  Life  histories  of  North  American  birds  with  special 
reference  to  their  breeding  habits  and  eggs.  Special  bull,  no.  1, 
U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1892,  viii4-446  p.,  12  pis.;  special  bull.  no.  3, 
U.  S."  nat.  mus.,  1895,  i.\ 4-518  pp.,  7  pis. 

Capen,  Elwin  A.  Oology  of  New  England:  a  description  of  the 
eggs,  nests,  and  Ijreeding  habits  of  the  birds  known  to  breed  in 
New  England,  with  colored  illustrations  of  their  eggs.  Boston, 
1886,  4to,  116  pp.,  25  pis. 

Seebohm,  Henry.  Coloured  figures  of  the  eggs  of  British  birds, 
with  descriptive  notices.     Sheffield,  .\.\iv-|-304  pp.,  j)ls. 


Me 

Colyiiildis  lutlhofllii — 

jiiiritiis — 

Po(liIyiiil)ns  j)()(liceps — 

Gavia  inuiicr — 

arctica — 

stellata — 

Lniida  cirrhata         — 

I-'ratcrciila  arctica — 

Ce|)i)lius  <;rvlli' 4- 

Uria  troilc — 

lonivi.i .       — 

Alca  tonia — 

Phmtiis  iiu|)cniiis     ....  — 

Alio  alio _ 

Mcfjalcstris  .skua 

Stercorariu.s  poinarimi.s + 

parasiticii.s — 

loiipcaiidus — 

Pafjophila  alha 

Rissa  trirjactyla — 

Lani.s  hypcrhorcu.s — 

lciicoj)t('ni.s -j- 

kiimlicni — 

niarimis 

ar<,'ciitani.s 

ciclawarcnsis 

atricilla 

Philadelphia 

Xeiiia  sal)iiiii 

Geloclu'lidon  nilotica 

Sterna  caspia       

ina.xiina 

.sandvicen.sj.s  acuflavida  . 

forsteri 

hiniiido 

paradisaca 

dou^'alli 

antillannii 

1 


N.H. 


+ 


Vt. 

Mass. 

R.I. 

+    i- 

— 

+ 

— 

+ 

— 

— 

+ 

? 

4- 

—      ? 

+     - 

? 

+       ?l 

+ 

— 

Conn. 


+ 1 

+ 

+ 

'  — 

—    +    — 
?    +   — 


+ 

— 

+ 
+ 

+ 

—  I   4-      — 


Sterna  fuscata     

Hydrochelidon  nigra  surinaraensis 
Rvnchops  nigra 


Me. 


Fulmarus  glacialis 


Puffi 


nus 


borea 


ans 


gravis 


gnseiLS  .... 
Aestrelata  hasitata  .... 
Daption  capensis  .... 
Oceanodroma  leucorhoa 
Oceanites  oceanicus  .  .  . 
Sula  leucogastra      .... 

bassana 

Phalacrocorax  carbo    .     .     . 

auritus       .     . 

Pelecanus  er}'throrhynchos    . 

occidentalis       .     . 

Fregata  aquila 

Mergus  americanus      .     .     . 

serrator       .... 

Lophod}1:es  cucullatus      .     . 

Anas  plat^Th^Tichos      .     .     . 

rubripes 

Chaulelasmus  streperus    ,     . 

Mareca  penelope     .... 

americana  .... 

Nettion  crecca 

carolinensis  .  .  . 
Querquedula  discors  .  .  . 
Spatula  ch'peata      .... 

Dafila  acuta        

Aix  sponsa 

Marila  americana    .... 
vallisneria    .... 

marila 

afHnis 

collaris 

Clangula  clangula  americana 
islandica  .  .  . 
Charitonetta  albeola  .  .  . 
Harelda  hyemalis  .... 
Histrionicus  histrionicus 
Camptorhynchus  labradorius 


+ 


+ 
+ 


N.H, 


+ 

+ 

+ 

Vt. 

+ 

? 

Mass. 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 

i                                                                                                      +        +             +■                                                          + 

Conn. 

vir<;mianu.s 


Porzaiia  Carolina 
('otiirni(Oj)s  noveborac 
Creciscus  jainuicensis 
(^ri'x  crcx 
loiioriiis  iiiartiiiica  . 


rensis 


Soinatcria  mollissima  borealis 
(Iresseri 
sjXM'tabilis    . 
Oidcinia  aiiicricana 
il<';:laiiili 
|)(Ts|ii(illata 
Erisinatiira  jainaironsis 
Xoinoiiyx  (loiniiiifus    . 
Clu'ii  liypcrbnrca 

nivalis 
taonilcsccns 
Anser  albifrons  p^ambeii 
Branta  canadensis 

hutchinsii 
l)crnicla  g;laucoga.stra 
iii;;ricans 
Icucopsis 
Olor  cvgniis 

colniiibianus    . 
buccinator 
Guara  alba 
Ple<:a(iis  aiitumnalis 
Myctcria  aiiicricana 
Hotaiirus  Icntifjino.sus 
Ixobrychus  exilis 
Anlea  hcrodias 
Ilerodias  c<rrctta 
Efxretla  candidi.ssinia 
Florida  caenilca 
Butoridos  virescens 
Xycticorax  nycticorax  naexius 
Xyctanassa  violacea 
Grus  aniericana 
canadensis 
mo  xi  can  a 
Jiallus  elc<,'an.s     .     . 
crepitans 


+ 


—  1    ?  I  — 


Me. 

+ 

N.H. 

Vt. 

Mass. 

R.I 
9 

4- 

+ 

4-       

.  — 

+ 



— 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

9 

+ 
+ 

+ 







— 

+ 

9 

? 

+ 

Conn. 


+ 

+      — 

—  I  + 


+ 
+ 

+ 


+    I     ? 
—  '    +      — 


+ 


Galliiiula  galeata 

Fiilica  americaiia 

Phalaropus  fulicarius         

Lobipes  lobatus 

Stegaiiopiis  tricolor 

Reciirvirostra  americana 

Himantopiis  mexicanus 

Philohela  minor 

Gallinao:o  delicata 

Macrorliamphus  griseus 

scolopaceus     .     .     . 
INIicropalama  himantopus     .... 

Tringa  canutus 

Arquatella  maritima 

Pisobia  maculata 

fuscicollis 

bairdii 

minutilla 

Pelidna  alpina 

sakhalina 

Erolia  ferriiginea 

Ereunetes  pusillus 

mauri 

Calidris  leucophaea 

Limosa  fedoa 

haemastica 

Tetanus  melanoleuciis 

flavipes 

Helodromas  solitarius  • 

Catoptrophorus  semipalmatus   .     .     . 

inornatus 

Pavoncella  pugnax 

Bartramia  longicauda        

Tryngites  subnificollis 

Actitis  macularia 

Numenius  amcricanus 

hudsonicus 

borealis        

Sqiiatarola  squatarola 

Charadrius  doniinicus 

Oxyechus  ^■ot•iferus 

Aegialitis  semipalraata 

meloda 

4 


Me. 

N.H. 

Vt. 

Mass. 

R.I. 

Conn. 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 

1 

+ 

+ 

+ 

9 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

? 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

1 

+ 



1 



+ 

+ 

_ 

? 

+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 



1 

1 

+ 

— 

i    + 

+ 

!  + 
+ 
+ 

? 

+ 

Ochtliodroiiiiis  wilsonins  . 

Ari'iijiria  inttTprcs         

inoriiiclla 
Il;ifmato|)iis  pallialtis        .      .      .      . 

<  '(iliiui^  viri^iiiiamis 

Canachiti's  canadoiisis  canace   . 

Boiiasa  imiltrlliis 

to^ata    .     .      .     . 

Lafjopiis  la^opiis 

Tviiipamichii.s  cupido  .  .  .  . 
Mcliaixris  i^alldpavo  silvestris  . 
K(i(ipi>t('s  iiii^rratorius  .  .  .  . 
ZiMiai<lura  iiiacroura  caroliiu'iisis  . 
Starnocna.s  cyanoccphala  .  .  .  . 
Calliartcs  aura  si'|)tentrionalis   . 

("alharista  iinihu 

Klaiioidrs  torficatus 

Circus  hudsoniiis 

Acci|)iter  velox 

(•(K)|)('rii 

Astur  atricajMllus 

Buteo  horeali.s 

lincatiis 

.swaiusoiii 

|)lat}i)teriis 

Ar<liil)iit('<)  la'j^opiis  sancti-johannis 

A(|iiila  clirv^aetos 

Ilaliatvtiis  Ifiicoct'phalus  .... 

Faico  islandus 

rusticoliKs 

gyrfaico    .... 
rusticolu.s  ohsoletiis 
porcgriiui.s  anatum  .... 

colli  inharius 

tiiiiiiiiicnliis 

sparvcriiis 

Paiidioii  iialiaetus  carolincnsis  .     . 

Aliico  pratiiicola 

Asio  w  ilsoiiiaims 

llaiiiiiK'iis 

Stri.x  varia 

Scotiaptcx  iicl)id()>a 

(ilaux  luiicrca  richardsoiii  .     . 


Me. 


+ 


? 

+ 


N.H 


Vt. 
V 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 
? 


+ 


+ 


Mass.lR.  I. 

V 


+ 
+ 


Conn. 


+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 


Glaux  acadicus 

Otus  asio 

Bubo  virginianus 

subarcticus     . 
heterocnemis 

Nyctea  nyctea 

Surnia  ulula  caparoch      .     .     . 
Speot}io  euniciilaria  h^-pogaea 
Coccyzus  americanus        .     .     . 
erj-throphthalmus .     . 

Ceryle  alcyon 

Dryobates  ^illosus 

pubescens  medianus 

Picoides  arcticus 

americanus  .  .  .  . 
Sphyrapicus  varius  .  .  .  . 
Phloeotomus  pileatus  abieticola 
Melanerpes  en^hrocephalus 

Centurus  carolinus 

Colaptes  auratus  luteus    .     .     . 

Antrostomus  carolinensis .     .     . 

vociferus      .     .     . 

Chordeiles  virginianus      .     .     . 

Chactura  pelagica         .     .     .     . 

Troc'hilus  colubris         .     .     .     . 

Muscivora  forficata      .     .     .     . 

Tyrannus  tyrannus       .     .     .     . 

dominicensis     . 

verticalis      .     .     .     . 

M^'ia^chus  crinitus       .     .     .     . 

Sayornis  phoebe 

saya 

Nuttallornis  borealis    .     .     .     . 
M^iochanes  virens        .     .     .     . 
Empidonax  flaviventris     .     .     . 
virescens  .      .     .     . 
traillii  alnorum  . 
minimus   ... 
Otocoris  alpestris     .... 
praticola  . 
ho}1:i     . 
Cyanocitta  cristata       .     .     . 
Perisoreus  canadensis  .      .     . 
Corvus  corax  principalis  . 


Me. 


N.H. 


Vt. 


+ 


+ 


+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 


Mass. 

+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 


+  . 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 


+ 

+ 


—  + 

—  I    + 
+ 


R.I.  I  Conn. 


+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


—     —      + 


+ 


+ 


+ 


Corvus  bracliyrliyiichos    .     .     .     . 

ossifrajriis 

Stnrniis  viil<j;iris 

1  )<)Ii<li()iiy.\  orv/.ivoru.s      .     .     .     . 

Moloilinis  atcr         

Xaiitlioccplialiis  xanthoc('|)haliis 

Ajjclaius  pluM'iiiccus 

fortis 

Stiinu'lla  iiiat;iia 

Icterus  spnriiis 

fialhiila 

hullocki 

Enphafriis  caroliniis 

Quiscalus  (jiiisciila 

aeneus     . 
Ilosporij^hona  v(>sj)«>rtina 
I'iiiicola  cmiclcator  Iciu-iira  .     .      . 
C'arj)0(lacu.s  purpiircus      .... 
Ix)xia  furvirostra  minor   .... 

l(MHnpt(>ra 

Acanthis  liornciiiannii  e.xilipe.s  . 

liiiaria 

Iu)ll)0('llii 
ro.strata  .... 

"brt'w.stt'ri" 

A.straf:alinu.s  tri.sti.s        

Spinns  j)iniis        

.s|)inii.s 

Plectroplicnax  iiivali.s 

Calcariu.s  Ia})poni(u.s 

ornatiLs 

Poocct'te.s  prainiiipiis 

Pa.s.scrcnliis  |iriii<c|).s 

.saiidwichensis  savanna 
Cotiiniiciilus  .savannariiin  australis 
Anmioilraiiiiis  hcnslowii  .... 
(•aiidacutus 
nel.soni       .... 
subvirgatus 
niaritinius 
C'horule.stPS  gramiiiaciis     .... 
Zonotrichia  l«Mi(o|)lirvs      .... 

alhicollis 

Spizt'Ua  niontiiola 


Me. 

N.H 

1  Vt. 

.Ma.ss 

.  R.I 

Conn 

~ 

—  1    + 
9    ' 

' 

... 

+ 

+ 

— 

4- 

— 

— 



— 

4- 

— 

+ 

4- 

4- 

+ 

+ 
+ 

? 

— 

+ 

— 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

— 

? 

+ 
-f 

9 

+ 

— 

4- 
+ 

4- 

^~^ 

"'     ■' 

+ 
+ 

— 



+ 

— 

— 

+ 

+ 

— 

+ 

— 

— 

? 

4- 

— 

— 

— 

4- 

— 

— 

• 

4- 

+ 

— 



+ 

— 

— 

+ 

— 

— 

+ 

— 

I  Me.  N 


Spizella  passerina    .     .     . 
breweri       .     .     . 
pusilla    .... 
Junco  hvenialis        .     . 

montanus 

Melospiza  meloclia       .     . 

lincolnii       .     . 


seorgiana 


Passerella  iliaca 
Pipilo  enihrophthalmus  .  . 
Cardinalis  cardinalis  .  .  . 
Zamelodia  ludoviciana  .  . 
Guiraca  caerulea  .... 
Passerina  cyanea  .... 
Spiza  americana  .... 
Calamospiza  melanocorys  . 
Piranga  ludoviciana  .  .  . 
enthromelas  .      .     . 

rubra 

Progne  subis        

Petrochelidon  lunifrons  .  . 
Hirundo  en^hrogaster  .  . 
Iridoprocne  bicolor 

Riparia  riparia 

Stelgidopten-x  serripennis      . 

Bombycilla  garrula       .     .     . 

cedrorum  .      .     . 

Lanius  borealis        .... 

ludo\icianus     .     .     . 

migrans 

Vireosylva  olivacea       .     .     . 

philadelphica 

gilva       .     .     .     . 

Lani^^^eo  flavifrons      .     .     . 

solitarius      .     .     . 

Vireo  griseus 

bellii 

^Nlniotilta  varia 

Protonotaria  citrea        .     .     . 
Helmitheros  vermivorus   . 
Helminthophila  pinus       .     . 
chrvsoptera 
rubricapilla 
celata 


.H.   Vt.   Mass. 

+ 

—  + 

—  + 


+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 

9 


+ 


R.  I.iConn. 


+ 
+ 


f      — 


+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 


+      — 


+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 


+ 
+ 


Hcliiiintliupliila  pcrr^riiui 
('oinpsotlilvpis  jiiiKTicaiKi  usru'iie 
Dcnd 


ron-a  tiirnna 


acstiva 

caiTiilcsci'iis     .     .     .     . 

c'oronata 

au<liil)oiii 

iiiaiTiiolia 

ft'ruli'a 

pciisylvaiiioa    .     .     .     . 

striata 

Macklmniiae   .     .     .     . 

castaiica 

(lomiiiica 

virens 

viiTorsii 

l)aliiiaruiii 

li^lDochrvsea 


Me. 

+ 

+ 

N.H. 

VI. 

Muss. 

: 

+ 
+ 

+ 

R.I. 

Conn. 


+ 


iliscolor 

Sciiinis  aurocapilln.s     .     .     .     . 
St'iiinis  iiovcltdraccnsis 

iiotabilis 

inotacilla 

( )p(>r()riiis  fonnosa 

:i^'ilis 

pliila(l('l|)hia 

0<'otlilypi.s  trichas 

Ictcria  virens 

Wil.sonia  citriiia 

piisilla 

caMadcnsis      .      .      .      . 

S('f()j)lia<;a  nilicilla 

Anthiis  rnlx'sct'n.s 

Mi  mils  |)()ly^l<)ttos 

I  )iiiiictclla  caniliiiciisis 
r(»\(>st()iiia  nifiiin  .... 

'riirvotlioriis  liidovicianus 
'J'hrvomaiics  bcwifkii  .... 

Tro^jlodytcs  acilon 

Xaiiniis  liiciiialis 

Cistotlionis  stcllaris      .... 
'rdiiiatodMcs  paliistris 
("crtliia  faiiiiliaris  aiiu'ricana 
Sitta  caroliiu'iisis 


+ 

• 

+    + 

? 

• 

■^~" 

— 

+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 
+ 

+ 

4- 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 
+ 
+ 
+ 


+ 


+ 


+ 
+ 


Sitta  canadensis 

Baeolophus  bicolor       .... 
Penthestes  atricapillus 

hiulsonicus 

Regulus  satrapa 

calendula 

Polioptila  caorulea 

Hylociclila  niustelina   .... 

fuscescens  .     .     .     . 
salicicola  . 

aliciae 

bicknelli  . 

ustulata  swainsonii  . 

guttata  pallasii    .     . 
Planesticus  migratorius     .     .     . 

Ixoreus  naevius  

Sialia  sialis 


Me. 

+ 

N.H. 

? 

+ 

vt. 


Mass. 

R.I. 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

— 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

+ 

Conn. 


10 


AVES. 

PYCOPODKS.  COLYMHI 

COLY.MlilDAE. 

1.     ('(H.VMius  iioi.Hoji MI  (Hciiihardt)  Kidgway. 

Holboell's  grebe;  Red-necked  grebe. 

Podireps  liolhollli  Rcinh.,  Vidcnsk.  int'ddt-l.  uaturh.  forli.  Kjubcn- 
havt'ii    for    1S53,    18.34.    p.    7<>.     "Gkoxlaxd.  . . .  Julianehaabs 

DiSTKIKT." 

Podirrjjs  rubricolli.s  Lath.  Audubon.  Hirds  of  Amcr.,  1S44, 
vol.  7.  |).  .312  pi.  480. 

Frt'sh  and  salt  water;  nests  among  rushes  in  sloughs. 

Mk. —  Unconiinon    winter   resident   eoastwise.  Sept.-Aj)ril   24. 

N.  H. —  Uneoniinon  migrant  and  eoastwise  winter  resident. 
Oet.-May    (June). 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant :  Middlelxirv;  Wells  River;  Windsor,  spring. 

Mas.s. —  Uneommon  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly 
coastwi.se.     (Sept.)  Oct.  1()-May  24. 

R.  I. —  L'neommon  winter  resident  coastwise.  Oct.  23-jMay  2. 

C'ONX. —  Uncommon  winter  resident  coa.stwise.  Oct.  19-spring. 

2.     ('((i.YMiu  s  Ai  liiTi  s  Linn<?. 

Homed  grebe;  Devil  diver;    Hell  diver;  Little  diver;  Tinker; 
Tinker  loon. 

Limie,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1738,  vol.  1,  |i.  I'Ao.  "I\  slmmis 
Kl  HOPAK   &  .Vmkhu'a  i.Acnus." 

PfnlifTpff  roniiitii.t  I>inn^.  .\udubon.  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844, 
vol.  7.  p.  ;n<l.  pi.  IM.     Egg,  Capen.  ]88(i.  pi.  24,  fig.  3. 

.Salt  and  fresh  water;  ne.sts  among  rushes  in  marshes. 

OCC.   PAPKRS   B.  H.  \.   H.        1909.        \OI..  7. 


2  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PYGOPODES.  COLYMBI. 

COLYMBIDAE. 

Me. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  coastwise;  rare  winter,  and  in 
northeastern  part,  rare  summer  resident. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coast- 
wise.    Oct.-April. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coastwise. 
Oct.  1-May  6  (June  1,  Springfield). 

R.  I. —  Common  winter  resident  coastwise.  Oct.  23-April  24 
(May). 

Conn. —  Common  winter  resident  coastwise;  accidental  in 
summer  (Melrose,  July  26,  1882).     Sept.-May  (July  26). 

3.     PoDiLYiviBUS   PODiCEPS    (Linne)    Lawrence. 

Pied-billed  grebe;  Dabchick;  Devil  diver;  Diedapper;  Dipper; 
Frog-in-throat;  Hell  diver;  Water  witch. 
Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,   1895,  p.  57;    Bird- 
life,  1898,  pi.  2.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  24,  fig.  5. 

Colymhus  podiceps  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  136. 
"in  America  septentrioxali." 

Freshwater  rivers,  ponds,  swamps;  nests  among  reeds  in  swamps. 

Me. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  coastwise;  less  common 
summer  resident.  April-May  19;  summer;  Sept.  1-Xov.  13 
(late  Nov.).     Eggs,  June  6. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  summer  resident.  Mar.- 
Nov. 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  resident.     Spring-Oct.  19. 

Mass. —  Rare  spring,  common  fall  migrant,  and  uncommon 
local  summer  resident;  accidental  in  winter.  (Feb.)  Mar.  1-Dec. 
10.     Eggs,  April  23-June  28. 

R.  L — Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April-Oct. 
22.     Eggs,  June  6. 

CoNX. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  in  fall,  and  rare  summer 
resident.  April-sununer;  Sept.-Xov.  (Dec.  25,  1908,  South 
X'^orwalk). 


AVKS.  3 

PYGOPOnES.  fFPrill. 

CAN  IIDAi:. 

4.  Ga\  1 A  iMMKH  (Briiiinich)  A.  O.  l".  coinin. 

Loon;  Big  loon;  Call-up-a-storm;  Great  northern  diver. 

Colipulms  inniirr  Hriiiiii.,  ()niitli.  horcalis,  17()4,  p.  .'is.  "K 
•.\KI<(».\. 

Vr'nidtiir  iinlwr  (Guniicnis).  Cliajunaii,  Hand)),  birds  ru.st. 
No.  Aiiirr..  IS't.").  p.  .").S:  Mini-life.  IS'.iS.  p|.  li.  Kjrjr,  ("ap,.,,.  188C). 
pi.  24.  fi^'.  2. 

Salt  aiul  Ircsli  wattr;    iic>ls  on  slutn-s  (if  lakes. 

Me.,  N.  II. —  Comiiioii  inij^rant,  li'.ss  comiuon  winter  and  sum- 
nuT  resident.     Ejijjs,  June  11    10  (Jnly). 

Vt. —  l'neonini<»n  smnnier  resident. 

Mas.s. —  Cuninion  niit;rant  an<l  winter  resident,  mainly  eoast- 
wi.se;  ran*  siinuner  resident  inland  (formerly  S|)nnj:field);  a  few 
non-hreedinj;  birds  snnuner  otl'sliore. 

Ii.  I. —  Common  nii>,'rant  and  winter  resident  eoa.stwi.se;  a  few 
non-breeilinj;  birds  summer  oH'shon'.     Sept.  15-May  28;   summer. 

CoXN, —  Conunon  winter  resident  coastwi.se;  fornterly  a  rare 
snnnner  H'sident  (Kasthainj)ton).     ()et.-A|)ril  20. 

5.  G\vi\  AitfTir-A  d.imi^')  .Mien. 

Black-throated  loon  or  diver. 

Coli/vihuM  arriirii.s  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  I  TwS,  noI.  1.  p.  l,i."». 
"is  EiHoi'A  iS:  Amkhka  hohkai.i."  Andtdjon.  Hirds  of  Amer., 
1S44.  v(.l.  7,  p.  20."),  pi.  177.  Kjij,',  S«'ebolim.  ISOb,  p.  7S,  pi.  21, 
fip   1. 

8<'aeoa.sts ;    ne.sts  on  tiie  jjronnd. 

Ml.      Rare   wiiner   visiKn-;     (liina,    Kennebec   Co.,    April    10, 
1800;   Cntler.  Dee.  8.  1.S81. 
Ma.s.s.—    Donbtfnlly  reeonle*!. 
Conn. —  Donbtfidly  recorded  (  ?  near  Sonthbridp-.  Mas.s.). 


PYGOPODES. 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


GAVIIDAE. 


CEPPHI. 


6.     Gavia  stellata  (Pontoppidan)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 

Red-throated  loon;  Cape-race;  Little  loon;  Red-throated  diver; 
Scape-grace. 

Colymbus  stellatus  Pontopp.,  Danske  atlas,  1763,  vol.  1,  p.  621. 
(Based  on  Willughby.) 

Colymbus  septentrionalis  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844, 
vol.  7,  p.  299,  pi.  478.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  78,  pi.  21,  fig.  2. 

Salt  water  mainly,  sometimes  on  lakes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly 
coastwise.     (Aug.  16)  Sept.  22-(June  22). 

Vt  —  Rare  migrant.     Xov.  1. 

Mass.—  Uncommon  spring,  common  fall  migrant  and  winter 
resident,  mainly  coastwise;  casual  in  summer.  Aug.  27- April  8 
(July  2).  ^ 

P.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise;  a  few 
non-breeding  birds  summer  offshore.     Oct.l-April  27  (summer). 

Coxx. —  Common  winter  resident,  coastwise.     Oct.-Mav. 

ALCIDAE. 


7.     LuNDA  ciRRHATA  (Pallas)  Palla§. 

Tufted  puffin. 

Alca  cirrhata  Pallas,  Spic.  zool.,  1769,  fasc.  5,  p.  7,  pi.  1;   pi.  2, 
figs.  1-3.     "ix  Mari  INTER  Kamtschatk.\m  ET  Americam  Archi- 

PELAGUMGUE    KURILUM." 

Mormon  cirrhatns  Lath.     Audubon.  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7, 
p.  234,  pi.  462. 

Rockv  sea  coasts;   nests  in  burrows. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:    mouth  of  Kennebec  River,  winter  of 
1831-32. 


AVKS.  5 

pvc;upui)i:s.  cepphi 

AI.CinAE. 

S.     Fkatehcila  arctica  {Linn^>)  Sclijitfcr. 

Puffin;    Paroqueet;    Sea  parrot. 
Alra  arctica  Linn^,  Syst.  iiai.,  (■<!.  10,  17.")S,  vol.  1,  |>.  130.     "iN 

ElKOI'AK  HOKKAIJS  OCKANO." 

Mormon  arctlciis  Linn^.     Aii<lul)oii.   Bird.s  of  Ainer.,   1S44,  vol. 
7.  p.  L'.'iS.  |.].  ICl.     Kjrjr,  Capcn,  isSC),  pj.  21.  fif;.  0. 
liockv  .st'acoii-st.s ;    lU'St.s  in  hiirrows. 

Mk. —  Coimiioii    winter   resident    eoa.stwise,    and    rare    siininier 
ri'sident  (Matinien.s  Rock  and  Maehias  Seal  Island). 
X.   II. —  rneoniinon  winter  visitor  (at  Isles  of  Shoals). 
Ma.s.s. —  rneoninion  winter  visitorcoastwi.se.     Oet.   lO-Mareh. 
R.  I. —  I)(>nl)tfnlly  reported. 

9.     Ckim'IR-.s  gryli.k  (Linne)  Hrelini. 

Black  giiillemot;    Pigeon  murre;    Sea  pigeon. 
Alca  gn///c  LinnC*,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17ob,  vol.  1.  p.  130.     "rv 

EUUOI'AE  BOKKAI.I.S  OCKANO." 

Una  gri/lle  (Liinie).     Andnl)on.  Birds  of  Amer.,  1.S44,  vol.  7.  j». 
272.  |.l.  474.     Eg^r.  Capen.  ISSO.  pi.  24,  figs.  7.  8. 
Rocky  .seacoa.sts;   nests  in  deej)  crevices  of  rock-s. 

Mk. —  Coninion  winter  residi-nt  eoa.stwise;  less  common  siiniiner 
resident  from  Knox  Co.  eastward.     Eggs.  June  l'i-2'.i. 

N.  II. —  Uncommon  winter  visitor  eoastwi.se. 

Ma.s.s. —  rncoinmon  winter  visitor  coastwi.se.  S«*pt.-.\pril  1*.) 
(May). 

R.  I. —  Rare  winter  visiinr.      Nov.  IS-.Vpril. 

Coxx. —  Rare  winter  visitor  coastwise:  Stony  Creek,  Dec,  1887. 


6 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


PYGOPODES. 


CEPPHI. 


ALCIDAE. 


10.     Uria  troile  (Linne)  Latham. 

Murre;    Foolish  guillemot;    Guillemot. 

Cones,  Key  No.  Amer.  birds,  ed.  5,  1903,  vol.  2,  p.  1082,  figs. 
742,  743. 

Cohjnihvs  froille  (sic)  Linne,  Fauna  Suec.,  ed.  2,   1761,  p.  52. 


"in  alto  mart  septentrionali." 


Alca  froile  (Linne).     Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  8, 
pi.  [621].     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  24,  fig.  9;  pi.  25,  fig.  1-3. 
Rocky  seacoasts;  nests  on  sea  cliffs. 

Me. —  Rare  winter  \isitor:  Eastport,  Dec.  27,  1886;  Scarbor- 
ough. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass.— Rare  winter  visitor:  " ^Massachusetts "  (Society  collec- 
tion). 

R.  L —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Conn. —  ?  Rare  winter  \'isitor  (Merriam,  probably  in  error  for 
U.  lomvia). 


11.     Uria  lomvia  (Linne)  Bryant. 

Briimiich's  murre;  Briimiich's  guillemot;  Ice-bird;  Large-billed 
guillemot;   Sea  crow. 

Alca  lomvia  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  130.     "in 

EUROPA  BOREALI." 

Uria   hrunnichii  Sabine.     Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol. 
7,  p.  265,  pi.  472.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  94,  pi.  26,  figs.  5,  6. 
Rocky  seacoasts;   nests  on  sea  cliffs. 

Me. —  Common  winter  Aisitor  coastwise,  casual  inland;  a  doubt- 
ful breeding  record  (Penobscot  Bay,  M.  Hardy).     Nov.  23-Mar. 

N.  H. —  Irregular  winter  \isitor  coastwise;  occasional  inland. 
Nov.  25-Mar. 


AVES.  7 

PYflOPODKS.  CKPPHI. 

ALCIDAE. 

Vt. —  Irn-giilar  winter  \-isItor.     Nov.-Jan. 

Mass. —  rnconiiiion.  irrcjiular  wiiilcr  visitor  coastwise;  occa- 
sional inland.     Xov.  21-Mar.  14  {.V|)ril  lo). 

K.  I. —  I'nconunon  ami  irri'<;ular  winter  visitor.  Nov.  15- 
Feh.  23. 

CoN'N. —  Irrejjnlar  winter  \i^ii(»r,  souietinies  coinnion.  Ndv.  18- 
Feb.  10. 

12.  .\i.(\  T(n;i>\  Linne. 

Razor-billed  auk;    Razor-bill;    Tinker  murre;    Turre. 

Linn<''.  Sy.st.  nat..  ed.  10,  IToS;.  vol.  1,  p.  130.  "i.\  Europae 
HouKALis  ocp:ano."  .\n(lnl)on.  Birds  of  Ainer.,  18-44,  vol.  7,  p. 
247,  pi.  4(')('..     Ktrjr,  Capen,  188C..  pi.  2.5.  fie;.  4-G. 

Rocky  seacoasts;   nests  in  rock  cre\ices. 

Mk. —  (.'oniinon  winter  visitor  loa.stwise;  .said  to  have  nested 
formerly. 

N.  II. —  I'nconinion  winter  visitor  coastwise.     Xov.-Mar. 
Mass. —  Unconinionwintervisitorcoji.stwi.se.     Xov.  1-April  15. 
H.  I. —  Hare  winter  visitor  cojistwi.se.     Xov.  15-Feh.  4. 
Conn. —  H;irc  winter  visitor  coastwise. 

13.  I'l.Ai US  iMi'K.NMs  d^iini^')  Steenstrup. 

Great  auk;    Garefowl. 

Alra  iinfM'tinl.t  Linn^,  Syst.  n:it.,  «(l.  10.  175S,  vol.  1.  j).  130.  "i.\ 
Hiuoi'A  AHCTiCA."  Auduhoii,  Birds  of  Anier.,  1844,  vol.  7,  |». 
245,  j)l.  4(15.  EgS,  S.  Grieve,  Gn'iit  .\uk,  or  Garefowl,  I.K)ndon, 
1885,  pis.  1,  2  (opj..  |.p.  108,  109). 

Formerly  a  cojustwi.se  species,  breedinjj  jit  Fnnk  Id.,  near  Xew- 
fonndland,  and  at  a  few  j)laces  on  the  Enropean  coast;  last  spec- 
imen killed  in  1S44. 


8  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PYGOPODES.  CEPPHI. 

ALCIDAE. 

Me..  X.  H..  ^NIass. —  Formerly  a  winter  A-isitor  coast^-ise. 
R.  I.,  Coxx. —  Probably  occurred  formerly  as  a  winter  \-isitoi 
coast^vise  (bones  in  shell  heaps  at  Block  Id.,  R.  I.). 

14.  Alle  alle  (Linne)  Stejneger. 

Dovekie;  Ice-bird;  Kaotty;  Little  auk;    Pine-knotty;  Rotche; 
Sea  dove. 

AIca  alle  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  IToS,  vol.  1.  p.  131.  "ix 
EuROPAE,  Americae  arcticae  oce.\xo." 

Mergulus  alle  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7, 
p.  257,  pi.  469.     Egg,  Seebohm.  1S96,  p.  95,  pi.  26,  fig.  3. 

Rocky  coasts;  nests  on  ledges  or  in  cre\ices  of  sea  cliffs. 

Me. —  Uncommon  winter  \-isitor  coastwise,  casual  inland; 
Late  Xov.-!Mar.  15. 

X.  H.— Uncommon  winter  ^-isilo^  coast^-ise;    casual  inland. 

Vt. —  Accidental  winter  \-isitor. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  winter  \-isitor,  coast^nse;  casual  inland. 
(Sept.)  Xov.  4-May  1. 

R.  I. —  Rare  and  irregular  "v\-inter  \isitor  coastwise;  casual  in- 
land.    Xov.  14- April  27. 

Cox'X. —  Rare  and  irregular  winter  \isitor  coastwise;  casual 
inland.     (Sept.)  X'ov.  10. 

LONGIPENNES. 

STERCORARIIDAE. 

15.  Megale.stris  SKrA  (Briinnich)  Ridg^vay. 

Skua;    Great  Skua;    Sea-hen. 
Catharacfa   skiia    Briinn..    Ornith.    borealis,    1764.    p.   33.     "e 

FeROA    &  ISL.VXDIA."' 

Megalestris  catarrhacies  (Linne).  Saunders,  Cat.  birds  Brit- 
ish mus.,  1896,  vol.  25,  p.  315. 


avp:s  9 

lont;ipen*nes. 

stehcohakiidak. 

Strrrorariii.t  ratarrlinctr.t  (Limi^).  DrcsstT,  Bin  Is  of  EiirojX', 
1S71-S1.  vol.  8,  |)1.  [Vm].  Ejr<r,  Sfobohm,  189(i.  p.  lis.  j,l.  37, 
figs.  8,  4. 

IVlagfic;   nests  on  rocky  cliffs  or  tundra.s. 

Mass. —  Rare  visitor  offshore:  (xeorges  Hanks.  July,  1S78; 
Nantucket  Shoals,  Oct.  11,  IS&i;    Polluck  Kip,  S^-jn.  10,  1884. 

16.  Stercor.\kiis  pom.\rixus  (Teniniinck)  Vieillot. 

Pomarine  jaeger. 

Lestris  poiiiarinus  'IVnini..  Man.  (rornith.,  181.5,  p.  .514.  "les 
REGIONS  DU  CERCi.E  Ahctique.  "  Auduhon.  Birds  of  Anier.,  1844, 
vol.  7,  p.  180,  pi.  4.51.     Egg,  Seebohni.  181M;,  p.  IKi.  pi.  :i7.  fig.  6. 

Largely  marine;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant,  casual  in  summer.  May;  (.Tune  2.3, 
24);   .luly  14-late  Oct. 

M.\.ss. —  Uncommon  migrant,  occa.sional  in  summer.  May  23; 
July  o-S<'pt.  28. 

K.  I. —  Uneonunon  migrant  oflsliore,  mainly  in  tall.     <  )(t. 

17.  Stercor.\riis  I'ARASiTicus  (Linn^)  Schiiffer. 

Parasitic    jaeger;    Gull    chaser;    Marlinspike;    Richardson's 
jaeger;    Robber  gull;    Sea  hen. 

Laru.s  jKirasiiiru.s  Linn^,  Sy.st.  nai..  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  1.36. 

"intra   TROPICIM  CaN'CRI,    ElROI'AE,    .V.MKUK  AK,    .\slAE." 

Leslrin  rirhard.'iouii   Swains.     Audul)on,    Birds  of  Amer.,    1.S44, 
vol.  7,  p.  100.  |)1.  4.52.     Egg,  S«-el)ohm,  180(1.  p.  I  Hi.  i)l.  37.  figs.  1.  2. 
Larg«'ly  marine;    iie-«t>^  on  the  gn)und. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant  offshore;  casual  in  summer.  May- 
June;    (July)  .\ug.-Oct. 


10 


FAUNA  OF  NEAY  ENGLAND. 


LONGIPENNES. 


STERCORARIID.AE. 


N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant  offshore.     Sept. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  \isitor  offshore; 
rare  in  winter.     May  31-Oct.  14  (Jan.,  Feb.). 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant  offshore:  Charlestown  Beach,  three,  Sept. 
2,  1897. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant  offshore:  Bridgeport;  Portland,  fall, 
1875. 

18.     Stercorarius  longicaudus  Vieillot. 

Long-tailed   jaeger;    BufEon's   jaeger  or   skua;    Marlinspike; 
Whiptail. 

Vieill.,  Xouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  1819,  vol.  32,  p.  157.  "le  xord 
DE  l'Europe,  de  l'Asie  et  de  l'Amerique." 

Lestris  'parasiticus  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844, 
vol.  7,  p.  192,  pi.  453.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  117,  pi.  37,  fig.  5. 

Largely  marine;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  offshore. 

Vt. —  Accidental  migrant:  West  Castleton,  Sept.  7,  1877. 
Mass. —  Rare  migrant.     Spring;  Aug.  24-Sept.  29. 
Conn. —  Rare  or  accidental  visitor:    Community  Lake,  Walling- 
ford,  Aug.  30,  1873. 

LARIDAE. 


19.     Pagophila  alba  (Gunnerus)  Coues. 

Ivory  gull. 

Larus  alhus  Gunn.,  in  Leem's  Beskriv.  Finmark.  Lapp.,  1767, 
p.  285  (note).     Northern  Norway. 

Larus  eburneus  Gmel.     Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7 
p.  150,  pi.  445.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  115,  pi.  32,  fig.  3. 

Arctic  seas,  following  the  pack  ice;  nests  on  rocky  cliff's. 


AVES.  1 1 

U)X(iIl'EXNE8. 

LAUIUAE. 

Mk. —  The  lioardiiijiii  nconl  nlVrs  to  a  New  Brunswick  speci- 
men. 

Mass. —  Accidental  winter  visitor:    Mononioy  Id..  l>»c.  1,  ISSO. 

L'O.      UissA    1  Hil)A(  1^  LA   (Linne)   Honajjarte. 

Kittiwake;    Frost-bird;    Jack  gull;    Meterick;    Pinny  owl   or 
Pinyole;    Snow  gull;    Winter  gull. 

Jjinis  tridacti/liis  Linn^,  Sy.st.  nat.,  nl.  10.  1 7oS,  vol.  1,  \<.  VSi). 
"i.\  EiKoi'A  s^:I'T^:^TRIONALI."  Audubon,  Hird.s  of  Ainer.,  1844. 
vol.  7,  p.  14().  pi.  444.  Efig.  Sanuiels,  Orniih.  and  ool.  \.  Iv,  1S07, 
pi.  4.  H--  •■i- 

Maritime;    ncsts  on  .sea  cliffs. 

Me.^ — Common  fall  and  winter  visitor  offshore;  casual  inland, 
and  in  summer.  Xov.-A|)ril  (June;  July  11,  1903,  Jericho  Bay, 
l.arrcn  l)ird;    Jidy  14,  1007.  oil"  Portland). 

N.  II. —  Common  tail  and  winter  visitor  offshore.  Nov.  1- 
sprin^. 

Vt. —  Ran'  winter  visitor:  Kno.shur^'  Falls,  Nov.  12,  I'JOd; 
St.  .\ll)an.s;  St.  Johnsbury. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  fall  and  winter  visitor  offshore,  casual  inland. 
Sept.  (i-Mar.  10. 

K.  I. —  Common  fall  and  winter  \isitor  offshore.     Nov. -Mar.  23. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  fall  and  winter  visitor  offshore.  Fall- 
April  14. 

21.     Laui  s  iivi'KRitoRF.i's  Gunucrus. 

Glaucous  gull;    Burgomaster;    Owl  gull;    White  minister. 

Gunnerus,  in  I^eni'.s  Beskriv.  Finnuirk.  Lapp.,  17(17,  p.  220 
(note).  I>.  283  (note).      No  ioi  ality. 

Larus  glaucii.t  Briinii.  Audnljon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7, 
p.  170.  pi.  449.     Kfij;,  Seebohm,  1890,  p.  112,  pi.  32,  fi^rs.  4,  5. 

Seacoasts;    n<'sts  on  cliffs. 


12  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LONGIPENNES. 

LARIDAE. 

^Ie. —  Rare  winter  A-isitor.     Late  Xov.-April  27. 

X.  H. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  Hampton,  about  Feb.  20,  1880, 
and  in  ^lay. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Rare  winter  A-isitor.  Nov.  29-April  23  (May  26,  1907, 
Ipswich). 

R.  I. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  Newport,  ■Nlar.  12,  1900  (three): 
Dec.  1901. 

22.     Larus  LErcoPTERUS  Faber. 

Iceland  gull;    White-winged  gull. 

Faber,  Prodr.  Isl.  ornith.,  1822,  p.  91.     "im  Winter nach 

Island."     Saunders,  Cat.  birds  British  mus.,  1896,  vol.  25,  p.  296. 
Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7,  pi.  447.     Egg,  Seebohm 
1896,  p.  113,  pi.  33,  fig.  3. 

Seacoasts;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  winter  \'isitor.     Xov.-April. 

Mass. —  Rare  winter  \'isitor.     Xov.  4-]Mar.  20. 

Coxx. —  Rare  winter  ^-isitor:    Stamford,  Feb.  16,  1894. 

23.     Larus  kumliexi  Brewster. 

Kumlien's  gull;    Lesser  glaucous-winged  gull. 

Brewst.,  Bull.  Xuttall  ornith.  club,  1883,  vol.  8,  p.  216.  "Cum- 
berland Sound,  Arctic  America."  Dwight,  Auk,  1906,  vol.  23, 
p.  36-41,  pi.  1,  figs. 

Coastwise;    breeds  on  Arctic  coasts. 

Me. —  Probably  occasional  winter  \-isitor:    near  Eastport  (may 

have  been  X.  B.);  "seen"  in  Portland  Harbor  and  at  Scarborough. 

Mass. —  Rare  Avinter  visitor:    Boston  Harbor,  Feb.  22,   1905; 


AVES.  13 

I.ONT.irKNNKS. 

LAKlDAi:. 

Plymouth.  .laii.  .").  1S88  (I)\vi<;lit.  iininainn');    Boston  and  Swanip- 
scott.  two  or  nion-.  !)»•<•.  29.  1«M)7-Mar.  i:^.  \\M^. 

Coxx. —  Hart'  winter  visitor:  Stamford.  Kch.  KJ,  1S94  (Dwight, 
immatnn*)- 

24.     Laius  M  vKixrs  Liiiii(''. 

Great  black-backed  gull;    Black-back;    Black  minister;    Coffin 
carrier;    Ghost-bird;    Minister;    Saddle-back. 

\Aim6,  Syst.  nat..  .-d.  10.  17.58,  vol.  1.  p.  130.  "i\  Euhopa." 
Andnl)on,  Birds  of  Anicr.,  1844.  vol.  7.  ]>.  172,  pi.  4.')().  E<j<:, 
Capcn,  188(»,  })1.  22,  fig.s.  2.  3. 

St'acoa.sts;   nt'.st.s  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  winttr  rt-sident;  casual  sunnntT 
visitor.     S('j)t.  21-.\|iril   (>iiiiini»r). 

.\.  II. —  Common  winter  rt'.sidt-nt  coa.stwi.se,     Oct.  15-sj)ring. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  winter  resident  coa.sttN'ise ;  a  few  non-hreeding 
hirds  summer.     Late  Aug.-May  1    (summer). 

K.  1. — ■  ('(jnnnon  winter  resident  coastwise.     Aug.  2(3-.\pril  23. 

CoN.v. —  UneommoM  winter  resident  coastwise.     Fall-Mar. 

2."3.       LaIU  S  AlUiK.NTATlS   rollloppidau. 

Herring  gull;    Gray  gull;    Sea  gull;    Winter  gull. 

l'ontop|).,  Danske  atlas,  17()3,  vol.  I,  |).  (122.  No  locality. 
.VuduhoM.  Birds  of  Ainer.,  1S44,  vol.  7.  p.  1<»3,  |)1.  lis.  Hgg, 
(^apcn,  188(),  pi.  22.  fig.  4-0. 

S<'acoa.sts.  large  rivers  and  lakes;  nests  on  the  ground  or  ran-ly 
in   trees. 

Mk. —  Ahundant  n-sident,  l»reeding  mainly  on  outer  islands, 
rarely  on  inland  lakes.  Kggs.  (May  14)  .lune  12-.Iidy  18  (Aug. 
19)." 


14 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


LONGIPENNES. 


LARIDAE. 


X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  Avinter  resident;  less  common 
summer  A-isitor  coastwise. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  summer  resident  (Lake 
Champlain). 

^NIass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  less  common 
summer  A-isitor  coastwise;  not  now  known  to  breed  (nested  at 
Wepecket  Id.,  1882,  Mackay). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coast- 
wise; a  few  non-breeding  birds  summer.  Sept.  10-May  22; 
summer. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coast- 
wise;  a  few  non-breeding  birds  summer.     Oct.-May;   summer. 


26.     Larus  delaw'arexsis  Ord. 

Ring-billed  gull. 
Ord,    Guthrie's    Geogr.,    hist.,    and   commercial   grammar,    2d 
Amer.  ed.,   1815,   vol.   2,  p.  319.     "ox  the  Delaw^vre  below 
Philadelphia."     Chapman,    Handb.    birds    east.     Xo.    Amer., 

1895,  p.  73. 

Larus  zonorhijnchus   Richardson.     Audubon,    Birds   of  Amer., 

1844,  vol.  7,  p.  152,  pi.  446. 
Seacoasts;   nests  on  the  ground. 

]\Ie.,    X.    H. —  Uncommon   migrant   and   rare   winter  resident 
coastwise.     Mar.-April;    Oct.-Xov.   (winter). 

Mass. —  Uncommon     migrant    coastwise.     Spring;      July     17- 

Oct.  30. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident.     Xov.-April. 
Coxx. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident. 


AVES.  15 

L()N(;ii'i:\m;s. 

LA  HI  DAK. 

27.  Laris  ATHirii.i.A  I.ini)<^. 

Laughing  gull;    Black-headed  gull;    Black-poll. 

Limit'.  Sy.st.  nat.,  cd.  10.  17.>8.  vol.  1.  p.  i:i«i.  "Amkkica." 
Audubon.  Birds  of  Anur..  1S44,  vol.  7,  p.  13(^  pi.  113.  Kjt^, 
Cayx'n.  1880.  pi.  23.  %.  1-3. 

St'ac'oast.s;   ne.st.s  on  the  <rrouiul. 

Mk. —  Rare  .sunnncr  n'.sidi'nt  (Mctinic  Gn'cn  Id..  Wi-strrn  Ejjg 
Rock).     (Late  April)-Sept.     Eggs.  June  30-July  5. 

Vt.—  Ran-  visitor:   Bristol.  May,  1883;    St.  Albans. 

Ma.'^.s. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  south  of  Cape  Cod  (Mu.s- 
kepet  Id.;  formerly  at  Egg  Rock,  Xahant);  elsewhere  a  rare  visitor. 
May  7-Oet.  1  (late  Nov.).     Eggs,  June  7-July  10. 

R.  I. —  Rare  summer  \'i.sitor:  S(»akonnet  Point,  Sept..  1884;  Sea- 
konnet  Point.  Aug.  24.  1003. 

CoN.v. —  Rare  summer  \i.sitor;   may  breed  rarely. 

28.  Laru.s  PHILADELPHIA  (Ord)  Gray. 

Bonaparte  s  gull. 

Sterna  philadclphia  Ord,  Guthrie's  Geogr.,  hi^t..  and  connuer- 
«ial  grammar,  2d*  Anier.  ed..  ISl,^.  vol.  2.  p.  31*.).  No  localitv; 
probably  Philadp:lphia. 

Imtus  honafxirtii  Richardson.  .Vudubon.  Birds  f)f  .\incr..  1844, 
vol.  7.  p.  131.  pi.  442.     Egg.  S<'ebohm.  18<M),  |).  KM),  pi.  3(i.  fig.  7. 

Salt  and  fn'sh  water;  nests  on  .stumps  or  in  low  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant,  rare  in  winter.  .\pril-June  20;  July 
25-Nov.  20  (winter). 

.\.  II. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  winter  resi<lcnt  eoastwi.se. 
May;    Aug.  3-C)ct.  20  (winter). 

\  T. —  Rare  migrant;    ?  "summer  re.sident." 

Ma.s.«<.-  Comm«)n  migrant,  nuiinly  <oastwi.s«',  and  rare  winter 
resident.     M.ir.  !(►  .lune  3;    July  24   .Nov.  2.')  (winter). 


16  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LONGIPENNES. 

LAIIIDAE. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  winter  resident.  Aug. 
5-May  22. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  in  fall.  Aug.  1-Xov.;  (win- 
ter ?)- April  21. 

29.  Xeaia  sabinii  (Sabine)  Leach. 

Sabine's  gull;    Fork-tailed  gull. 

Larus  sabinii  J.  Sab.,  Trans.  Linn.  soc.  London,  1818,  vol.  12, 
p.  520,  pi.  29.  "west  coast  of  Greenl.\nd.  ..  .latitude  75° 
29'  N.,  AND  LONGITUDE  60°  9'  W."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1844,  vol.  7,  p.  127,  pi.  441.  Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  j).  105,  pi.  36, 
fig.  8.  _ 

Arctic  seas  and  coasts;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Brothers  Id.,  near  Portlantl,  Sept.  22, 
1899;   Scarborough,  May  31,  1877;    (nee  Calais,  1878). 

Mass. — ^Accidental  ^^sitor:  Boston  Harbor,  Sept.  27,  1874; 
Cape  Cod,  1888;   North  Truro,  Aug.  21,  1889. 

R.  L —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

30.  Gelochelidon   nilotica    (Hasselquist)    Stejneger. 

Gull-billed  tern;    Marsh  tern. 

Sterna  nilotica  Hassekj.,  Reise  nach  Pal.,  deutsch.  ausg.,  1762, 
p.  325.     [Nile  River,  Ecjypt]. 

Sterna  anglica  Montagu.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol. 
7,  p.  81,  pi.  430.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  99,  pi.  31,  figs.  6,  8. 

Seacoasts;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor,  several  instances.  March;  May  21; 
Sept. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:   Ipswich,  Sept.  1871. 
R,  I. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 


AVI-S.  17 

LO.\r,II'KX\ES. 

LARIDAE. 

31.  Stkrna  CASPiA  Pallas. 

Caspian  tern;   Squawker. 

Pallas.  Nov.  comm.  pctrop.,  1770,  vol.  14.  j)i.  1.  p.  582.  pi.  22, 
fig.  2.  "mark  caspil.m  kt  circa  ostum  Iaici."  DrcssiT,  Birds 
of  EiirojH'.  1S71-81.  vol.  8.  pi.  [584].  Egg,  Se.'bohin,  18!)0.  p.  100, 
pi.  31,  fig.  2. 

Sterna  tschrgrava  Lepccli.  Chapman,  Ilaiidl).  birds  east.  No. 
Aincr.,  180.5,  p.  79.  fig.  01,  a. 

Scac'oasts  and  lakes;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Mk. —  Rare  migrant.     May  11;   .Vug.-Sept.  (Get.  16). 
X.  II. —  Hare  migrant:    Hampton,  1899. 

Ma.s.s. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  Early  May; 
Aug.  8-Si-pt.  20. 

H.I. —  Rare  migrant.     May  10;    July  27-Oet. 

32.  .*^ti:k\a  maxima  Hoddaeri. 

Royal  tern;    Cayenne  tern. 

Bodd.,  Tabl.  d.  planch,  enluni.  d'hist.  nat.,  1783,  p.  58.  Based 
on  Butlun:  "Caykxn'e."  Chapman.  Ilandb.  birds  east.  Xo. 
Amer.,  1895,  p.  79,  fig.  01,  h. 

Sterna  cai/ana  Lath,  .\udnboii.  Birds  of  Amer..  1844,  vol.  7, 
p.  70.  pi.  421». 

Seacoasts  anil  lagoons;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Mas.s. —  Accidental  visitor:  Chatham,  July  29,  1889;  Ipswich, 
•Inly  17,  1904;    Xantuckct,  -luly  1,    1874. 

33.  Stkrxa  saxdvicp:\.si.s  acuflavida  (Cabot)  Ridgway. 

Cabot's  tern. 

Sterna  acuflavida  Cabot,  Proc.  Boston  soe.  nat.  hist.,  1847,  vol. 
2,  ]).  257.     "Tancah,  ox  the  Coa.st  of  Yucatan." 


18  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LONGIPENNES. 

LARIDAE. 

Sterna  cantiaca  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amcr.,  1S44,  vol.  7. 
p.  87,  pi.  431. 

Seacoasts;   nests  on  the  ground. 

M.\ss. —  Accidental  Aisitor:  Chatham,  Aug.,  1865;  Monomoy 
Id.,  Oct.  2,  1888. 

34.  Sterxa  forsteri  Xuttall. 

Forster's  tem. 

Nuti.,  Manual  ornith.  U.  S.  and  Canada,  1834,  vol.  2,  p.  274. 
Based  onForster:  "  Churchill  River,"  Hudsox  Bay.  Saunders, 
Cat.  birds  British  mus.,  1896,  vol.  25,  p.  47. 

Sterna  havellii  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7,  p.  103, 
pi.  434. 

Marshes  and  sea  coasts ;  nests  in  grassy  marshes. 

Mass. —  Rare  fall  migrant.     Aug.-Oct.  2. 

35.  Sterna  hirl-xdo  Linne. 

Common   tern;    Mackerel  gull;    Medrake   or    Medrick;    Red- 
shank;  Sea  swallow;   Summer  gull;    Wilson's  tem. 

■  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10, 1758,  vol.  1,  p.  137.  "Europa."  Chap- 
man, Handb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  81,  fig.  61,  c;  Audu- 
bon, Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7,  p.  97,  pi.  433.  Egg,  Ca})en, 
1886,  pi.  23,  figs.  4,  5. 

Seacoasts;  nests  on  sandy  or  pebbly  shores. 

Me.— Abundant  summer  resident  coastwise.  May  3-Sept.  2 
Gate  Sept.).     Eggs,  late  May-Aug.  19. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  coastwise,  casual  inland;  formerly 
summer  resident  at  Isles  of  Shoals.     ^lay;   Aug.-Sept. 

Vt. —  Rare  \isitor:    Bennington,  May  30,  1907;    St.  Albans. 


AVES.  1 0 

L().\(;iri:NM:8. 

LAHIDAK. 

Mass.  Locally  cruuinon  siiimiuT  rcsuirnt  coastwisf,  c-a.siiul 
iiilaiul;  accidriital  in  winter  (Woods  Holt-,  .Ian.  17,  )*>'.•  I,  l*'»'l). 
2U,  IS'Jl).  May  1  ()<t.  M)  (Nov.  U,  wintrrj.  Kji^'s.  May  20- 
Jiily  liO. 

R.  I.-  ("oiiimoii  Miinmcr  n^iilciit  coastwi.sc.  May  l()-()<-t.  G. 
Kjjjjs,  June  5-.Iuly  11. 

Coxx. —  C'oiniiion  local  .siinmicr  n'sidciit  coastwi.se.  Kggs, 
June  20. 

3().     Stkrxa  paradls.xka  Bruniiich. 

Arctic  tern. 

Hriinn..  ( )rnith.  horrali-s.  17(t4,  p.  Ki.  "  Chri.stiaxsoe,"  Dkn- 
MAUK.  (Iiapnian.  Handh.  birds  east.  No.  Amcr.,  1S0.5,  p.  82,  fig. 
61.  (I. 

Sfrnin  arrtira  'IVmin.  .Viidiihon.  Birds  of  Anier..  l.'^44,  mA.  7, 
p.  107.  |)1.  A:H\.     E^j;.  ra|)en,  ISSO.  |>1.  2:^.  fijj.  G-S. 

S<'a(*)asfs;    nests  on  the  f;roun«l. 

Mk. —  C'oninion  summer  n-sident  coastwise.  May-Sept.  Efjfjs, 
June  2S. 

Ma.s,s.—  L'ncommon  lo<'al  summer  resident  coastwise;  ocea- 
.sional  inland.     May-Oct. 

Coxx. —  Mi;;ranf. 

37.     Stki{\a  Dole;  VI  I  I  Muiiia>;u. 

Roseate  tern;    Mackerel  gull. 

Montaj;u,  Ornith.  diet..  su|)|)l..  ISlii,  j».  [3S0],  1  pi.  "wk.st 
HlfJHi.AXD.s  OF  ScoTLAXD."  Chapman.  Ilandl).  hirds  east.  No. 
Anier..  1895.  p.  8.3,  fig.  (11.  r;  l)nss«r.  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81, 
vol.  S.  pi.  [.>S1].     Egg.  Capen.  LSKli.  pi.  23.  fig.  9-11. 

Seacoast.s;    ne.sts  on  .sandy  or  p«'l)l)ly  shores. 


20 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


LONGIPENNES. 


LARIDAE. 


Me. —  Rare  summer  visitor  coastwise;  not  certainly  known  to 
breed.     Mav-Aiig.  31. 

N.  H. —  Formerly  rare  summer  resident  at  Isles  of  Shoals. 

Mass. —  Locally  common  summer  resident  coastwise.  May  1- 
Oct.  4.     Eggs,  May  20-July  30. 

R.  I.—  Common  migrant  and  summer  ^'isitor;  not  known  to 
nest.     May-Oct. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  Eggs, 
June  20. 

38.     Sterna  antillarum  (Lesson)  Cones. 

Least  tern;    Little  striker;    Oyt. 

Sternula  antillarum  Less.,  Descr.  mamm.  et.  ois.,  1847,  p.  256. 
"Antilles.  . .  .  principalement  Guadeloupe." 

Sterna  minuta  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7, 
p.  119,  pi.  439.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  23,  fig.  12-14. 

Seacoasts  and  lakes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Formerly  Tare  summer  resident  in  Casco  Bay. 

N.  H. —  Rare  migrant:   Hampton. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  summer  resident,  from  Cape  Cod  south 
(formerly  at  Ipswich);  elsewhere  now  casual.  (April  27)  May  4- 
Oct.     Eggs,  May  31- June  29. 

R.  I. — -  Now  rare  but  formerly  a  more  common  summer  visitor 
coastwise.     -Aug.  20. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant  and  summer  visitor,  formerly  common. 

'^O.     Sterna  fuscata  Linne. 


Sooty  tern;    Egg-bird. 
Linne,   Syst.  nat.,  ed.   12,  1766,   vol.    1,  p.  228.     "in  Insula 

DOMINICENSI." 


AVES.  21 

LOXCIPKNNKS. 

LAI!  I  DAK. 

Sterna  fu/i'f/ino.'<a  Laili.     AiKliilxtii,  Hirds  of  Aiiicr..  1844.  \(il.  7, 
p.  00,  j)l.  4:i2.     E^^.  S«'('l)()liiM.  iSiXi.  |).  104,  |)1.  ;i(),  fig.  4-0. 
Sc'acoa.sts;    nr.sts  on  sandy  shores. 

Mk.— A(  ridnitiil  \i>it(ir:    I'arkiMiin.  ()ft.  .").  187S. 

N.  II.  —  Accidt'iital  visitor:  .Xcwiiiarki't,  ahout  Sept.  14,  1878; 
(nrr   Lake  \Vii)iU'|)('sauk<'c). 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:  Lake  Chainplain,  early  Sept.  1870; 
Untland.    1S70. 

M  \.ss. —  Accidental  visitor:  ("liathani.  Sept.  1877;  I.,awrence, 
Oct.  21),  1S70:    Willianistown.  Se|)t.  1870. 

U.  1. —  Accidental  visit<jr:  (?)  Newj)ort.  1S77;  Toiiit  .Iiiditli, 
Sept.  1870;   Woonsoeket,  July  10,  18!)7. 

C'oN.N. —  Accidental  vi.sitor.     Sept. 

40.     Hydkochkijdox  xigi{.\  .sukixamensis  (Gmelin)  Stejneger. 

Black  tern. 
Slmia  .turinamruyi.s-  (iinel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1.  pt.  2,  p.  604. 

"SlUIXAM." 

Strnia  UKjin  Linne.  .\n<liilioii.  Birds  of  Auicr..  1N44.  \()1.  7, 
p.  110,  pi.  4:is. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;    nests  iu  fri-sh  marshes. 

Mk. —  Rare  fall  migrant.     Aug.  14-28. 

X.  H. —  I'ncommon  migrant,  mainly  coasiwise.  June  10; 
Ang.  24   .Se|)t.  :iO. 

\t.— -Hare  migrant:    Lake  Homo>cen,  Jnne  0,  ISSii. 

Mas.s. —  Hare  spring  and  uncommon  early  fall  migrant.  .Iiine 
7-10;    (.Inly  11)  Aug.  8-Sept.  20. 

K.  I.  rncoinmon  migrant,  mainly  in  fall,  coast\vi>e.  Spring; 
.Inly  M)  .Sept.    18. 

('u\x.— rn<«)mmon  migrant  coastwise,  mainly  in  fall.     Ang.  24. 


22  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LONGIPENNES. 

RYNCHOPIDAE. 

41.  Rynchops  nigra  Linne. 

Black  skimmer;    Cut-water;   Scissor-bill;   Sea-crow;    Sea-dog; 
Razor-bill. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.   10,   1758.  vol.   1,  p.   138.     "America. 
Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7,  p.  67,  pi.  428. 
Seacoasts;  nests  on  sandy  shores. 

Me. —  Accidental  A-isitor:  Matinicus  Id.;  off  Saco,  Aug.  31, 
1879;  Washington  Co.;    Wells  Bay. 

Mass. —  Occasional  summer  visitor  coastwise,  said  to  have 
bred  about  1830  at  Muskeget  Id.;  casual  inland  (Springfield). 
July  16-Aug.  19. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:    Stonington   (Linsley). 

TUBINARES. 

PROCELLARIIDAE. 

42.  FuLMARUS  GLACiALis  (Linne)  Stephens. 

Fulmar;    Marbleheader;    Noddy;    Oil-bird. 
Procellaria   glaciali-s    Linne,  Fauna    Suec,    ed.   2,    1701,   ]).   51. 

"iX     MARI     SEPTENTR.     INTRA     CIRCULU-M     ARCTICUM."      Audubon, 

Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7,  p.  204,  pi.  455.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896, 
p.  73,  pi.  20,  fig.  5. 

Mainly  pelagic;  nests  in  shallow  burrows  or  on  cliffs. 

Me. —  Rare  winter  A-isitor  offshore:  "coast  of  Maine,"  March, 
1879. 

Mass.^  Rare  fall  and  winter  \nsitor  offshore:  Georges  Bank. 
Oct.  28-winter. 


AVES.  23 

TIIUN  \i{i;s. 

rR(K'i:LI.AKIlUAE. 

4'.i.     PlKKlNls  ii(»KKAlJs  (.'ory. 

Cory's  shearwater. 
Cory.    Hull.    Nuttall  oniiih.  cliil).    ISSl,   vol.   ('..   p.  84.     ".nkau 

("llATIlWI    Isl.ANM,   CaTK  Col),   MaSS.  " 

I'ilap<-;    nest  iiiikiiown. 

Mass. —  I'licrdiunoii  sinmiicr  and  fall  visitor  oH'shorc.  Aufj.  2- 
Nov. 

R.  I. —  I'licoimiion  siiiniiH  T  aini  tall  \isitf»r  oMsliorc  Au<j.  15— 
Oct.  20. 

44.      Pin-lNis  (JHAVis  (O'Rrilly)  .'^alvin. 

Greater  shearwater;    Hag;    Hagdon. 

I'ltxrl/aria  (jmvis  ()'Ktilly,  ( JnciilaiKl.  adjaccni  Ma.>,  and 
northwest  pass.,  IMS.  |».  110,  pi.  12,  fii;.  1.  "  i.atitidk  OF  Cape 
Kahkwki-i.  and  Statf.x  Hook,"  (Jhkkm.wd. 

Piijfiinis  rinrrru.s  Lath,  .\uduhon,  Birds  of  Anicr.,  1844,  vol.  7, 
p.  212.  pi.    l.")(;. 

l'i-la^i<-;    nest  and  c^^^s  unknown. 

Mk. —  Coininoii  suinnuT  visitor  oHshorc     .Vnj;.  ID. 
.\.  11.    -  Sn miner  visitor  oH'shorc:   Portsnionih. 
Mass. —  (\)niinon    suinnier    and    fall    visitor    oflshore;     casual 
iiilan<l  (Dover).     -May  2()-Nov.  (  ?  Dec.  M). 

\{.  I.      riiconimon  sununer  and  fall  visitor  offshore. 
('o\\.       rnconinion  suninier  and  fall  visitor  offshore. 

1.")      i'l  I  I  IMS  t;i{isKLs  (Gnielin)  Finsch. 

Sooty  shearwater;    Black  hag  or  hagdon. 

(i«»iiinan.  .Monou'r.  pttnls.  1*.»((S.  pi.  2.  |).  1  I.'),  pi.  .'JS. 
Prut-rllarid  (jriurn  (Jniel.,  Syst.  nat.,    17SS,  vol.    !,  ]»t.  2,  p.  .")iil. 
"IN    MKMISI'HAKKIO  AISTKAI.I,  INTKU  :i5°   &  .')()°." 
I'<  la<:ic;    nests  in  Itnrrows  on  sea  islands. 


24  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

TUBINARES. 

PROCELLARIIDAE. 

Me. —  Common  summer  \-isitor  oflFshore.     ]May-summer. 
Mass. —  Common   summer   and   fall    visitor   offshore.     (Mar.) 

July  4-Oct. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  summer  visitor  offshore.  (Mar.  28)  May- 
Sept. 

46.  Aestrelata  hasitata  (Kuhl)  Coues. 

Black-capped  petrel;    Diablotin. 

Procellaria  hasitata  Kuhl,  Beitr.  z.  zool.,  1820,  pt.  2,  p.  142. 
No  locality. 

Oestrelata  haesitata  (Kuhl).  Godman,  Monogr.  petrels,  1908. 
pt.  3,  p.  184,  pi.  49. 

Mainly  pelagic;   nests  in  burrows  on  islands. 

N.  H. —  Accidental  visitor:   Pittsfield,  about  Aug.  30,  1893. 
Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:   last  of  August.  1893  (place  unknown). 

47.  Daptiox  capensis  (Linne)  Stephens. 

Pintado  petrel;    Cape  pigeon. 

Salvin,  Cat.  birds  British  mus.,  1896,  vol.  25,  p.  428.  Gould, 
Birds  of  Australia,  1848,  vol.  7,  pi.  53. 

Procellaria  capensis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1.  p.  132. 
"ad  Cap[item]  b[oxae]  Spei." 

Pelao-ic;   nests  in  burrows  on  islands  of  southern  hemisphere. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Lake  Mooseluckmeguntic,  Sept.  1872 
(nee  Harpswell). 

48.  OcEANOBROMA  LEUCORHOA  (Vieillot)  Stejneger. 

Leach's  petrel;    Carey  chicken;    Mother  Carey's  chicken. 

Procellaria  leucorhoa  Vieill.,  Xouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  1817.  vol, 
25,  p.  422.     "les  bords  maritimes  de  la  Picardie,"  France. 


AVES.  25 

TlBlNAUhS. 

I'liUCKLLAHllDAL. 

TlinldxtiflronM     Irarhii    'IVmiii.     Aiidiiboii,     IJirds     ol"     Aincr., 
184-1.  vol.  7.  |).  2I'.».  |>1.  l.V.t.     Ejr«r.  Capcn.  1880.  pi.  24,  fij;.  1. 
Pclajiic;    iK'sts  in  colonics  on  islands,  in  hnrrows. 

Mk. —  Abundant  sunnncr  resident  on  outer  islands  from  Casco 
Bay  north.     May-Oci.  I'i.     Kj;j;s.  June  lO-Aug.  \U. 

N.  II. —  Common  miijrant  offshore;  occasional  inland  in  fall. 
Spring- Nov. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:    T^ake  ("ham|>laiu. 

M.\ss. —  Common  migrant  oH'shore;  ca.sual  inland  in  fall. 
June  21;    Se|)t.  1-Xov.  2.'). 

K.  I. —  Uncommon  migraiu  oHsliorc.     June  9;   .\ug.  29-Oct.  14. 

CoXN. —  Uncommon  migrant  oH'shorc,  casual  inland.     Oct.  27. 

49.     OcE.W'iTE.s  ocE.XNicus  (Kuhl)  Lichten.stein. 

Wilson's  petrel;    Mother  Carey's  chicken. 

Procrllaria  oceanica  Kuhl.  lieitr.  z.  zool.,  1820,  pt.  2,  |).  l.'iH,  f)l. 
10,  fig.  1.     Xo  locality  given. 

TJialas.tidromu  wihonii  Bonap.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1S44.  vol.  7,  p.  223.  pi.  4()0. 

Pelagic;    nests  within  Antarctic  circle,  in  burrows. 

Me. —  Common  .summer  visitor  offshore;  casual  inland  (near 
Augusta).     June-Si*pt.    17. 

X.  II. —  Common  summer  visitor  offshore. 

Vt. —  .\c<i<lental  visitor:  St.  Albans  (may  have  beiii  I).  Icu- 
corlioa). 

Mass. —  Conunon  sununer  visitor  olfshon-.     June   17  .'^ept.  23. 

K.  I. —  Conimon  summer  visitor  offshore.     July-. Vug. 

CoNX. —  Uncommon  summer  visitor  offshore. 


26  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

STEGANOPODES. 

SULIDAE. 

50.  SuLA  LEUCOGASTRA  (Bo(ldaert)  Sclater  &  Salvin. 

Booby;    Booby  gannet. 

Pelecanus  leacogader  Bodd.,  Tabl.  d.  planch,  enlum.  d'hist. 
nat.,  1783,  p.  57.     Based  on  Buffon. 

Sida  fusca  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7,  p. 
57,  pi.  426. 

Seacoasts;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:    Cape   Cod,   about  Sept.    17,    1878 
{7iec  Essex  Co.). 
Conn. —  Linsley's  record  (Guilford)  said  to  refer  to  S.  bassana. 

51.  SuLA  BASSANA  (Linne)  Boie. 

Gannet;   Solan  goose;    White  gannet. 

Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol.  7,  p.  44,  pi.  425.  Egg, 
Seebohm,  1896,  p.  69,  pi.  19,  fig.  4. 

Pelecanus  hassanus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  133. 
"in  Scotia,  America." 

Coastwise;  nests  in  colonies  on  a  few  rocky  islets  of  North 
Atlantic. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant.     Aj)ril-May;    Sept.-Oct.  9. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  ofi'shorc.  ]\Iar.  26-June  7;  Aug.  3- 
Dec.  21. 

R.  L — Uncommon  migrant  offshore.  April-May  16;  Sept.  10- 
Oct.  26. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant  offshore. 


AVES.  27 

STECANoroPFS. 

PHALACROCOKACIDAE. 

52.  PnALACROcoRAX  CARRO  (Linn<^)  I><'ach. 

Cormorant;    Common  cormorant;    Shag;  Taunton  shag;    Taun- 
ton turkey. 

Aii(lul»()i».  Birds  of  AiiHT.,  1843.  vol.  (»,  |).  l\2,  pi.  115.  Coue.s, 

Key  No.  Aincr.  birds,  rd.  5,  1903.  vol.  L*.  p.  DOS.  Efjj;,  Capen, 
188().  pi.  -M.  fij;.  S. 

Prhrmms  rarhn  Linii^'.  .Svst.  nut.,  cd.   10.   1758,  vol.    1.  |).   133. 

"l\    El'ROPA." 

Salt  water  iiiaiiijy;  nest.s  in  colonics  on  sea  cliffs. 

Mf..- — Coinmoii  iiii^raiit  ami  unconinioii  winter  resident.  Oct.- 
April  20. 

Vt. —  Rare  ini<;raiit:    Uiitland.   18(17. 

Ma.s,s. —  I'neoninion  niiirrant  and  rare  winter  resilient  coa.stwi.se. 
Aj)ril-May  14;  Sept.  22-Xov.  (winter). 

li.  I. —  I'neoninion  iiii<jraiit  and  winter  resident.  Sept.  15- 
(June  3). 

Cox.\. —  Uncommon  nii^nuit  anil   winter  resident.     Fall-May. 

53.  I'll AI.ACUOCOKA.V   AlKITLS   (IvCS.SOIl)   (jraiit. 

Double-crested  cormorant;    Shag;    Taunton  turkey. 
Carlo  (luriius  I^-ss.,  Traite  d'ornitli..  1831.  vol.  1.  p.  005.     "Xou- 

VELLK-Z<CLA\I)F.."[!] 

I'hdlnmx-ora.r  dilophu.s  Cones,  Key  No.  Anier.  hirds.  ed.  5,  li)03, 
vol.  2.  j).  U<i3.  \v^.  070;  .Vudiihon.  Drnitli.  hiojjr.,  1835,  vol.  3.  pi. 
257.     Eg^'.  ("ajx-n,  1880.  pi.  22.  %'.  1. 

Coastal;    nests  in  colonies  on  sea  elilVs. 

.Mk. —  Coinnion  iiii<;rant;  rare  winter  and  siinnner  (Hlaek  IIor.se 
I^-dfTf)   resid<-iit.     Ep^s,   June   23-July  3. 

N.  H. —  rneoininon  inifjrant  eoastwi.se;  occasional  inland. 
Sprinj;;   Oct. 


28 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


STEGANOPODES. 


rilALACROCOKACIDAE. 


Vt. —  Rare  migrant:  Burlington,  Nov.;  Cambridge,  Dec; 
Windsor. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  coastwise.  April  4-June  18 
(July  7);   Aug.  22-Nov.  24. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  coastwise.  April  22-May  22; 
(Aug.  21)  Sept.  16-Xov. 

CoNX. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  coastwise.  April-May; 
mid-July-Xov.  13. 

PELECANIDAE. 

54.     Pf:LECAXUS  ERYTHRORHYXCHOS  Gmelin. 

American  white  pelican. 
Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.   1,  ])t.  2,  p.  571.     "ix  America 

SEPTEXTRIONALI." 

Pelecanus  americanus  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol,  7, 
p.  20,  pi.  422. 

Salt  and  fresh  water;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Calais;  Eliot,  pair,  June  8,  1897; 
Saponic  Lake,  ISIay  28,  1892. 

N.  H. —  Formerly  a  A-isitor  (Belknap). 

Mass.^ — Accidental  ^•isitor:  Gloucester,  1886;  North  Scituate, 
Oct.  5,  1876;    Sandwich,  May  13,  1905. 


55.     Pelecaxus  occidextalis  (Linne)  Richmond. 

Brown  pelican. 

Pelecanus  onocrotalus  occidenialis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766, 
vol.  1,  \).  215.     "America." 

Pelecanus  fuscus  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1844,  vol. 
7,  p.  32,  pis.  423,  424. 

Coastal;   nests  on  the  ground  or  in  low  trees. 


WES.  29 

STEGANOPODES. 

I'KLKCANIDAE. 

Mk. —  Tlu-  sii|)jH)S((l  Har  Iliirhor  spctiinrn  was  an  rscajx'  bronpht 
from  South  Aiiit-ric  a. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  (?  Ipswidi.  donhtful);  Nantucket, 
about  1SC.7  (flock  of  Vi). 

Cow. —  Accidental  visitor:    near  New  llaNcn. 

FREGATIDAE. 

oft.     KuKCATA  AQin.A  (Linn^"')  Rcichenl)aeli. 

Man-o'-war  bird;    Frigate-bird;    Man-o'-war  hawk. 
Pilrrnnii.s  (Kfiii/iis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.   10,   IToS,  vol.  1.  j).  133. 

"l\  InsILA  AdSCE.XSIOXIS  ALIISQUK  PELAGICIS." 

Tfirhi/fjrfr.'<  aqiiilu.'<  Linn*'-.  Audubon,  Hirds  of  .\nier.,  1S44, 
vol.  7,  |).  10.  1)1.  421. 

Coastal;   nests  in  colonies,  in  low  tn-is  or  on  >;round. 

Mk. —  Doubtfully  recorded  from  Boothbay. 

Ma.ss. —  Accidental  visitor:  New  Bedford,  Oct.  17,  1S93  (rec- 
ord not  confirmed). 

Cow. —  .\ceidcntal  visitor:    Faulkner's  Id.,  autumn,  18o'.>. 

ANSERES.  • 

AN.VTIDAE. 

57.     -Mkugus  AMKRKvwt  s  Cassin. 

American  Merganser;    Buff-breasted   Merganser;   Goosander; 
Pond  shelldrake. 

Ca.s.sin,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila..  1853,  vol.  0,  |).  187.  Based  on 
Wilson,  no  locality;    jirobably  .New  Jersey  or  Pennsylvania. 

Mrrgu.t  vienjnti.'or  Linn^"'.  .Vtidubon,  liirds  of  .\iner.,  1843, 
vol.  (),  p.  387,  j)l.   111.      \\)i\i.  Capen.  188(),  pi.  IM,  <i^'.  5. 

Mainlv  in  fresh  water;   nests  in  hollow  trees. 


30  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND 

ANSERES. 

ANATIDAE. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident;  less  common 
summer  resident  inland.     Eggs,  late  May-June  19. 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant;  less  common  summer  resident  from 
White  Mts.  north,  and  winter  resident  in  open  streams  south  of 
White  Mts. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident;  rare  winter  resident  in 
open  streams.     Eggs,  June  18. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  on 
freshwater  lakes  and  streams ;  said  to  have  bred  formerly.  Oct.  12- 
May  1;  summer  (Springfield). 

R.  L— Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  on  ponds 
and  rivers.     Nov.-May  2. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  on 
ponds  and  rivers.     Fall-April  17. 

58.     Mergus  serrator  Linne. 

Red-breasted  Merganser;   Shelldrake. 

Linne.  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  129.  "in  Europa." 
Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  6,  p.  395,  pi.  412.  Egg 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  21,  fig.  6. 

Salt  and  fresh  water;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise;  uncom- 
mon summer  resident  on  coastal  islands  or  inland  lakes.  Eggs, 
June  21. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  mainly  coastwise. 
Nov.-April. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant.     April;  Oct. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coastwise; 
a  few  non-breeding  birds  summer  offshore.  Sept.  23-May  26 
(summer). 


AVKS.  31 

ANSERES. 

ANATIDAE. 

K.  I. —  Coinnioii  nii<;raiit  ami  winter  ivsidrnt  coastwise  ;  a  f<w 
nori-bn'('(lin<;  birds  suimiiut  otrshon-.     <)(!.  2!  I  May  lU  (siimincr). 

Conk. —  C'oiiiinon  mitxraiit  and  winter  n'sideiit.  mainly  (•f)ast- 
wise.      Kail   April   It. 

59.     lA)i'iioj)V'n:s  (  r(  I  Li.Aii  s  (I.imie)  iveiiJK  iil)aili. 

Hooded  Merganser;   Hairy-crown;    Hairy-head;    Hooded  shell- 
drake;    Sawbill  diver;    Water  pheasant. 

Mrrgii.t  nirullaiu.s  Linn^,  Sysi.  nat.,  id.  10.  17.')S,  vol.  1,  |).  120. 
"A.MKUICW."  .Vnduhon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  ft,  p.  402.  pi. 
413.     Ej;g,  CajH'n,  18SC).  pi.  21,  fig.  7. 

Fresh  water  mainly;    nests  in  hollow  trees. 

Me. —  Hare  niiifrant  and  summer  resident.  Mar.  iJl-Mav;  sum- 
nier;    S<'pt.-late  Nov. 

X.  II.  Rare  migrant  and  summer  resident  (Lake  I'ndjagog). 
Mar."Nov. 

Vt. —  Hare  summer  resident.      .Mar.  27-Sept. 

Mas.'^. —  Uncommon  migrant.  Mar.  IS  A|)ril  18;  uVug.  11. 
rand)ridge)  Oct.  7-Xov.  30  (Dec.  22). 

U.  I.-  rncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident.  ( )(t.- 
May. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident.  No\  .- 
Mar.  0. 

r>0.     AvKs  ^I,\TVI^I^  \(  iios  Linne. 

Mallard;    Greenhead;    Wild  mallard. 
Linn^'".  Syst.  nat.,  ed.   10.   1 7.")S.  vol.   1,  p.   12.").     "i\   Kikoi'ak 

.MAKITI.MI.S." 

Ana.s  bo.9rli(iy  h\unO.  .\udul)on.  Birds  of  Amer.,  1S43,  vol.  (1. 
p.  230.  pi.  385. 

Rivers,  ponds,  and  in  migrations,  scacoasts;    nests  in  nuirsiies. 


32  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

ANSERES. 

ANATIDAE. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  and  winter  resident.  April;  Oct.  1-Nov, 
15  (winter). 

N.  H. —  Rare  migrant.     S])ring;   Oct.-Xov.  9. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant;  rare  in  Avinter.  Mar.  27-May  1; 
Sept.  22-Dec.  17  (Dec.  26,  Jan.  9). 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant  and  winter  resident.     Oct  .-April. 

Conn. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  Spring; 
Sept.  30-Xov. 

61.  AxAS  RUBRiPES  (Brewster)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 

Black  duck;    Black  mallard;    Dusky  duck;    Red-legged  black 
duck;  Spring  black  duck;  Winter  black  duck. 

Anas  ohscura rubripes Brewst.,  Auk,  1902,  vol.  19,  p.  184.  "Lake 
Umbagog  (New  Hampshire  shore)." 

Anas  ohscura  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  6,  p. 
244,  pi.  386.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  20,  fig.  10. 

Salt  and  fresh  water;  nests  in  marshes. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  and 
(coastwise)  winter  resident.     Eggs,  April  28  (Me.). 

Yt. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident.  Eggs, 
May. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  (mainly  coast- 
wise);   uncommon  local  summer  resident.     Eggs,  April  19-May. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  rare  summer 
resident.     Sept.  29-jMay;    summer.     Eggs,  May  5-21. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident;  rare  summer 
resident.     Sept.-]May;   summer. 

62.  Chaulelasmus  streperus  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 
Gadwall;    Gray  duck. 

Anas  sire  per  a  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  125.     "in 


AVK8.  33 

ansi:ki:s. 

anatiime. 

EiHoi'AK   Agi  IS    DiLciBis."     Aiuliihoii.    Hinls   of   Aiiicr.,    |si;{, 
vol.  «;,  |).  2r>\,  |.l.  .iSS.     Eg:g.  Secbohm.  18i>(),  p.  37,  pi.  I  1,  fig.  3. 
l-Vcsh  and  salt  watrr;   lU'.st.s  in  marshes. 

-Mk. —  Hare  migrant.     April  2!>,  1N7*J  (Scarhoroiigh);    Oct.  27- 
29. 

N.  11.       iiarr  migrant:    Hampton;    Portsmouth,  s])riiig. 
\  r.       iiarr  migrant:   ( )tt<M-  Crcfk,  sjiring  1870;   St.  Albans. 
Mass. —  Hare   migrant.     Oct.  2-Xov.    1. 
K.  1.    -  Rare  migrant.      Kt-i).  2C»-May  4;   Oct.  S-I)rc.  I. 
('<».\\. —  Kan- miirrant.     .\nir.-Oft.  14. 


'r-' 


tl.i.     M AKKCA  PK.NKLOPE  (Linu^)  Soli)y. 
Widgeon;  European  widgeon. 

Aua.f  iM'iicloiM'  Linn^.  Syst.  iiai.,  id.  10,  17.58,  vol.  1,  p.  l_'(i.  "ix 
EiHoi'AK  MAKiTi.Mis  &  PALrDiKU.s."  Salvation,  Cat.  birils  of 
Hriti>li  nms.,  1895,  vol.  27,  |».  227.  Dnsscr,  IJinls  of  Knrojx', 
1871-81.  vol.  »;.  pis.  [432.  A.V.i].  Kgg,  Sffbohm,  ISin;.  p.  3S,  pi.  \:i, 
fig.  4. 

l"'ri'sli  an<l  salt  \vat<'r;    n<'sts  on  the  gromiil. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Ma.s.s.— .Vccidcntal  visitor:  Halifax,  Oct.  20,  181)9;  Marblchcad. 
Dec.  29.   I90();    Mass.    ?  (.Samuels). 

K.   I.       .Vccidcntal  \isitor:    Middletown,  Sept.  2ll.    ISS"). 

(i4.      -M  \iii.<  \    \\ii:kic\\\    i(iincliu)   .Stephens. 

Baldpate;    American  widgeon. 

.l««.v  ainrrirand   (lUiel.,  .Syst.   nal.,    1 7.S8,   vol.    I,   pt.   _'.   p.  .')2(». 
WmKUKA   a  ("a'^KWA  INSII.ISQIK  VICINI  OcEANT  ADSIN'IM  H I  I)- 
SOMs."      .Vudubon.   Hirds  of  Amn-.,    \S\:i,   vol.  (1.  p.  2.")!».  pi.  ;{S9. 
Fresh  and  .salt  water;    nests  in  marshes. 


34  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

ANSERES. 

ANATIDAE. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  coastwise;  accidental  in 
winter.     Mar.  18-April;   Sept.-Nov.  18  (Feb,  20,  1884,  Freeport). 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant.     April;   Sept.-Oct. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident  (Nan- 
tucket).    Mar.  22-April  17;   Sept.  6-Dec.  2  (winter). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant.      ?  April;   Sept.  20-early  Dec. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant. 

65.  Nettion  crecca  (Linne)  Kaup. 

European  teal;    Teal. 

Salvadori,  Cat.  birds  British  mus.,  1895,  vol.  27,  p.  24:3. 

A?ias  crecca  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  126.     "in 

EUROPAE  AQUIS  DULCIBUS." 

Querquedula  crecca   (Linne).     Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,   1871- 
81,  vol.  6,  pi.  [426].     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  40,  pi.  16,  fig.  3. 
Fresh  water  mainly;   nests  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Casco  Bay,  April  6,  1903. 
Mass. —  Accidental  \dsitor:    "Massachusetts"  (Samuels);  Mus- 
keget  Id.,  Mar.  16,  1890;  Sagamore,  Feb.  20,  1896. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:    East  Hartford,  Nov.  14,  1889. 

66.  Nettion  carolinensis  (GmeUn)  Baird. 

Green- winged  teal. 

Anas  carolinensis  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  533. 
"in  Americae,  a  Carolina  ad  sinum  Hudsonis,  stagnis  silva- 
Ticis."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  (5,  p.  281,  pi.  392. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  20,  fig.  11. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;   nests  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Common  migrant.     April;    Sept.  15-Nov.  15. 
N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant. 


AVES.  35 

ANSKRES. 

AN  ATI  DAE. 

Vt. —  Coiiiinon  inijirant;    (?  "suiiiiiu'r  resident").     Mar.;   St^pt. 

M.\ss. —  rnconiinon  sprinj;  and  rart'  fall  nii<jraiit;  iHcidnitai  in 
wiiitrr.  April  4-23;  S<'pt.  f.  Dec  13  (Jaji.  1;  I'.l).  1,  |S'.)l>.  West 
Hariisialjlt"). 

H.  I.— Unconiinnn  iiiii;rant;  rare  in  winter.  Mar.;  Sejit.  2- 
Xov.  7  (Dee.  30). 

Conn. —  rneotninon  niifrrant  and  lare  winter  resident.  Fall- 
Mar. 

»>7.     QiEKQiKDi  i.A   Di.scoR.';  (Linnd)  Stephens. 

Blue-winged  teal. 

.l//a.v  <//,veor.v  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17(i'>,  vol.  1,  p.  205.  "is 
A.MKHK  A  .SKITKXTHIOXAI.I."  .Xnduhon.  Birds  of  Anier..  1843, 
vol.  ("..  p.  2S7.  pi.  3«I3.     Eirir,  CaiH-n.  ISSC,  pi.  20,  fij;.  12. 

Kresh  and  salt  water;   nests  in  marshes. 

Mk. —  Conmion  migrant  and  in  Washinfjton  Co.,  a  rare  Mininicr 
resident.     (Mar.  S)  .\j)ril-May;    siiniiner;    Se|)t.  1.3-Oet.  1(». 

X.  II. —  I'neoinnion  niifjrant.     May;    Au^.   1.5-Xov. 

Vt. —  rneoninion  migrant;  (?  ".summer  resident").  April- 
May;    fall. 

Ma.ss. —  Rare  spring  and  eonunon  fall  niifirant;  ])rol)al)ly  once 
lired.  .\prilll  May  31;  (June  S  and  20,  ("aml)rid<;e);  .Viij;.  16- 
Xov.  2(t. 

H.  1.—  Hare  spring  and  uneoinmon  fall  migrant  and  rare  sum- 
mer resident  (at  Sakonnet).  May  (summer);  .Vug.  27-Xr)v.  o. 
Kggs.  May. 

C'o.w. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  Spring; 
Aug. Oct.  20. 

<i.S.     Sp.\tii.a  <  i.vi-kata  (Liim^')  Hoie. 

Shoveler;    Spoonbill. 
Aiuis  rhiptutd  Linne.  .Msi.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17.')8,  v(»l.  1,  ]».  121.     "ix 


36 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGL.\ND. 


ANSERES. 


ANATIDAE. 


EuROPAE  MARiTiMis."     Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  G, 
p.  293,  pi.  394.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  42,  pi.  13,  fig.  2. 
Fresh  and  salt  water;  nests  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  coastwise.     April  14—23;   Sept. 

X.  H. —  Rare  migrant:    Ham])ton;    Rye  Beach,  Aug.  1872. 

Vt. — ■  Rare  migrant. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant.     Spring;    Sept.  17-Xov.  7. 

R.  I.— Rare  migrant.     April  10;   Oct.  2-28. 

Coxx. —  Rare  migrant.     (Late  July)  Aug.-Dec.  8. 

69.  Dafila  acuta  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 

Pintail;    Gray  duck  ( V) ;    Pheasant  duck;    Sprigtail. 

Anas  acuta  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  126.  "in 
EuROPAE  MARITIMIS."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  p.  266, 
pi.  390.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  38,  pi.  13,  fig.  3. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;   nests  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant.  Late  ]\Lir.-April;  Sept.  20-Xov.  7 
(late  Xov.). 

X'.  H.,  Vt. —  Rare  migrant. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant.  (Feb.  21)  Mar.  8- April  3;  Sept.  11- 
Dee.  21. 

R.  L — Uncommon  migrant  coastwise.     Spring;   Sept.  4. 

CoNX. —  Uncommon  migrant;  (?rare  winter  resident).  Mar. 
23;    fall. 

70.  Aix  SPOXSA  (Linne)  Bonajiarte. 

Wood  duck;  Bride  duck;  Rainbow  duck;  Regal  duck;  Summer 
duck. 

Anas  sponsa  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  128.  "ix 
America  septextrioxali."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  271,  pi.  391.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  21,  fig.  1. 


AVE8.  37 

ANSERES. 

AN  ATI  DAK. 

Frt'shwatrr  strraiiis  ami  |)oii»l>;  iicsis  in  liollow  trvvs,  rarrly  on 
tlif  p:n»un<l. 

Ml..  I  iicoiniiKiii  niiirraiit  and  siiiniiirr  n-sidciit.  Mar.  2S- 
latr  Nov. 

N.  II.       I  iicoininoii  inifiraiit  aiiti  Miimiicr  resident.     Mar.-I)ec. 

\  T. —  I'liconnnoii  inij;raiit  and  .snninicr  ri'.sidcnt.  April  S- 
Oct.  23. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  .summer  resident;  acci- 
<lental  in  winter.  (Mar.  10)  Mar.  20  .Xpril  30;  .summer;  Sept, 
lo-Xov.  18  (Dee.  31.  1S<»0,  ."^o.  WcynioMtii;  Jan.  11.  IX^S;.  Taiiinoii). 
KfTff^.  April  23-May  2. 

K.  I. —  I'neommon  mi<;rant  and  ran-  summer  resident.  Mar.- 
Xov.   11.      E^rjrs,  May  10. 

C'oNX. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  .sunmier  resident;  acci- 
dental in  winter.  Mar.  18-Oct.  (Jan.  9,  1880,  Xorwich).  Egg.s, 
May. 

71.     Mauii.a  americ.\\.\  (E_Mon)  A.  O.  V.  eomm. 

Redhead;    American  pochard. 

Fiilif/iihi  amrrirann  Kyt..  Monogr.  Anatida*',  1838,  p.  155. 
"  XoHTU  -Vmkkica." 

Fii/ir/ii/fi  frrltia  Linn^.  Audnl)on,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1S43.  vol.  0, 
}..  311,  jJ.  3<.l(i. 

I'roli  and  salt  water;   ne.sts  in  marshes. 

Mk. —  Rare  migrant;  said  formerly  to  have  hred  in  Washington 
Co.     Mar.  27;   S<'i)t.  21-Xov.  5. 

.\.   II. —  Rare  fall  migrant. 

\t. —  Rare  fall  migrant:    Lake  ("hamplain. 

M.vss. —  Rare  migrant  more  frecjuent  in  fall,  and  rare  winter 
resident  on  .south  coa.st.     Mar.  (i-A|>ril  3;   Oct.  4-l)ec.  21  (winter). 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant  and  winter  resident.     Oct.  8-Fel).  3. 

C'o.N.N. —  Rare  migrant. 


38  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

ANSERES 

ANATIDAE. 

72.  Marila  \allisneria  ("Wilson)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 

Canvas-back. 

A?ias  vqlimieria  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1814,  vol.  8,  p.  103,  pi.  70, 
fig.    5.     "HuDSOX   AND   Delaware  ....  RIVERS ....  AND   in   the 

NEIGHBOURHOOD  OF  THE  CHESAPEAKE  BaY." 

Fuligula  vaU.meriana  (S^Ws.).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1843,  vol.  6,  p.  299,  pi.  395. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;   nests  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Verv  rare  fall  migrant. 

Vt. —  Very  rare  migrant:   Lake  Champlain  (Perkins). 
Mass.— Rare   migrant.     :\Iar.  11-31;    Oct.  19-Dcc.  18  (Jan. 
8,  Cambridge). 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     April;   Oct.  2-Xov.  16. 
Conn. —  Rare  migrant.     May  7. 

73.  Marila  MARILA  (Linne)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 

Greater  scaup;  Blackhead;  Bluebill;  Bluehead;  Broadbill;  Raft 
duck;    Widgeon. 

Anas  marila  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  196.     "in 

EUROPAE  ALPINIS  IN  SVECIA,  XoRVEGIA,  AUSTRIA." 

Fuligula   marila    (Linne).     Audubon,    Birds    of   Amer.,    1844, 
vol.  7,  p.  355,  pi.  498.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  46,  pi.  14,  fig.  2. 
Fresh  and  salt  water;  nests  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Common  coastwise  migrant;  rare  in  winter.  Oct.- 
Nov.;    (winter);   Mar.-April. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  coastwise.  April;  Oct.- 
Dec.  13. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  at  Lake  Champlain. 

Mass. —  Rare  spring,  and  common  fall  migrant;  winters  locally 
on  coast.     Mar.  27-May  1;   Sept.  18-Dec.  26;   winter. 


AVE8.  ;^9 

AN.SLRKS 

ANATIDAE. 

Iv.  I. —  Coiniiion  migrant  ami  less  coininon  winter  resident 
eoastwisc.     Oct.   iMay  1   (July  1!).  lOfK).  .ripple). 

Conn. —  Common  mi<;rant  and  uncommon  winter  resident 
coastwise.     Oct. -May  17  (.lune). 

71.     Mahii.a  All  IMS  (Hyton)  Hona])arte. 

Lesser    scaup;    Blue-billed    shoveler;    Creek   broadbill;    Little 
blackhead;  Little  bluebill;    Little  raft  duck;  River  broadbill. 

Fitli(jula  ajfini.t  Em..  Monogr.  Anatitlae,  1838,  p.  157.     "North 

.\MKI{1(A." 

Fiili(jula  mania  (Linn^).  Audnhon,  Birds  of  .\mer.,  1843,  vol. 
«'..  p.  3 HI.  J)!.  397. 

Af/t/iifd  ajfinis  (Eyt.).  ('hai)man,  Ilandh.  birds  east.  No.  Anier., 
1S9.'),  p.  112. 

Fresli  ami  .salt  water;    nests  in  marsiies. 

Mk. —  Rare  migrant.     Mar.-April;   Oet.-Nov. 

N.  H. —  Rare  migrant. 

\t. —  Rare  migrant:    Lake  ( 'liam|)lain;    ( )tter  Creek,  May  I'J, 

I8s:i. 

M.\ss. —  Rare  spring  and  common  fall  migrant;  rare  winter 
resident  on  .south  eoa.st.  Mar.  2-April  11  (May  5);  Oet.  8-I)ec.  6 
(winter). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident.     Oct.  15-Aj)ril. 

CoNx. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident.  Oet. -May 
17  (June). 

7").     .M\i!ii  \  < oij.AKi.s  (Donovan)  Bonaparte. 

Ring-necked  duck;    Ring-neck  scaup. 

Ana.s  rollari.t  Donov..  British  birds.  1S()*>,  vol.  (>,  pi.  1  17  and  text. 
"  SUPPOSED  TO  H.WE  liKKS  .  .  .  .  LiXCOIASHIKK,"   E.VGL.KND. 

I'li/igula  rufitorques  Bonap.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Ainer.,  1843, 
vol.  (i,  p.  320.  pi.  3!>8. 


40  FAl'XA  OF  NEW  EXGL.\XD. 

AXSERES. 

XSATIDAE. 

At/thya  coilaris  (Donov.).  Chapman.  Handb.  birds  east.  Xo. 
Amer..  1S95.  p.  112. 

Fresh  and  sak  water:  nests  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant;  once  bred  in  Washington  Co.  Mar.  Si- 
May  1:   (summer):  Oct.  11-Xov.  2. 

X'.  H. —  Rare  migrant :  Concord,  Xov. ;  Linle  Bay  near  Pons- 
mouth. 

^Iass.— Rare  migrant.     Mar.-April:    Oct.  4- Xov.  30. 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     Xov.  11. 

Coxx. —  Rare  migrant. 

76.     Claxgitla  claxgulv  AireRiCAXA  (Bonaparte)  Faxon. 

American  goldeneve:    Garrot;    Whistler;    WHis  tie -wing. 

Clangula  americana  Bonap.,  Geogr.  and  comparative  Ust  birds 
Europe  and  Xo.  Amer.,  1838,  p.  .58.     "Avierica." 

FitUgula  clangula  rUnne).  Audubon.  Birds  of  Amer.,  1S43, 
vol.  6.  p.  362.  pi.  406.     Egg.  Capen,  1SS6,  pi.  21.  fig.  2. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;    nests  in  hollow  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise;  less 
common  summer  resident  in  northern  pan.     Eggs,  ^lay  27-June  8. 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise  or  in 
open  rivers:    uncommon  summer  resident  (Lake  Lmbagog). 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  on  Lake  Champlain  and  Connecticut 
River. 

Af  \ss. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  mainly  c-oast- 
wlse.     Oct.  8-May  1  (.July  26,  Boston). 

R.  L —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  c-oastwise.  Xov. 
15-^April  20. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  mainly  coastwise. 
Late  Oct  .-April  16. 


AVtS.  41 

ANSERES. 

\\'\TIH\K 

77.     Ci_\XGrL.\  ISL^XDICA  (Gmelin)  Bonapane. 

Barrow  s  goldeneye. 
Anaji  i^iandica  Gmelin,  Sy»t.  nat.,   1788,  vol.   1.  pt.  2.  p.  .>41. 

"IX   IsL.\M>lA." 

Clangula   barr&vii  Swainson  and    RichardNon.    Fauna    Boreali- 
Amer..  ls:Jl.  vol.  2.  p.  4.56.  pi.  70. 

P'rpsh  and  >alt  watfr:    nest<  in  hollow  tm-^ 

Mk. —  ilar*-  winter  visitor  foa.>lwL-<-.     .Jan.-.\pnl. 
N.  H. —  liart-  winter  \isitor:   little  Bay.  Portsmouth. 
Vt. —  Erroneously  re<-onled. 

M.vss. —  Hare  winter  xisitor  ct)astwuie.     Dec.  7- Feb.  22. 
Coxx. —  Rare  winter  visitor  coastwise:    off  Ponland,  Xov.  14, 
1S437. 

7S.     Chakitijxctta  albeoi-a  ( Linn^)  Stejneger. 

Bufflehead;   Bumble-bee  duck;  Butterball:  Dev-J  daver;  Dipper; 
Hell  diver;    Spirit  duck. 

Ana^aiUoJa  I jnne.  :>y.st.  nat..  e«l.  10.  1758.  vol.  1.  p.  124.  "Amer- 
ica." 

Fuligula  aUjfola  (IJnne).  -\udubon.  Binl-  u:  .yuht..  IS43,  \xA. 
G.  p.  :i<;9.  pi.  408. 

Fresh  and  sail  water:    nests  in  hollow  rn-»-^ 

^Ik. —  C  onnnon  lui^ani  ami  on  xtuiU  «.\>aj.i  an  uncommon  winter 
resident:  said  to  nest  in  Washington  Co.  I^n-  (J)ct.-.\pril  tMav 
11)  (summer). 

N-  H. —  I'ncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  rvsident  chiefly 
c-oastwLse.     Mar.-.\pril;   (>ct.-Nov.  (unnirr). 

^  T. —  Uncommon  migrant. 

M.\.>>s.—  Tncommon  migrant  ami  nur^  winter  r\>idcnt.  Mar.  1 1- 
.\pril  S;   Oct.  i>-I>ec.  23  (winter). 


42  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

ANSERES. 

AN  ATI  DAE. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident  coastwise. 
April;   Oct.  13-Dec.  7  (winter). 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident.  Nov. -April 
15. 

79.  Harelda  hyemalis  (Linne)  L.  Brehm. 

Old  squaw;    Long-tailed  duck;    Old  injun;    Old  wife;    Scolde- 
nore;   Scolder;   South-southerly. 

Anas  hyemalis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  126.  "in 
EuROPA  &  America  arctica." 

Fuligula  glacialis  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  379,  pi.  410.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  50,  pi.  15,  fig.  3. 

Salt  and  fresh  water;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise;  a  few 
non-breeding  birds  summer.     Late  Nov.-May  21  (summer). 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  chiefly  coastwise. 

Yt. —  Rare  migrant  to  Lake  Champlain  and  Connecticut  Valley. 
Oct.  24. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coastwise. 
Oct.  10-May  22  (June  17). 

R.  L  —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident.     Nov.  7-May  4. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise. 
Oct.-I\Iay. 

80.  HiSTRiONicus  HiSTRioxicus  (Linne)  Boucard. 

Harlequin  duck;    Lord-and-lady;    Sea  mouse. 

Anas  histrionica  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  127. 
"America." 

Fuligula  histrionica  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  374,  pi.  409.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  49,  pi.  15,  fig.  1. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;  nests  on  the  ground  or  in  hollow  trees. 


Avi<:s.  43 

ANSERES. 

AN  ATI  DAE. 

Ml. —  I'luommon  wiuttT  rt'sidcnt  about  rocky  islandii.  Oct. 
19-Mar.   (April). 

N.  H. —  Hari'  winter  visitor  coastwise.     Xov. 

Mass. —  Hare  winter  visitor  coastwise;  casual  inland.  Nov.  1- 
Jan. 

K.   I. —  Kan-  winter  visitor  coastwise.     Xov.  28-.Ian.  2\). 

81.  (' AMi'ToKin xniis  i.ahu\i>oiui"s  (Gmelin)  Honapart*' 

Labrador  duck;    Pied  duck;    Sand-shoal  duck. 

Anns  Ichradoria  Gmcl..  Syst.  nat..  17SS,  vol.  1.  pt.  2,  j).  537. 
"in  Amf.hica  boreai.i." 

Fii/iffula  lahradora  Lath.  Audnhon,  Birds  of  Aiiicr..  IS  13, 
vol.  0.  p.  .32<».  1)1.  4(K). 

Formerly  on  seacoast;  nests  «»ii  "tops  of  low  fir  trees."  Last 
specitncn  taken  in  1S7"). 

Mk. —  Kornierly  a  winter  visitor  coa.stwi.se. 

^L\S8. —  Formerly  a  winter  visitor  cojistwise;    last  taken  in  ilir 
State  at  Swampscott.  early  Sejjtember,  18()2. 
Cow-.--  Formerly  a  winter  resjdrnt  (Stratford). 

82.  SoM.\TKiUA    .MOLLissiMA    BOREAUS    (C.    L.    Brelim)    A.    E. 
IJrehm. 

Northern  eider;    Greenland  eider. 

Plutiffjii.s  hori'd/iy  ('.  L.  Hrelim.  I.,«'hrl).  natnrj;.  enrop.  vo^'el, 
1824.  vol.  2,  p.  813.  CoA.sTs  and  islands  ok  IJai  i  in  Hay  and 
Davis  Strait  (fide  H.  C  Oherholser). 

Somatrria  molli-n.fi ma  (Linn^-).  liainl.  Brewer,  and  Uid<;way. 
Water  birds  No.  Ainer.,  1884,  vol.  2,  p.  72,  fifjs.  on  j).  77. 

Salt  wat<T  chiefly;    nests  on  the  ^roiuid. 

Mk. —  Rare  winter  visitor  coastwise.     Oct.  I'.l  April  O. 
^^vss.-    Hare  wint<'r  visitor  coa.stwise.     Late  Oct. -April  3. 
1{.  I. —  Unsatisfactorily  re<-orded  from  Newport. 


44  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

ANSERES. 

ANATIDAE. 

83.  SoMATERiA  DRESSERi  Shai'pe, 

American  eider;    Canvasback;   Sea  duck;    Wamp. 

Sharpe,  Ann.  niao;.  nat.  hist.,  1871,  ser.  4,  vol.  8,  p.  51.  [North 
America]. 

Fullgula  moUissima  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  349,  pi.  405.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  21,  fig.  3. 

Salt  water  chiefly;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  winter,  and  from  Isle  au  Haut  north,  rare 
summer  resident.     Xov.-April;    summer.     Eggs,  June  15-July  4. 

X.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise. 
Nov.  5-Ai)ril  19. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise. 

Conn.—  Rare  winter  resident  coastwise.     Fall-(May  29). 

84.  Somateria  spectabilis  (Linne)  Leach. 

King  eider. 

Anas  spectabilis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  123. 
"in  Canada,  Svecia." 

Fuligula  spectabilis  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  347,  pi.  404.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  54,  pi.  9,  fig.  1. 

Salt  water  chiefly;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Uncommon  winter  resident  coastwise.  Dec.  11-April  15 
(May  29). 

N.  H. —  Rare  winter  visitor:   Hampton. 

Mass. —  Rare  winter  visitor  coastwise.     Oct.  21-April  5. 

R.  L- — Rare  winter  visitor  coastwise.     (Sept.  15)  Nov.  27-Feb. 

CoxN. —  Rare  winter  visitor  coastwise.     Nov.  4. 


AVKS.  45 

ANSKKKS. 

AN  ATI  DAE. 

85.     <)ii)KMiA  AMKKK w A  Swaiiison. 

American  scoter;  Black  coot;  Butterbill;   Butterbill  coot;  Yel- 
low-billed coot. 

Swains.,  in  Swains,  ami  liirli.,  Kaiina  Horrali-AnnT.,  ISiil,  vol.  2, 
|).   l.")().     "Hi  dson's  Bay,  i.at.  .")7°." 

}-tili(fii/a  anirrirann  (Swains.).  An(lul)()n,  Binis  of  .\nitr.,  ]SV.], 
vol.  (1.  |).  lU.i,  |.l.   }().•>. 

Salt  and  t'rt'sli  water;    nests  on  the  ^ronml. 

Ml..,  N.  II.  Conniion  inii^rant  and  winter  resident  mainly 
coa.stwi.sc;   a  few  nnn-hreedinj;  hirds  siiinnier  offsliore. 

Vt. —  I'neoninion  migrant:   St.  Johnshnrv;    Windsor. 

M A.ss. —  Common  mifjrani  and  wintir  residcul;  a  few  non- 
hreedinir  hirds  summer  offshore.     Se|)t.  S-May  24  (.summer). 

K.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  eoa.stwi.se.     C)et.- 
May  II. 

Cow. —  I'neommon  migrrant  and  winter  resident.     Get.  4-.Mav. 


'r^' 


bO.     (JlUK.MlA  i)ix;i.A.\i)i  Bonaparte. 

White-winged  scoter;    May  white-wing;    Velvet  duck;    White- 
winged  coot. 

l}ona|»..  Rev.  crit.  de  I'oni.  Kur(t|).  de  1  )r.  Deglainl,  1S,")(),  p.  1(),S. 
".\.MKHICA." 

Ful'ujula  fiisca  (Linn^').  .\ndid)on,  Birds  of  .\mer.,  l.S4;i,  vol.  (», 
|).  XVl,  pi.  401. 

."^alt  and  fresh  water;    nests  on  the  proiuid. 

Mk..  .\.  n. —  ConuMon  nii;:rani  and  winter  resident  mainly 
coa.stwi.se;    a  few  non-l>reeding  l)irds  summer  olfshore. 

Vt.--  Rare  migrant:    Middlehnrv. 

Mas.s. —  Common  migrant  and  wijiter  resident  mainly  coastwise; 
a  f«'W  non-l)reeding  hirds  summer  offshore.  Se|)t.  (»  Mav  2') 
(summer). 


46 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


ANSERES. 


ANATIDAE. 


R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coastwise; 
a  few  non-breeding  birds  summer  offshore.  Sept.  1;5-May;  sum- 
mer. 

Conn. —  Abundant  migrant  and  common  winter  resident,  mainly 
coastwise;    a  few  non-breeding  birds  summer  offshore.     Oct.  -1- 
May  15;  summer. 

87.  OiDEMiA  PERSPiciLLATA  (Linne)  Stephens. 

Surf  scoter;  Baldheaded  coot;  Box  coot;  Gray  coot;  Hollow- 
billed  coot;  Patch-bill  coot;  Patch-poll  coot;  Sea  coot; 
Skunk-head. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  118. 

Anas  perspicillata  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  125. 
"Canada." 

Fuligula  perspicillata  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1843,  vol.  G,  p.  337,  pi.  402.  Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  52,  pi.  15, 
fig.  2. 

Salt  water  mainly;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  mainly 
coastwise;    a  few  non- breeding  birds  summer  offshore. 

Vt. —  Bare  migrant:   Bradford. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise;  a 
few  non-breeding  birds  summer  offshore.  Sept.  4-May  9;  sum- 
mer. 

R.  L — Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise;  a  few 
non- breeding  birds  summer  offshore.     Sept.  1-May  21;    summer. 

CoNX. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident;  a  few  non-breed- 
ing birds  summer  offshore.     Sept.-April;    summer. 

88.  Erismatuua  jamaicensis  (Gmelin)  Salvadori. 

Ruddy  duck;   Booby;   Broadbill;    Dumb-bird;    Foolish  coot. 

Anas  jamaicensis  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  519. 
"Jamaica." 


Avi:s. 


47 


AXSERES. 


AXATIHAE. 


Ftiligula  nthida  Wils.     Aii(lul)oii.   Hinls  of  Aincr..   \S.\'.i,  vol.  (1. 
|).  :V2i,  1)1.  3<>0.     K;:j:.  Capm.  ISSC,  pi.  21,  fijr.  I. 
l-Vcsli  wiittT  (  liicHy;   nests  in  marshes. 

Mi:.—  I  nconinion  niii;rant,  and  rare  summer  resident.  .\|)ril- 
May;    (summer);    Oct. -Nov. 

X.  II. —  Uncommon  mi{xrant,  rare  in  summer;  may  hreed 
(Newfound  Lake,  July  11,  IKOI;    Rye  Beach.  Auj;.  22,  187'.l). 

Vt. —  Uncommon  mijjrant  anil  rare  summer  resident  (Lake 
Memi)hremagof;). 

M.\ss. —  Common  mi«;rant;  very  rare  sunnner  resident  (Ca|>e 
Cod).  Mar.  20-(summer);  Sept.  3()-I)(c.  11  (Deo.  25,  1902. 
Woods  Hole;   Jan.  '.),  19(n>.  Jamaica  Plain). 

K.  I. —  Connnon  mifjrant  and  occasional  summer  resident. 
Mar.;  Oct.  l-Dec.  22. 

CoN.v. —  Common  niij;rant,  mainly  in  fall;  rare  in  summer 
(June  5,  1893.  flock  of  .3.  Portlaiul).     S])rin<!:;   Oct.-Dec.  2.'). 

89.  XoMONYX  DOMiNicis  (Liun^)  Ilidtruay. 

Masked  duck. 

Rid^'way.  Manual  No.  Annr.  liirds,  1SS7,  j).  114. 

Ana.i  (lomitiica   Linn^,   Syst.    nat.,   cd.    12.    IT'iC),    p.    201.     "i\ 

.\MKKirA  MKRII)If).\ALI." 

Kri.siiiatiira  ilominirn  Kyt.      Haird.  (assin,  and  Lawrence,  liinU 
of  No.  Amer..  1870,  vol.  2.  pi.  92. 
Fresh  wat<'r;   nests  anion^j  rushes. 

\'t. —  .\cei<lental  visitor  '<>r  escape):  .Mhnrjjh  .S|)riM};s  on  Lake 
Cham])lain. 

M.K.ss. —  Accidental  visitor:   Maiden.  .\up.  27,  1889. 

90.  CiiKN  HYi'KHBoiu:.\  (Pallas)  Hoie. 

Lesser  snow  goose;   Mexican  goose;   Wavy;  White  brant. 
Ridpvay.    Mamial    No.    Amer.    I»inls,    is,s7,    p.    11.").     Presser. 


48  FArXA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

ANSERES. 

ANATIDAE. 

Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  G,  pi.  [417],  lower  fig.     Egg,  See- 
bohni,  1896,  p.  30,  pi.  11,  fig.  3. 

Anser  hyperboreus  Pall.,  Spieilegia  zool.,   1769,  fasc.  6,  p.  25. 

"in     TERRIS     BOREALIBUS,     ad     OrIEXTEM     130°.       LOXGITUDIXIS, 

sivE  circa  Lexam  et  Ianam  fluvios." 
Salt  and  fresh  water;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  fall  migrant.     Oct.  2-Dec. 

N.  H. —  Rare  fall  migrant:  Lake  Umbagog,  Oct.  2,  1896;  Sea- 
brook. 

Vt. —  Rare  fall  migrant:  Lake  Champlain;  ?  Lunenburg;  St. 
Johnsbury. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant.  April  13,  1908,  ToAvnsend;  (?  July) 
Oct.  15-Xov.  21. 

R.  L—  Rare  fall  migrant.     Sept.  3-Oct.  16. 

Coxx. —  Rare  fall  migrant:  Saybrook,  fall,  1875;  Stratford, 
Oct.  5,  1842. 

91.     Chen  hyperborea  xivalis  (Forster)  Ridgway. 

Greater  snow  goose;    Wavy. 

Ridgway,  Manual  No.  Amer.  birds,  1887,  p.  115. 

Anas  nivalis  Forster,  Phil,  trans,  roy.  soc.  London,  1772,  vol. 
62,  p.  413.     "Severn  River,"  Hudson  Bay. 

Anser  hyperhoreus  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  212,  pi.  381,  fig.  1. 

Salt  and  fresh  water;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Now  an  accidental  A-isitor:  Georgetown,  April  25,  1903; 
mouth  of  Kennebec  River,  April  7,  1890;  Lubec,  April  30,  1906. 

Mass. —  Now  an  accidental  visitor:  near  Springfield  (Morris); 
various  doubtful  records. 

Conn. —  Now  an  accidental  visitor:  Stratford,  three  wintered, 
1867-68  {fide  Averill);  also  listed  by  Linsley  (1843),  but  may 
have  been  C.  hyperborea. 


AVE8.  49 

ANSEIIES. 

AN  ATI  DAE. 

92.  Chk.\  cakhulescexs  (Linn^)  GuikHjuIi. 

Blue  goose;   Blue  wavy. 

Ki(l;:\vay,     M;iiiiial     .Xo.    .Viiit-r.     birds,     1887.   p.     111.      IClliot, 

Nrw  an<l  iuTctufon'  unligunMl  l)ir(ls  Xo.  .Vincr.,  180'J,  vol.  2,  j)l.  43. 

Ana.s-  cacnilcsceu.'i  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  124. 

••  CANADA." 

Suit  and  fri'sh  water;  nests  on  the  fjround. 

.\.  11. —  Kan-  fall  nii<;raiil:    Lake  riiihafiog,  Oct.  2.  1890. 
Ma.s.s. —  Hare  fail  mij^rant:   West  Gloueester,  Get.  20,  1870. 
H.  I. —  Rare  migrant:   Westerly,  Mar.  10,  1894.     Other  records 
in  error  for  C.  htjpcrhorea. 

93.  An.skk  amhfho.v.s  gambeu  (Ilartlaiib)  Cones. 

American  white -fronted  goose;   Laughing  goose. 

AiiKcr  (jamhcUi  {sic)  Hartl..  Utv.  and  niag.  zool.,  ser.  2.  18.52, 
vol.  4,  p.  V.     "Tkx.\s." 

Aiisrr  a/hifron.'i  Beehst.  Audubon,  Hir'iLs  of  AnuT.,  1843,  vol.  0, 
p.  209,  pi.  380. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;   nests  on  the  ground, 

\  T. —  l)oid)tfully    reeorde<l. 

Mass. —  .Vccidental  migrant  (?  formerly  regular):  Ipswich, 
Aug.  1907;    PlynuMith.  Xov.  20.  1897;    (^uiucy. 

91.     HuANTA  CAN'ADKNSis  (Ljnn^)  Bannister. 

Canada  goose;    Wild  goose. 

Ana.i  (anaJen.tis  Linn^,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10.  17.58,  vol.  1.  j).  123. 
"Canada." 

An.tcr  canadni.ti.s  (Linn^).  .\udubori.  Birds  of  .Vmer.,  1843, 
vol.  0,  p.  178.  pi.  370.     Egg,  S<'ebohm.  1890.  p.  .3.5.  pi.  12,  fig.  2. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;    nests  on  the  ground,  rarelv  in  trees. 


50 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


ANSERES. 


ANATIDAE. 


Me.— Common  migrant.  (Feb.  28)  Mar.  5-May;  Oct.  13- 
Dec.  8. 

N.  H.,  Vt. —  Common  migrant.     Mar.  11-April;    Oct.-Dec.  7. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant,  formerly  summer  resident  (said  to 
have  bred  at  Lexington,  late  April,  1888);  may  winter  rarely  on 
south  coast.  Mar.  8- June  5;  (Aug.  3)  Sept.  21-Dec.  30  (Jan.  10; 
Jan.  31). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.     Mar.  13-May  7;   Sept.  17-Dec.  29. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  winter  resident. 
Mar.-May  22;    Oct  .-winter. 

95.     Branta  canadensis  hutchinsii   (Richardson)  Coues. 

Hutchins's  goose;    ?  Southern  goose. 

Coues,  Key  to  No.  Amer.  birds,  ed.  5,  1903,  vol.  2,  p.  905. 

Anser  hntchinsii  Rich.,  in  Swainson  and  Rich.,  Fauna  Boreali- 
Amer.,  1831,  vol.  2,  p.  470.  "Melville  Peninsula,"  Arctic 
America.     Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1835,  vol.  3,  p.  226,  pi.  277. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  migrant:  Cape  Elizabeth,  Nov.  13,  1894; 
Portland,  spring  1899;    Rangeley. 

Mass. —  Supposed  to  occur  as  a  migrant. 

Conn." —  ?  Uncommon  fall  migrant;  said  to  arrive  later  than 
B.  canadensis  and  to  pass  at  once  south  (Merriam,  1877). 


96.     Branta  bernicla  glaucogastra  (C.  L.  Brehm)  Coues. 

White-belUed  brant;  Blue  brant;  Brant;  May  brant. 

Bernicla  glaucogasfer  C.  L.  Brehm,  Handb.  d.  naturgesch.  aller 
vogel  Deutschl.,   1831,  p.  849.     "aus  dem  hohen  Xorden  im 

HeRBSTE  an  die  KtJSTEN  DER  DEUTSCHEN  OSTSEE." 

Anser  bernicla  Linne.     Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  6, 
p.  203,  pi.  379. 

Salt  water;  nests  on  the  ground. 


AVKS.  51 

AXSKRES. 

AN  ATI  DAE. 

Mk. —  Common  coastwise  iiiifinmt.     A|)ril  L'7   May;    C)(t.-Xov. 

.\.  11.-     riuominoii  c'oa.stwist'  iiiigraiit,  casual  inland. 

Vt. —  Ran*  niifjrant. 

M.\ss. —  Common  coastwise  mif^rant;  uncommon  winter  resi- 
dent on  south  coast.  Mar.  iL'-May  17  (June  2);  Sept.  12-Dec.  12 
(winter). 

K.  I. —  Common  mijjrant  and  rare  winter  resident  offshore. 
Mar.  24-April  28;    Xov.-Dec.  10  (winter). 

Cow. —  Common  mifjranf  and  occasional  winter  resident  off- 
shore.    April   llMay;    Oct.   1.3-(winter). 

07.     IJuwTv  MfiinrANs  (Lawrence)  Bannister. 

Black  brant. 

Aiifirr  nigricans  Lawr.,  Ann.  lyceum  nat.  hist.  New  ^Ork,   ISIG. 
vol.  4,  |).  171.  pi.  12.     "Egg  Hahhok,  X.  .1." 
Seacoasts;    nests  on  the  ground. 
M.\ss. —  Accidental  visitor:    Chatham,  sprinj;,  1883. 

98.     Bk.\nt.v  LEUCOi'.si.s  (Bechstein)  Bannister. 

Barnacle  goose. 

Anas  Icucofm.i  Bechst.,  Ornith.  taschi).  Deutschl.,  1803.  p.  424. 
Nokthp:i{\  hkgioxs  of  the  k.\uth;  Gkh.maw  in  migk.vtion. 
•    An.srr    /nirojm.'i    (Bechst.).      .Vuduhon,    Birds    of    Anicr..     1S43, 
vol.  «),  J).  2(M).  pi.  378.     ]':<rvr.  Seehohm,  1S«)().  p.  34.  pi.  10.  i\g.  2. 

Seacoasts  and  jjrassy  flats;    nests  on  the  j^round  ainotifj  rocks. 

Me. —  I)oul)tfully  n'ported  from  near  Portland  alx)Ut  1878. 
Vt. —  .Vccidental  visitor:    .Marslifield.   1878. 
Ma.s.s. —  Accidental  visitor:    Xorth  Chatham,  .Xov.  1,  IS'.)."). 
CoN.v. —  Recorded  from  Stoninjjton   (Linsley). 


52  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND 

ANSERES. 

ANATIDAE. 

99.  Olor  cygnus  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 

Whooping  swan;   Whooper;   Wild  swan. 

Anas  cygnus  Linn6,  Syst.  nat.,  e<l.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  ]>.  122.  "i.\ 
EuROPA,  America  septentrionali." 

Cygnus  7nimcus  Bechst.  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81, 
vol.  (i,  p.  [433],  pi.  [419],  fig.  4.  Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  29,  pi.  7, 
fig.  1. 

Seacoasts,  lakes,  swamps;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Poke-a-moon-shine  Lake,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  Sept.  10,  1903. 

100.  Olor  columbianus  (Ord)  Stejneger. 

Whistling  swan;    American  swan. 

Anas  columbianus  Ord,  in  Guthrie's  Geogr.,  hist.,  and  com- 
mercial grammar,  2d  Amer.  ed.,  1815,  p.  319.  Based  on  Lewis 
and  Clarke:   "below  the  great  narrow.s  of  the  Columbl\." 

Cygnus  aviericanus  Sharpless.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1843,  vol.  6,  p.  226,  pi.  384. 

Salt  and  fresh  water;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Unsatisfactorily  recorded  from  mouth  of  Kennebec  River 
Nov.,  1881;  and  near  Crawford  Lake,  Sept.  10,  1903. 

N.  H. —  Rare  migrant:  Great  Bay  (his),  Dec.  16,  1902,  and — ^ 
Seabrook,  Oct.  18,  1878. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant:  Alburg,  Lake  Champlain. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant  and  winter  resident  (at  Nantucket) 
formerly  commoner.     Oct.  16-Dec.  27  (winter-Mar.  4). 

R.  I.—  Rare  migrant:  Quonocontaug  Pond,  Nov.  9,  1879;  West- 
erlv,  Nov.  13,  1879. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant.     Middle  Mar. ;   fall-Nov.  2. 


AVES.  53 

AX8ERES. 

ANATIDAi:. 

lUl.     Oluk  mcciNATOU  (Riclianistjiij   \Va;;ler. 

Trumpeter  swan. 

Cifgmis  hurcitiafor  Ricli..  in  Swaiiisoii  itiid  liich.,  Fauna  Boreali- 
Amer..  1831,  vol.  2,  p.  4(i4.  "Ilru.soN's  B.\y."  Audubon,  Birds 
of  Anu-r.,  184.3,  vol.  0.  p.  219,  pis.  382,  383. 

Fresh  and  salt  water;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Once  erroneously  recorded  for  0.  n/f/nu.'i. 
X.  II. —  Formerly  a  niijirant  (Belknap). 
Ma.s.s. —  Believed  to  have  occurred  formerly  as  a  mijjrant. 
U.   1.,  Cox.N. —  Doubtfully  reported,   and  believed   to  have  oc- 
currc<l  formerly  as  a  iniijratu. 

Hi:Rf)I)IO.\ES.  II^IHES. 

IBIDIDAE. 

102.  (Ii'ARA  ALUA  (Linn^)  Stejnecjer. 

White  Ibis. 
Sco/opax  alha   Liim^,  Syst.   nat.,  cd.    10,    1758,   vol.    1.   |).    145. 

"A.MKKlfA." 

Ihlii  alha  (Linn^).  Audubon,  liirds  of  Anier.,  1843.  vol.  0,  p. 
54,  1)1.  3(»0. 

Swamps  and  lapjons;  iR'sts  in  trees  and  reedy  marshes. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:    South  Woodstock,  summer,  1878. 
rV)N\. —  Accidental  visitor:    near  Milford,  May  2.'{.  1875. 

103.  ri.i:(.Al)l.s  At  Ti MNAI.Is  (Has.scl<|uist)  Stejncfrer. 

Glossy  Ibis. 

Triin/a  autiimnali.t  IIasself|.,  Keise  na(  h  Palast.,  deutsche  ausg., 
17(i2.  p.  .30(i.     [iMiVlT.] 


54  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

HERODIONES.  IBIDES. 

IBIDIDAE. 

Ibis  falcineUm  Linne.  Bonaparte,  Amer.  ornith.,  1833,  vol.  4, 
p.  23,  pi.  23,  fig.  1. 

Marshes  and  borders  of  lagoons;  nests  among  low  bushes  or 
reeds. 

N.  H.—  Accidental  visitor:  Alton,  Oct.  1858. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  noteworthy  flights  in  ^Nlay  of  1850 
and  1878. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:  Middletown,  ^lay  16,  1850;  Strat- 
ford (5  specimens)  about  1836. 

CICONIAE. 
CICONIIDAE. 

104.     Mycteria  AMERICANA  Linne. 

Wood  Ibis. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  140.     "ix  America 

CALIDIORE." 

Tanialus  loculator  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  64,  pi.  361. 

Swamps  and  marshes;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:   Berwick,  July  16,  1896. 

X.  H. —  Erroneously  recorded  for  Glossy  ibis. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:  pair  in  suftimer,  about  1897,  near 
Burlington. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  (?  Georgetown,  June  19,  1880); 
Seekonk,  July  17,  1896. 

R.  I. —  Accidental  visitor:  Barrington,  Aug.  8,  1896. 


AVE.S.  55 

HERODIOXES.  IIERODFI. 

AiJDl.lDAI':. 

10.").     HoTAiius  LEXTioiNOSus   (MoutajTu)  Stephens. 

American  bittern;    Bog  hen;    Indian  hen;    Meadow  hen;    Stake 
driver;    Thunder  pump. 

Ardra  Irntiffiiumi  .Moiitaji.,  Oriiith.  diet.,  suppl.,  1813,  [|).  l.S(»] 
"Her."  ''the  west  of  England."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1843,  vol.  0.  J).  04.  pi.  3(m.     E<rcr,  Capen.  1S8G,  j)!.  19,  fig.  14. 

Fresh  and  sah  marshe.s  and  borders  of  streams;   nests  on  fjround. 

Me. —  I'neonimon  niifjrant  and  summer  resident.  A|)ril  27- 
Oct.  2S.     Kfjjjs,  late  May-June  G. 

N.  H. —  rncommon  niifjrant  and  sninnior  resident.  Mar.-Xov. 
(Dec.  11).     Kgfis,  May  27. 

Vt. —  Uneonunon  mi>;rant  and  sununer  resident.     April  30-fall. 

M.\.s.s. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident; 
casual  in  winter.  Mar.  31-Nov.  26  (Dec.  30;  Jan.  5).  Kggs, 
May  o-June  10. 

\{.  I. —  Common  migraiU  and  uncommon  summer  resident. 
April  (J  Nov.  10.     KiT^'s.  May  23-June  13. 

('o.\.\. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  sununer  resident. 
A|)ril   Xov. 

100.     IxoHRYCiiLs  EXiLi.s  ((juielin)  .\.  ().  L'.  lomiu. 

Least  bittern. 

Ardea  exili.t  (Jinel.,  Syst.  nat.,  178S,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  (>4.5.  "Ja- 
.MAICA."  Audtilton.  Birds  of  .\nier.,  1S43,  vol.  (>,  |).  100,  |)1.  300. 
Egg,  Capen,  18S0,  pi.  10,  fig.  15. 

Kri'sh  marshes  and  swamps;   nests  among  rushes  or  in  bushes. 

Me. —  Rare  sununer  residciu  in  southern  counties.  (Mar.  4, 
1801,  (ieorgetown)  May  12-Aug.  (Xov.  13). 

X.  H.  [{are  in  sununer;  may  breed  in  southeastern  |)art:  Hamil- 
ton;  Hampton  Brach,  ISOO;   Seabrook. 

Vt. — ^Sai<l  i<>  have  occurred  "formerlv." 


k 


56  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

HERODIONES.  HERODII. 

ARDEIDAE. 

Mass. —  Rare  local  summer  resident,  mainly  near  the  coast. 
4pnl  15-Sept.  1.     Eggs,  June  1-29. 

R.I. —  Common  summer  resident ;  casual  in  winter.  (Mar.  1)- 
Sept.  14  (Feb.  28,  1881,  Providence).     Eggs,  May  23-June  16. 

Conn.- —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident.  Spring-Sept. 
Eggs,  June  10-27. 

107.  Ardea  herodias  Linne. 

Great  blue  heron;   Blue  crane;   Crane;   Frog  stabber;   Poke. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  14.3.  "Aaierica." 
Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  6,  p.  122,  pi.  369.  Egg, 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  19,  fig.  11. 

Swamps  and  borders  of  ponds;  nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  ]Mar.  29- 
Nov.  12  (Dec.  9).     Eggs,  late  April-May  16. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and,  northward  from  L.  AVinnepe- 
saukee,  a  local  summer  resident.  Ajiril  .5-Xov.  (Dec.  21;  Dec.  31, 
1901,  Randolph). 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and,  in  northern  part,  a  local  summer 
resident.     Summer-(Dec.  22,  1884,  Milton). 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident ;  occasional 
in  summer  but  not  now  known  to  breed  (formerly  at  Naushon). 
Mar.  1.5- June  4;   (summer);  July  30-Dec.  20  (winter). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.     Mar.-May  4;    July  1.5-Dec.  11. 

Conn.— »-  Common  migrant,  occasional  in  summer;  rare  winter 
resident.     Mar.  15-IMay  (June  2);   Aug.-Dec.  (winter). 

108.  Herodias  egretta  (Gmelin)  Cabanis. 

American  egret. 
Ardea  egretta   Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  i)t.  2,  ]).  629.     "in 

INSULA  S.  DOMINICI,  INSULIS  FALKLAND    &  AMERICA  AUSTILVLI  AD 


AVKS.  57 

HKROPTOXKS.  IIKKODII. 

AHl)i:iUAi:. 

lyorisi.WAM.  "     Aiidtihoii.   Birds  of  Aimr..   isl.l.   \(>1.  (»,  p.   \'.i2, 
pi.  370. 

Swamps  and  lowlands;    nests  in  small  In'cs. 

Mk. —  Occasional  summer  visitor.     April  7-Au^'.  22. 

X.  H. —  Rare  summer  visitor:    near  Newmarket,  1897. 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  visitor:  New  Haven,  two  in  Aug.  1SS2; 
Winooski  River,  simuner,  1SG9. 

M.\.s.s. —  Occasional  summer  and   fall   visitor.     April-Nov.   22. 

H.  I. —  Occasional  simimer  visitor;  may  have  bred  at  Wes- 
(piage  Pond  in  1S94.     June  l-Oct.  12. 

Conn. —  C)c-casional  summer  visitor.     July-(Jct. 

109.  Egrett.\  (  am>ii)1ssima   (Gmelin)  Gosse. 

Snowy  heron. 

Ardea  candid is.tima  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat..  17SS.  vol.  ],  \n.  2,  p.  (5.33. 
"i.\  i.\r.\i).\Ti.-^  PROPE  Carthacenam  Americae."  Audubon, 
Hirds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  (1,  ji.  I(i3.  pi.  374. 

Swam|)S  and  lowlands;   nests  in  small  trees. 

Me. —  Erroneously  accredited. 

\'t. —  Accidental  visitor:  St.  All)ans  Bay,  two  in  Oct.,  1890. 
Mas.s. —  Accidental    visitor:     near    Boston,    1802;     Nantucket, 
March.  1881;   Northampton.  1887  (?  nee  Essex  Co.). 

Co.W. —  Acci<lental    visitor:     Hartford;     Stratford    ("seen"). 

110.  Florida  rAERUi.E.\  (Linn^)  Bainl. 

Little  blue  heron. 

Anlca  raerulca  Linn^*,  Syst.  nat..  cd.  10,  17.")8.  vol.  1,  p.  143.  "i.\ 
.\.MERICA  .SEPTE.NTRIONALI."  Auduboii,  Birds  of  .\mer..  1843, 
vol.  <•),  ]..  148,  pi.  372. 

Swamps  and  lowlands;   nests  in  bushes. 


58  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

HERODIONES.  HERODII. 

ARDEIDAE. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor.     April  1-Sept. 

N.  H. —  Accidental  visitor:  Amherst,  April  28,  1897. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Occasional  visitor.     April  14- Aug. 

R.  I. —  Rare  visitor.     June  7-Aug. 

Conn. —  Rare  visitor.     May-Sept.  7. 

HI.     BuTORiDES  viRESCENS  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 

Little  green  heron;    Fly-up-the-creek;    Green  heron;    Poke. 

Ardea  virescens  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  144. 
"America."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  6,  p.  105,  pi.  367. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  19,  fig.  12. 

]\Iainly  freshwater  streams  and  ponds;  nests  in  small  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  in  southern 
counties.     May  2-Sept.l9. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  southern  half,  and  in 
Connecticut  valley.     Late  April-Oct.     Eggs,  June  16. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  southern  part.  May- 
Oct. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident.  (April  9  and  16)  April  26- 
Oct.  16.     Eggs,  May  10-June  2. 

R.  L —  Common  summer  resident.  April  20-Sept.  24.  Eggs, 
May  21,  23. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.  Late  April-Oct.  Eggs, 
May  30- June  17. 

112.     Nycticorax  nycticorax  naevius  (Boddaert)  Zeledon. 

Black-crowned   night   heron;     Buttermunk;     Qua-bird;     Quok; 
Shitepoke;   Squawk. 

Ardea  naevia  Bodd.,  Tabl.  d.  planch,  enlum.  d'hist.  nat.,  1783, 
p.  56.     Based  on  Buffon:   "Cayenne." 


AVES.  59 

HERODIONKS.  MEHnDII. 

ARDEIUAE. 

Ardra  ni/rtirora.r  Liiiiu'.  Aiulul)()ii,  Hirds  of  Aiiicr.,  l.S4.'i,  vol.  0, 
p.  S2,  1)1.  :i(>3.     KjT^,  ('a|)rn,  1886,  |.l.  1'.),  H^.  13. 

Swamps  and  marslu's;  mvsts  in  ((doiiii's  in  tnrs,  rarely  on  the 
;;r()un(l. 

Mk. —  Common  sunnner  resident,  cliielly  near  the  coast.  Spring- 
Sej)t.  IC.     EiijZs,  May  L'(i. 

N.  II. —  Inconnnon  summer  resident  north  to  .southern  White 
Mi.  valleys.     .Vpril   (  )(t. 

\'t. —  L'neommon  summer  resident  near  lakes  and  streams. 

M.\.ss. —  Common  niitjrant  and  summer  resident;  rare  winter 
resident  near  coast.  Mar.  1*7  Nov.  1  (winter).  Ejjcjs,  May  2- 
June  i;i. 

K.  1. —  Common  summer  and  rare  winter  resident.  April  1- 
Sept.  23  (winter).     Ej;<;s,  May  7-June  7. 

Cox.N. —  Common  mi<;raiit  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
Aj)ril-Oct.     Kjjgs,  A|)ril  17. 

113.     .\vcT.\NA.ss.\  viOL.\CEA  (Linn^')  Sharj)e. 

Yellow-crowned  night  heron. 

Ardca  violacca  Linn^,  Syst.  nat. ,  cd.  10.  17.")S,  vol.  1,  p.  1 };{. 
"i.\  Amkrkw  septen'trionali."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1S43, 
vol.  <i.  p.  S<»,  pi.  3(14. 

Swam|)s  and  lowlands;   nests  in  low  trees. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Deerinj;.  April  13,  IDUI;  Portland. 
April  11.  1«»0(;. 

Ma.s-s.—  .Vccidental  visitor:   six  instances.     July-Oct. 

K.  I. —  Accidental  vi.sitor:  .\ewport,  Aug.  1S<J2;  Tiverton, 
A|)ril  23,  ISSG. 


60  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PALUDICOLAE.  GRUES. 

GRUIDAE. 

114.  Grus  AMERICANA  (Linn^)  Vieillot. 

Whooping  crane. 

Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  3,  p.  188,  pi.  313. 
Ardea  americana  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  142. 
"in  America  septentrionali." 

Freshwater  marshes  and  open  lowlands;  nests  in  marshes. 
Vt.,  Mass. —  Supposed  to  have  been  a  migrant  in  colonial  times. 

115.  Grus  canadensis  (Linne)  Temminck. 

Little  brown  crane. 

Ridgway,  Manual  of  No.  Amer.  birds,  1887,  p.  135. 

Ardea  canadensis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  141. 
"in  America  septentrionali." 

Grus  fraterculus  Cassin.  Baird,  Cassin,  and  Lawrence,  Expl. 
and  surveys  for  railroad  to  Pacific,  1858,  birds,  pi.  37. 

Grassy  flats  and  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

U.  I.— Accidental  visitor:  Natick  Hill,  Oct.  9,  1889. 

116.  Grus  mexicana  (^Nliiller)  Vieillot. 

Sandhill  crane. 

Coues,  Key  to  No.  Amer.  birds,  ed.  5,  1903,  vol.  2,  p.  848. 

Ardea  {grus)  mexicana  ^Nliill.,  Linne's  Vollstand.  natursyst., 
suppl.,  1776,  p.  110.     "Mexico." 

Grus  americana  Forst.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5, 
pi.  314. 

Freshwater  marshes  and  open  lowlands;   nests  in  marshes. 

N.  H. —  Believed  to  have  occurred  formerly;  now  accidental 
visitor:  Wakefield,  1896  or  1897. 

Vt. —  Believed  to  have  occurred  formerly  as  a  migrant ;  now 
accidental  visitor:    Lunenburg. 

]Mass.,  Conn. —  Believed  to  have  occurred  formerly  as  a  migrant. 


AYES.  01 

PAirDICOlAK.  l;  Al.l.l. 

KAl-i,ll)Ai;. 

117.     KAfj,rs  ELEOAVs  Aiulnlxm. 

King  rail;    Fresh-marsh  hen;    Royal  rail. 

Auilul)oii.  ( )riiiili.  Itiojjr..  l.sii."),  vol.  ;>,  |i.  l'7,  pi.  L'(j;i.  "."-^oiTir- 
EKN  Statk.s."  ('(tiics.  Key  No.  .Viiicr.  Iiinls,  cil.  .'),  WHY.],  vol.  2, 
|).  S')4. 

Frt'.slnvah  r  iiiarsJH'.s;    nrsts  on  the  fjroiiiul. 

Me. —  Occa.sional  fall  visitor.     Sept.  I'.t-Dtc.  17. 
Mas.s. —  ( )cca.sional  visitor  at  all  seasons;    may  luccd. 
H.  I.   -  Harr  visitor  (four  records).      .Ian.,  Fel)..  Mar.,  fall. 
Conn. —  Han-    suniiuer    resident    (Sayhrook,     Stratford)     and 
occa.si(»nal  at  otluT  .sea.sons. 

11^.       IvAl.l-r.S  CHKPITAN.S  (iinelin. 

Clapper  rail;   Salt-marsh  hen. 

(Iniel.,  Svst.  nal..  17.SS,  vol.  1,  pt.  2.  p.  71;!.  "iX  XoVEBORACO." 
Andnlton,  Hinis  of  Ann  r.,  1S42,  vol.  5,  p.  10'),  pi.  310.  KflK-  Capen, 
18S0.  j)!.  20,  fijjs.  1 .  2. 

Saltwater  niarshe.s;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor  in  southern  comities:  Po|)ham  Beach, 
Oct.  12  and  (25),  1900;  Sahattus  Pond,  1S74;  '/York  and  Cum- 
berland Ccs. 

N.  II. —  Acciiiental  visitor:    Portsmouth. 

\'t. —  Accidental  visitor:    Hurlington   (Conger). 

M  \ss.^  ( )ccasional  visitor,  may  hrccd. 

K.  1. —  Douhtfully  recorded. 

Cox.\. —  Rare    visitor    and     smnmer     resident     (Xew     Haven 
Stratford). 

111).     HAi.i.rs  viRGiMAMs  Linn^'. 

Virginia  rail;    Water-hen. 
Linn^',  Sy.st.  nat..  ed.   12,    I7<»(),  vol.   1.  p.  2<):{.     "in   Amihka 


62  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PALUDICOLAE.  RALLI. 

RALLIDAE. 

SEPTENTRIOXALI."     Audubon,   Birds  of  Anier.,    1842,   vol.   5,   p. 
174,  pi.  311.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  20,  figs.  3,  4. 
Fresh  and  brackish  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  summer  resident.     Late  April-Oct. 

N.  H. —  Rare  summer  resident  south  of  White  Mts.  April- 
Oct.  1.     Eggs,  May  21-28. 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  resident  locally:    Burlington;    Rutland  Co. 

Mass. —  Summer  resident,  more  common  near  coast ;  rare 
winter  resident  (Cape  Cod).  April  11-Xov.  27  (Jan.  1,  1891, 
Worcester)  (winter).     Eggs,  ]\Iay  12- June  1. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April-Xov.  2. 
Eggs,  May  29. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     Eggs,  June  6. 

120.     PoRZANA  CAROLINA  (Linne)  Baird. 

Sora;   Carolina  rail;   Meadow-hen;   Rail-bird. 

Rallus  carolimis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  153. 
"in  America  septentrionali." 

Ortygometra  carolmus  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1842,  vol.  5,  p.  145,  pi.  306.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  20,  fig.  5. 

Fresh  and  brackish  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

INIe. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.  Late  April-Oct.  26. 
Eggs,  -July  27. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  northward  to  W^hite  Mt. 
valleys.     May-Oct. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident. 

]\Iass. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  (^Nlar. 
20)  April  14-Nov.  1  (Dec.  20).     Eggs,  June  9-11. 

R.  L —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (Mar.  2) 
April-Nov.  10.     Eggs,  ISIay  24. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April-Oct. 
(Dec.  29,  1881,  Hartford). 


AVES.  63 

PALLDKOLAi:.  KALI. I. 

RALLIDAE. 

121.  CoTURMCOPS    xovEBOHACENsis    (Gnu'liii)    Botiapartc. 

Yellow  rail. 

I'lilica  noirhorareusin  (miu-I.,  Syst.  iiat.,  17SS,  vol.  1,  pt.  L',  p.  701. 
"in  Xovebor.\co." 

Rallus  uovfboraccnsis  (Lath.).  Bonaparte,  Anicr.  oniitli.,  1S33, 
vol.  4,  ]).  13<).  |)1.  27,  fijj.  2.     V.g^,  Capt-n,  ISSC),  pi.  20,  fij:.  C. 

Frt'slnvatcr  inarshcs;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  and  .said  to  have  bred  near  Calais.  May  31 ; 
Oet.  4-Xov.  1.-). 

X.  H. —  Hare  migrant:    Hampton. 

\t. —  Hare  migrant:    Xe\v|)ort;   nortlurn  \"t. ;    Huiland  Co. 

M.\s.s. —  Hare  migrant  and  |)ossible  summer  resident.  April- 
May  2<1;  Sept.  2-()ct.  22. 

K.  1.  —  Hare  migrant  (five  records).     Sept.  2S. 

CoN'.v. —  Hare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant;  .said  to  have 
hred  at  Middlctown,  1S74,  lS7o.  (Mar.  24.  ( Jaylordsville);  Se|)t.- 
Oct.  14  (Xov.  10). 

122.  Chkci.scis  JAM.\i(E.\sis  ((Jniciiii)  Cahanis. 

Black  rail;    Little  black  rail. 
Hall  lis  jamairrn.si.'i  (Jmel..  Syst.  nat.,  17^^,  vol.   1.  pt.  2,  p.  71.S. 

".I  AMAICA." 

I'urzniKi   jatiuiirrn.tifi    ((rniel.).     Cha|>man,    Ilandh.    birds   east. 
Xo.  Am<'r.,  l.<a"),  |).  144;   Allen,  .\iik.  I'.tOO.  vol.  17,  pi.  1. 
I'reshwater  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Doubtfully  recorded  from  Scarborough.  (  )ct.  4,   ISSI. 

Ma.s.s. —  \'cry  rare  visitor  and  summer  residerU  (at  Chatham, 
Ilazardville).      M;iy  Di-Sept.  20.      Kgg->.  May. 

Co.N.v. —  Very  rare  suimner  resident  (at  Lyme,  Saybrook); 
also  taken  at  Ilazenville.     Kggs,  .Iiuic  (i-Julv  10. 


64  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PALUDICOLAE.  RALLI. 

RALLIDAE. 

123.  Crex  crex  (Linne)  Sharpe. 

Com  crake;   Daker-hen;   European  land  rail. 

Coues,  Key  to  No.  Amer.  birds,  ed.  5,  1903,  vol.  2,  p.  859. 
Ralhis  crex  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  ]).  153.     "ix 

EUROPAE  AGRIS,  CARECTIS." 

Crex  praiensis  Bechst.  Dresser,  Birds  of  Euro])e,  1871-81,  vol.  7, 
pi.  [499].     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  83,  pi.  22,  fig.  9. 

Grassy  meadows  and  grain  fields;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  from  Europe:   near  Falmouth,  Oct.  14,  1889. 

R.  I. —  Accidental  visitor:    Cranston,  1857. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:  Saybrook,  Oct.  20,  1887. 

124.  loNORNis  MARTINICA  (Linne)  Reichenbach. 

Purple  gallinule. 

Fulica  martinica  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  259. 
"in  Martinicae  inundatis." 

Gallinula  martinica  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  128,  pi.  303. 

Freshwater  marshes;  nests  among  rushes. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor.     April  11-Dec.  17. 

N.  H. —  Accidental  visitor:  Dover;  Rve. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Occasional  visitor,  mainly  in  April  and  Oct.-Nov., 
once  in  June. 

R.  L — Occasional  visitor.  Jan.;  May;  June  8,  1902,  Seaconnet 
Point;  Aug.;  fall. 

Conn. —  Rare  visitor:  Middletown,  1855. 

125.  Gallinula  galeata  (Lichtenstein)  Bonaparte. 

Florida  gallinule;    Pond  hen;    Red-billed  mud-hen. 
Crex  galeata  Licht.,  Verz.  d.  doubletten  zool.  mus.  Berlin,  1823, 
p.  80.    "San  Paulo,"  Brazil. 


AVES.  65 

PALLDICOLAE.  RALLI. 

KALLIDAE. 

Gallinula   rhloropu,^   Linii<''.     Auduhoii,   Binls  of  Ainer.,    1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  132.  pi.  304.     Egg,  Capen,  1.SS6,  pi.  20.  figs.  7.  S. 
pR'shwatfr  marshos;   nests  among  rushes  near  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  and  (?)  summer  resident.  May  5;  Sept. 
20-Ort.  16. 

.\.  II. —  Aecidental  visitor:   UoUinsford. 

\r. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  at  Lake  Roinoseen,  Lake 
("hamplain,  St.   All)ans.     April  2S  fall.     Eggs,   May  2.S-June  5. 

Ma.s.s. —  Rare  loeal  summer  resident,  mainly  near  eoast.  April 
29-Oet.  25  (Nov.  9).     Eggs,  June  .5-July  17. 

R.  I. —  L'neommon  local  smnmer  resident.     May-Xov.  29. 

Cow. —  l'neommon  local  sunnner  resilient.  Eggs,  June  25 
(Stratford). 

120.     EuLic.\  AMERic.w.v  Gmelin. 

American   coot;    Blue    Peter;     Coot;     Marsh  hen;     Mud-hen; 
Pond  crow;    Pond  hen. 

Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2.  p.  704.  "i\  .\.meric.\ 
SEPTE.NTRioxALi."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  IS  12,  vol.  5.  j).  138, 
|)1.  305.     Egg,  rai)en,  1880,  pi.  20,  fig.  9. 

Freshwater  pon<ls  and  marshes  mainly;    nests  among  reeds. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  in  fall.  (Mar.  23)  April  14- 
May  13;  Oct.  20-Xov. 

X.  li. —  Lncommon  migrant,  mainly  in  southern  part.  Spring; 
late  Aug.-Oct.  15. 

Vt. —  I'nconnnon  migrant  ami  rare  smnnur  resident  (Lake 
Bomoseen). 

Ma.s.s. —  Rare  s|)ring  and  uncommon  fall  migraiU;  rare  winter 
resident  near  coast;  may  breeti  rarely  (j)air.  Cheshire  reservoir, 
June  21,  1S'.)2).  Mar.  29-April  25;  (June  21);  (Aug.  10)  Sept. 
3-Xov.  (winter). 


66 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


PALUDICOLAE. 


RALLI. 


RALLIDAE. 


R.  I. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  in  fall.  Apnl-]May  28;  Sept. 
26-Dec.  20. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  in  fall.  Spring;  Sept.  29- 
Nov.  14. 

LIMICOLAE. 

PHALAROPODIDAE. 

127.  Phalaropus  fulicarius  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 

Red  phalarope;   Bank-bird;   Brown  bank-bird;   Gray  phalarope ; 
Gulf-bird;   Sea  goose;   Whale-bird. 

Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5,  p.  291,  pi.  339.  Egg, 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  18,  fig.  11;   pi.  19,  fig.  1. 

Tringa  fulicaria  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  148. 
*'Ajmerica." 

Chiefly  maritime;  nests  on  the  ground  in  marshes. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  offshore,  and  rare  summer 
resident  (near  Calais).     May  8-17;    (summer);    July  2o-Oct.  17. 

N.  H. —  Migrant,  mainly  offshore;  sometimes  common.  May; 
Oct. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant  at  Lake  Champlain. 

Mass. —  Offshore  migrant,  irregularly  common.  May  1-26; 
Aug.  31-Nov.  24. 

R.  L,  Conn. —  Offshore  migrant,  sometimes  common.  Late 
May;   Sept.  26-Dec.  20. 

128.  LoBiPES  LOBATUS  (Linne)  Baird,  Brewer,   &:  Ridgway. 
Northern    phalarope;     Bank -bird;     Jersey    goose;      Mackerel 

goose;  Red-necked  phalarope;  Sea  goose;  Sea  snipe;  Whale- 
bird;   White  bank-bird. 

Tringa  lobata  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  pp.  148,  824. 
"in  America  septentrionali,  Lapponia." 

Lohipes  hyperboreus  Lath.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  295,  pi.  340.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  131,  pi.  38,  fig.  1. 

Chiefly  maritime;   nests  on  the  ground  in  marshes. 


AVES.  67 

LIMICOLAE. 

rilALAUoroDIiJAE. 

Mk. —  Coininoii  luifirant,  mainly  offshore.  (Feb.)  May  3- 
Juiir    1.");    .Inly  21 -Nov. 

X.  H. —  Coininoii  iniijraiit,  mainly  ofl'sliorc.  May;  Aug.  0- 
Si'pi.  2-2. 

Mass. —  (^ommon  migrant,  mainly  offshore.  May  1-26;  Aug. 
lO-Oet.  U. 

H.  I. —  ("onnnon  migrant,  mainly  nll'shore.  May;  Aug.  IG- 
Sept.  1.3. 

Coxx. —  Offshore  migrant.     Spring?;  Aug.  4-Sept.  27  (Dec.  25). 

129.  Stegaxopu-s  tricolor  Vieillot. 
Wilson's  phalarope. 

\i(ill..  Xouv.  (lilt,  d'hist.  nat.,  1S19,  vol.  32,  p.  130.     'T.\ra- 

GLAY." 

I'lialarnpu.s-  irilsonii  Sn\)'un\  Swainson  ami  Ricliardson,  Fauna 
Boreali-Ainer.,  1K31,  vol.  2,  p.  40"),  j)!.  09. 

Cliicdy  freshwater  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Sabattus  Pond,  Sei)t.  or  Oct.  1906; 
Scarborough,  tiiree,  June  9,  1891. 

X.  II.      Accidental  visitor:   Rye  Beach,  Aug.  15,  1872. 

Ma.ss. —  Accidental  visitor  (five  rcc-ords).  ]May  20;  Aug. 
l.S-31. 

\i.  I. —  Accidi'iital  (fall)  visitor  (five  records).     Aug.  2-Sei)t.  13. 

Coxx. —  Accidental  visitor:    Bridgeport. 

RECURVIROSTRIDAE. 

130.  Kecluviuo.stuv  .\.mi:uica.\a  (imelin. 

American  avocet. 

(imel.,  Sysf.  nat.,  17SS,  vol.  1,  pi.  2,  |i.  693.  "i\  A.merica 
sei»te.\trio\.\li  &  xov.\  II()i.i..vM)i.v."  .Vudubon,  Birds  of  Amcr., 
1S43,  vol.  C.  p.  21,  pi.  353. 


68  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOL.\E 

RECURVIROSTRIDAE. 

Open  lowlands  and  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:    Cape  Elizabeth,  Xov.  5,  1878. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:  St.  Albans,  fall,  1875,  and  1890; 
(nee  Rutland,  1882). 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  Ipswich,  three,  Sept.  13,  1896; 
LATin;   Xatick,  Oct.  19,  1880. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:  between  Savbrook  and  East  Lvme, 
1871. 

131.  Hlmantopus  mexicanus  (Miiller)  Ord. 
Black-necked  stilt. 

Charadrius  mexicanus  Midi.,  Linne's  Vollstand.  natursyst., 
suppl.,  1776,  p.  117.     "Mexico." 

Himantopus  nigricollis  Vieill.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1843,  vol.  6,  p.  31,  pi.  354. 

Salt  marshes  and  lagoons;  nests  on  the  ground. 

]Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Rockland,  jNIay,  1889;  {nee  Board- 
man,  New  Brunswick). 

N.  H.^ —  Accidental  visitor:    Rye  Beach. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:    Lynn;    Mass.  coast. 

SCOLOPACID.IE. 

132.  Philohela  minor  (Gmelin)  Gray. 
American  woodcock;    Bog-sucker;    Woodcock. 

Scolopax  minor  Gmcl.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  661. 
"in  Americae,  a  Septembri  inde  in  Carolinae,  ab  Aprilis 
FINE  in  Noveboraci  silvis  humidis." 

Microptera  americana  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  6, 
p.  15,  pi.  352.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  19,  fig.  2. 

Freshwater  swamps,  damp  woods  and  thickets;  nests  on  the 
ground. 


AVES.  69 

LIMK'OLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

Me. —  Coiiimoii  iiii^'raiit  aiul  suinincr  resident ;  jiossihly  winters. 
(Mar.  10)  Mar.  23-Nov.  30  (Dec.  LS)  (Feb..  two  iiistaiiees). 
Kg>j.s,  April  2C>-May  I'.l. 

X.  H. —  Uneoininoii  niijirant  and  suniiner  resident.  Late 
Mar.-Oet.     E^fTs.  May  10. 

\'t. —  I'licoiiiiiioii  nii<;raiit  and  stninncr  resident.  Mar.  27()et. 
EjIfTs,  May  1. 

Ma.s.s. —  Coniincm  ini^nant  and  nneommoii  .suninier  resident; 
rare  in  winter.     Mar.  4-X()V.  25  (winter).     Eg^s,  Ajuil  1  iMay  (5. 

K.  I. —  Common  mij;rant  and  now  a  rare  summer  resident. 
Mar.-Dec.  4.     E^gs,  Aj)ril  5-]May  17. 

Cox\. —  Common  migrant,  nncommon  summer  and  winter 
resident.  Feh.  2r>-Xov.;  winter.  E<;gs,  (Mar.  .30)  April  ."i- 
June  3;   July  20  (2d  brood). 

133.     G.vi.Li.NAGo  DELic.vT.v  (Ord)  A.  (J.  U.  cheek-list. 

# 

Wilson's   snipe;     Alewife-bird;     Common   snipe;    English   snipe; 
Jack  snipe. 

Scolopdx  delicata  Ord,  Wilson's  C)rnith.,  lS2o,  vol.  9,  |).  ecxviii. 
"Kentucky,.  .  .  .  Illinois,.  . .  .Pennsylv.\nl\." 

Srnlojxt.r  wil.wiiii  Temm.  Audubon,  Bird.s  of  Amer.,  1S42, 
vol.  .5,  j).  330.  pi.  3.')0.     Ejrj:.  Capen,  ISSC.  pi.  U),  fig.  3. 

Fresh  and  brackish  ineaiiows  and  marshes;    nests  on  the  L'fonnd. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  summer  resident,  .\pril  19- 
May  1.5;  summer;  Sej)t.-Xov.  1.'). 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  coastwise;  very  rare  winter 
resident    (X'ashua).     Mar.-May    7;     July   22-mid-l)ec.    (winter). 

Vt. —  I'ncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident  (Kinland 
Co.);    ?  "summer  resident." 

M.\.s.s. —  Common  migrant,  rare  winter  resident;  rare  and 
irregular  summer  resident  (at  Carlisle.  Concord).  (Mar.  S)  Mar. 
20-May  18;   (.summer);  Aug.  1-Xov.  30  (winter). 


70  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident.  Mar.  9- 
May  6;   (July  29)  Aug.  12-Nov.  14  (Dec.,  Jan.). 

CoNX. —  Common  migrant,  rare  summer  and  winter  resident. 
Mar.  18-Dec.;   winter.     Eggs,  May  13  (Portland). 

134.  Macrorhamphus  griseus  (Gmelin)  Leach. 

Dowitcher;  Brownback;  Deutscher;  Fool  plover;  German 
snipe;  Grayback;  Gray  snipe;  Red-breasted  snipe;  Robin 
snipe. 

Scolopax  grisea  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  658.     "in 

NoVEBORACI  MARITIMIS." 

Scolopax  novehoracensis  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1843,  vol.  6,  p.  10,  pi.  351.  Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  143,  pi.  41, 
fig.  8._ 

Chiefly  maritime  marshes  and  mudflats;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  coastwise.  May  21-29;  late  July- 
Sept.  (Oct.  29). 

N.  H. — -Migrant,  common  in  fall.     May  20-25;    July  20-Sept. 

Mass. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant,  mainly  coast- 
wise.    May  1-June  7  (June  18);   July  5-Sept.  30. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  coastwise.     INIay;    July  5-Oct.  20. 

CoNX. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  in  fall. 

135.  Macrorhamphus  scolopaceus   (Say)   Lawrence. 

Long-billed  dowitcher. 

Elliot,  New  and  unfigured  birds  Xo.  Amer.,  1869,  vol.  2,  pi.  40. 
Limosa  scolopacea  Say,  Long's  exped.  to  Rocky  Mts.,  1823,  vol. 
1,  p.  170.    "near  the  Bowyer  creek,"  Iowa. 

Chieflv  maritime  marshes  and  mudflats;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mass. —  Rare  fall  migrant.     Aug.  29-Nov.  3. 

R.  L— Rare  fall  migrant:   Middletown,  Oct.  8,  1890. 


AYES.  71 

LIMI(t»LAi:. 

SC'OLUPACIDAE. 

130.     MiCROPALAMA  iiiMANToPus  ( Boiuipiirtc)   Bainl. 

Stilt  sandpiper;  Bastard  yellow-leg;  Long-legged  sandpiper; 
Mongrel. 

Trituja  liiinanfopii.f  Boiia|).,  Ami.  lytciiiu  iial.  liist.  NCw  \  oik, 
1S2«».  vol.  2.  |).  1.57.  "Li^Nc.  Hkanch,  New  Jersey."  B<)na|>., 
AiinT.  orniili..  \X'.V.\,  vol.  4,  p.  S[),  j»l.  2'),  fij;.  3. 

Marslu's  and  imidHats;  nests  on  the  groiinil. 

Me. —  Rare  fall  niiirrant  eoastwi.se.  July  19-Sept.  20  (Oct. 
2,  I'.KIS.  riiie  roint). 

.\.  1 1.  -  Rare  fall  nuj;rant  eoastwise.     July  31-Au^.  2S, 

Ma.s.s. —  I'neoininoii  fall  niij;rant  coastwise.     July  10-Sept.  29. 

R.  I. —  Very  rare  spriiip  and  uncommon  fall  niiirrant.  May  9, 
180.'),  Sakoiuiet  Point;  July  0-Sept.  10. 

C'oNX. —  Rare  niijxrant:   Xcw  Haven,  Sej)t.  10,  InsO. 

137.     Tringa  canutus  Linne. 

Knot;  Ash-colored  sandpiper;  Blue  plover;  Grayback;  Gray 
snipe;  Red-breasted  plover  or  sandpiper;  Robin  snipe; 
Silver  plover. 

Linne,  .^y>i.  nat..  ed.  10.  17.')N.  vol.  1.  p.  140.  "i\  Europa." 
Efit:,  Seehohm,  ISOO,  p.  144,  pi.  43,  fij:.  10. 

Tringa  l.tlandica  Linii^''.  Auduhon,  Rinls  nf  Anier.,  1><42,  vol.  5, 
p.  2.')4,  pi.  32S. 

Sandy  l>eaches;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  X.  H. —  Uncommon  mijjrant  coastwise.  May  21  .June  11; 
Auj;.-Sept. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  mij;rant  coastwise,  casual  inland  (S|>rinf;field); 
rare  winter  resident.  May  11- June  o  (June  2.5);  July  13-Xov.  8 
(winter). 

R.  1. —  ComuKin  migrant  coastwi.se.     May;   July  ll-Se|)t.  14. 

CoN'X. —  Common  inijrrant  coastwise. 


72  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LLMICOLAE.  ' 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

138.  Arquatella  maritima  (Brlinnich)  Coues. 

Purple  sandpiper;    Rock  snipe;    Winter  peep;    Winter  snipe. 

Tringa  maritima  Briinn.,  Ornith.  borealis,  1764,  p.  54.  "Chris- 
tiansoe"  I.,  Denmark,  and  "Norvegia."  Audubon,  Birds  of 
Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5,  p.  261,  pi.  330.  Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  146, 
pi.  43,  figs.  2,  5. 

Rocky  islands  and  coasts  of  the  sea;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise;  acci- 
dental in  summer.  Sept.  15-April  (Aug.  6,  1907,  ^Nletinic  Green 
Id.;  Aug.  11,  1902,  Metinic  reef). 

N.  H. —  Rare  winter  visitor  coastwise. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Common  fall  and  winter  visitor  coastwise.  (July  30) 
Sept.  6-April  19  (May  11). 

R.  I. —  Common  winter  resident  on  rocky  coasts.  Sept.  13- 
April  15. 

Conn. —  Common  winter  resident  on  rocky  islands  coastwise. 

139.  PisoBiA  MACULATA  (Vieillot)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 

Pectoral  sandpiper;    Brown-back;   Creaker  or  Krieker;    Grass- 
bird;   Grass  snipe;  Jack  snipe;   Pert;  Squatter. 

Tringa  maculata  Vieill.,  Nouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  1819,  vol.  34, 
p.  4G5.  "aux  Iles  Antilles  et  dans  les  parties  meridionales 
DES  Etats-Unis." 

Tringa  ■pectoralis  Bonap.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  259,  pi.  329.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  148,  pi.  43,  fig.  12. 

Marshes  and  mudflats;   nests  on  the  ground. 

i\lE. —  Raje  spring  and  common  fall  migrant,  mainly  coastwise. 
(Spring);   Aug.  13-Oct.  5. 

N.  H. —  Migrant,  common  in  fall,  mainly  coastwise.  July-Oct. 
10. 


AVK.S.  73 

LIMICOLAE. 

SC'OLOI'ACIDAI:. 

Vt. —  I'ncoimnon  fall  migrant. 

Mass. —  Rare  s|)rinp  and  coimnon  fall  iiiijjraiit.  (April  4)  April 
9-May  IG  (May  23);   July  15-Xov.  11. 

\l.  1.  —  Rari' spring  and  coininoii  full  iiii<;raiit.  .\.|)ril  2.'3;  July 
ir)-()<t.  20. 

Conn. —  Rare  sprinjx  and  common  fall  iniffrant. 

140.  PisoHiA  1  rsciroi.i.is  i\icill()t)  A.  <  ).  L'.  cnmni. 

White-nimped   sandpiper;    Bonaparte's  sandpiper;     Bull-peep; 
Schinz's  sandpiper. 

Tringa  fuscirolUs  Vifill.,  Xouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  1819,  vol.  34, 
p.  4()1.     "Paraguay.  "  Egg,  Sfcboliin.  is<t().  p.  14.'),  pi.  43,  fig.  8. 

ActcKlrovius  fuscicoUi.s  (\"K'ill.).  Raird,  Rri-wcr,  and  Ridgway, 
Water  bird.s  of  Xo.  Amer..  1SS4,  vol.  1,  |).  227,  fig. 

Tringa  .sritiiizii  Hrehni.  .Auduhon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  183'),  vol.  3, 
pi.  278. 

Beaches  and  marshy  shores;  nests  on  the  ground. 

^Ik. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  coastwise.  May  20,  30; 
late  July-Oct.  23  (Xov.  iSj. 

X.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  coastwise.  ?  Spring;  July- 
Oct.  14. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  fall  migrant.     Aug.-Se|)t. 

Ma.ss. —  Rare  spring  and  common  fall  migrant  mainly  coastwise. 
May  1.'>-June  o;    July  lO-Xov.  10. 

1{.  1. —  Uncommon  fall  migrant.     Julv  ll-Oct. 

Co.NN. —  Uncommon   migrant.     Aug.  31. 

141.  PisnniA  HAiKDii  (Coucs)  .\.  (J.  U.  comm. 

Baird's  sandpiper. 

Aciodromns  bairdii  Coues,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Pliila.,  Istil.  |). 
194.  "XoRTH  A.MERICA."  Baird,  Rnwcr.  and  Ridgway,  Water 
birds  Xo.  Amer.,  18.S4.  vol.  1,  |).  2.30,  colored  fig.  of  head. 


74  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

Beaches  and  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.— Rare  fall  migrant.  Aug.  7-Sept.  20  (Xov.  1,  1881, 
Bangor) . 

N.  H.—  Rare  fall  migrant.     Aug.  26-Sept  5. 

Mass. —  Rare  fall  migrant.     July  27-Oct.  1. 

R.  I. —  Rare  fall  migrant  (seven  records).     Aug.  26-Sept.  17. 

CoNX.—  Rare  fall  migrant:  New  Haven,  Oct.  19,  1889,  Oct.  28, 
1887;  Stratford,  Xov.  3,  1888. 

142.     PisoBiA  MiNUTiLLA  (Vieillot)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 

Least  sandpiper;    Bumble  bee;    Meadow  ox-eye;     Mud  peep; 
Peep;    Wilson's  sandpiper. 

Tringa  miniitilla  Vieill.,  Xouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  1819,  vol.  34, 
p.  466.  "ex  Amerique  jusqu'au  dela  du  Cax.vda."  Egg, 
Seebohm,  1896,  p.  149,  pi.  44,  fig.  8. 

Tringa  pusilla  Wils.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842.  vol.  5, 
p.  280,  pi.  337. 

Marshes  and  mudflats;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.— Common  migrant.     May  13-24  (June);    July  5-Oct.  1 

(Oct.  15). 

X.  H.— Common  migrant.     Late  May- June  3;    July  10-Sept. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant. 

Mass.—  Common  migrant.  (April  18)  INIay  5-June  7;  (sum- 
mer) July  6-Sept.  21  (Oct.  13). 

R.  I.— Common  migrant.     (April  25)-May  26;    July  15-Oct. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant.     May- June;   Aug.-Sept. 

143.     Pelidxa  alpina  (Linn6)  C.  L.  Brehm. 
European  dunlin. 

Sharpe,  Cat.  birds  British  mus.,  1896,  vol.  24,  p.  602.  Dresser, 
Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  8,  p.  [21],  pi.  [548]. 


AVES.  75 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAi:. 

Tringn  alpina  Linn^',  Syst.  nat..  cd.  10.  17.')S,  vol.  1,  j).  1  lit.     "ix 
Lappo\i.\."     Kj:j:,  Sechohm.  IS'.MI.  p.  111.  \>\.  4:i,  fip:.s.  7,  «.). 
Bcaflu'.s  and  marshes;   ne.sts  on  the  <;rf)un(l. 

^Iass. —  Accidental  froni  Ulil  World:    Cliathani,  Aug.  11,  1000. 

141.     Pkmdna  alpina  sakiiali.na  (Vieillot)  Btiturlin. 

American  dunlin;  Black-bellied  sandpiper;  Black-breast; 
Brant-bird;  Crooked-billed  snipe;  Fall  snipe;  Lead-back; 
Ox-bird;   Ox-eye;   Red-back;   Red-backed  sandpiper. 

Scolajxix  sakhaliua  Vieill..  Xouv.  diet.  (Khist.  nat..  islfi,  vol.  ,3, 
p.  3.59.     "e\  RU.S.SIE." 

Triiifja  alpina  Linn6.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Anier.,  1S142,  vol.  5, 
p.  200,  pi.  332. 

Beaches  and  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Hare    spring    and    commoner    fail    migrant    coastwi.se 
Late  May;    Oct.-Xov.  17. 

X.  H. —  Uncommon  coastwi.se  migrant. 

Mass. —  Hare  spring  and  common  fall  migrant  coastwi.se. 
(?Mar.  1.5)  late  Ajiril-Mav  20  (.June  IS);  .Se|)t.  l-Dec.  13  (Dec. 
24). 

U.  1. —  Rare  spring  and  common  fall  migrani  < oii^iw  i^f.  -May; 
Aug.  29-()ct.  20. 

Conn. —  Rare  s|)ring  and  common  r;ill  micrrant;    "ni.iy  winter." 

14.5.     Ku<»i,i.\  lERRiGiNEA  (Brunnich)  .\.  O.  U.  comm. 
Curlew  sandpiper. 

Trincjd  frrrurjinra  Briimi..  r)niith.  hor.,  17G4,  p.  .53.  "1si,am»ia 
&  Ciiri.stiansok"  I.si.ani). 

Triiuja  .tuharqiiata  Tennn.  .Vuduhon,  Bird.>  of  Anur..  1S42, 
vol.  5.  p.  200,  pi.  333. 

Seacoasts  and  tundras;    nests  on  the  ground. 


76  FAUNA  OF  NEW  EXGL.\ND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

]\Ie. —  Accidental  visitor:  Pine  Point,  Cumberland  Co.,  Sept.  15, 
ISSl. 

jNIass. —  Accidental  visitor:    five  records.     May;    Aug. 

R.  I. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

CoNX. —  Accidental  visitor:  four  records.  (June  1S74,  Xew 
Haven);   Aug.  30-Oct.  3. 

146.  Ereunetes  pusillus  (Linne)  Cassin. 

Semipalmated    sandpiper;     Black-legged    peep;     Peep;     Sand 
ox-eye;  Sand  peep. 

Tringa  pusilla  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  2.52. 
"in  Domingo." 

Tringa  semipalmata  Wils.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  18-42, 
vol.  5,  p.  277,  pi.  336. 

Sand  beaches  and  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant.     ]May-June  5;  July  29-Sept.  28  (Oct.). 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant.     May;    July-early  Sept. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  to  larger  lakes. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant;  non-breeding  birds  occur  in  summer 
coastwise.  (May  1)  May  13-June  14;  (summer);  July  3-Oct.  8 
(Oct.  30).  "^  ' 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.     ]May  13-June  2;  July  14^0ct.  10. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant.     ^Nlav-earlv  June;    Julv-Oct. 

147.  Ereunetes  MAURI  Cabanis. 

Western  semipalmated  sandpiper 

Cab.,  Joum.  f.  ornith.,  1856,  p.  419.     "Cuba." 

Ereunetes  pusillus  occidentalis  (Lawrence).     Baird,  Brewer,  and 

Ridgway,  Water  birds  of  No.  Amer.,  1884,  vol.  1,  p.  206,  fig.  of 

head. 

Sand  beaches  and  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 


AVES.  77 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACID.VE. 

N    H.—  Rare  fall  migrant:   HamjUon.  Oct.  10,  1S99. 
Mass. —  I'ncoimnon  fall  niiirraiit.     July  lU-Scpt.  20. 
R.  I. —  Ran'  fall  migrant:    Middlftowii,   Aug.  25,  and  .\ug.  29, 
1899. 

Cow.       Rare  fall  migrant:    Lyme.  Sept.  4,  1889  (six). 

14S.     rAi.ii>His  i.KiTopnAEA  (Pallas)  A.  (  ).  r.  comm. 

Sanderling;     Beach-bird;     Beach    plover;     Bull-peep;      Gray- 
back;   Ruddy  plover;  Surf  snipe;   Whitey;   Whiting. 

Tringa  liurop/nua  i'alla.s.  in  ^'rot'g's  Catalogue,  17()4.  p.  .32. 
N'(»UTH  Sea  coa.st. 

Tringa  armaria  Bonap.  Auduhon,  BinJs  of  Amcr.,  1SJ2,  vol. 
5,  p.  2S7,  pi.  338.     Egg,  Seebohm,  189r),  p.  loO,  pi.  41,  fig.  4. 

Saiui  beaches;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  X.  H. —  Uncommon  s|)ring  and  common  fall  migrant  coa.st- 
wi.se.     May  5-30;  late  .luly-Oct.  13  (Nov.  5.  Portland). 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant.     Sept. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  ccmstwi.se  migrant  and,  south  of  Cape  Cod, 
a  winter  resident.  (Late  April)  May  19-.June  4  (June  24);  July 
6-I)ee.  6  (Dec.  13);    winter. 

li.  1. —  Common  migrant,  casual  inland;  probably  a  rare  winter 
resident.     (Mar.  20)  May-June;   Aug.  l-\ov.  5. 

Co.\.\. —  Common  migrant  coastwi.se.     May;    July-Oct. 

149.     Li.Mo.sA  1  KDOA  (Liime)  Sabine. 

Marbled  godwit;    Brown  marlin;    Red  curlew. 

Audub(»n.  Birds  of  Amer.,  1.S42,  vol.  5,  |).  331,  pi.  'MX. 
Scolo]xi.r  frdoa  Linn^,  Syst.  nat..  cd.  10.  1758,  vol.  1,  J).  140.     "i\ 

.\m ERICA  SEITE.NTKIO.NALI." 

Beaches  ami  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant.  May,  1884  (Scarborough);  Aug.  8- 
Sept.  13. 


78  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

N.  H.—  Rare  migrant:  Rye  Beach,  Aug.  27,  1868. 

Vt. —  Formerly  a  migrant. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant.     May  20-23;   July  17-Sept.  5. 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     Aug.  6-Oct.  2. 

Coxx. —  Rare  migrant.     Aug. 

150.  I.niosA  HAEMASTiCA  (Linne)  Coues. 

Hudsoniangodwit;  Black-tail;  Goose-bird;  Ring-tailed  marlin; 
Spot-rump. 

Scolopax  haemosfica  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  147. 
"in  America  septextrioxali." 

Limosa  hudsonka  Lath.     Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5, 

p.  335,  pi.  349. 

Beaches  and  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  fall  migrant  coastwise. 
N.  H. —  Rare  fall  migrant  coastwise.     Aug.  2-Oct. 
Vt. —  Rare  migrant:   Burlington. 

Mass.— Rare  (?  spring  and)  fall  migrant.     (?  April  29-]^Iay 
25);  July  15-Xov.  7. 

R.  L — Rare  (?  spring  and)  fall  migrant  coastwise.     July  22- 

Oct.  13. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant. 

151.  ToTAXUS  melaxoleucus  (Gmelin)  Vieillot. 

Greater  yellow-legs;    Cucu;    Greater  tattler  or  telltale;    Long- 
legged  tattler;   Stone  snipe;    Winter  yellow-legs. 

Scolopax  melanoleuca  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  659. 

"aUCTUMXO  IX  AREXIS  LITTORIS  LABRADOR." 

Totamis  vonifems  Wils.     Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5, 

p.  316,  pi.  345. 

Salt  and  fresh  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 


AVKS.  70 

I.IMl("(»LAi:. 

scolopacidap:. 

Me. —  Coinnioii  ini<:rant  ami  jiossibly  a  rare  suinmcr  rt'siilent 
ill    fxtriMiic    north    (Woolastook    valley).     Late    April-May    19 
I.July);   Int.-  .hily-Oet.  22. 

N.  II. —  (tjininon  mifiraiit,  mainly  coastwise.  May;  .Inly  17- 
Oet.  27. 

Vt. —  I'neonunon  nii>;rant.     May;   fall. 

Mas.s. —  Common  niijjrant  mainly  coastwise;  a  few  non-hreed- 
ing  hinis  rarely  smnmer.  (Mar.  27)  April  4-.Tune  l(i  (.Innc  2S); 
July  0-Xov.  12.    . 

K.  I.— Common  mi^rrant.  (?  :\Iar.  10)  \\m\  10-May  26; 
.Inly  20-Xov.  4. 

Co.NX. —  Connnon  mifjrant.  May   14-.Tnne   1    (.Tunc   13,   1S9S 
New  r^oTulon);   Auf;-Xov.  1."). 

lo2.     ToTAMS  FLAViPEs  (Gmclin)  Vieillot. 

Yellow-legs;    Lesser  yellow-legs;    Summer  yellow-legs;    Wan- 
dering tattler. 

An(lul)on.  Birds  of  Amer..  1S42.  vol.  ."),  p.  31.3.  i>l.  344.  E^g, 
Seebohm,  l.SOO,  j).  1.30.  pi.  44,  fig.  11. 

Srolo/Ki.r  Jiavipcft  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat..  17SS.  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  0.")!). 
"in  N()VP:n()itACO." 

Salt  and  fresh  marshes;  nests  on  the  <jround. 

Me. —  Rare  sprinj;  and  connnon  fail  migrant.  .May  1(>;  lafc 
.lnly-(()ct.  17). 

X.  H. —  Hare  spring  and  connncMi  fall  migrant.  May;  .Vng.- 
Sept.  4. 

Vt. —  Tncommon  migrant. 

Mass.  Kare  spring  and  common  early  fall  migrant,  .\pril  29- 
.Jnne  2  (June  1.5);  July  lO-Sept.  29  (( )ct.  1 1  and  30). 

li.  I. —  Uare  spring  and  connnon  fall  migrant.  Aj)ril  2S;  ,Inly 
3-Oct.  I. 

Co.NN. —  Rare  spring  and'common  fall  niigrani.  .May  7;  .Vug. 
17C)ct. 


80  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LLMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

153.  Helodromas  solitarius  CNYilson)  Sharpe. 
Solitary  sandpiper  or  tattler. 

Tringa  solitaria  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1813,  vol.  7,  p.  53,  pi.  58, 
fig.  3.     "Kentucky  to  New  York." 

Totanns  solitarius  (Wils.).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  309,  pi.  343.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  19,  fig.  6. 

Borders  of  woodland  streams  and  ponds,  rarely  near  salt  water; 
nests  on  the  ground  or  In  other  birds'  deserted  nests. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northern  part  a  rare  summer 
resident  (AVoolastook  vallev).     INIav  7-30;    summer-Oct.  2  (Oct. 

21). 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant,  and  possibly  a  rare  summer  resident. 
May  9-June;  July  17-(Nov.  1). 

Yt. —  Common  migrant;  reported  breeding  at  Lake  Bomoseen, 
St.  Albans  Bay,  Wells  River.  May-Sept.  3.  Eggs,  middle  of 
May. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  inland.  May  2-26  (June) ; 
(July  8)  July  20-Oct.  14  (Nov.  28). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant.     oNIay  3-20;   July  18-Sept.  25. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant.     May  2-(June  10);    Aug.-Sept. 

154.  Catoptrophorus   semipalmatus    (Gmelin)   Bonaparte. 
Willet;    Goose-bird;    Humility. 

Scolopax  semipalmata  Gmelin,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2, 
p.  659.     "in  Novebor,\co." 

Totanns  semipalmatus  Lath.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  324,  pi.  347.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  19,  figs.  4,  5. 

Salt  and  fresh  marshes,  and  beaches;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Rare  migrant  coastwise.     Oct.  25. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant:    ^Nliddlebury. 

Mass.^  Rare  migrant  coastAvise;  formerly  rare  summer  resident 


AVES.  81 

LTMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

(IMuskcjret,  about  1SG9,  New  Bedford).  May  2-31  (Jtino  17): 
July  ,S-Se|)t.  11. 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant  coastwise,  mainly  in  fall.  May;  .Inly  2- 
Sept.  IS. 

('<>\.\. —  Formerly  a  rare  summer  resident  (Madison,  Stratford), 
now  only  a  rare  migrant.  May;  (summer);  Aug.  9-Oct.  Eggs, 
June  5.  iST.i. 

155.     Catofikophorus    SEMiP.\i,.MATr.s    INOR.N'ATUS     (Brewster) 
A.  ( >.  I',  comm. 

Western  willet. 

Symphcmia  scmipalm<ita  inornata  Brewst.,  Auk,  ls>>7,  vol.  4, 
j).  145.     "Larimer  County,  Color.\do." 

Totauus  semipahiKiiuJt  Temm.  Swainson  and  Richardson,  Fauna 
Boreali-Amer.,  1S31,  vol.  2,  j).  388,  pi.  ()7. 

Salt  and  fresh  marshes,  and  beaches;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Mass. —  Rare  fall  migrant:  Newburx-jiort,  Aug.  5,  1908  (and 
probably  most  of  tho.se  now  found). 

CoXN. —  Rare  fall  migrant:  Stony  Creek,  Aug.  15,  1897,  and 
other  fall  birds. 

15().     Pavoncella  pugnax  (Linn^)  Ix'ach. 
Ruff  {d)\   Reeve  (9). 
Tringa  pugnax  Linn^,  Syst.  nut.,  ed.   10,  1758,  vol.   1,  p.  148. 

"l\  KlROPA  MIXVS  BOREAI.I." 

Marlicfi-.s  pugnax  lAunO.  Dresser.  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81, 
vol.  S.  p.  [S7].  i)ls.  [557,  558].  Egg,  Seebohm.  1890,  p.  135,  |)1.  42, 
figs.  4,  0. 

Shores  and  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.— Accidental  from  ()1»1  World:  Camden.  Sept.  14.  KMX); 
Scarborough.  April  10,  1870;   Tpton,  Sei)t.  8,  1874. 


82  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

N.  H. —  Accidental  visitor:  Seabrook,  Sept.  23,  1907. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  Chatham,  Sept.  12,  1880;  Nan- 
tucket, July,  1901;  Newburyport  marshes,  May  20,  1871. 

R.  I. —  Accidental  visitor:  Point  Judith,  Aug.  31,  1903;  Sakon- 
net,  July  30,  1900. 

157.  Bartramia  longicauda  (Bechstein)  Bonaparte. 

Bartramian  sandpiper;    Field  plover;    Grass  plover;    Pasture 
plover;    Upland  plover. 

Tringa  longicauda  Bechst.,  Kurze  uebers.  vogel  Lathams,  1812, 
vol.  2,  p.  453.     North  America. 

Tringa  bartramia  Wils.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5, 
p.  248,  pi.  327.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  19,  figs.  9,  10. 

Grassy  prairies  and  fields;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant,  and  uncommon  local  summer  resident. 
April  19-summer;  Aug.  4-Sept.  16.     Eggs,  June  6. 

N.  H. —  Now  uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  in 
southern  part.     May  4-Sept. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  April  24- 
Sept.     Eggs,  May  26. 

Mass. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant,  rare  local 
summer  resident;  formerly  commoner.  April  3-May  10;  summer; 
July  16-Sept.  14.     Eggs,  May  25- June  3  (June  22). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant;  formerly  more  common  and  prob- 
ably bred.     April;   Aug.  2-Sept.  18. 

Conn. —  Formerly  common  summer  resident ;  now  an  uncom- 
mon migrant.     May  2;  fall. 

158.  Tryngites   subruficollis    C^-'ieillot)    Ridgway. 

Buff-breasted  sandpiper;   Hill  grass-bird. 

Tringa  subruficollis  Vieill.,  Nouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  1819,  vol.  34, 
p.  465.     "Paraguay." 


AVES.  S3 

LIMICOLAE 

scoLOPAcinAi-:. 

Trinrja  rufescens  \'um11.     Aiuluhon,  Birds  of  Aiacr.,  IS  12,  vol.  o, 
p.  264,  I )1.  331.     Eprg,  Seehohin,  1896,  j).  151,  pi.  43,  fi«;.  11. 
Grassy  uplands  and  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  fall  nii<;rant  coastwise.     Aug. -Sept.  o. 
X.  II. —  Rare  fall  migrant  cnnstwise:   Portsmouth;   Rye  Beach, 
Aug.  25  and  2S.  1871. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully   reiorded. 

Mas.s. —  Rare  fall  migrant  coastwise.     July  2S-Sept.  24. 
R.  I. —  Rare  fall  migrant  coastwi.se.     Sept.  6-15. 
Coxx. —  Rare  fall  migrant  coastwise.     Aug.-Sept.  30. 

150.     AcTiTis  MACUi.ARiA   (I.innf?)  Xauniann. 

Spotted  sandpiper;    Ox-eye;    Peet-weet;    Sand  lark;    Teeter 
peep;   Tip-tail;   Tip-up. 

Tritiga  m<icularia  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  12,  1706,  vol.  1,  p.  249. 
"in  EiROPA  &  America  septentrionali." 

Toianu^  macularius  Wils.  Audubon.  Birds  of  Amcr.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  303,  pi.  342.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  19,  figs.  7,  8. 

Seac-oast  and  freshwater  streams  and  lakes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April  26- 
Oct.  3  (Nov.  19).     Eggs,  May  20-July  1. 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  antl  summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions.    May  1-Oct.     Eggs,  May  31. 

\t. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions.    Late  April-Sept. 

Mass. —  Conynon  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (.Vpril  19) 
April  26-Xov.  6  (Xov.  14).     Eggs,  May  2.5-July  4. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  16)- 
Oct.  3.     Eggs.  May  27-June  6. 

CoNX. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  Late  April- 
Oct.  6.     Eggs,  May  31-June  L 


84  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOPACIDAE. 

160.  NuMENius  AMERiCANUS  Bcchstcin. 

Long-billed  curlew;    Great  curlew;    Hen  curlew;   Sickle-bill. 

Bechst.,  Kurze  uebers.  vogel  Lathams,  1812,  vol.  4,  pt.  2,  p.  432. 
"New  York  &  Hudson  Bay." 

Numenius  longirostris  Wils.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843, 
vol.  6,  p.  35,  pi.  355. 

Marshes  and  grassy  flats;  nests  on  the  ground. 

INIe. —  Very  rare  migrant.     May  2;  Aug. 

N.  H. —  Formerly  rare,  now  accidental  migrant.     Aug.  12-25. 
Mass. —  Now  an  accidental  migrant.     July  20-Oct.  18. 
R.   I. —  Now  an   accidental   migrant;    last   record   Jamestown, 
Sept.  9,  1897.     July  15-Sept.  9. 

CoNX. —  Formerly  uncommon,  now  accidental  migrant.     Aug.  3. 

161.  Numenius  hudsonicus  Latham. 

Hudsonian  curlew;   Blue-legs  (young);  Foolish  curlew  (young); 
Jack  curlew;  Short-billed  curlew. 

Lath.,  Index  ornith.,  1790,  vol.  2,  p.  712.     "in  sinu  Hudsonis." 
Audul>on,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1843,  vol.  6,  p.  42,  pi.  356. 
Beaches  and  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.— Rare  migrant.  May  20;  July  19-Iate  Sept.  (Oct.  12, 
1898,  Dover). 

N.  H. —  Rare  migrant.     Aug.  6-Sept.  2. 

Mass. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  April  10- 
May  30  (June  8);  (June  23)  July  6-Oct.  1. 

R.  L —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  April  27-]May ; 
July  2-Sept.  25. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant,  mainly  in  fall.     July  20-Aug.  27. 

162.  Numenius  borealis  (Forster)  Latham. 

Eskimo  curlew;    Dough -bird;    Fute. 

Swainson  and  Richardson,  Fauna  Boreali-Amer.,  1831,  vol.  2, 
p.  378,  pi.  65.     Egg,  Seebohm.  1896,  p.  133,  pi.  45,  fig.  3. 


AVES.  85 

LIMICOLAE. 

SCOLOl'ACIDAK. 

Scolojxix  borralin  Forst.,   Phil,  trans,    roy.    soc.    Loiidoii.    1772, 

vol.   02,   pp.    111.   4:{1.       "Al.HANY    KoUT."   IIUDSO.N   BaV. 

Marslu's,  hraclics,  aiul  grassy  uplands;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Mk.,  N.  II. —  Formrrly  conunon  fall  migrant,  coastwise.  Late 
Aug.-Sept. 

Ma.s.s. —  Formerly  a  common  fall  migrant,  accidental  in  s|»ring. 
(Late  May  lS7:i,  Cape  Cod);  July  15-Oct.  2. 

R.  I. —  Fonnerly  a  common  fall  migrant  coastwise.  Aug.  27- 
Sept. 

Cow. —  Formerly  a  common  fall  migrant  coastwi.se,  now  very 
rare.     Aug.-Oct.  13. 

CHARADRIIDAE. 

103.     Squ.\tarol.\  squatarola  (I>inn^')  Cuvier. 

Black-bellied  plover;  Beetlehead;  Blackbreast;  Blackheart; 
Frost-bird;  Ox-eye;  Palebelly  (young;;  Wbistling  field 
plover. 

Tringa  .iquatarula  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17')^^,  vol.  1,  p.  1  }•». 

"in-    KlROPA." 

Charadriu.s  lielveticu^  Linne.  Aiidiilioii,  Hirds  of  An)er.,  1S42, 
vol.  5.  J).  190,  pi.  315. 

Beaches  and  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mk.,  X.  II. —  Common  migrant  chiefly  coastwi.se.  May  12- 
(.lune  21);    Aug.-Oct.  24. 

\'t. —  Rare  migrant:    Lunenhurg;    Middlchury. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  migrant  coastwise.  April  l')-.Iunc  13  (June 
25);   July  S-Nov.  U\  (Dec). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.     May  15-22;   Aug.  9-Oct.  15. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  coastwise. 


86  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

CHARADRIIDAE. 

/ 

164.  Charadrius  dominicus  Miiller. 

American  golden  plover;  Bullhead;  Frost-bird;  Greenback; 
Greenhead;  Green  plover;  Muddy  breast;  Pale  belly; 
Pale  breast;    Three  toes;   Toad-head. 

Mull.,  Linn^'s  VoUstand.  natursyst.,  suppl.,  1776,  p.  116.  "St. 
Domingo." 

Charadrius  marmoratus  Wagl.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  0,  p.  203,  pi.  316.     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  125,  pi.  39,  fig.  5. 

Beaches,  marshes,  and  open  hilltops;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Formerly  common,  now  rare  fall  migrant  coastwise. 
Aug.  12-Nov.  15. 

N.   H. —  Rare   migrant  coastwise.     (May);    Aug.    26-mid-Oct. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant :  Lunenburg. 

INIass. —  Very  rare  spring,  and  formerly  common  but  now  rare 
fall  migrant  coastwise.  (May);  Aug.  12-Nov.  2  (Nov.  19;  Nov. 
25,  1908,  Ipswich). 

R.  I. —  Migrant,  formerly  rare  in  spring  and  common  in  fall 
coastwise;   now  very  rare.     (May);  Aug.  14-Oct.  25. 

Conn. —  Formerly  common  migrant,  now  rare;  mainly  coast- 
wise.    Oct.  24. 

165.  OxYECHUS  vociFERUS  (Linne)  Reichenbach. 
Killdeer. 

Charadrius  vociferus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1, 
p.  150.     "in  America  SEPTENTRioNALi." 

Aegialitis  vocifera  (Linne).  Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No. 
Amer.,  1895,  p.  173;  Bird-life,  1898,  pi.  11.  Egg,  Capen,  1886, 
pi.  18,  figs.  8,  9. 

INIeadows,  fields,  and  marshes;  less  often  on  beaches;  nests  on 
the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  and  accidental  visitor.  Aug.  17-Oct.  24 
(Nov.  2S-Dec.  4,  1888). 


AYES.  87 

I.IMICoI.Ai; 

(11  \\\  XDIMlDAi:. 

N.  II.  Kan-  iiii<;raiit  aiiti  at<i(U'iiial  winter  rcsidciil  (1888-89); 
fornicrly  rare  simuiuT  rt'sidnit. 

Vt. —  Rare  iui<rraiii   and  sumiiu'r  resident    (T^ake  ("liamplain). 

Mass. —  Uaiv  migrant  and  suniiner  resident;  accidental  winter 
resident  (188S-89).     Mar.  1    Dec  1.")  (winter).     Eggs.  May  30. 

R.  1. —  Uncommon  migratit  and  rare  summer  resident;  acci- 
dental  winter  resident   in   1888-S9.     Mar.-Dec.   (winter).     Eggs, 

May  10  ;n. 

CoXN. —  Rare  migrant  and  siunmer  resilient,  formerly  more 
plentiful.     (Feh.   '2\)   late   Mar.-May;    summer.     Eggs,    June  6. 

100.     Akciai.itis  si:mipai.mata  (Bonaparte)  Bonaparte. 
Semipalmated  plover;  Little  ring-neck;  Ring-neck. 

Cfiaradriii.t  srmipalmalii.s'  Bonap.,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila., 
182.'),  vol. .'),  p.  OS.  Based  on  Wilson:  "New  JEitSEV."  .\udMl)on, 
Birds  of  Amer.,  lS4l>.  vol.  .').  p.  IMS,  p|.  320. 

Sandy  beaches  and  salt-marsli  flats;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant;  mainly  coa.stwi.se.  May-(.Iune  22); 
July  2y-Sei)t. 

X.   II. —  Common  migrant,  mainly  coastwi.se. 

\  T.      Rare  migrant. 

Mass.  —  Common  migrant,  mainly  coastwise.  Late  .\prii-Jime 
11  (June2());  July  12 Oct.  2s. 

R.  I. —  Connnt)n  migrant,  inainlycoastwi.se.  April  10-May  15; 
July  (V-Se|)t.  25. 

Co.w. —  Common  miiirant,  mainlv  coastwi.se.  Mav  17-June; 
July-.Se|)t. 

1(17.     .\K(;iai.itis  MKi.ouA  (^Ordj  Bonaparte. 

Piping  plover;     Clam-bird;      Mourning-bird;     Pale   ring-neck; 
Ring-neck. 

Charadrlii.s  nirlfHlii.-<  <  )rd,  Wilson's  .\mer.  ornitli.,   1S24,  vol.  7, 


88 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


LIMICOLAE. 


CHARADRIIDAE. 


p.  71.     "Great  Egg-Harbor,"  N.  J.     Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1842,  vol.  5,  p.  223,  pi.  321.     Egg,  Capen,  18SG,  pi.  18,  fig.  10. 
Sandy  beaches;    nests  on  the  ground. 

^Ie. —  Formerly  a  rare  summer  resident  coastwise  (Wells  Beach). 
May  2-Aug. 

N.  H. —  Rare  migrant  coastwise. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  coastwise. 
(Mar.  26)  April  5-Sept.  22.     Eggs,  May  10-June  14  (July  20). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  coastwise. 
(Mar.  24)  May  15-Sept.     Eggs,  June  5-14. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  coastwise. 

168.     OcHTHODROMus  wiLSONius  (Ord)  Reichenbach. 
Wilson's  plover. 

Charadrins  wilsonia  Ord,  Wilson's  Amer.  ornith.,  1814,  vol.  9, 
p.  77,  pi.  73,  fig.  5.  "Cape  Island,  Xewjersey."  Audubon, 
Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5,  p.  214,  pi.  319. 

Sandy  beaches  and  mudflats;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Vt.,  N.  H.—  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  Gernet  Ft.,  Flymouth,  Aug.  22, 
1877;   Ipswich,  May  8,  1904  {nee  Nahant,  Aug.  1839). 

R.  I. —  Doubtfully  included. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:  Bridgeport,  July  28,  1888  ("seen," 
Averill);  Stratford  (Linsley). 


APHRIZID.AE. 
169.     Arenaria  interpres  (Linne)  Vieillot. 
European  tumstone;   Tangle -picker. 
Tringa  interpres  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  148. 

"in  EuROPA    &  AiAIERICA  SEPTENTRIONALI." 


AVES.  89 

LIMICOLAK. 

Al'IlKIZIDAK. 

Strrp.fi la.t  itiferprcs  (Linn6).  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81, 
vol.  7,  p.  [555],  j)I.  [532]. 

Seaeoiists;   nests  on  the  rrround. 

M.VSS. —  Aceidental  visitor:  Mononioy  Island,  Sept.  8,  1892, 
(Bishop). 

170.  Arexaria  iNTERPREs  MORiNET.i-A  (Linn#)  A.  ( ).  r.  coiiini. 

Ruddy  tumstone;  Bead-bird;  Brant-bird;  Calico-back;  Calico- 
bird;  Chicken  plover;  Horsefoot  snipe;  Rock-bird;  Rock 
plover;    Stone  plover;  Tumstone. 

Trhifja  vutrhuUa  Linne,  S\st.  iiat  ,  ed.  12,  1700,  vol.  1,  p.  249. 

"ad   marls   LITTORA    AmERICAE   .SEPTENTRIONAI.I.S;      &    ElROPAE." 

Strcpsilas  inicrprc.t  (Linn^"').  Auduhon,  Birds  of  Anier.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  231,  pi.  323. 

Seaeoasts;  nest.s  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  mij^raiit.     May  22-27;    July  2.S-Sept. 
X.  H. —  Unct)nunon  mii;raiit. 
Vt. —  Rare  migrant:   Lake  ('hamj)lain. 

M.\ss. —  Uneomuion  migrant.  May  1-31  (June  24);  July 
25-Oct.  IG. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.     May  14-20;    Aug.  4-Oct.  8. 
Conn. —  Common  migrant.     May  23;   Aug.-Sept. 

HAK.M.VrorODlDAE. 

171.  1  Iaem.\topus  PALLiATUS  Temminck. 
American  oyster- catcher. 

Temm.,  Man.  d'ornith.,  etl.  2,  1S20,  vol.  2,  j).  532.  "l'.\mkui- 
QLE  mJ^ridionai.e."  .Vuduhoii,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5,  p. 
230,  pi.  324.  Egg,  flcntry,  Nests  and  eggs  birds  U.  S.,  1882,  p. 
277,  pi.  47. 

Seaeoasts;  nests  on  the  ground. 


90  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

LIMICOLAE. 

HAEMATOPODIDAE. 

Me. —  Formerly  at  Portland  (Audubon). 

Mass. —  Now  an  accidental  visitor.     Late  April;  Aug. 

CoxN. —  Now  very  rare  migrant;   formerly  more  plentiful. 

GALLINAE.  PHASIANI. 

TETRAONIDAE. 

172.     CoLixus  viRGiNiAXUS  (Linne)  Stejneger. 
Bob-white;   Quail;   Virginia  partridge. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  178,  pi.  1. 
Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  1,  fig.  1. 

Tetrao  virginianus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  161. 
"America." 

Weedy  and  brusligrown  fields  and  edges  of  woods;   nests  on  the 

ground. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Formerly  common,  now  rare  resident  in  southern 
counties;   also  introduced  from  the  South. 

Vt, —  Rare  resident  at  lower  elevations;   largely  introduced. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  resident;  also  introduced.  Eggs,  May- 
June  30  (Sept.). 

R.  L— Common  resident;  also  frequently  introduced.  Eggs, 
May  25-June  20  (!  Oct.  10). 

Conn. —  Common  resident,  also  introduced.  Eggs,  June  14- 
Aug.  (!  Sept.  2). 

173.     Caxachites  caxadexsis  canace  (Linne)  Norton. 

Canadian   spruce   grouse;    Black  grouse;     Fool-hen;    Spotted 
grouse;  Spruce  partridge;   Wood  partridge. 

Tetrao  canace  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  275. 
"Canada." 

Teirao  canadensis  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  83,  pi.  294.     Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  1,  fig.  23. 


AVKS  91 

r.AM.INAi:.  I'll  ASI  A.M. 

TKTHAONlDAi;. 

Dense  fir  ami  spruce  woods;  nests  on  the  frrotnid. 

Me." —  rnconiinon  lv.^i(ll•llt  in  nonlicni  t't)rc,>ts.     Kjipjs,  May. 

N.  11. —  I'nconnnon  resident  in  nortliern  ]tart.  and  above  iiUOO 
ft.  in  White  Mts.  south  to  Mt.  Passaconaway.     E<;j;s,  hite  May. 

\'t. —  Unconinion  resident  in  norihiM-ninost  part  (N'ictoria). 

Mass. —  Aeeidental  visitor:    (iloucester,  Sept.  1851;    Roxhiiry 
Nov.  about  1S65. 

171.     HoNA.sA  iMBF.u.rs  (Linu^)  Stephens. 

Ruffed  grouse;   Birch  partridge ;   Partridge;    Pheasant. 

Tctrao  umheUus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  1:2,  17('><»,  vol.  1,  |>.  27.3. 
"i\  Pf.xsvlvania."  Au(hil)on.  Birds  of  Anier..  1S42,  vol.  5, 
p.  7;!.  pi.  L'»)3.     EnrjT,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1 ,  pi.  2,  fig.  1 . 

Woods  and  thitkets;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Vt. —  Nearly  typical  l)ir<ls  rarely  found  in  south  part;    resident. 
Mass. —  Unconinion  resident.     Eggs,  April  27-Junc  2. 
R.  I. —  Common  in  northern  and  western  ])arts.     Eggs,  May  S- 
19. 
Coxx. —  Coinmoii  resilient.     Eggs,  A|)ril  21-May  20. 

17.'.     lioxASA  lmhelias  tog-Vta  (Linn^')  Kidgway. 
Canadian  ruffed  grouse;   Partridge;   Pheasant. 

Kidgway,  Manual  Nn.  Anirr.  birds.  1SS7,  |i.  l!»N.  Egg,  Bi'iidirc, 
1S92,  vol.  1,  pi.  2,  fig.  2. 

Tctran  iixjntus  Linn^',  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17(1(1,  viil.  1,  p.  275. 
"Caxai.v." 

Woods  and  thickets;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  resident.     l''ggs.  April  27-May  2."). 

N.  II. —  Common  resident  up  (<>  tre*-  limit  ttn  mountains. 

Vt. —  Common  resident. 


92 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


GALLINAE. 


PHASIANI. 


TETRAONIDAE. 


Mass. —  Resident;  nearly  typical  birds  occur  in  Berkshire  Co. 
(North  Adams). 

176.  Lagopus  lagopus  (Linne)  Stejneger. 
Willow  ptarmigan. 

Tetrao  lagopus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  159. 
"in  Europae  alpinis." 

Lagopus  albus  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5, 
p.  114,  pi.  299  (summer).  Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  2,  fig.  5- 
10. 

Dense  thickets;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  near  Dennisville  (Audubon);  Ken- 
duskeag,  April  23,  1892. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor  (or  escape) :  Manchester,  May  10, 
1859. 

R.  I. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

177.  Tympanuchus  cupido  (Linne)  Ridgway. 
Heath-hen;  Eastern  pinnated  grouse;  Hethen. 

Tetrao  cupido  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  160.  "in 
Virginia."  De  Kay,  Zool.  New  York,  1844,  vol.  2,  p.  205,  pi. 
77,  fig.  175. 

Cupidonia  cupido  Brewster,  Auk,  1885,  vol.  2,  p.  82.  Egg, 
Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  3,  fig.  2. 

Scrub-oak  thickets;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Ascribed  by  Audubon  to  Maine,  but  perhaps  erroneously. 

Mass. —  Resident,  now  confined  to  Martha's  Vineyard,  but 
(till  about  1815)  occurring  coastwise  nearly  to  Boston,  and  in  lower 
Connecticut  valley.     Eggs,  June  2-July  24. 

R.  L —  Formerly  common,  but  practically  extirpated  by  1800. 

Conn. —  Formerly  common;  extirpated  before  1840  (Westford, 
about  1832,  Nuttall). 


AVES.  93 

GALLINAi:.  rilASIAXI. 

TETRAOXIUAE. 

178.     Mkleagris  gallopavo  silvestris  (Vifillot)  Allen. 
Wild  turkey. 

M('Ua(/ris  .tihr.stn'.s  Nii'ill.,  Xouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  IS] 7,  vol.  9, 
j).  447.     "Illinois  Jusyu'X  l'isthmk  de  Panama." 

Mi'lcaf/ri.f  (jaUnpavo  Liniu'.  Audiihon,  Hirds  of  Aiiur.,  1S42, 
vol.  5,  J).  42.  i)ls.  2S7,  2SS.     Kcr^r,  Ik-ndiro,  1S<)2,  vol.  1,  pi.  3,  fig.  14. 

Wood.s  and  thickel.s;  ne.sts  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Formerly  a  resident  in  .southern  eounties  fto  Mi.  Dcvsert?); 
now  extirpated. 

X.  II. —  Formerly  a  resident  in  southern  i)art;  last  reeord  in 
1841  or '42. 

Vt. —  Formerly  resident  in  .southern  part;  now  extir|)ated. 

Ma.s.s. —  Formerly  eommon  resident;  last  reeorded  eapture  at 
Mt.  Tom,  winter  of  1850-51. 

U.  I. —  Formerly  eoiimiou  resident. 

CoNX. —  Formerly  eomnnjn  resident;  last  killed  about  1813  on 
Totoket  Mt..   Xorthford. 

COLUMBAE. 

COLUMBIDAE. 

17U.     EcTOPi.sTE.s  .MiGii.\TORius  (Linn6)  Swainson. 
Passenger  pigeon;   Wild  pigeon. 

Columba  mif/ratoria  Linii^',  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17GG,  vol.  1,  jt. 
285.     "in  America  septe.ntrionali." 

Ectopisics  mif/ratoria  (Linn^).  Auduhon,  Hirds  of  .Vmer.,  1842, 
vol.  5,  p.  25,  |)1.  285.     Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1 .  pi.  4,  fig.  0. 

Woods  and  fields;   nests  in  trees  in  eolonies. 

Me. —  Formerly  an  abundant  migrant  and  local  summer  nvsident; 
last  specimens  taken  near  De.xter,  Aug.  Ki,  1890.  and  at  Bar  Harbor, 
early  summer  1904.     April  7-.Se|)t. 


94  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

COLUMBAE. 

COLUMBIDAE. 

X.  H. —  Formerly  abundant  migrant  and  local  summer  resident ; 
last  specimen  taken  at  Concord,  1885.  April  2-18;  summer- 
Oct.  10. 

Yt. —  Formerly  abundant  migrant  and  summer  resident.  Mar. 
20-Oct.  10. 

ISIass. —  Formerly  abundant  migrant  and  common  local  summer 
resident,  rare  in  winter;  last  recorded  in  1889.  ]\Iar.  10-Oct.  21 
(winter).     Eggs,  jNIay  22. 

R.  I. —  Formerly  abundant  migrant;  last  killed  in  1886. 

Conn. —  Formerly  an  abundant  migrant,  and  common  summer 
resident.     April  2-fall.     Eggs,  late  May. 

180.     Zenaidura  macroura  carolinensis  (Linne)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 
Mourning  dove ;   Carolina  dove ;   Long-tailed  dove;   Turtledove. 

Columba  caroliueusis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p. 
286.     "ix  America." 

Zenaidura  macroura  (Linne).  Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east. 
No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  188;  Bird-life,  1898,  pi.  13.  Egg,  Bendire, 
1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  4,  figs.  8,  9. 

Open  woods  and  fields;   nests  in  trees,  or  rarely  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  and  summer  resident  in  southern  part; 
accidental  in  winter.     Mar.  21-Oct.  24  (Xov.  21  and  winter). 

N.  H. —  Rare  migrant  and  summer  resident  in  southern  part. 
Late  Mar.-Oct.  (Dec.  15). 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  resident :   Rutland  Co. 

]\L\.ss. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident;  rare  winter 
resident.     Mar.  5-Xov.  15  (winter).     Eggs,  April  19-May  20. 

R.  I. —  Lncommon  summer  resident  in  northern  and  western 
parts.     April  3-Oct.  15.     Eggs,  !May  15-25. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  summer  and  rare  winter  resident.  !Mar.- 
Nov.  (winter).     Eggs,  ]\Iay  24-June  20  (July  27). 


AVES.  95 

COHMMAK. 

COHMHIDAE. 

1*>1.     Starxoexas  CYANOCEPiiALA  (lAuuC')  Bonaparte. 

Blue-headed  quail-dove. 

Columha  cifanocrphola  Linn^'.  Syst.  nat.,  od.  10,  17.5S,  vol.  1, 
]i.  1(3.3.  "America."  Audul)oii,  Hinis  of  Amor.,  1842,  vol.  5, 
p.  2.3,  pi.  2S4. 

Thickets  and  woods;  nests  among  vines. 

Mas.s. —  One  taken  at  Brookline,  Oct.  10,  1S70,  jirobahly  an 
escape. 

RAPTORES.  SARCORIIA'MPITI. 

C.rrilARTIDAE. 

182.     Cathartes  aura  septe.xtrioxalis  (Wied)  Xelson. 

Turkey  vulture;   Turkey  buzzard. 

Catliarte.t  srpinifrionall.s  Wied,  Keise  Xord-Anierica,  1839, 
vol.  1,  j).  1('»2.     Locality  elsewhere  given  as  near  New  Harmony, 

IXDIAXA. 

Caihartrs  niira  Linn<''.  Auduhon,  Birds  of  Anier.,  1840,  vol.  1, 
p.  i:>.  pi.  2.     Kgg.  Bendirc,  1S<)2.  vol.  1.  pi.  4,  figs.  1,  3. 

Open  country;  nests  on  ground  in  shallow  caves  or  in  hollow  logs. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor  at  all  .sea.sons  (eight  records). 
N.  II. —  Accidental  visitor:    Hampton  Falls,  April  1882;    North 
Weare,  spring  1887. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:  Eutaw. 

M.\s.s. —  Occasional  visitor  at  all  seasons. 

R.  I. —  Occasional  visitor;   four  records.     May  10-Xov. 

C'o.xx. —  (Occasional  (mainly  sinumer)  visitor.     Ajjril  20-Ott.  IS. 

1S3.     Catiiarista  URunr  (Vieillot)  Vicillot. 

Black   vulture;     Black-headed    buzzard;     Carrion    crow;     Jim 
crow. 

VuUur  iinihii  \'ii'ill.,   Ilisi.   imi.  i)i->.  Ani^-r.  Sej)t.,   1807,  vol.   1, 


96 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


RAPTORES. 


SARCORH.\MPHI. 


CATHARTIDAE. 


p.  23,  pi.  2.  "l'Amerique,  depuis  la  Nouvelle-Ecosse  jus- 
qu'a  la  Terre  de  Feu." 

Cathartes  atratiis  Wils.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1840,  vol.  1, 
p.  17,  pi.  3.     Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  4,  figs.  7,  10. 

Open  country  and  vicinity  of  dwellings;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor.     Aug.  20-Nov.  3. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:  Lunenburg;  Woodbury,  July  10,  1884. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor.     July-Nov. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:  East  Lyme,  July  6,  1901. 

FALCONES. 
FALCONIDAE. 

184.  Elaxoides  forficatus  (Linne)  Coues. 
Swallow-tailed  kite. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  196;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  1.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892, 
vol.  1,  pi.  5,  figs.  1,  2. 

Falco  forficatus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  89. 
"America." 

Open  country;  nests  in  tall  trees. 

Me. —  Erroneously  recorded. 

N.  H.—  Doubtfully  recorded  (Franklin,  1875). 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded  (Williams). 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  Amesbury  (=  West  Newbury) 
about  Sept.  25,  1882;  Whately;    (?)  near  Northampton,  1880. 

Conn.— Accidental  visitor:  Lyme,  July  2,  1877;  Portland, 
summer  1861;   Saybrook,  June  16,  1889. 

185.  Circus  hudsonius  (Linne)  Vieillot. 

Marsh  hawk;    Blue  hawk;    Bog-trotter;    Frog  hawk;    Harrier; 
Mole  hawk;  Mouse  hawk;  Mouser;  Snake  hawk. 

A.  K.  Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  p.  26,  pi.  3.  Egg, 
Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  5,  fig.  8-10. 


AVES.  97 

RAin^ORES.  FALCONES. 

rALCOMDAE. 

Falco  hudsoniu.t  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  iil.  12,  1700,  vol.  1,  [>.  128. 
"ad  iretum  IIudsoxis." 
Open  country,  fields,  nitirshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  miijrant,  less  common  summer  resident.  Mar. 
19-Oct.  7  (Nov.  12).     Eggs,  June  4. 

X.  II.  ( "ommon  migrant,  uiKoiiimon  summer  resident.  Mar. 
16-Xov.  12. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.     April   14-Oct. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  migrant,  uncommon  summer  resident;  rare 
winter  resident  on  the  coast.  Mar.  l-Xov.  29  (winter).  Eggs, 
May  12-June  S. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant,  rare  sumuicr  and  winter  resident. 
Mar.  15-Oct.  29  (winter).     Eggs.  May  23,  25. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant,  uncommon  summer  resident;  winters 
rarely.     Mar.-X'ov.  0  (winter).     Eggs,  May  D-June  9. 

180.     AcciPiTER  VEi.ox  (Wilson)  Vigors. 
Sharp-shinned  hawk;    Pigeon  hawk. 

(hapiuaii,  llandl).  hirds  east.  Xo.  Amcr.,  1.S9."),  p.  198;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  ])I.  4.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892, 
vol.  1,  pi.  5,  fig.  11-17. 

Fak'o  relox  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1812,  vol.  5,  p.  110,  pi.  45,  fig.  1. 
"dank.s  of  the  Schuylkill." 

Open  or  wooded  country;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant,  le.ss  common  summer  resident;  rare 
winter  resident  (Portland,  1905;  Westhrook,  1907).  Mar.  27- 
Xov.  23  (winter).     Eggs,  June  1. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident;  rare 
winter  resident  in  southi-rn  part.     Eggs,  May  23-June  1. 

\'r. —  Uncommon  summer  and  ran*  winter  resident. 

M.\.ss. —  Common  migraiu,  unconunon  summer  and  winter 
resident.     Eggs,  May  3-June  10. 


98  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

RAPTORES.  FALCONES. 

FALCONIDAE. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant,  rare  summer  and  winter  resident. 
Eggs,  :\Iay  23,  25. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  and  winter 
resident.     Eggs,  May  15- June  26. 

187.  AcciPiTER  cooPERii  (Bonaparte)  Gray. 
Cooper's  hawk;    Chicken  hawk. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  199;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  5.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892, 
vol.  1,  pi.  5,  fig.  18-20. 

Falco  cooperii  Bonap.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1828,  vol.  2,  p.  1,  pi.  10, 
fig.  1.     "near  Bordentown,  New  Jersey." 

Open  country  and  woods;  nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.  April  4-Oct.  24  (?  Jan. 
16). 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  at  lower 
elevations.     Mar.  26-Oct.     Eggs,  May  12-30. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident;  (?  winter). 
Eggs,  April  22. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident ;  rare  in 
winter.     Eggs,  April  25- June  11. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident;  prob- 
ably winters  rarely.     Eggs,  May  12-14. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  and  winter 
resident.     Eggs,  April  25-June  18. 

188.  AsTUR  ATRiCAPiLLUS  (Wilson)  Bonaparte. 

American  goshawk;   Blue  hawk;   Partridge  hawk. 

Falco  atricapillus  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1812,  vol.  6,  p.  SO,  pi. 
52,  fig.  3.     Near  "Philadelphia." 

Accipiter  atricapillus    (Wils.).     Chapman,    Handb.    birds   east. 


AVE.S.  99 

R  A  im)IlKS.  FA  LCON  ES. 

FALCON  I  DAK. 

No.  Anu'i-..  1S«).").  p.  I'.i!);    A.  K.  Kislicr.  Hawks  aiul  owls  of  U.S., 
\S\yA,  |)1.  C.     Ej;n,  H(>ii(iire.  1S<>2.  v..l.  1,  pi.  (i.  tiir.  1. 
(  )piii  couiilrv  and  licavv  wnods;    lu'.st.s  ill  troes. 

Me. —  ("oiiiiiioii  wiiittT  rr.sidcnt.  less  rominon  summer  resident. 
Oct.  2(»-May;    suininer.     Kjlri"^-  -^l"''  -•>  M:iy. 

N.  II.  -  lrre<;iilarly  common  winter  resident;  rare  smnmer 
resident  .south  to  Alstead. 

Vt. —  Irrcfxular  winter  visitor;  rare  summer  resident  .south  to 
Rutland,  Mcndoii.      K^'^'s,  .\pril  2']   May  1. 

M.\.s.s. —  Winter  visitor,  irrc;^ularly  loininon;  casual  summer 
vLsitor  (Hoosa.-  Mt..  \u^.  lo,  I'KM)).     Oct.  4-Kei).  2(). 

R.  I. —  Irrcfiular  winter  visitor,  .sometimes  common.  ( )ct.  27- 
Feb.  14. 

Co.N'.N. —  Irretjular  winter  visitor,  .sometimes  common;  accidental 
in  late  summer.     (Aug.  24,  1S<,)3,  West  Haven)  Oct.  2-winter. 

189.     HiTKo  nouKAi.i.s  (Gmelin)  \'icill(»t. 
Red-tailed  hawk  or  buzzard;    Hen  hawk. 

Cha|)man,  Handh.  birds  east.  .NO.  .Xnur.,  IS'.)."),  p.  200;    .\.   I\. 

Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  7.  Fgj;,  Bendire,  1892, 
vol.    1,   pi.  (i,   figs.  .5,  (■>. 

Fdlco  horealis  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat..  1788,  vol.  1,  pi.  1.  p.  2(10.     "l.\ 

A.MEKItA    HOKE.\I.I,    POTIS.SIMIM    (  "  \K(  (t.l.NA." 

Open  country  and  forests;   nests  in  large  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  suinnitr  resident,  and  in  soiuhern  counties 
rare  winter  resiih-nt.     Eggs.  May  (>-2fi. 

.\.  11.      rnioiiMnon  resident,  wintering  from  White  Mts.  .south. 

\'r. —  Inconunon  resident.     Hggs,  .\pril  22. 

M.\.s,s.  -  rncommon  migrant  and  winter  resident;  lare  snninier 
resident.      Hggs,  .\|)ril  (>  27. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  winter,  and  rare  simiiner  resident.  Nov.  30- 
Mar.  2o;  sununer.     Fggs,  .\pril  .>-30. 


100  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

RAPTORES.  FALCONES. 

FALCON  I  DAE. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  niicjrant  and  winter  resident;  rare  summer 
resident.    Sept.-Mar. ;  summer.    Eggs,  Mar.  28-Ai)ril  2-i  (INIay  25). 

190.  BuTEO  LiNEATUS  (Gmelln)  Vieillot. 

Red-shouldered  hawk;     Chicken  hawk;     Hen  hawk;     Winter 
hawk. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  201;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  8.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892, 
vol.  1.  pi.  7.  fig.  1-5. 

Falco  lineatm  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  1,  p.  268.     "in 

INSULA  LONGA,"  XeW  YoRK. 

open  country  and  woods;  nests  in  large  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.  (Mar.  4)  Mar.  20-Oct.  21. 
Eggs,  late  A}:)ril-May  24. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  north  to  southern  valleys 
of  White  I\Its.     Mar.  27-Xov. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  (?  winters).  Mar.  17-fall. 
Eggs,  April  22. 

■Mass. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  and  winter 
resident.     Eggs,  April  3- June  6. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  resident.     Eggs,  x\pril  5-13. 

Conn. —  Common  migi-ant  and  winter  resident,  less  common 
summer  resident.     Eggs,  April  5- June  1. 

191.  BuTEO  swainsoni  Bonaparte. 

Swainson's  hawk. 

Bonap.,  Geogr.  and  comparative  list  birds  Europe  and  Xo.  Amer., 
1838,  p.  3.  Based  on  Audubon:  "ne.\r  the  Columbia  River." 
Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  1895,  ]).  203;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  9.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892, 
vol.  1,  pi.  8,  fig.  1-6. 


AVES.  101 

RAinOHES.  rAT.cr>N'ES. 

I  AF.CONIDAE. 

0|>eu  prairie  country  or  edges  of  woods  near  sfreains;  nest.s  in 
trees. 

Me. —  Oeeasional  visitor  from  West.     May  19;  Sept.  1.5,  Oct.  8. 

Vt. —  Rare  visitor:    Lunenl)urj;. 

Mass. —  Rare  visitor  (four  records).     April  20-Xov.  7. 

192.  BiTEo  iM.ATvrrKKi.s  (\'icillot)  Faxon. 
Broad-winged  hawk. 

Span*iu.<i  pinti/ptrru.t  \'ieill..  ?wicycl.  ni^'tliod.  ornith.,  liS23,  vol. 
3,  J).  1273.     Hased  on  Wil.son:  "near  the  Schuylkill." 

liutco  latissinius  (Wils.).  Chapman,  Ilandh.  I)irds  east.  No. 
Amer.,  ISO.'),  p.  204;  A.  K.  Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1S«>3, 
pi.  10.     Kj:}:,  Bendire,  1S1)2,  vol.  1.  pi.  7,  fig.  10-13. 

Woodlands,  an<l  alonj;  streams;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.  (Mar.  31)  April  ll-S<'pt. 
17.     Kj;gs,  May  2- June  12. 

.\.  11.^  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April  8- 
Sept.  1.").     Kggs,  May  10. 

Vt. —  Unconunon  summer  resident.     April  14-fall. 

M.\.ss. —  Unconunon  ntigrant,  and  in  remoter  districts,  a  rare 
summer  resident.     April  12-Sej)t.  30  (Oct.  10).     Eggs,  May  7-31. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  summer  resilient.  April- 
Oct.     Eggs.  May  1.')   1<.>. 

Co.\.\. —  Unconunon  migrant,  and  rare  siunmer  (and  ?  winter) 
resident.     Eggs,  May  3-18. 

193.  Al{(H!HlTKO     LAGOI'LS    .SA.NCTI-JOHA.NNIS     ((Jmelill)     (oUCS. 

American  rough-legged  hawk;    Black  hawk. 

Uhapman.  Hand!),  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  ISOo,  |).  20.');  .\.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawlcs  and  owls  of  U.  S.  1893,  pi.  II.  Egg.  Hendirc,  |S92, 
vol.  1.  pi.  S,  fig.  10-12. 


102 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


RAPTORES. 


FALCONES. 


FALCONIDAE. 


Fako  S.  johcDinis  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  1,  p.  273. 
"in  freto  Hudsoxis  et  nova  terra." 
Open  country;   nests  on  cliffs  or  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  fall  and  Avinter  visitor.     Oct.  28-jMar. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  irregular  fall  and  winter  visitor.  Oct.- 
(May  6). 

Vt. —  Rare  fall  and  winter  visitor.     Oct. 

Mass. —  Rare  fall  and  winter  visitor.     Oct.-x\pril  13  (May  8). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  fall  and  winter  visitor.     Oct. -April  12. 

Conn. —  Fall  and  winter  visitor,  irregular,  but  sometimes  com- 
mon.    Nov.  20- April. 

194.  Aquila  chrysaetos  (Linne)  Spriingli. 
Golden  e  agle ;  Ring-tailed  e  agle . 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  206;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  13.  Egg,  Bendire, 
1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  9,  figs.  3,  5. 

Faico  chrysaetos  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  88.     "in 

EUROPA." 

Mountainous  country;  nests  on  cliffs  or  in  large  trees. 

Me. —  Rare  visitor;  not  now  known  to  breed  (young  (?),  Sandy 
Bay  Mt.,  1895). 

N.  H. —  Rare  visitor;   formerly  rare  resident  in  White  Mts. 

Vt. —  Rare  visitor;   formerly  a  resident. 

Mass. —  Rare  visitor  at  all  seasons,  not  now  known  to  breed. 

R.  L —  Rare  visitor  in  fall  and  winter. 

Conn. —  Rare  visitor,  at  all  seasons. 

195.  Haliaeetus  leucocephalus  (Linne)  Boie. 

Bald  eagle;    Gray  eagle;  Washington  eagle  (young);    White- 
headed  eagle. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  207;   A.  K. 


AVES.  103 

RAPTOHLS.  FAUONES. 

FALCON  I  DAE. 

Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  l'.  S.,  IMKJ,  |)1.  1  1.  1",;:;:,  liiiidiir, 
1S*»2.  vol.  1,  |.l.  \),  W^r.  7. 

Fairn  Iruroccplialu.t  Linn^*,  Syst.  iiat.,  iil.  \2,  17tl(),  vol.  1,  |).  124. 
"in  .\mkkua,  KruorA." 

( )|>ni  wild  couiitrv,  esju'cially  near  lakes  and  .seacoasts;  nests  in 
tall  trees  or  on  the  fjrouiid. 

Me. —  Uneomnion  migrant  and  summer  resident;  less  common 
winter  resident  eoa.stwi.se.     Ejijjs,  April  4-21. 

.\.  11. —  I'neommon  mi<:raiit  and  summer  resident;  rare  in 
winter  in  southern  part. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident. 

M.\SS. —  Uneonnnon  migrant  and,  near  coast,  occasional  at  all 
sea.sons.     Xo   recent    breeding   records    (formerly   on    Mt.    Tom). 

R.  I. —  Occasional  at  all  .seasons,  though  not  known  to  hreed. 

Coxx. —  Occasional  at  all  .seasons,  hut  most  frequent  as  a  mi- 
grant; formerly  bred  (Mt.  Cannel,  Saltonstall  Uitlgc,  AVest 
Peak). 

190.     Fauo  ksla.mhs  Hriiiuiich. 

White  gyrfalcon;   White  or  Speckled  hawk. 

Briinn.,  Ornith.  horealis,  17(14,  p.  2.     "  Islaxdia." 
Fairo  i.tlatulirn.s  Lath.     .Vuduhon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1S40,  vol.  1, 
p.  SI.  pi.  19.     Kgg,  Seehohm,  1S9(),  p.  4.  pi.  1,  fig.  2. 
(  )|»cn  country  ami  barrens;   nests  on  .sea  cliffs. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  South  Winn,  Oct.  S,  1S93;  {tiec 
Cape  Klizabcth). 

X.   II. —  Doubtfully  recorded   (Errol,   Xov.  4,   1S(»S,  Maynard). 

Ma.s.s. —  Doubtfully  recorded  (Cambridge,  .lan.-Fel).,  \S'.V.i, 
Xuttall). 

197.     F\i.(()  Kf.sTicoLU.s  Linn^. 
Gray  gyrfalcon. 
Linn^'.   Syst.    iiaf..   td.    Id.    17.'.s.    vol.    1,    p.   .SK.      "i.\   SVECIA." 


104  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

RAPTORES.  FALCONES. 

FALCONIDAE. 

Coues,  Key  to  No.  Amer.  birds,  ed.  5,  1903,  vol.  2,  p.  665;  Brisson, 
Ornith.,  17G0,  vol.  1,  pi.  ;31. 
Open  country;  nests  on  cliffs. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:    Cape  Elizabeth,  Oct.  13,  1877. 

198.  Falco  rusticolus  gyrfalco  (Linne)  Stejneger. 
Gyrfalcon;    MacFarlane's  gyrfalcon. 

Ridgway,  Manual  No.  Amer.  birds,  1887,  p.  245-246. 

Falco  gyrfalco  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  91.  "'in 
EuROPA."  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  6,  pi.  [367]. 
Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  9,  figs.  6,  8,  9. 

Open  or  mountainous  country;  nests  on  cliffs. 

Me. —  Very  rare  winter  visitor:  Jacques  Id.,  Mar.  7,  1907; 
Ktaadn  Iron  Works,  December,  1876;  "Maine;"  North  Deering, 
Dec.  11,  1906. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Very  rare  winter  visitor:  Melrose,  Jan.  1,  1891;  North- 
ampton, Feb.,  1880;    Stowe,  1881. 

R.  I. —  Very  rare  winter  visitor:  Point  Judith,  Oct.  11,  1883; 
near  Providence,  winter,  1864—65. 

199.  Falco  rusticolus  obsoletus  (Gmelin)  Stejneger. 

Black  gyrfalcon;   Labrador  gyrfalcon. 

Ridgway,  iNIanual  No.  Amer.  birds,  1887,  p.  245-246. 

Falco  obsoletus  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  1,  p.  268.     "iN 

FRETO  HUDSONIS." 

Falco  labradora  Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  vol.  2,  pi.  196.  Egg, 
Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  10,  fig.  1. 

Open  and  mountainous  country;  nests  on  cliffs  or  rarely  in  trees. 

Me. —  Rare  fall  and  winter  visitor.     Sept.-Mar.  22. 
N.  H. —  Rare  winter  visitor:   Milford,  January,  1891. 


AVES.  10") 

RArroRES.  F.\LCONES. 

FALCON!  DAE. 

^Tass. —  Rare  fall  and  winter  visitor  (four  records).  Oet- 
Mar.  11. 

K.  I. —  Miirc  fall  and  winter  visitor:  Conanient  Id.,  Nov.  22, 
18U1;  Xewj)ort,  <  )(l.  L'S.  IMKI;  Tiverton,  Dee.  2().  ISDO. 

200.  F.\i.(o  PKKKCRiM.s  ANATUM  {Bona|»arte)  HIasius. 

Duck  hawk;    American  peregrine  falcon;    Black  hawk  (Vt.); 
Bullet  hawk;    Great-footed  hawk;   Ledge  hawk. 

Cha|)nian,  llandh.  birds  east.  No.  Anier.,  IM).').  |).  209;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1S9.':{,  j)l.  1").  Kjr^',  Beinlire. 
1892,  vol.  1,  |)1.  10,  fifj.  5-7. 

Falco  anotum  IJonap.,  Geo^'r.  and  comparative  list  birds  Kuro|)e 
and  No.  Anier.,  1S3S,  p.  4.     "Northern  parts"  of  Xo.  America. 

Open  and  mountainous  country;  nests  on  ledges  or  in  cavities 
of  large  trees. 

Me. —  Rare  sununcr  resident.     .Mar.   l-i-Oct.     Eggs,  April  14. 

N.  H.,  Vt. —  Rare  n»igrant  and  local  summer  resident.  Mar.  14- 
Oct.     Vt.,  Eggs,  May  2-June  30. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant,  and  in  western  mountains,  rare  local 
summer  resident;    ran-  in  winter.     Eggs,  April  1.5-May  23. 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     May;    Oct. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant,  summer  and  winter  resident.  Eggs, 
May  9  (large  young,  May  2"),  Talcott  Mt.). 

201.  Falco  coiamkarius  Linn^. 
Pigeon  hawk. 

Linn6,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10,  17r)S,  vol.  1,  |).  90.  "America." 
Clia|)man,  Ilandb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  ISOo,  |).  210;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  V.  S.,  1S;93.  |)1.  IC.  Egg.  Hcndirc.  1SU2, 
vol.  1,  1)1.  10,  figs.  4,  8. 

Woo<ls  and  o|)en  country;    ncsis  in  low  trees. 


106 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


RAPTORES. 


FALCONES. 


FALCONIDAE. 


]\Ie. —  UncomiiKni  mi<irant,  rare  in  winter  and  .summer;  prol)- 
ably  breeds  in  northern  counties  (fled<;lings  noted,  Knicjlii).  ^lar. 
28-May  13;  (summer  ;  Sept.-Oct.  10  (Dec.  1,  190(3,  Westbrook; 
Feb.  22,  1907,  Scarborough). 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant.     May;   Aug. -Sept. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant;    doubtfully  recorded  in  summer. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident.  April 
10-May  16;   Sept.  7-Nov.  24;    winter. 

R.  L — Uncommon  migrant,  mainly  in  fall,  and  rare  winter 
resident.     April  24-May;   Sept.  3-Nov.  21  (Jan.). 

Coxx. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident;  doubt- 
fully recorded  in  summer.     April ;  ( ?  Aug.) ;  Sept.  2o-Nov. ;  winter. 

202.  Falco  tinnunculus  Linne. 

Kestrel. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  lU,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  90.  "ix  Europae 
TURRiBus."  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  6,  p.  [113], 
pi.  [384].     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  7,  pi.  4,  fig.  5. 

Open  and  wooded  country;  nests  in  dense  woods,  on  cliffs,  or  in 
towers  of  buildings. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor  from  Old  World :  Xantasket  Beach, 
Sept.  29,  1889. 

203.  Falco  sparverius  Linne. 

American  sparrow  hawk;    Killyhawk;    Pigeon  hawk. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  90.  "America."  Chap- 
man, Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  211;  A.  K.  Fisher, 
Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  17.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1, 
pi.  10,  fig.  11-16. 

Open  country;  nests  in  cavities  of  trees  or  rarely  of  buildings. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident;    rare  winter 


AVIX  107 

UAITOHKS.  FALCD.NES. 

FAFXOMDAE. 

resident  in  sontlicrn  part  ( Portland,  H)()7-()S;  \'arni()ntli.  .Ian.  10. 
HK)4).     Mar.  lU-Oc-t.  15  (wintrr).     K^'^.s.  May  :i(). 

N.  H.  rnconunon  nii<;rant  and  rare  .snninur  roidcni  norili 
Id  White  Mt.  vallfv.s.      Mar.  l.')-()cl.      V.^^s,  May  1(1. 

\t. —  I  iiconnnon  nii;;rant  and  .sunnncr  rcsidrnt.      Mar.  1*1    fall. 

M.\.ss. —  I'ncoininon  migrant  and  .summer  resident;  uneonunoii 
winter  re.sid«-nt  near  coa.st.     K^S-s,  April  27   May  2(5. 

]{.  I.  -  liK'onunon  mijjrant,  rare  winter  and  summer  R-sident. 
H^^s,  May  10. 

CoNX. —  Uncommon  n.'sid»nt.     E<j<;s,  A])ril  2(')-May  7. 

201.      l'.\.\i)ii>.\    ii.\i,i.\ETU.s   c.\RoiJ\K.\.si.s    ((iintlin)    Ridi^way. 
American  osprey;    Fish  hawk. 

Chapman,  Handtt.  Itirds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  1S9.5,  p.  212;  A.  K. 
Fi.sher.  Hawks  and  owls  of  V.  S.,  1S93,  |)l.  IS.  K^r^',  H.iKJire, 
1S92,  vol.  l,pl.  10,  fi^r.  17;  pi.  11,  fig.  .5-9. 

Fairo  haliai'ios  y .  raroHnrnsis  (Jmel.,  Syst.  nat..  17SS,  vol.  1,  pt. 
1,  p.  263.     "America." 

Seaeoa.st.s  and  vieinitv  of  larm-  streams  and  lakes;  nests  in  liiirh 
or  low  trees,  on  rocks  or  artificial  sites. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.  (Mar.  2S)  A|>ril  ."»  ()<i.  15. 
Kggs,  May  S-.June  1*(. 

X.  II.  —  I'ncoininon  mii;raiit;  formerly  hnil  at  Lake  Iinhagofj. 
A|)ril;   .\up.-Xov.  1. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  mi<;raiit. 

M,\.s.s. —  Common  mij^rant,  and  in  Hristol  Co.  a  summer  resi- 
<lent.  (Mar.  Ki)  .April  2-May  29;  summer;  .Vug.  2(1-X<)v.  11. 
Kgjrs,  May  8-.IuIy. 

II.  1  -  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  eoastwi.se.  Mar. 
24-()ct.  21.     Kggs,  May  2  24. 

Co.NX. —  Common  migrant  aixi  uncommon  summer  nvsidunt 
coa.stwi.se.      Mar.  20   Xov.  l.i  (Dec.  1).      Kggs.  Mav  5  .lulv  I. 


108  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

RAPTORES.  STRIGES. 

ALUCONIDAE. 

205.  Aluco  pratincola  (Bonaparte)  A.  O.  U.  coram. 
American  bam  owl;    Monkey-faced  owl. 

Strix  pratincola  Bonap.,  Gcogr.  and  comparative  list  birds 
Europe  and  No.  Amer.,  1838,  p.  7.  "Xortherx  parts"  of  Xo. 
America.  Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p. 
213;  A.  K.  Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  19.  Egg, 
Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  12,  fig.  1. 

Open  country,  hiding  in  hollow  trees  and  cavities  during  the  day; 
hests  in  hollow  trees,  burrows,  cavities  in  cliffs  or  buildings. 

Me. —  Erroneously  recorded  from  Falmouth. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:   Danbv,  1902;    Lyndon,  June  4,  1894. 

Mass. —  Rare  visitor.     May-Dec. 

R.  I. —  Rare  visitor;  five  records. 

Conn. —  Rare  visitor.     June  11-Oct.  28. 

STRIGIDAE. 

206.  Asio  "WiLSONiANUS  (Lesson)  Coues. 
American  long-eared  owl;    Cat  owl. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  214;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  20.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892, 
vol.  1,  1)1.  1,  fig.  2. 

Ofus  wilsonianus  Less.,  Traite  d'ornith.,  vol.  1,  1831,  p.  110. 
"les    Etats-Unis Pensylvanie.  . .  .New- York." 

Dense  woods  and  swamps;  nests  in  trees,  usually  in  old  crow  or 
hawk  nests. 

Me.,  N.  H.,  Vt.^ —  Uncommon  resident.     Eggs,  INIay  1. 
Mass. —  Uncommon  fall  and  winter  visitor,  rare  summer  resi- 
dent.    Eggs,  April  l-]\Iay  14. 

R.  L —  Rare  resident.     Eggs,  A])ril  10. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  resident.     Eggs,  early  April-April  25. 


AVKS.  109 

RAITORES.  STi{u;i:s. 

STllIGIDAE. 

L'()7.     Asio  ri.vMMErs  (Pontoppidan)  A.  <  ).  I',  coiinii. 

Short-eared  owl;    Bog  owl;    Gray  marsh  owl;    Marsh  owl. 

Sfrl.r  fhtiumra  IN)iil()p|).,  Daiiskc  atlas,  17(i."i,  veil.  1,  |).  (117, 
pi.  2').     lia.si-d  oil   Liimi'':    (Sweden]. 

J.v/o  arripltrinu.t  (VixWiis).  ('!ia|iiiiaii,  Ilaiidh.  I)ird.s  ca.st.  No. 
Aincr..  IS^f).  p.  21");  A.  K.  l'i>li(  r.  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1S93, 
|>l.  IM.      H^'j;.  Beiidins  1892,  vol.   I.  pi.  ll>.  fij;.  I]. 

(  )|)tii  couiitrv  and  inarslu'.s;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Unconinioji  resident,  more  coinnion  migrant  near  coast. 

N.  H. —  I'neonunon  migrant.     April;   Nov. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  (  ?  winters). 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  mainly  near  coast,  rare  in  winter; 
rare  summer  resident.  Mar.  l.")-A|)ril  15;  summer;  Si'pt.i'l  Nov. 
30  (winter). 

K.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  summer  n-sident;  may 
winter  ran'ly.     A|)ril;  <)ct.  2()-I)ec.  2'.i.     Hggs.  April  2.S. 

CoNX. —  Uneonmion  migrant;   raR*  summer  and  winter  resident. 

208.     Stkix  v.\Ki.\  Barton. 

Barred  owl;     Bam  owl   (Me.);    Black-eyed  owl;     Hoot  owl; 
Round-headed  owl. 

Strix  varius  Barton,  Fragm.  nat.  hist.  Penna.,  17*.t'.).  ]•.  11. 
"Pennsylv.\ni.\." 

Sjfrnlum  uehuUmum  (Forst.).  Cliapman,  liandh.  hirds  east. 
No.  Amer.,  1S<>.'),  |).  21o;  A.  K.  Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S., 
1893,  j)l.  22.     P:gg,  Bcmlire,  1S92,  vol.  1.  jil.  12.  Hg.  4. 

Heavy  woods,  |)referal>ly  near  water;  nois  in  hollows  of  tri'es 
or  in  abandoned  liawk  or  crow  nests. 

Me. —  Rather  common  n-sich-nt.  Kggs,  Mar.  27. 
X.  H.  -  Rather  common  resident  up  to  .>()()()  feet. 
Vt. —  Rather  connnon  resident. 


110 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


RAPTORES. 


STRIGES. 


STRIGIDAE. 


Mass. —  Uncommon  resident,  more  frequent  in  fall  migration. 
Eggs,  Mar.  27-May  13. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  resident,  occasionally  more  common  in  fall 
and  winter.     Eggs,  Mar.  15-April  12. 

Coxx. —  Uncommon  resident.  Eggs  (Feb.),  Mar.  l-April  30 
(May  10). 

209.  ScoTiAPTEX  NEBULOSA  (Forstcr)  Preble. 
Great  gray  owl;   Cinereous  owl;   Spectral  owl. 

Sfrix  nebulosa  Forst.,  Phil,  trans,  roy.  soc.  London,  1772, 
vol.  62,  p.  424.     "circa  Sixum  Hudsoxis." 

Strix  cinerea  Gmel.  Swainson  and  Richardson,  Fauna  Boreali- 
Amer.,  1831,  vol.  2,  p.  77,  pi.  31.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi. 
12,  fig.  5. 

Wooded  country;   nests  in  trees. 

]Me. —  Rare  and  irregular  winter  visitor.     Nov.  8-Mar.  2. 

X.  H. —  Rare  winter  visitor. 

Vt. —  Rare  and  irregular  winter  visitor.     Nov.  27-Feb.  1 1 . 

Mass. —  Rare  winter  visitor.     Nov.  10-^lar.  4. 

R.  I. —  Very  rare  winter  visitor:  Fox  Island,  INIar.  25,  1883; 
near  Providence,  1870,  Nov.  19,  1906. 

Coxx. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  North  Haven,  Jan.  18,  1893; 
Stratford,  Jan.  6,  1843. 

210.  Glaux  fuxerea  richardsoni  (Bonaparte)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 
Richardson's  owl;   Sparrow  owl. 

Nyctale  richardsoni  Bonap.,  Geogr.  and  comparative  list  birds 
Europe  and  No.  Amer.,  1838,  p.  7.  Based  on  Audubon:  "at 
Baxgor,  in  Maine,  on  the  Penobscot  River." 

Strix  tengmalmi  Linne.  Swainson  and  Richardson,  Fauna  Bor- 
eali-Amer.,  1831,  vol.  2,  p.  94,  pi.  32.  Egg,  Bendire.  1892,  vol.  1, 
pi.  12,  fig.  6. 


AVES.  1  I  1 

RAin^OUFS.  •  STRir.ES. 

STRIGIDAE. 

W<km1c(1  countrv;   nests  in  holes  in  trees. 

Me. —  Winter  visitor  of  irrej^ular  abundance.  (Sept.)  Xov.  30- 
Mar.  Ki. 

X.  11. —  Han'  winter  visitor.     Dee.  ir)-Mar.  1. 

Vt. —  Ran*  winter  visitor. 

M.\.ss. —  Kan*  winter  visitor.     Xov.  iMi-Mar. 

R.  I. —  Rare  winter  visitor  (four  records).      Dec.   ISs. 

Conn. —  Rare  winter  visitor:    East  AVindsor,  IS.V.t. 

211.  (Ji-AUX  .\r.\Dicr.s  (Gnielin)  A.  O.  U.  eoinin. 
Saw-whet  owl;    Acadian  owl;    Little  owl. 

Strix  aradira  Gniel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  1,  |).  200.  "ix 
America  sEiTENTitioXALi." 

Xijrtala  acadica  ((iniel.).  ("liapnian.  llandl).  l)inis  east.  Xo. 
Anier.,  1895,  p.  217. 

Ulula  acadica  (Gmel.).  Audul)()n,  Birds  of  .Vnier.,  1840,  vol.  1, 
p.  123,  pi.  33.     P:^%  Bendire,  1892,  v(.l.  1.  pi.  12,  fi<;.  7. 

Den.se  woo<ls;   nests  in  old  woodpecker  holes  or  cavities  of  trees. 

Me.,  X.  H. —  Uncommon  n'sidcnt.     K^f^s,  April  (i. 

Vt. —  Unconunon  ri'sident,  mainly  in  northern  j)art. 

M.\S.s. —  Uncommon  resident,  bR-eding  locally.  Kggs,  Aj)ril  4- 
May  1  (July  3). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  winter  visitor;  niav  hn-ed  ran-Iv.  Xov.- 
Feh. 

Conn. —  Rare  R-sident. 

212.  Otus  A.SIO  (Linm?)  Stone, 

Screech  owl;    Cat  owl;    Little  homed  owl;    Mottled  owl;    Red 
owl. 

Strix  asio  Linn<?,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17.38,  vol.  1,  p.  '.)2.  "Amer- 
ica." 


112  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

RAPTORES.  STRIGES. 

STRIGIDAE. 

Megascops  asio  (Linne).  Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No. 
Amer.,  1895,  p.  218;  A.  K.  Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S., 
1893,  pi.  23.     Egcr,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  12,  fig.  8. 

Open  woods,  orchards,  and  shade  trees;  nests  in  cavities  of  trees. 

Me.--—  Rare  resident. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  resident  of  southern  part,  becoming  rare 
in  southern  valleys  of  White  Mts. 
Vt. —  Uncommon  resident  at  lower  elevations. 
Mass. —  Common  resident.     Eggs,  April  15-May  5. 
R.  I. —  Common  resident.     Eggs,  April  7-May  2. 
Conn. —  Common  resident.     Eggs,  April  7-26. 

213.  Bubo  virginianus  (Graelin)  Bonaparte. 
Great  homed  owl;   Cat  owl;   Eagle  owl;   Hoot  owl. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  219;  A.  K. 
Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  pi.  24.  Egg,  Bendire, 
1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  12,  fig.  12. 

Sirix  virginiana  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  1,  p.  287. 
"in  OMNI  America,  in  Astracania  ad  Camschatcam  usque, 

ET  POLO  ARCTICO  PROPIUS." 

Heavy  woods;  nests  in  cavities  of  trees,  in  open  nests  on  the 
branches,  or  rarely  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Uncommon  resident.     Eggs,  Mar.  11-23. 
Vt. —  Uncommon  resident. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  resident.     Eggs,  Feb.  17-April  20. 
R.  I.— Rare  resident.     Eggs,  Feb.  28-Mar.  11. 
Conn. —  Uncommon  resident.     Eggs,  Feb.  19-Mar.  8  (April  12, 
second  laying). 

214.  Bubo  virginianus  subarcticus  (Hoy)  Ridgway. 

Arctic  homed  owl. 

Bilbo  subarcticus  Hay,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila.,  1852,  vol.  6, 
p.  211.     "Wisconsin." 


AVES.  113 

RAI^ORES.  STRIGES. 

STRIGIDAE. 

Strix  arctica  Swains.  Swains,  and  Hicliardson,  Fauna  Bon-ali- 
Anirr.,  1S31,  vol.  2,  j).  87,  j)!.  32. 

IK'uvy  woods  or  open  counlry;  nests  probably  in  cavities  of 
trees,  or  on  their  branches. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  "Maine";  BrownHeld,  1886. 
(Knifjht  su|)po.ses  these  to  be  "pale  or  faded  individuals  of  the  typi- 
cal Horned  Owl.") 

M.\s.s. —  Accidental  visitor:   Walthani,  Nov.  30,  1867. 

215.  Blho  viHGi.MANLs  iiETEROCNEMis  (Obcrholscr)  A.  O.  U. 
coinni. 

Labrador  homed  owl. 

A»io  magcUanicus  hctcrocnemis  01>erh.,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus., 
1904,  vol.  27,  p.  187     "L.vnxe  au  Loup,  L.\br.\dor." 

Dense  forests;   nests  in  trees. 

Me  —  Accidental  visitor:  near  Portland.  Mar.  1870  (recorded  as 
B.  V.  saturaiiis). 

216.  Nyctea  nyctea  (Linn^)  Lichtenstein. 
Snowy  owl;    Arctic  owl;    White  owl. 

Strix  nyctea  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  93.  "i\ 
EuROPA  &  America  .sei>te.\trio.\ali." 

Surnia  nyctea  (Linnd).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1840,  vol.  1, 
p.  113,  pi.  28.     E^%  Bendire,  1S92,  vol.  1,  j)l.  12,  fij?.  19. 

Ojx'U  country  and  barren  fjroiuids;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  L'nconiinon  fall  and  winter  visitor.  (Sept.)  Oct.  15- 
Feb. 

X.  II. —  Late  fall  antl  winter  visitor,  .sonietinies  conMuon;  acci- 
dental in  sinnnier  (Concord,  July).     Oct.  10-April  (-July). 

Vt. —  Irn'gular  fall  and  winter  visitor.     Oct.  20. 

Mass. —  Irn-jjular  fall  and  winter  visitor,  sometimes  common. 
(Oct.  12)  Oct.  28-April  15  (May  20). 


114  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

RAPTORES.  STRIGES. 

STRIGIDAE. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  and  irregular  winter  visitor.     Nov.  3-Feb.  15. 
Conn. —  Uncommon  and  irregular  winter  visitor.     Oct.  17. 

217.  SuRXiA  ULULA  CAPAROCH  (Mtiller)  Stejneger. 
American  hawk  owl;    Day  owl. 

Strix  caparoch  ]Mull.,  Linne'  Vollstand.  natursyst.,  suppl.,  1776, 
p.  69.     "EuROPA." 

Sur7iia  funerea  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1840,  vol.  1, 
p.  112,  pi.  27.     Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  12,  fig.  18. 

Open  country  or  woods;  nests  in  trees  or  rarely  in  cliffs. 

Me. —  Rare  fall  and  winter  \dsitor.  Oct.  24-Mar.  10  (April  16, 
1906,  Van  Buren). 

N.  H. —  Rare  fall  and  winter  \isitor.  Oct.  25-(April  20,  Con- 
necticut Lakes). 

Vt.- —  Rare  fall  and  winter  visitor;  (?  summer  in  north).  Xov. 
2-winter. 

]Mass. —  Rare  fall  and  winter  visitor.     Nov.  16-Mar.  25. 

R.  I. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  \Yest  Greenwich,  Nov.  16,  1906; 
(also  one  doubtful  record). 

CoxN. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  New  Haven,  Nov.  1869. 

218.  Speotyto  cunicularia  htpogaea  (Bonaparte)  Coues. 

Burrowing  owl. 

A.  K.  Fisher,  Hawks  and  owls  of  U.  S.,  1893,  p.  195,  pi.  25. 
Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  12,  fig.  14. 

Strix  hypogaea  Bonap.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1825,  vol.  1,  p.  72,  pi.  7, 
fig.  2.     "Western  Americax  territory." 

Open  prairie  country;  nests  in  old  burrows  of  prairie-dogs  and 
spermophiles. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:   Newbur^-port,  ^lay  5,  1875. 


AVES.  115 

CCKXYGES.  CUCULI. 

CUCULIDAE. 

210.     CoccYZUS  AMERICANUS  (Linn^)  Bonaparte. 

Yellow-billed  cuckoo;    Chow-chow;    Egg  sucker;    Milk  sourer; 
Rain  crow;    Rain  dove. 

Aii(lnl>()n,  Birds  of  Anier.,  1S42.  vol.  4,  p.  293.  \)\.  275.     Egg, 
Bi-ndire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  5.  fig.  1. 
Ciiciilu.t  amfricanu.'i  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  e<l.   10,   1758,  vol.   1,   |). 

111.      "C.\ROUX.\." 

'I'liickets,  shade  tree.s,  and  open  woods;  nests  in  low  trees  or 
bushes. 

Me. —  Rare  summer  resident  in  .southern  eounties.  May  18- 
Aug. 

X.  H. —  Rare  summer  resident  of  coast  and  southern  valleys. 
May-Sept. 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations.  .May-summer. 
Eggs,  June  4-.July  10. 

M.\.s.s. —  Uncommon  .sunuacr  rcsidint,  mainly  (jf  .south  and  cast 
parts.  (May  4)  May  9-Sept.  2G  (Oct.  6;  Nov.).  Eggs,  May  20- 
June  30. 

1\.  I.  -  .Siunmcr  ri-sidcnt,  .sometimes  common.  May  9-Sept. 
25  t(  )ct.  23).  Eggs,  May  24-30. 

Co.v.N". —  Common  summer  resident.  May  7-Sept.  (Oct.  11). 
Eggs.  .Tun.'  l-.TuIy  24  (Aug.  4,  18,  26,  Sejit.  23). 

220.     CoccYZUS  ERYTHROPHTH.\LMis  (Wilson)  Bonaparte. 

Black-billed  cuckoo;    Chow-chow;    Egg  sucker;    Milk  sourer; 
Rain  crow;    Rain  dove. 

.\uduhon.  Birds  of  Amcr.,  1842,  vol.  1,  p.  300.  pi.  27(1.  Kgg, 
Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  5,  figs.  3,  4. 

CuruluJt  enjtiiropthalma  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1811,  vol.  1.  p.  16, 
|)1.  28.     "Georgi.\." 

'riiickets,  shade  trees,  and  open  woods;  nests  in  low  tri'cs  or 
hushes. 


116  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

COCCYGES.  CUCULl. 

CUCULIDAE. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  11-Sept.  14.  Eggs, 
June  17. 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations.  May  12- 
Sept.  22  (Oct.  5). 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident.     Eggs,  (Aug.  13). 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  4-Sept.  27  (Oct. 
21).     Eggs,  May  20-June  17. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident.  INIay  11-Sept.  16.  Eggs, 
May  27- June  1. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  15-Sept.  28  (Nov. 
28,  1888,  Stratford).     Eggs,  June  7- July  24  (Aug.  26). 

ALCYONES. 

ALCEDINIDAE. 

221.     Ceryle  alcyon  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 

Belted  kingfisher;    Kingfisher;    Lazy-bird. 

Alcedo  alcyon  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  ]).  115. 
"America."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4,  p.  205,  pi. 
255.     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  1,  fig.  3. 

Vicinity  of  bodies  of  water;  nests  in  burrows  excavated  in  banks. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.  April  12-Sept.  (Dec.  27). 
Eggs,  June  1. 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident;  rare  winter  resident  near 
open  streams.     Mar.-Nov.  24  (winter).     Eggs,  May  20. 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident;  rare  Avinter  resident.  Mar. 
27-Oct.  (winter,  Brattleboro). 

]\Iass. —  Common  summer  resident,  and  rare  winter  resident. 
Mar.  15-Dec.  5  (winter).     Eggs,  ^Nlay  15- June  6. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  and  uncommon  winter  resident. 
ISIar.-Oct.  20;   winter.     Eggs,  May  15-20. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  and  uncommon  winter  resident. 
Mar.  29-Nov.  13;  winter.     Eggs,  May  14. 


AVRS.  1  1  7 

VlVl. 

PICIDAE. 

222.  DHYonATF.s  vn.ix).sr.s  (I.iiin<'')  Ciihaiiis. 

Hairy  woodpecker;    Big  guinea  woodpecker;    Big  sapsucker. 

Pirii.t  villosuji  Liiin^',  Sysl.  iiat..  cil.  12,  17(»(i,  vol.  1,  |).  17."). 
"l.\     AmKUKW     .SKlTKNTRIONAI.l."      .Vlldllhoil,      Hinls     of     .VlJUT.. 

1S12.  vol.  },  p.  24}.  |.l.  202.     E^%  ('a|H'n,  ISSC,  pi.  I,  H^.  [>. 
Forests;  nests  in  holes  du^  in  dead  or  live  trees. 

Me. —  Connnon  re.sident.     Kf;;;.s,  May  2S. 

X.  II.  —Common  re.sidiMit  up  to  -i'AH)  ft. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  n-.sident.     E^g.s,  .hme  8. 

M.\.S8. —  Uncommon  winter  visitor  and  less  common  summer 
resident.  es|M'(ially  in  western  part.     Ej;<js,  A|)ril  22-May  30. 

K.  I. —  Uncommon  fall  and  winter  visitor  and  rare  sumnn'r 
nsident  (Chejiachet,  Cranston).  Sept.  l.-Mar.;  summer.  E^j;s, 
May  12-28. 

Co.w. —  Unionnnon  fall  and  winter  visitor,  rare  summer  resident. 
Eggs,  May  2-9. 

223.  I)uYOHATE.s  PLBESCEN's  .MEDiANUS  (Swainson)  Brewster. 

Downy  woodpecker;     Little   guinea   woodpecker;     Little    sap- 
sucker. 

Pirii^t  (J)nnlroroi)u,s)  mrd ia n u.s  ^wu'ins.,  in  Swains,  and  Uicliard- 
s<jn,  Fauna  IJon-ali-.Viner.,   1831,  vol.  2,  p.  308.     ".middle  I'.vhts 

OF    XoHTH   A.MERICW.  .  .  .XeW  JeILSEY." 

Drifolmtf.f  puljeAcen.i  (Linn^*).  Clia|)man,  IIandl>.  birds  east. 
Xo.  Amer..  18«>.-),  p.  230;  Bird-life,  1898,  pi.  24.  Egg.  CajH-n, 
1886.  pi.  11,  fig.  10. 

()|H'n  woods,  shade  and  orchard  trees;  nests  in  holes  excavated 
in  dead  tnvs. 

Me. —  Common  resident.     Eggs.  May  27. 

X.  H. —  Common  nvsident,  mainly  Ix'low  3000  ft. 

Vt. —  Common  resident. 


118  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PICI. 

PICIDAE. 

Mass. —  Common  resident,  most  conspicuous  in  fall  and  winter. 
Eggs,  May20-.Iune21. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  summer  and  common  winter  resident.  Eggs, 
May  12-25. 

Conn. —  Common  resident. 

224.  PiroiDES  ARCTicus  (Swainson)  Gray. 

Arctic  three-toed  woodpecker;    Black-backed  three-toed  wood- 
pecker. 

Picvs  (Apternus)  arcticus  Swains.,  in  Swains,  and  Richardson, 
Pauna    Boreali-Amer.,  1831,  vol.  2,  p.  313,  pi.  57.     "near   the 

SOURCES    OF    THE    ATHABASCA    RiVER,    LAT.     57°."       Egg,    Capen, 

1886,  pi.  14,  fig.  11. 

Evergreen  forests ;  nests  in  holes  excavated  in  dead  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  winter  visitor,  and  in  northern  and  western 
counties,  rare  resident.     Eggs,  May  23. 

N.  H.—  Rare  resident  above  3000  ft.  in  White  jSIts.,  south  to  Mt. 
Passacohaway  and  possibly  on  Mt.  ]\Ionadnock  (Keene,  breeding), 
elsewhere  rare  visitor. 

Vt. —  Rare  resident  in  northern  ))art  and  on  higher  peaks 
(nests  at  Burlington,  Lunenburg,  Sherburne,  Pico  Peak,  etc.); 
occasional  visitor  to  lower  country  in  fall  and  winter.  Eggs, 
May  29,  June  1. 

Mass. —  Occasional  fall  and  winter  visitor.  (Late  Sept.) 
Oct.  16-April  27  (July,  1888,  Boxford;  Aug.  11,  1883,  Dorchester). 

Conn. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  East  Windsor  Hill;  Simsbury, 
1860. 

225.  PicoiDES  AMERiCANUS  Brehm. 

American  three-toed  woodpecker;    Banded-backed  woodpecker; 
Ladder-backed  woodpecker. 

Picoides  americana  Brehm,  Handb.  d.  naturgesch.  aller  vogel 
Deutschl.,  1831,  p.  195.     "Amerika." 


AVES.  IIU 

PR'I. 

PICIDAE. 

I'icu.s  lilr.tutii.-<  \'ii-ill.  Auilul»(»ii,  Binls  nf  Aiiicr.,  1S12.  vol.  4, 
p.  i?(l.s.  1)1.  2m.     Ki^,  Cu\H'n,  ISSC),  |)1.  14,  fi^.  12. 

FvrrpnTii  fon'.sts;  ncst.s  in  holes  oxrnvatcd  in  dead  trt'cs. 

Mk. —  liar*'  winter  visitor,  and  in  north  and  west,  a  ran-  R'.sidi-nt. 
EgK-s,  .lum-  2. 

X.  H. —  Ran-  n-sidrnt  ahow  MM)  ft.,  south  to  Saiulwidi  range; 
olscwhcri'  ran'  winter  visitor.     Eggs,  .Inne  4. 

Vt. —  Ran*  winter  visitor  and  local  roidcnt  (i'ico  I'tak  above 
2m)  ft.). 

M.\.s.s. —  Rim-  winter  visitor.     .Vpril  28. 

22r».     SpHVKAi'K  I  s  VAUius  (Linn6)  Baird. 

Yellow-bellied  sapsucker;    Red-throated  sapsucker;    Squealing 
or  Whining  woodpecker. 

Piciht  varim  Linn^,  Sy.st.  nat.,  ed.  12,  ITiW),  vol.  1,  ]>.  17(1.  *'i\ 
Amkkka  ski»tenthi()\ali."  DeKay.  Zool.  New  \  ork,  1S44, 
vol.  2,  p.  INK,  pi.  IS.  fig.  :iS;  Bonaparte,  Ainer.  ornith..  1S25,  vol. 
1,  pi.  S.  figs.  1,  2.     EfT^,  Capen,  IS.Sti,  pi.  14,  Hg.  V.l 

\Vo(m1s,  orchards,  and  shade  tR'es;  nests  in  holes  excavated  in 
dead  trees. 

Mk. —  (oniinon  migrant  and  in  northern  coinitie.s  a  coninion 
sunnner  resident.  (Mar.  S  and  HI)  .\prii  10  —  Oct.  2(i  (Nov.  1')). 
Eggs.  May  l.S-.Iune  8. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  in  nortlurn  half  a  common  sum- 
mer H'sident  nj)  to  iiOtM)  ft.;  accidental  winter  Rsideiit  (Charle.s- 
town,  lS<)8-<n)).     April  14-()ct.  20  (winter). 

Vt. —  Common  migrant,  le.ss  common  summir  resident. 

Ma.s.s. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  accidental  winter  resident ;  in 
Berkshiri'  Co.  a  ran-  summer  resident.  \]m\  4-May  10;  summer; 
Sept.  10-Xov.  1  (winter). 

R.  I.— Uneonunon  migrant.     (Mar.  2:i)-A|)ril;  Sejjt.  2(M)cf.  11. 

Conn. —  Rare  s|)ring  and  mu-ommon  fall  migrant.  Mar.  30- 
May  3;   Sept.  2S-(Vt.  (Dee.  21.  190S,  New  Haven). 


120  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PICI. 

PICIDAE. 

227.  Phloeotomus  pileatus  abieticola  (Bangs  ) A.  O.  U.  conirn. 

Northern  pileated  woodpecker;  Black  woodpecker;  Cock  of 
the  woods;  Laughing  woodpecker;  Logcock;  Stump -breaker; 
Woodchuck;   Woodcock;   Woodhen. 

Ceophlocus  pileatus  abieticola  Bangs,  Auk,  1898,  vol.  15,  p.  176. 
"Greex.ville,  Maine." 

Picus  pileatus  Linne.  DeKay,  Zool.  New  York,  1844,  vol.  2, 
pi.  18,  fig.  35.  Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  14,  fig.  6. 

Heavy  timber;  nests  in  holes  excavated  in  dead  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  resident  in  wilder  portions.  Eggs,  May  11- 
May  28. 

N.  H. —  Rare  resident  mainly  in  northern  and  western  parts. 

Vt. —  Rare  resident,  breeds  south  to  Taftsville,  Townshend, 
Wells  River.     Eggs,  May  22. 

Mass. —  Rare  resident  in  western  counties;  elsewhere  casual. 
Eggs,  May  17. 

Conn. —  Rare  or  now  an  accidental  visitor  (Granby,  Nov.  1, 
1890,  1894-95;    Litchfield,  June  20,  1908). 

228.  Melanerpes  erythrocephalus  (Linne)  Swainson. 
Red-headed  woodpecker. 

Picjis  erythrocephalus  Linne,  Syst.nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p. 
113.  "America."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4,  p. 
274,  pi.  271.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  14,  fig.  14. 

Open  woodlands  and  shade  trees;  nests  in  holes  excavated  in 
dead  trees. 

Me. —  Occasional  visitor,  mainly  in  spring  and  fall;  said  to 
have  bred  in  York  Co. 

N.  H. —  Rare  and  irregular  visitor  in  southern  half.  ]Mav  25- 
Sept. 

Vt.— Irregular  visitor  at  all  seasons,  sometimes  common;  resi- 
dent and  bred  in  western  part  about  1880  (Orwell,  Rutland). 


AVES.  121 

PICI. 

riCIDAE. 

Mass. —  Rare  irn-pjular  visitor  at  all  seasons,  somctinu-s  IjrtH'diiij; 
(Apjawain,  Hrookliiu",  Newton).     K^ps,  May-June  17. 

R.  I.  —  Irrejjiilar  visitor,  sonietiines  coiniiion  in  fall;  ran-  sinn- 
uier  resident  (Providence  Co.;  Warwick,  youn;,'  in  nest,  July  2S, 
1S<S2).     Eggs,  May  2S. 

Conn. —  Rare  suninier  resident  and  iingular  visitor  at  all  sea- 
sons; formerly  mon*  common. 

229.  CENTfRts  rvHoi.iNfs  (T^innd)  Bonaparte. 
Red-bellied  woodpecker. 

Picas  carolinus  Linn^,  Sy.st.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  |).  113. 
"in  Amehic.v  SEr»TE.NTKioNAi,i."  IX' Kay,  Zool.  New  York,  1844, 
vol.  2,  p.  189,  pi.  17,  fig.  37. 

Wooded  bottomlands;   nests  in  holes  excavated  in  dead  trees. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor  (five  records).     May-Xov. 
R.  I. —  Accidental  visitor:   near  Providence,  two  specimens. 
CoxN. —  Accidental  visitor:   Hartford;  Stratford,  Oct.  16,  1842. 
Suffield,  July  .30,  1874. 

230.  CoLAPTE.S  ALUATLS  LUTELS  BailgS. 

Northern  flicker;  Anteal^r;  Clape;  Golden-winged  woodpecker; 
Grasshopper  woodpecker  i\t.);  Harry  wicket;  High-hole; 
Pigeon  woodpecker;  Wake-up;  Yaffle;  Yellow  jay;  Yellow- 
hammer;    Yellow-wing  ^^Ma.^.^.j;    Yucker. 

Bangs,  Auk,  1S98,  vol.  15,  p.   177.     "Watektow.v,  Ma.ss." 
Colaptr.t  aiiratu.t   (Liini^).     Chapman,    Bird-lifi-,    1S9S,    p.    11(», 

pi.  20.     Egg,  Ca|)en,  issij,  p|.  14.  hg.  15. 

()|K-n  woods,  orchards,  fields,  clearings;   nests  in  holes  excavated 

in  dead  trees,  or  in  cavities. 


1  ueau  trees,  or  m  cavuies. 

Me. —  Connncjii  summer,  and  near  coast,  a  rare  winter  resic 
lar.  11-Xov.  13  (winter).     Eggs,  May  27-June  14. 


dent. 
Mr 


122  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PICI. 

PICIDAE. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  below  2000  ft. ; 
rare  winter  resident  near  coast.     Eggs,  ISIay  24. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and   summer   resident.     April  18-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  less  common 
winter  resident,  mainly  near  coast.     Eggs,  ^lay  6-June  20. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  and  winter 
resident.     Mar.  18-Xov.;   winter.     Eggs,  April  29-May  19. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  less  common 
winter  resident.  Mar.  28-Nov.  28;  winter.  Eggs,  May  18- 
June  9. 

MACROCHIRES.  CAPRIMULGI. 

CAFRIMULGIDAE. 

231.  AxTROSTOMUS  CAROLixEXSis  (Gmelin)  Gould. 
Chuck-will's-widow. 

Caprirnulgus  carolinensis  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  })t.  2, 
p.  1028.  "ViRGixiA  &  Carolixa."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1840,  vol.  1,  p.  151,  pi.  41.  Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  1, 
figs.  8,  9. 

Woods  and  thickets,  active  at  night;  nests  on  the  ground. 

^NIass. —  Accidental  visitor:   Revere  (Oct.  or  Dec),  1884. 
Coxx.— Accidental  visitor:    New  Haven,  May  19,  1889  (after 
southerly  storm). 

232.  AxTROSTOMUS  vociFERUS  (Wilson)  Bonaparte. 
Whip-poor-will. 

Caprirnulgus  vociferiis  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1812,  vol.  5,  p.  71, 
pi.  41,  fig.  1-3.  "Kextucky."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1840, 
vol.  1,'  p.^o5,  pi.  42.     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  1,  figs.  10,  11. 

Woods  and  thickets,  active  at  night;    nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.     April  28-Sept.  21. 


AVKS.  123 

MAC'IUK'HIUES.  CArHIMlUil. 

CAPRIMl'LCJIDAE. 

N.  11. —  Coininon  suinincr  resident  north  to  Wliitc  Mt.  v.illcy.s. 
May  (>-S<«pt.  2('). 

\'t. — ^  Coiniiion  .suimiKT  resident  at  l(»\v«r  elevations.  May  ')- 
Sept.  10.     Kj;<r.s.  May  24-:il. 

M.\ss. —  Conunon  suninier  resident.  (Aj)ril  22)  A|)ril  3()-Sej)t. 
25.      Kggs.  May  IS  June  9. 

\{.  I. —  Common  sunuuer  resident,  .\pril  2o-fall.  H^j,'s,  May 
2o-.Iune  8. 

CoxN. —  Common  summer  n'sident.  Late  A|)ril-Sept.  (Nov.  1, 
ISSO,  \oank).     Eggs,  May  20-.Tune  5  (July  4). 

233.     Cii<>iU)Kii.Ks  viiUiiNiwr.s  (Gmelin)  Swainson. 

Nighthawk;    Bull-bat;    Mosquito  hawk;    Pork-and-beans. 

.\iidiihon,  Bird.s  of  Anier..  IS  JO,  vol.  1,  p.  l.'V.J,  |)1.  13.  Egg. 
Bendire,  iSWo,  vol.  2,  |)1.  2,  fig.  1-3. 

Caprimiilgus  virginianus  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,   17SS,  vol.   1,  pt.  2, 

j).    102S.       "l\   AmERKW   SEITE.NTItlON All,    I'K.VE.SEHTIM   VlKGI.\I.\." 

Woods,  thickets,  or  in  cities  and  o|)en  country;  nest.s  on  the 
ground  or  on  fiat  gravelled  roofs;   largely  nocturnal. 

Me. —  ('(jninion  migrant  and  suninier  R'sident.  (A|)ril  11,  East 
Hel)n»n;   April  22)  May  3-Sept.  14.     Eggs,  June  2r)-July  4. 

.\.  II.  —Common  migrant  and  at  lower  altitudes  a  less  common 
summer  resident.     (April  17)  May  9-Sept.  lo.     Eggs,  June  10. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     May-S»'pt. 

M.v.ss. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  n-sident. 
(April  23)  May  9-Oct.  G.     Eggs,  June  .>-lo. 

K.  1. —  Common  migrant  (mainly  inland),  and  summer  resident. 
C\pril  7)  May  S«-j)t.  (()<t.)     Eggs,  Jime  .')-S. 

Co.W. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  suniincr  n-sident. 
Mav  11-Oct.     Eggs,  June  3-23. 


124  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

MACROCHIRES.  CYPSELI. 

MICROPODIDAE. 

234.  Chaetura  pelagica  (Linne)  Stephens. 
Chimney  swift;    Chimney-bird;    Chimney  swallow. 

Chapman,  Handl).  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  239;  Bird- 
life,  1898,  pi.  28.     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  1,  fig.  25. 

Hirundo  pelagica  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  192. 
"America." 

Lives  largely  on  the  wing;  rests  and  nests  in  hollow  trees,  chim- 
neys, or  barns. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.  April  26-Sept.  11.  Eggs, 
June  15-July  10. 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident.      April  27-Sept.  7  (Oct.  1). 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident.     May  1-Sept. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident.  (April  18)  April  25-Sept. 
25  (Oct.  12,  1907,  Sharon).     Eggs,  June  10-30. 

R.  L —  Common  summer  resident.  April  26-Sept.  17.  Eggs, 
June  10- July  1. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.  (April  14)  April  21-Sept. 
27.     Eggs,  June  24. 

TROCHILI. 
TROCHILIDAE, 

235.  Trochilus  colubris  Linne. 
Ruby-throated  hummingbird. 

Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  120.  "in  America, 
IMPRIMIS  SEPTENTRiONALi."  DeKay,  Zool.  New  York,  1844,  vol. 
21,  p.  46,  pi.  40,  fig.  87.  Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  1,  fig. 
27. 

Open  country,  haunting  flower  growths ;  nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.     May  6-Sept.  26   (Oct.   1). 
N.   H. —  Common  migrant,   less  common  summer  resident  at 
lower  elevations.     May  13-Sept.  25.     Eggs,  June  29-July  15. 
Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.     May  15-Sept. 


AVES.  125 

machck'hihks.  tu(hhili. 

tk(k'hii.ii)ap:. 

Mass. —  ronininn  ini<;r;ml.  Ii'>>  ciiiiiimiii  >iiiiiiiii  r  rt'si(l»'iit. 
(May  1)  May  (>  Srpt.  2;i  (Oct.  1.")).     H^jjs,  May  24  .luiu-  1.'). 

ii.  1. —  Coninioii  suinincr  n'sidcnt.  CMay  '.i)  May  (>-Sc|)t.  2.i. 
Eggs,  May  20-.Iuly  4. 

Conn. —  Conuiion  suiniiuT  rt'sident.  May  5-Oct.  5  (Oct.  IG). 
Eggs,  May  27-June  3  (Aug.  4). 

PASSERES.  CLAMATORES. 

TYRANNIDAE. 

236.  ML.scivoit\  KOHiiCAT.v  (^(iiiRlin)  Ulxrholscr. 
Scissor-tailed  flycatcher. 

Muscicapa  forjicata  Gnu'l.,  Syst.  nat.,  ITSS,  vol.  1.  ])t.  2,  ]».  031. 
"in  nova  Hispania."  Bonaparte,  Amer.  oniitli.,  1S2.'),  vol.  1,  p. 
15,  1)1.  2.  W\r.  1.     Egg,  Bt'iulirc,   1S<).-),  vol.  2,  pi.  1,  figs.  12,  13. 

OjH'n  trt't'-grown  country;   nests  in  trees. 

\i. —  Accidental  visitor:  St.  Johnshury,  ?  1SS4. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:    Wauregan,  about  Aj)ril  27.  1>n76. 

237.  TvRANNT's  TviJANMs  (Liuu^^')  Jordan. 

Kingbird. 

Chaj)man,   Ilandh.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amcr.,  ISO."),  j).  243;    Hird- 
life,  ISOS,  pi.  30.     Kgg.  Hi-ndire,  1S05,  vol.  2,  pi.  1.  fig.s.  14.  1."). 
Laniti.t  fifratinus  Liiuie,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.    10,  1758.  vol.  1,  j).  04. 

"in  A.MEHICA  SEITKNTUIONALI." 

r>rchards  and  tn-e  growth  along  streams  and  lakes;  nests  in  trees. 

Mk. —  Common  summer  n-sident.  May  3-Si'pt.  12  (.'^cpt.  25). 
Eggs,  June  15. 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  north  to  the  Whiii'  Mt. 
valleys.     May  3-Si'pt.  1 1. 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident.     May  5-Sept. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident.  (April  27)  May  3-Sept.  10 
(Sept.  26).     P:ggs,  May  30  July  4  (July  17). 


126  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  CLAMATORES. 

TYRANNIDAE. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  1-Sept.  12  (Sept.  28). 
Eggs,  May  31-June  17. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.  (April  13,  26)  May  1- 
Sept.  15. 

238.  Tyrannus  dominicensis  (Gmelin)  Richardson. 
Gray  kingbird. 

Lanius  tyrannus  /?.  dominicensis  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1, 
pt.  1,  p.  302.     "insula  S.  Dominici  et  Jamaica." 

Muscicapa  dominicensis  Brisson.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1840,  vol.  1,  p.  201,  pi.  55.  Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  2,  figs. 
3,4. 

Tree  growth  along  seacoasts  and  large  streams;  nests  in  low  trees. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:   Lynn,  Oct.  23,  1869. 

239.  Tyrannus  verticalis  Say. 
Arkansas  kingbird. 

Say,  Long's  Exped.  to  Rocky  Mts.,  1823,  vol.  2,  p.  60.  On  the 
"Arkansa"  River. 

Muscicapa  verticalis  (Say).  Bonaparte,  Amer.  ornith.,  1825, 
vol.  1,  p.  18,  pi.  2,  fig.  2.    Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  1,  figs.  16,  17. 

Open  country,  usually  near  water;  nests  in  trees. 

Me.— Accidental  visitor:  Eliot,  Oct.,?  1864. 

240.  Myiarchus  crinitus  (Linne)  Lichtenstein. 
Crested  flycatcher;    Great  crested  flycatcher. 

Muscicapa  crinita  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  325. 
"in  America  septentrionali."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1840, 
vol.  1,  p.  209,  pi.  57.     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  2,  figs.  8,  9. 

Open  woods;  nests  in  hollow  limbs. 


AVES.  1 27 

PASSKllIvS.  LLAM  AT(  )ia:S. 

TYHANNIDAE. 

Mr,.  t  iiconunon  snnuncr  resident,  iniiiiily  in  soutlicrn  part. 
May  s  S<'|)t.  L'O.     K^j;.s,  .liine  11-25. 

N.  H. —  rnconiinoi)  .suinnuT  n'.sident  north  to  \\  liite  Mt.  valleys. 
May  13-S<'j)t.     Kjl^is.  early  .Inne-.Tnly  7. 

Vt. —  Common  .snmnier  R-.sident.     May  S-Sept. 

Ma.ss. —  Unconnnon  summer  resident.  (May  1)  May  9-Scpt.  2G 
(Oct.  15).     Ego:s.  June  i:i  -27. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  suninier  resident.  May  2-.\uf;.  23.  K^gs, 
June  5,  (■>. 

Co.v.v. —  Common  summer  n-sidcnt.  May  -i-Sept.  17.  Eggs, 
May  27-.Tune  1.3. 

241.     Saydhms  I'UOEBE  (Latham)  Stejneger. 

Phoebe;   Bam.  Bridge,  or  House  pewee;   Bridge-bird;  Pewit. 

Ilidgway,  Bull.  50,  V.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1907,  pt.  4,  p.  594.  Egg, 
Bcndirc,  1S95.  vol.  2,  pi.  1,  fig.  2S. 

Muscicajm  pliorhc  Lath.,  Index  ornith.,  1790,  vol.  2,  p.  4S9. 
"i.\  America  .seite.ntrionali,  XovEHoit-^co." 

Mu.srirajm  fii.'<ra  Bonap.  .Xiidiilioii,  Ornith.  hiogr.,  1S34,  Vdl. 
2.  p.  122.  pi.  120. 

Borders  of  streams  and  ponds,  or  al)out  Kuildings;  nests  nmler 
bridges  or  culverts,  or  on  projectimis  of  buildings  or  leiiges. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.  Mar.  22-Oet.  19  (.Xov.  21, 
1SS4,  Brewer).     Eggs,  May  7-.June  24. 

N.  II.  -  Common  sumin»'r  resid«'nt  at  lower  elevations.  Mar. 
22-()rt.  17.     Eggs,  .June  7-.Inly. 

Vt. —  Common  summer  n'sident.     .Mar.  22-faII. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  summer  n-sident.  (Eeb.  20)  Mar.  12-()et. 
26  (Nov.  15).  Eggs.  April  27-May  10;  June  13-July  3  (2d  brood) ; 
Aug.  15  (  ?  3d  brood). 

K.  I.  — Common  summer  n-sident.  Mar.  S-Oct.  27.  Eggs, 
Mav  7-12. 


128  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  CLAMATORES. 

TYRANNIDAE. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  and  rare  or  accidental  winter  resi- 
dent (New  Haven,  Dec.  21,  1906-I\Iar.  10,  1907;  Dec.  25,  1907). 
(Feb.  25),Mar.  11-Oct.  30  (winter).  Eggs,  May  12-June  11;  July 
10. 

242.  Sayornis  saya  (Bonaparte)  Baird. 
Say's  phoebe. 

Muscicapa  saya  Bonap.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1825,  vol.  1,  p.  20,  pi.  2, 
fig.  3.  "near  the  Arkansaw  river,  about  twenty  miles 
FROM  THE  Rocky  Mountains."  Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  1, 
fig.  29. 

Open  country;  nests  under  bridges,  projections  of  buildings  and 
ledges. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  North  Truro,  Sept.  30,  1889. 

243.  Nuttallornis  borealis  (Swainson)  Oberholser. 
Olive-sided  flycatcher;    Three-deer. 

Tijranmis  borealis  Swains.,  in  Swains,  and  Richardson,  Fauna 
Boreali-Amer.,  1831,  vol.  2,  p.  141,  pi.  35.  "Cumberl.'LND  House, 
LAT.  54.°  "     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  2,  figs.  15, 16. 

Mixed  and  coniferous  woods;  nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  summer  resident,  south  to  Cape  Elizabeth. 
May  7-Sept.  15.     Eggs,  June  17-23. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.     May  18-Sept.  14. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident,  mainly  of  mountainous 
regions.     May  10-fall.     Eggs,  June  10-16. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  western  part,  rare  and 
local  in  the  east.     May  10-Sept.  10.     Eggs,  June  16-July. 

R.  I.— Rare  migrant.     May  14-24;    ?  fall. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant ;  may  breed  in  northwestern  part.  Spring; 
Aug.  5-Oct.  18. 


AVES.  129 

PASSKUKS.  (  T-AM AT( )RKS. 

TVHAXNIDAi:. 

'2\\.     MvrocHANEs  viRF.Ns  (Liiiiie)  liidj^way. 
Wood  pewee;    Dead-limb  bird. 

MiiJtricafKi  rinn.'i  LiiHi<'',  Syst.  iial.,  nl.  12,  17»)0,  vol.  1,  p.  HJT. 
"is  C.\UOU\A  \D  Rll'.x.s."  Audulxm.  Birds  of  Ainer.,  1S40,  vol.  1, 
pi.  64. 

Coutopn.s  vlrcna  (Linn^'').  Cliapmaii,  Haiull*.  hirds  oast.  Xo. 
AnuT..  IN'I.").  p.  247.     I'V«r.  Hcndirr,  isi).').  vol.  2.  |)1.  2.  figs.  18,  19. 

WocmIs  and  sliado  tr»'<'.s;    in'.sts  in  tri'i's. 

Me. —  Common  sunnniT  R'sidt-nt.  May  12-Sept.  27.  Kggs, 
June  2(). 

N.  H.— Common  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations.  May 
i7-Sept.  17.     Kggs.  June  O-IG. 

Vt. —  Conunon  summer  resident.     May  19-S<^))t. 

M.vss. —  Common  summer  resident.  (May  10)  May  12-Sej)t. 
26  (Oct.  1).     Eggs.  June  lO-July  10. 

K.  I. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  12-Sept.  24.  Eggs, 
June  15-30. 

Co.NX. —  Common  summer  resident.     May  10-Sept. 

24.').     Emi'Idonax  I  la\i\  i:\tuks  (Baird)  Baird. 
Yellow-bellied  flycatcher. 

Ti/ranniilfi  jiarirnitri.f  Bainl.  Proc  aead.  nat.  sci.  Phila.,  isi;{, 
vol.  1,  p.  2s;j.     "nkah  Cahi.i.si.e,  Pknx.sylvania." 

Mu.tcirap<i  tlorirrntri.t  (Baird).  Audnhoii,  liinls  ni  .\iinr., 
1S44.  vol.  7.  p.  :i\\.  pi.  4'.K).     Egg.  Beiidire,  1S«>.-),  vol.  2.  pi.  2.  fig.  23. 

Damp  evcrgn-en  tlii(k<'ts;   insts  among  tree  roots. 

Mk.  rneommon  summer  resident  in  northern  part.  May  21- 
Jime  1;  sununer  Sept.  S.     Eggs.  .Inne  14   27. 

.\.  H.  -Common  sumnwr  resident  ahovc  .3(MM)  ft.  from  White 
Mts.  nt)rfh;  KkuI  south  to  DuMin.  May  iS-Aug.  (? Sept.).  Eggs, 
June  14. 


130  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  CLAMATORES. 

TYR.AN^NIDAE. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations 
south  to  Londonderry.     May  16-sumraer. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant  and  possible  summer  resident  on  !Mt. 
Greylock  (June  15,  1907).  (May  10)  May  lo-June  10  (June 
15);  Aug.  25-Sept.  10  (Nov.  29,  1876,  Reading;  Dec.  1,  1876, 
Newton). 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     ^Slay  21;    (?  July  27)  Aug.  7. 

Coxx. —  Uncommon  migrant.     ^lay  20-early  June;    Sept.   17. 

246.  Empidoxax  virescexs  (A'ieillot)  Brewster. 
Green-crested  flycatcher;   Acadian  flycatcher. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  249.  Egg, 
Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  2,  figs.  26,  27. 

Platyrhynchos  vircscens  Vieill.,  Xouv.  diet,  d'hist.  nat.,  1818, 
vol.  27,  p.  22.     Xo  locality,  based  on  Wilson. 

Miiscicapa  acadica  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1840, 
vol.  1,  p.  221,  pi.  62. 

Deep  woods  near  water;  nests,  pensile,  in  low  trees. 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  resident:  Bennington  (nest  with  young, 
July  14,  1904) ;   various  doubtful  records. 

Mass. —  Very  rare  summer  resident  (Hyde  Park,  1888;  nee 
Springfield). 

Coxx. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  (Greenwich,  Stamford, 
Suffield).     Eggs,  June  2-22. 

247.  Empidoxax  traillii  alxorum  Brewster. 
Alder  flycatcher;    Traill's  flycatcher. 

Brewst.,  Auk,  1895,  vol.  12,  p.  161.  "Uptox,  Maixe."  Bird- 
lore,  1908,  vol.  10,  plate  in  no.  .3,  figs.  2,  3.  Egg,  Bendire,  1895, 
vol.  2,  pi.  2,  fig.  30.  ,^ 

Alder  swamps;   nests  in  low  bushes. 

Me. —  Common  local  summer  resident.  (May  15)  ^lay  18- 
Sept.  5.     Eggs,  June  21. 


AVES.  131 

PASSERES.  CLAM  AT(  )RES. 

TVUANMDAE. 

N.  II. —  Ixn-al  siimiinT  n'sidciit  below  '200i)  ft.;  uncoiiimoii 
south  of  White  Mt.s.  (May  11,  10)  .May  JO-Au^'.  M.  Epgs, 
.Iiine  22-.Iuly  S. 

\'t. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident.  (May  17)  May  21- 
Sept.     Kjjfjs.  .lune  13-. July  '.iO. 

Mass. —  I.,ocal  summer  resident,  rare  in  eastern  part  (E.s.sex 
and  Middlesex  Cos.).  connnoner  in  western.  May  l(>-.Tnnc  6; 
suminer-Aug.  24.     EgjT.s,  June  lo-JuIy  3. 

Coxx. —  Ix>cal  sunnner  resident  (Norfolk).     (May  (J). 

248.     E.MPiDOX.\x  .Mi\i.ML-.s  (Baird)  Baird. 
Least  flycatcher;    Chebec. 

Ridj;way.  Bull.  .50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1907,  pt.  4,  j).  .'jGl.  Bird- 
lore,  IIHJS,  vol.  10,  plate  in  no.  3,  fip.  1.  E^rcr,  Bendire,  1S95,  vol.  2, 
pi.  2,  fig.  31. 

Tijranniila  minima  Baird,  I'roc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  I'liila.,  is}.},  |». 
2S4.     "XKAH  Cafu.isle,  Pennsylvania." 

( )rchards,  shatle  tR-es,  and  borders  of  woods;   nests  in  trees. 

Mk. —  Connnon  summer  rt'sident.  (A|)ril  21)  April  27-Aug.  31 
(Sept.  .')).     Eggs,  Juiu-  11. 

N.  II. —  Common  simuner  resident  heiow  2000  ft.  A])ril  29- 
S<'pt.     P'ggs.  May-.Iune  10;   .Inly  10-Iate  .July  (2d  brood). 

^'T. —  Connnon  snnnner  n'sident  of  low  country.  April  29- 
Sept. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  summer  resident.  (Aj)ril  22)  A|)ril  2.S-Sept. 
21  (Oct.  2).     ?:ggs.  May  20-.July  1  (2  l)ro(Mls). 

B.  I. —  Connnon  snnnner  n'sident.  (April  22)  April  27-fall. 
Eggs,  May  24-.Iune  2. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.     April  2(>-Sept. 


132  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

ALAUDIDAE. 

249.  Otocoris  alpestris  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 
Homed  lark;   Shore  lark. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1907,  i)t.  4,  p.  303;  Chap- 
man, Birci-life,  1898,  pi.  34.  Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  259,  pi.  58, 
fig.  15. 

Alauda  alpestris  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  \k  166. 
"in  America  septentrionali." 

Seashores  and  open  fields ;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  chiefly 
coastwise.  (Sept.  25,  Milo,  Me.)  Oct.  18-April  (May  1-7,  Monson, 
Me.). 

Vt. —  Common  migrant.     Feb.-Mar.;    (Sept.  15)-Nov. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  winter  resident,  mainly 
coastwise.     (Sept.  27)  Oct.  17-April  19  (May  27). 

R.  I.^-  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident.  (Sept.  25)- 
April  15. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident,  mainly  coast- 
wise.    Nov.  18-Mar.  26. 

250.  Otocoris  alpestris  praticola  Henshaw. 
Prairie  homed  lark. 

Hensh.,  Auk,  1884,  vol.  1,  p.  264.  "Richland  Co.,  III.," 
but  type  locality  "Denver,  Colorado"  (see  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat. 
mus.,  1907,  pt.  4,  p.  311,  foot  note).  Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2, 
pi.  5,  fig.  25. 

Eremophila  cornuta  (Wils.).  Baird,  Brewer,  and  Ridgway,  Hist. 
No.  Amer.  birds,  1874,  vol.  2,  pi.  32,  fig.  2  (head  of  young). 

Open  fields;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident ;  casual  in 
winter.  Feb.  lO-lNIar.  30;  summer-Nov.  26  (Jan.  24,  1899, 
Pittsfield).     Eggs,  :May  12-31. 


AVES.  133 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

ALAUDIUAK. 

N.  H. —  L'lu-oininoii  tni^rant,  and  in  White  Mt.  valleys  (?  and 
summit  of  Mt.  Washington,  1905)  a  rare  summer  resident.  Feb. 
28-Aug.     Kgg.s  aiiil  yoiMi^.  May  iM,  .luiie  '22. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  mi<;rant  and  rare  sununer  resident  (at  Burling- 
t(»n,  ('ornwall,  Mt.  Mansfield.  Kygate,  St.  Albans,  Stowe).  Feb.- 
fall.     Kgps,  Mar.-.\})ril  19. 

M.\s.s. —  Ran'  migrant  and  sinnnier  resident,  occasional  winter 
n-sident  (Ix)ngmcailo\v).  Feb.  H>-Mar.  22;  suininer;  Oct.  2G- 
!>(•(•.  1.5  (winter).     Eggs,  .July  10. 

K.  I. —  Rare  migrant:   Pawtuxet,  Nov.  2.5,  1S89. 

CoN.v. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  (Danbury, 
190S.  Litchfield.  1905.  Washington,  1900);  "occasional  in  winter." 
Hggs.  Mar.  25. 

251.  Otocoris  at.pestius  iiovti  Bishop. 
Hoyt's  homed  lark. 

Bishoj).  Auk,  1890,  vol.  1.5,  |».  l.iO.     "C.WDO,  To w.ver  County, 

XORTII  L).\KOT.\." 

0|K*n  country  and  coasts;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant  and  (?)  winter  Resident:  Guilfor<l,  Mar. 
7,  mrS;  West  Haven.  Jan.  24,  1905  (Bishop). 

CORVIDAE. 

252.  Cyanocitt.\  cristat.\  (Linn^')  Strickland. 
Blue  jay;    Corn-bird. 

Corvus  cristatm  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17.5S,  vol.  1,  p.  100. 
"in  Americw  .SEI»TENTRI0N.\I-!." 

(InrnihtJi  criMatiis  Linn^*.  Audubon,  Binls  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  4,  p.  110.  1)1.  231.     Kgg.  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  .5,  figs.  .5,  0. 

Woodlands;    nest,s  in  tn-es. 

Me. —  Common   migrant  and   resident.      Kggs,   May-.liuie  4. 


134  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

CORVIDAE. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  less  common 
in  winter  south  of  the  White  ISIts. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  resident.     Eggs,  May  11. 
Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  resident.    Eggs,  April  2S-June  15. 
R.  I. —  Common  resident.     Eggs,  May  2-22. 
Conn. —  Common  resident.     Eggs,  INIay  5-June  13. 

253.  Perisoreus  canadensis  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 

Canada  jay;  Camp  robber;  Caribou-bird;  Gray  jay;  Grease- 
bird;  Meat-bird;  Meat  hawk;  Moose -bird;  Venison  hawk; 
Whiskey- Jack;    Whiskey- John;    Wiss-ka-chon  (Indian). 

Corws  canadensis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  158, 
"Can.vda." 

Garrulus  canadensis  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  4,  p.  121,  pi.  234.     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  3,  figs.  18,  19. 

Fir  and  spruce  forests;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  resident  in  northern  part,  south  to  Umbagog; 
elsewhere  casual.     Eggs,  ]Mar.  16-28. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  resident  above  3000  ft.  on  Sandwich  Range 
north;  elsewhere  casual. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  resident  in  northern  part  and  on  high  peaks 
(Mt.  Mansfield);    elsewhere  casual  (Somerset,  Aug.  5,  1896). 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:  Lexington  {nee  Arlington  Heights), 
Oct.  16,  1889;  Xewtonville,  early  summer,  1875;  Salem,  Oct.  25, 
1878. 

254.  CoRvus  CORAX  PRINCIPALIS  Ridgway. 

Northern  raven. 

Ridgw.,  Manual  Xo.  Amer.  birds,  1887,  p.  361.  "Northern 
North  America,  from  Greenland  to  Alaska,  south  to  British 
Columbia,  Canada,  New  Brunswick." 


AVKS.  135 

PAS8ERES.  OSC'INES. 

CORVIDAE. 

Carvtis  corax  Linii^'.  Audiihuii.  liinls  of  Aiiicr.,  1S43.  vol.  4, 
p.  7S,  pi.  224.     Egg,  Hfn<lir(\  1S05.  vol.  2.  pi.  4.  fig.  :j. 

Vicinitv  of  scacoasts  ami  largt-  rixirs;  nests  on  cliffs  or  rarely  in 
trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  resident,  mainly  coastwise.     Eggs,  April  14. 

X.  H. —  Accidental  visitor  (in  winter?). 

Vt. —  Verv  rare  visitor  in  northern  i)art:   Brandon,  1879. 

M.K.ss. —  Accidental  visitor,  no  recent  records  (Williamstown, 
before  1877). 

Co.NX. —  Accidental  visitor:    Sontli  Manchester.  Sept.  18.  1S90. 

25.5.     CoRVUS  BRACHVRYNCHOS  C.  L.  Brelim. 
American  crow. 

C.  L.  Hrelim.  Beitr.  z.  vogelkunde,  1822.  vol.  2,  j).  oG.  Amer- 
ic.v. 

CorvuJi  am4'r{catiii.t  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer..  1842,  vol.  4.  p. 
87,  pi.  225.  Egg.  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  4,  fig.  8-12;  pi.  5,  figs. 
21.  22. 

Ubiquitous,  though  avoiding  dense  forests  in  the  breeding  sea.son; 
nests  in  coniferous  trees. 

Me. —  Common  resident,  in  winter  chiefly  confined  to  coast. 
Eggs,  April  2()-May  25  (June  15). 

N.  H. — Conuuon  migrant  and  summer  resident;  in  winter  less 
conimon  near  coast  and  large  rivers,  rare  elsewhere.  Eggs,  April 
17. 

Vt. —  Common  n-sident.     Eggs,  April  22. 

M.\.s.s. —  Common  migrant  and  suunner  resident;  common 
winter  resident  near  coast,  but  less  so  inland.     Eggs,  .\pril  15-June 

13. 

K.  I. —  Common  migrant,  sununer  and  winter  resident.     Eggs, 

April  12-23. 

CoXN. —  Common  migrant,  summer  and  winter  resident.  Eggs, 
April  12-May  9. 


136  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES 

CORVIDAE. 

256.  CoRVUS  ossiFRAGus  Wilson. 
Fish  crow. 

Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1812,  vol.  5,  p.  27,  pi.  37,  fig.  2.  "New 
Jersey.  ..  .XEAR. ..  .Phil,\delphia."  Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol. 
2,  pi.  4,  figs.  16,  17. 

Seaboard  and  near  large  streams;  nests  in  trees. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Rare  visitor  in  southern  part  (Cambridge,  Springfield, 
Wareham).     Mar.  16- July  16. 

Conn. —  Rare  summer  resident  (Bridgei)ort,  Fairfield,  near 
New  London,  New  Haven,  Stratford).  Mar.-Nov.  10.  Eggs. 
May  12-16. 

STURNIDAE. 

257.  Sturnus  vulgaris  Linne. 
Starling. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10, 1758,  vol.  1,  p.  167.  "Europa,  Africa." 
Coues,  Key  to  No.  Amer.  birds,  ed.  5,  1903,  vol.  1,  p.  503,  frontis- 
piece.    Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  230,  pi.  54,  fig.  13. 

Open  country  and  fields;  nests  in  holes  of  buildings,  trees,  or 
cliffs. 

Me.— Accidental  visitor:   Calais,  May  4,  1889. 

Mash. —  Introduced  at  Springfield  in  1897  but  all  disappeared; 
also  straggler:   Agawam,  A])ril,  1908;    Pittsfield,  Oct.  1,  1899. 

Conn. —  Local  resident;  apparently  spreading  from  New  York 
colony  (New  Haven,  Dec.  3,  1900;  Stamford,  1900;  Norwalk, 
1900;  Weathersfield  and  Stonington,  1906;  Bethel,  1907;  New 
London,  1907).     Eggs,  April. 


AVE.S.  137 

PASSIORES.  CSC'INES. 

ICTERIDAE. 

2oS.     DoLicnoNYX  oRYZivoRis  d.inn^')  Swainson. 

Bobolink;    Butter-bird;    May -bird;    Meadow- wink;    Reed-bird; 
Rice-bird;    Skunk  blackbird. 

Cliapinau.   llaiulh.  l)ir(l.s  ra.st.   No.  AiiuT.,   IM)'),  p.  201;    Auk, 
ISO.'i.  vol.  10,  1)1.  7.     E<;f;.  Hnidin'.  lS\)o,  vol.  2.  pi.  0,  fi«;s.  1.  2. 
Frill ff ilia  ori/ziroru  Linii^,  Sy.st.  nut.,  e<l.  10,  IToS,  vol.  1,  ]i.  17'.>. 

"in   ClHA,.  .  .  .KEMINAE  SOL.\K  DE.SCE.NDINT  I\   ( '  AHOI.IXAM." 

(ira.s.sy  incadow.s;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Conunon  migrant  and  local  .suinincr  rcsith  lit.  May  1- 
Sopt.  IT).     Egg.s,  Juni'  f)-15. 

N.  II. —  Common  migrant  and  .summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions.    May  1-Sej)t.  23. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     Hggs,  June   1. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  {A|)ril  27) 
May  1-S<'|)t.  29.     F:ggs,  June  1-S. 

U.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  lO-Scpt, 
25.     Kggs,  May  30-Jinie  8. 

Conn. —  Connnon  migrant  and  suiiiiiur  resident.  May  7-Sept. 
o.     Kggs,  June  o. 

2oi).     Moi.oTniu".s  ATER  (Boildaert)  Gray. 

Cowbird;     Clodhopper;    Cow  blackbird;     Cow  bunting;     Lazy- 
bird  ;    Shiney-eye . 

Qriolus  ater  Bo<ld..  'I'ahl.  d.  planch,  enlum.  d'hist.  nal.,  1783, 
p. -37.     Deseri|Jtion  in  liulFon:   "AMfeRiQUE." 

Molothru.s  pecoris  Gmel.  Auduhon,  Hinis  of  Amer..  1.S42, 
vol.  1.  ]..  IC.  ].!.  212.     Egg.  Hendire.  1S9.5,  vol.  2,  pi.  0,  figs.  3-4. 

( )p»'n  country;  lays  eggs  in  nests  of  other  small  birds. 

Me. —  Conimon  migrant  and  summer  resident.  Mar.  19-Oet. 
13  (Dee.  27).     Eggs,  May  2a-June  2. 

X.  H. —  Tneommon  summer  resident  in  southern  part;  rare 
winter  nsident.     Mar.  2.")  Oct.  2  (winter).     Eggs,  .lune  1. 


138  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

ICTERIDAE. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident ;  verv  rare  in  winter.  ^Nlarch 
23-CDee.  30). 

]\L\ss. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident ; 
occasional  in  winter.  (Mar.  1)  Mar.  11-Xov.  21;  winter.  Eggs, 
INIay  15- June  15  (July  1). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  rare  in  winter. 
Mar.  14-Xov.  3  (Jan.  19).     Eggs,  :May  16-June  2. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  rare  winter 
resident.     Mar.-Xov.  4;  winter.     Eggs,  May  9-June  14. 

260.  Xaxthocephalus  xaxthocephalus    (Bonaparte)   Jordan. 
Yellow-headed  blackbird. 

Icterus  xanthocephalus  Bonap.,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila., 
1826,  vol.  5,  p.  223.  Founded  on  Say:  "Exgixeer  Caxtox- 
MEXT,"  Iowa. 

Icterus  icterocephalus  (Linne).  Bonap.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1825, 
vol.  1,  p.  27,  pi.  3,  figs.  1,  2.  Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  6, 
fig.  10-12. 

Open  prairies,  marshes,  and  sloughs;   nests  among  reeds. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  Spruce  Head,  Metnic  Id.,  Aug.  17, 
1SS2. 

^NIass. —  Accidental  visitor:  Eastham,  two,  Sept.  10,  1877; 
Monomoy  Id.,  Sept.  8,  1897;  Waterto^\ii,  Oct.  15,  1869. 

Coxx. —  Accidental  visitor:  Hartford,  late  July,  1884;  X'ew 
Haven,  June,  1878;  Stamford,  July,  1888. 

261.  Agel.\ius  phoexiceus  (Linne)  Yieillot. 

Red-winged  blackbird;    Fire-wing;    Marsh  blackbird;    Quonk- 
a-ree;    Redwing;   Swamp  blackbird. 

Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4,  p.  31,  p\.  216.  Egg, 
Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  6,  fig.  13-15. 

Oriolus  phoeniceus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  161. 
"ix  America  septextrioxali." 


\vi:s.  1:^9 

PASSFRES.  OSCINKS. 

ICTKRIDAE. 

r)|KMi  countrv.  s\v;iin|)s.  and  iiiarslics;  iit-sfs  in  iiiarsli  i;rass  or 
ill  huslu's  near  water. 

Me. —  Coinnioii  mijiraiit  and  local  sinnnirr  n-sidcnt.  Mar.  I'i- 
Oct.  13  (Nov.  9).     K^'fis.  Jinu-  l-.Iuly  1. 

X.  H. —  Coniinoii  iniijraiit  and  local  siiiiiiiicr  n  .^idcnl  in  valleys; 
accidental  in  winter  (Warren).     Mar.  ;i-Xov.  11    (winter). 

Vt. —  Common    mifrrant   and   .snminer   resident.     Mar.   2-()ct. 

M.\.s.s. —  Common  migrant  and  .sunnner  resident,  wintering  rarely 
in  south  and  east.  (Feh.  20)  Mar.  (i-Oet.  2()  (Nov.  2S)  (winter). 
£g^,  May  10- June  IS. 

K.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  casual  in  winter. 
Mar.  7-Oct.  10  (Dec.  15,  Fel).  10-13).     Eggs,  May  12-June  10. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  siunmer  resident;  rare  winter 
resident.     Mar.  4-( Jet.  (winter).     Kggs.  May  30-Juiu'  0. 

202.  Agel.\ius  piioE\icEr.s  fortis  Ridgway. 

Thick-billed  redwing;    Northern  redwing. 

Kitlgway,  I'roc.  Washington  acad.  sci.,  I'.tOl,  vol.  3.  |».  l.")3. 
"Omaha,  Xehua.ska." 

Marshes  and  open  countrv;   nests  among  reeds  or  hushes. 

CoN.v. —  Rare  fall  migrant  and  winter  resident:  Xorili  Ihivcn, 
Xov.  II.  1003.  Dec.  2.').  1001.  Jan.  10.  1002  (Hishop). 

203.  Stirnei-I-a  magna  (Linn^)  Swainson. 
Meadowlark;    Marsh  quail;    Old -held  lark. 

Chapman,  llandh.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  ISOo,  j).  20.'j;  Hinl- 
life.  ISOS,  |)l.  30.     Kgg.  Bt-ndire,  ISO.'),  vol.  2.  pi.  0,  figs.  20.  21. 

Alaiula  macjna  \a\\\\(',  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  IT.jN,  vol.  1,  |).  107. 
"ix  America,  Africa." 

OjH'n  fields  and  marshes;  nests  on  the  grountl. 

Me. —  Rare    migrant    anil    local    summer   nsident    in    southern 


140  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

ICTERIDAE. 

counties  (Rangeley,  April  21,  1897);  rare  in  winter  (Calais,  Jan., 
1899;  Cape  Elizabeth;  Westbrook,  Jan.  16,  18,  1904).  :\Iar.  15- 
Nov.  19  (winter).     Eggs,  June- (July  22). 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  north  to  White  Mt.  valleys; 
rare  winter  resident  on  coast.     Mar.  26-Oct.  12  (winter). 

Vt. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident ;  rare  winter  resident 
(L.  Champlain,  jNIiddlebury,  Pawlet,  St.  Albans,  West  Rutland). 
April  2-Xov.  15  (winter). 

]\Iass. —  Common  summer  resident,  and  near  the  coast  an  un- 
common winter  resident.  Mar.  2-Xov.;  winter.  Eggs,  May  11- 
June  28. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident,  and  in  coastal  marshes  a 
common  Avinter  resident.     Eggs,  May  6-30. 

CoNX. —  Common  summer  resident  and  less  common  winter 
resident  coastwise.     Eggs,  June  6. 

264.     Icterus  spurius  (Linne)  Bonaparte. 
Orchard  oriole. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  266;  Bird- 
life,  1898,  pi.  86.     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  7,  fig.  3-5. 

Oriolus  spurius  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  162. 
"in  America  septextrioxali." 

Shade  trees  and  orchards;  nests  pensile  in  trees. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  near  Auburn;  near  Calais;  Thomas- 
ton. 

N.  H. —  Accidental  visitor:   Rollinsford. 

Yt. —  Very  rare  summer  resident :  Bennington ;  Brattleboro 
(with  young);  Middlebury,  June  1,  1883. 

INIass. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  near  coast  (to  Ipswich) 
and  in  western  valleys.  (jNIay  1)  May  8- Aug.  15.  Eggs,  May  28- 
June  25. 

R.  I. —  Rare  summer  resident.  INIay  14-July.  Eggs,  ^lay  30- 
June  3. 


WKS.  141 

PASSKRKS.  OSCIXKS. 

IfTKHlDAK. 

Conn. —  Coinmoii  sninmrr  resident.  M,i\  I  Aiijx-  E^jjs,  .IuIle 
ll-14  (Aiij;.). 

20').     Ictp:hi"s  GAi.iui.A  (Liiiii(^)  Cotics. 

Baltimore    oriole;     Fire-bird;     Golden   oriole;     Golden    robin; 
Hang-bird;    Hang-nest;    Pea-bird. 

Coracias  galhii/a  Liim^-.  Sy.st.  iiat.,  e<l.  10,  1 7.")N,  vol.  1.  \>.  \i)^. 
"in  America." 

Icterujt  hnltimore  (Linn6).  Aiululxjii.  BinLs  of  Aiiier.,  1.S4J,  vol. 
4,  ]).  37,  J)!.  217.     EfTj;.  Benclirt',  LSI).),  vol.  2,  pi.  7.  fip.  0-9. 

( )rcliartl.s  ami  .shade  trees;  nest  jxMi.sile  in  tn-e.s. 

Me. —  Common  suinmer  ri'.sideiit  inaiiily  in  soiitlieni  ((jiiiitie.s. 
May  9-Aug.  30  (Sept.  10). 

X.  II. —  Common  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations.  May  0- 
Sept.  0  (Sept.  20). 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident;  accidental  in  winter.  May 
lO-Sept.  (Dec.  4.  1884). 

Ma.ss. —  Common  suinmer  resident ;  accidental  in  winter.  (.Vpril 
29)  May  1-Sei)t.  9  (Nov.  IT),  188.-).  K.  'IVmpleton;  Nov.  18.  ISSS. 
Hyde  Park).     E^gs,  May  24-.Tuly  4. 

II.  I. —  Common  sumincr  resident.  May  4-.'^c|>l.  1.  l^'^'^s, 
May  24-28. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  l-carly  .Sept.  (Nov. 
15,  1885,  Portland).     E«rt:s.  .hme  0. 

200.     IcTEia.s  Hii.i.ocKi  (Swainsonj  liona|)artc. 
Bullock's  oriole  or  troupial. 

Auduhon.  Birds  of  Amer..  1S42,  vol.  I.  p.  4:i.  pi.  21 S.  E>:<;. 
Bemiire.  1S«»5,  vol.  2.  pi.  7,  fij;.  10-13. 

XniitlinnniM  hulhtchii  Swains..  Phil.  maj;..  1S27.  new  .ser.,  vol.  1, 
p.  430.     "Tahi.e  land.... in  Mexico." 

( )jK'n  country  along  stn-ams;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:   .S»rrento,  ahout  mid«llc  fif  .Nov..  jsv.i. 


142  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

ICTERIDAE. 

267.     EuPHAGUS  CAROLiNUS  (Mtiller)  Richmond. 
Rusty  blackbird;    Rusty  grackle. 

Tnrdiis  carolinus  ^Miill.,  Linne's  Vollstand.  natursyst.,  suppl., 
1776,  p.  140.     "Carolina." 

Quisralns  ferriigineus  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  4,  p.  65,  pi.  222.     Egg,  Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  7,  fig.  14-16. 

Swamps,  marshes,  and  wet  woods;  nests  in  bushes  and  low  trees. 

jNIe. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northern  part  a  rare  summer 
resident;  accidental  winter  resident  (Calais,  1899).  Mar.  17- 
May;   summer-Oct.  29  (winter). 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northeast  part,  a  rare  summer 
resident  (Megalloway  R.).  Mar.  8-May;  summer;  Sept.  9- 
Oct.  16. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant,  accidental  in  winter  (Brookline,  Feb. 
8,  1879;  Concord,  Jan.  22,  1905;  Fresh  Pond,  Feb.  20,  1887; 
Jamaica  Plain,  Avinter  1907-8).  Mar.  7-May  18  (May  30);  Sept. 
12-Nov.  27  (winter). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.     INIar.  13-(?  June  5);  Sept.-Oct.  23. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant,  and  rare  winter  resident.  Mar.- 
April  19;  Sept.  11-Nov.  (Jan.  16,  29,  Feb.  6,  :\Iilford;  Dec.  25, 
1908,  New  Haven). 

268.     QuiscALUS  QUiscuLA  (Linne)  Jordan. 
Purple  grackle;   Crow  blackbird. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  269.  Egg, 
Bendire,  1895,  vol.  2,  pi.  7,  fig.  21-23. 

Gracula  quiscula  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  109. 
"in  America  septextrionali." 

Quiscalus  versicolor  Vieill.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842, 
vol.  4,  p.  58,  pi.  221. 


AYES.  143 

p.\s.si:uES.  use  INKS. 

KTKKinAE. 

0|i(n  cotmfrv,  proves,  fit'lds;  iii'sts  in  l)niii(ln-s  of  coiiifrrous 
tn'cs,  rarely  in  cavitirs  or  l)ii>li<'.s. 

N.  11.       Accidental  visitor:    'rilloii.  Sept.  i;{,  1<K)2. 

Vt. —  ?  Suniiiier  resident  (Perkins). 

Mass. —  ( )ccasi«tnal  typieal  l)irds  breed  in  southernmost  part  and 
coastwise  to  ('anil)ridf;e. 

R.  I. —  (^oninion  summer  n>sident  in  s»)utljern  |>art,  when-  most 
l)irds  are  typieal;  easual  in  winter.  Mar.  0-Sept.  21  (Nov.,  Dec. 
31).     Kpgs,  A|)ril  2')-.Iune  ti. 

Cow. —  C'onunon  summer  and  accidental  winter  R'sident.  (Feb. 
13)  Mar.  1-X«)V.  (winter,  Kast  Haven). 

2(j'.>.     Quisc.\LUS  QUiscii-A  AENEUS  (Ridjjway)  Stejnefjer. 
Bronzed  grackle;    Crow  blackbird. 
Qiii.'<ralus  aetirn.s  Uidi^w.,  I'roe.  aead.  nat.  sci.  Phila..   IStiO.  j). 

134.       "Ml.SSI.SSIPPl   KEGION  OF  r.  S..   EAST  TO  AlLEGHANY  Mts." 

etc.     K^'t;,  Bendire,  ISOo,  vol.  2,  |)1.  7,  Hgs.  2(),  27. 

( )|H'n  country,  frequentinj;  clinnps  of  coniferous  trees  in  breedini.; 
sea.son;  nests  in  branches  of  frees,  or  less  often  in  cavities  or  bushes. 

Me. —  Common  ini>,'rant  ami  local  summer  n'siilent.  Mar.  1!)- 
Oct.  2().     EfTjrs,  May  27  .Tune  21. 

N.  II. —  Uncommon  local  simuner  ri'sident;  casual  in  winter. 
Mar.  12-Xov.  (Dec.  24.  1907,  Lancaster;   Jan.). 

Vt. —  Uncommon  local  smnmer  resident,     .\pril  ll-()ct. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  mijjrant  and  local  summer  n-sident;  rare  in 
winter  near  coast  (also Springfield).  (Feb.  23,  1909,  Boston)  Mar. 
lO-Nov.  22  (jvvinter).     Fpjis,  May  2-.Iune  1. 

K.  I. —  Connnon  migrant  and  in  the  northern  |)art  a  less  connnon 
summer  resident,  interjjradiuf;  with  C^.  (iiiisnila.  Mar.  .'>  .\ov.  1. 
Eggs,  May  1-17. 

Co.N.N. —  Common  migrant.      .Mar.  .">  .Vpril;   ()ci.   Nov. 


144  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  08CINES 

FRINGILLIDAE. 

270.  Hesperiphoxa  vespertina  (W.  Cooper)  Bonaparte. 
Evening  grosbeak;   Sugar-bird. 

Frincjilla  vespertina  Coop.,  Ann.  lye.  nat.  hist.  New  York,  lS2.j, 
vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  220.     "Sault  Ste.  Marie,  near  Lake  Superior." 

Coccothraustes  vespertinus  (Coop.).  Chapman,  Handh.  birds 
east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  279;  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  3,  p.  217,  pi.  207. 

Wooded  districts;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:  several  records  in  winter  of  1889-90, 
Jan.  10-Mar.  18;  Woodfords,  Mar.  6,  1909. 

N.  H. —  Accidental  visitor:  several  records  in  winter  of  1889-90, 
Jan.  6-May  1. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:  Burlington,  about  Feb.  20,  1890;  Rut- 
land, Feb.  1909. 

INIass. —  Accidental  visitor,  first  recorded  in  the  1890  flight  (Jan. 
1-April);  also  Wellfleet.  one,  Dec.  5,  1903;  Beverly,  flock  of  five, 
Mar.  23,  1904;  So.  Sudbury,  Feb.  14,  1909;  Townsend,  Feb.  7, 
1909;  Williamstown,  Jan.  26,  1909. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor,  first  recorded  in  1890  flight  (East 
Hampton,  Mar.  2;  Gaylordsville,  Mar.  10;  Portland,  Feb.,  Mar.); 
also  Litchfield,  ?  Feb.  1,  1905,  and  Feb.  11,  1905;  Bristol,  Feb.  27, 
1907. 

271.  PiNicoLA  enucleator  leucura  (Miiller)  Richmond. 
Pine  grosbeak;  Canadian  pine  grosbeak;   Mope. 

Loxia  leucura  Miiller,  Linne's  Vollstand.  natursyst.,  suppl.,  1776, 
p.  150.     "Canada." 

Pinicola  enucleator  canadensis  (Cab.).  Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U. 
S.  nat.  mus.,  1901,  pt.  1,  p.  60. 

Pijrrhula  enucleator  Teinm.  Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1S3S, 
vol.  4,  p.  414,  pi.  358.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  7,  fig.  13. 


AVK.S.  1 45 

PASSKUES.  (>S(  INFS. 

l-Ul.\(ilLLII)Ai:. 

S|)ruce  and  fir  fort'sts;  nests  in  tnn's. 

Mk. —  Fall  an«l  winti-r  visitor  of  varviii^  al)iitiilan(-<>,  aiitl  in 
nortlu-rn  fon*sts  a  rare  rt'sicKiit.  (  >(  t.  2.>  A|)ril  18;  suinnitr.  Kj^j^s, 
May  14-27. 

X.  II.  l";ill  ami  winter  visitor  of  varying  ahundaiut',  and  nn- 
conimon  suninu-r  n-sidcnt  above  .'{(MM)  ft.  in  White  Mts.,  north. 
(.>ct.  IS-April  20;  siininu'r. 

Vt. —  Winter  visitor  of  varying;  al)nndance.     Nov.   I.">-Mar.  24. 

M.\.s.s.— Irn'jriilar  wintiT  visitor  of  varyintr  ahundane*'.  ()<'t. 
24-A|)ril  4  (Aj.ril  24). 

U.  I. —  Irn-tjular  winter  visitor,  .sometimes  common. 

CoN.v. —  Irn'jU^ular  winter  visitor,  sometimes  common.  Nov.  24r- 
Mar.  M. 


272.     (\\RPOD.\cus  PURPLKKL.s  (Gmelin)  CJray. 
Purple  finch;    Red  linnet. 
Frinyilla  purpurea  (imelin.  Syst.  iiat..  17SS.  vol.  I,  |»t.  2.  |».  !I2.'{. 

"C.\ROU.NA." 

Krijihrospiza    purpurea    (Gmel.).     Audubon,    Birds    of    .\n»er., 
1841.  vol.  ;i.  j).  170.  |)1.  l!»ti      Egg,  CajK-n,  1880.  j>l.  7.  Hgs.  14.  1."). 
Orchards,  shade  trees,  and  forests;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Coimnon  migrant  and  summer  resident;  rar<'  winter 
resident  (Rangeley  Lakes.  .Ian.  1.").  18S4).  Mar.  21-Oct.  (winter). 
KgK-s,  -lune  4. 

.\.  II. —  Common  sununer  rt'sident  below  ."{(MM)  ft.;  rare  in 
winter.     .April  l.'>-r)ee.  22;  winter. 

\'t. —  Common  sununer  n-sident. 

M.\.s.s. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer,  and  occasional 
winter  ri'sident.  Mar.  ^  Oct.  21;  winter.  Kggs.  May  2.'>-.Iune 
10   CSept.  10). 

K.  1. —  Common  sununer  and  uncommon  winter  resident.  .Vpril 
7-()ct.;   winter.     Kggs.  May  19-.Iime  8. 


146  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

FRINGILLIDAE. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  and  uncommon  winter  resident. 
Eggs,  June;  July  22  (2d  brood). 

273.  LoxiA  CURVIROSTKA  MINOR  (Brelim)  Ridgway. 

American  crossbill;   Red  crossbill;  Screwbill, 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1901,  i)t.  1,  p.  47. 
Crucirostra  minor  Brehm,   Naumannia,    1853,   p.    193.     "der 

NORDAMERIKANISCHEN  FrEISTAATEN." 

Loxia  curviwsfrata  Linne.     Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1835,  vol. 
2,  p.  559,  pi.  197.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  8,  figs.  1,  2. 
Coniferous  forests;  nests  in  trees. 

]Me.,  N.  H. —  Resident,  nomadic  and  irregularly  abundant. 
Nests  from  Jan. -Oct. 

Vt. —  Irregular  at  all  seasons,  but  commonest  in  winter;  breeds 
occasionally.     Eggs,  Feb.,  Mar. 

JNIass. —  Irregularly  common  winter  visitor,  and  occasional  at 
all  seasons;  nests  rarely  (Framingham,  1884;  Highland  Light, 
April,  1889;  Tyngsborough,  Aug.,  1875). 

R.  I. —  Irregularly  common  winter  visitor,  and  occasional  at 
other  seasons;  not  known  to  breed. 

Conn. —  Irregular  winter  visitor,  sometimes  common.  Oct. 
7-spring. 

274.  LoxiA  leucoptera  Gmelin. 
White-winged  crossbill. 

Gmel,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  844.  "in  sinu  Hud- 
sonis  &  NovEBORACO."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3 
p.  190,  pi.  201. 

Coniferous  forests;  nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  resident  of  northern  part ;  elsewhere  an 
irregular  visitor.     Nest,  June. 


AVES.  147 

pa.s8i:ri:s.  oscines. 

fh1n<;illidae. 

N.  II.  -rncoiniium  n-sidt'iit  jil)()\r  3(XKJ  ft.'iii'WIiitr  Mt.s.  and 
north;   i-lst'whcn'  an  irn-jrular  visitor. 

Vt. —  Irn-pilarly  conunon  winter  visitor,  rare  in  suinnicr  in 
nortlu-rn  j)art  and  on  lii<;li<T  jn-aks.     Nested  at  Luncnburj;,  1S78. 

Mass. —  Irn-^nlar  fall  and  winter  visitor,  sonietiines  coniinon. 
Oct.  22-May  12  (May  25);  (June  4,  1<K)0.  Laneshoro;  June  13, 
1S()(),  Ncwtonville). 

R.  I. —  Hare  and  irre^rniar  winter  visitor.     Jan.  14-Feb.  24. 

Cow. —  Rare  and  irre<:nlar  winter  visitor.     Nov.  G-Mar.  7. 

27").     AcANTHis  HORXEMAX-Nii  EX  I  LI  PES  (Coucs)  Stejneger. 

Hoary  redpoll. 

Acfjiotlms  cxilipes  Cones,  Proe.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Pliila.,  1*^01,  p. 
385.     "FortSi.mp.sox." 

Frinr/illa  horeali.f  Tennn.  Audubon,  Ornitli.  lMo<:r.,  1S3'J,  vol. 
5,  p.  S7,  pi.  400. 

Aretic  thickets  in  summer,  ojH*n  tree  growth  in  winter  migrations; 
nests  in  low  trees. 

Me. —  RaR'  winter  visitor:  Westbrook,  Jan.  26,  1S96;  eastern 
Maine  (Boardman). 

X.  H. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  Hanij)ton. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  rej>orted. 

Ma.ss. —  Rare  winter  visitor  (some  ten  instances).  Nov.  1.5- 
Mar.  20. 

27G.     AcAXTHis  LiXAHiA  (Li'"i<^*)  Bonaparte  and  Schlegel. 
Redpoll;    Lesser  redpoll;    Mealy  redpoll. 

Hidgway.  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  UKJl.  pt.  1,  |).  85.  Egg, 
Seebohni,  ISlHj,  p.  240,  pi.  57,  figs.  0,  7. 

Fringilla  lltiaria  Linn^*,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  175S,  vol.  1,  p.  182. 
"in  Europa."  .\ndubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1838,  vol.  4,  p.  523, 
pi.  375. 


148  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

FRINGILLIDAE. 

Arctic  thickets  in  summer,  open  tree  growth  in  winter  migrations; 
nests  in  low  trees. 

Me. —  Winter  visitor  of  irregular  abundance,  and  rare  summer 
resident   (Calais).     Oct.   12-April  27   (May  19,  1875;    summer). 

N.  H. —  Winter  visitor  of  irregular  abundance.     Nov.  1-April. 

Vt. —  Winter  visitor  of  irregular  abundance;  (nest  and  three 
eggs  said  to  have  been  found  in  late  iVIarch,  1878,  at  Taftsville). 
Nov.  11-May  1  (May  11). 

Mass. —  Irregularly  common  fall  and  winter  visitor.     (Oct.  16) 

Oct.  25-April  25. 

R.  I. —  Irregularly  common  fall  and  winter  visitor.     Oct.-Mar. 

25. 

Conn. —  Irregularly  common  fall  and  winter  visitor.  Fall- 
Mar.  31. 

277.  AcANTHis  LiNARiA  HOLBOELLii  (C.  L.  Brelim)  Dubois. 
Holboell's  redpoll. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1901,  pt.  1,  pp.  80,  89. 
Linaria   holhoeUn  C.   L.   Brehm,   Handl:).   d.   naturgesch.   aller 
vogel  Deutschl.,  1831,  p.  280.     "  in  das  mittlere  Deutschlaxd." 
Acanthis  hoIboeUii  Bonaparte  and   Schlegel,   :Monogr.  Loxiens, 

1850,  p.  50,  pi.  53. 

Arctic  thickets  in  summer,  open  tree  growth  in  winter  migrations; 

nests  in  low  trees. 

Me.—  Rare  winter  visitor:  Gorham,  Feb.  3,  1903;  North  Bridg- 
ton,  Nov.  25,  1878. 

Mass. —  Rare  winter  visitor:  Lexington,  Mar.  10,  1890;  Swamp- 

scott,  two,  Mar.  26,  1883. 

278.  Acanthis  linaria  rostrata  (Coues)  Stejneger. 
Greater  redpoll. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1901,  pt.  1,  pp.  80,  91. 

4- 


AVES.  149 

PASSKRES.  OSCINES. 

I  IMNC.n.MDAi:. 

Ar(fl(ifliii.t  roslraius  ('oiu\s,  I'roc  ;i<:i<l.  iiat.  sci.  I'liihi.,  isdl.  |). 
37S.       ".IaCOHSII  W  \.    (lUKKNLANl)." 

I/mntn  linnirmaiiiii  Iloll).  l)rtsscr.  Binis  of  l'jir()|ic.  lSi71  SI. 
vol.  4.  |)1.  [UK)].  low<M-  fig. 

Arctic  thickets  in  siinmur,  open  tree  j^rowili  in  winter  inij^M-atioiis; 
nests  in  low  tix'cs. 

Mk. —  Winter  visitor  of  irre<,nilar  al>nn<liincc.      \hc.  \'2  Mar.  lo. 
X.  H.^ —  rnsatisfactorily  retort  led. 

Ma.s.s.- Winter  visitor  near  coast.  irre<;iilar  and  .sonu'times 
common.     Dec.  27-Fel).  2."). 

K.   1. —  Han'  winter  visitor:    ?^ast   Providence.   Mar.    14,   1S96. 
Coxx. —  Rare  winter  visitor:    New  Haven,  Dec.  17,  1  S78. 

27l».     AsrKA(;Ai.i\is  TuisTis  (Linne)  Cahanis. 

American  goldfinch;    Lettuce-bird;    Thistle-bird;    Wild  canary; 
Yellow-bird. 

/•■/•/// r/ ///a  fri.s-ils  Linn^\  Syst.  nat..  <<l.  10.  175S,  vol.  1,  \>.  IM. 
"IX  Amkkica  .septextrioxai.i." 

Spiiiii.s  tri.His  (Linne).  ("Iiapinan,  llaiidl).  Itinls  east.  No. 
Ainer.,   ISU.'),  p.  2Sr.;    Hird-lifc,   1>V.)S,  \>\.  r>2.      K^'<r,  Capen,   ISSC. 

i  )rcliards,  shade  trees,  and  edi^cs  (»f  woods  in  smniner,  weedy 
fields  and  open  coimtry  in  winter;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  (^ommon  mij^rant  and  smnmer  n-sident;  imcoinmon  in 
winter.     H^l^s.  'Iiil.v  29-Aug.  IS  (Sej)t.  5). 

.\.  1!.— Coninion  mi<;ranl  and  smnmer  resident;  iin<-onnnon 
in  winter  from  ^Vhite  Mts.  .south. 

\'t. —  Connnon  migrant  and  smnmer  n'sident,  less  connnon  in 
winter.     K;:j;s,  .Inly  2(). 

Ma.s.s. —  Connnon  migrant  and  smmner  resident,  less  common 
winter  resident.     Kjj^s.  .Inly  21   Anj;.  1 1. 

H.  I.  -Common  smnmer,  and  less  connnon  winter  resident. 
Kgj;s,  .Inly  I -Aii^.  7. 

Coxx. —  Common  resident.     H^^s.  -Inly  Anj;. 


150 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


PASSERES. 


OSCINES. 


FRINGILLIDAE. 


280.  Spinus  pinus  (Wilson)  Stejneger. 

Pine  siskin;    Gray  linnet;   Pine  finch;   Pine  linnet. 

Fringilla  pimis  Wils.,  Amor,  ornith.,  1810,  vol.  2,  p.  133,  pi.  17, 
fig.  1.     "neighbourhood  of  Philadelphia." 

Linaria  pinais  (Wils.).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3, 
p.  125,  pi.  180.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  8,  fig.  4. 

Coniferous  forests  in  summer,  open  country  and  coniferous  trees 
in  fall  and  winter;  nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Common  resident  of  northern  part;  elsewhere  of  irregular 
occurrence  mainly  in  fall  and  winter.     Eggs,  April. 

N.  H. —  Common  resident,  breeding  mainly  above  3000  ft.  in 
White  jNIts.     Eggs,  mid-A])ril. 

Vt. —  Common  winter  visitor,  less  common  in  summer,  breeding 
irregularly.     Nesting,  April-May  1.5. 

Mass. —  Irregularly  common  fall  and  winter  visitor,  sometimes 
lingering  till  late  spring  and  rarely  nesting.  Sept.  19-]SIay  30 
(June  8,  July  15,  summer).     Eggs,  INIay  9-29. 

R.  I. —  Irregularly  common  fall  and  winter  visitor.  Oct.-April 
17  (May  31). 

Conn. —  Irregularly  common  fall  and  winter  visitor.  Oct.- 
April  (May  20). 

281.  Spinus  SPINUS  (Linne)  Stejneger. 
European  siskin. 

FrincjiUa  spinus  Liime,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  181. 
"in  Europae  juniperetis." 

Chrjjsomitris  spinus  (Linne).  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871- 
81,  vol.  3,  p.  [541],  pi.  [169].  Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  242,  pi.  56, 
fig.  18. 

Coniferous  woods;  nests  in  trees. 

Mass. —  Cambridge,  Aug.  11,  13,  17,  1904,  an  apparently  wild 
bird  (Brewster). 


AVES.  151 

PASSKHES.  OSC*L\E«. 

FRTNrni.I.TDAK. 

2S2.     I*i.KfTR(H'HENAX  M\  Ai.is  (Liim^)  Sn'jiiciicr. 
Snowflake;   Snow  bunting;    White  snowbird. 
Kmberiza  nirali.s  Liiuie,  Svst.  nat.,  rd.   10,   1758,  vol     1,  |).   170. 

"iX     Al.PimS      LaITONIAE.     SiMTZUEKGAK     ad     .SIMM      IIlD.SONI.S 
AMIUQIF.." 

I'lcrtruphancft  uiralis  (Limit'-).     Audiilxdi,  IJinl.s  of  Aiiicr.,  isil, 
vol.  3.  p.  ").").  |)1.  loo.     Ejijr,  Sccljolnii,  I'ssM'i,  j).  247.  pi.  o7.  figs.  9,  10. 
( )|HMi  fiflds,  coa-st-s,  and  barrtMi.s;  nests  on  the  ground. 

.Mk.  —  Coniinon  migrant  and  winter  resident  (?  accidental  in 
.sunnncr,  flock.  Mt.  Kiaailn.  early  Aug.  IMV.I,  /r"(/r  Minot).  (Oct. 
10)  Oct.  l.VApril  1.3. 

N.  II. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident;  accidental  in 
summer  (Webster,  June,  a  cripple).     Oct.  IS-April  (1. 

\t. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident.     Nov.  17-spring. 

Mas.s. —  Common  winter  resilient,  especially  coastwise.  Oct. 
12-April  .3  (May). 

U.  I. —  Common  winter  resident.     Oct.  2*J-Mar.  20. 

Cow. —  Irrt'giilarly   common    winter   resident.     Nov.    14-.Mar. 

2&3.     Cai.carius  lappomccs  (Linn^)  Stejneger. 

Lapland  longspur. 

Hidgway,  Hull.  .5(),  U.  S.  nat.  mu.>.,  1!>01,  pt.  1,  |).  1.5.). 

Friiir^illa  l(ip/)otiira  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10.  17oS,  vol.  1,  p.  ISO, 

"l\   I^APPOMA." 

Plecirnphaurs  /npponicii.f  (Linm').  Dre.sser,  Hirds  of  Europe, 
1871-81.  vol.  4.  j.l.  [22.3].  Kgg.  Seebohm.  1800,  ]..  248.  pl.  57, 
figs.  11.  12. 

0|M'n  barrens  and  plains;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mk.   -  Kare  migrant.      .Mar.   10-10;    Oct.  2(i-l)cc.  20. 
X.   n.    -  Han-  migrant   in  late  fall:    Hampton  Beach,  Nov.  SO, 
1899. 


152  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES 

FRINGILLIDAE. 

Vt. —  Rare  or  accidental  migrant:  Brandon,  Feb.  21,  1879; 
?  Townshend. 

]\Iass. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant  and  winter 
resident  mainly  coastwise.  Feb.  22-May  1;  Oct.  9-Dec.  11; 
winter. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident.  (Jan.  6, 
Feb.  16). 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant;  may  winter.  (Jan.  26,  1883, 
Portland)  Feb.  11-Mar.  16;  Nov. 

284.  Calcarius  ornatus  (To-misend)  Stejneger. 

Chestnut-collared  longspur. 

Plcdrophanes  oniata  Towns.,  Journ.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila.,  1837, 
vol.  7,  pt.  2,  p.  ISO.  "prairies  of  the  Platte  river."  Audubon, 
Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3,  p.  53,  pi.  154. 

Open  plains;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor:    Scarborough,  Aug.  13,  1SS6. 
Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:   Magnolia,  July  28,  1876. 

285.  PooECETES  gramineus  (Gmelin)  Baird. 

Vesper  sparrow;   Bay-winged  bunting;   Grass  finch;   Gray-bird; 
Ground  sparrow;    White-tailed  field  sparrow. 

FringiUa  graminea  Gniel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2^  ]).  922. 
"in  Noveboraco." 

Emberiza  graminea  (Gmel.).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  3,  p.  65,  ])!.  159.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  8,  fig.  9-12. 

Grassy  fields  and  uplands;  nests  on  the  ground. 

INIe. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (]Mar.  30)  April 
9-Oct.  28.     Eggs,  late  May- June  24;   late  July-Aug.  (2d  brood). 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions.    :Mar.  29-Oct.  (Nov.  14). 


AVES.  153 

PASSi:UE.S.  OSCINES. 

FHIXCIM.IDAI-:. 

Vt. —  Coiiiiiioii  migrant  ami  siiiniiK-r  rrsideut.  Mar.  .'jl  fall. 
Hjrp>.  -huw  ('». 

Mass.  -  ( 'niiuiioii  iiiipraiit  and  summer  R'.sicK'iit.  (.Mar.  17) 
.Mar.  L'7  O.I.  LM  I.Xov.  10;  Dec.  L'.").  1S.K9,  Soiiicrx  illc).  K^r^rs, 
.Ma.v  10   .liiiH'  10. 

R.  1. —  Comiiioii  iiii«iraiit  and  .summer  rcsidt-nl.  Mar.  19- 
Oc-t.  17.     K^Lrs,  .Mav  .3-21. 

Conn. —  Common  mijjrant  and  sumnuT  iv.sident;  rare  winter 
resident.     Late  Mar. -Nov.  (winter).     Kj;gs,  May  22-July  5. 

280.     P.\ssERCULUS  PRiNCEPS  Mavnard. 

Ipswich  sparrow;    Gray -bird. 

Mayn.,  Amer.  nat.,  lcS72,  vol.  0,  p.  ('»;{7.     "Irswicii,"  Mass. 
Aiumodramus  princcps  (Mayn.).     Dwiglit,  Mem.  Xuttall  ornitli. 
clul),  1895,  no.  2,  p.  21,  ])late. 

Sand  dime.s  and  .sea  sIior's;  nests  on  the  ground  (Sahic  Id.,  .\.  S.). 

Me. —  Hart*  migrant  coastwi.se;  may  winter  ran-ly.  Mar.  20- 
.Vpril  N;  ( )<t.  11-Xov.  17  (.Ian.  23,  ISSii.  near  Pirn'  Point). 

.\.  H.— Hare  migrant  eoastwi.se.  Mar.-April;  late  Oet. -early 
Dec.     (nee  Lake  Umbagog.) 

^L\.ss. —  Common  nngrant  and  rare  winter  resident  among 
coastal  dunes;  ca.sual  inland  (Firsli  I'oiid.  Camhridge).  Oct.  12- 
April  12. 

K.  1. —  L  neonnnon  migrain  aiul  winter  nsident  among  coastal 
dunes.     Oet.  20-A|iril  11. 

CoxN. —  rneommon  migrant  and  winter  resident  coastwise, 
Oet.    Mar.  21. 

2"n7.     P.\.ssKia t  1-ls  s.vndu  k  iiknsis  s.kv.\\.\.\  (WiUon)   Ividirwav, 

Savanna  sparrow. 

HidgWay.  Hull.  .')(),  1".  .^.  nat.  mus..  1001,  pt.  1.  p.  192. 
Frinfjilla  mranna  Wils.,  Amer.  ornifli.,   ISll,  vol.  .{.   j).  ,")."),  |)1. 
22,   fig.  ;{.     "Wri.vMK    (•<).\.ST,  i  hom  ."^w  a\.\  ah  .  .  .  .to.  . .  ..\k\v 


154  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND 

PASSERES.  OSCIXES. 

FRINGILLIDAE. 

York."     Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1839,  vol.  5,  p.  516,  pi.  109. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  8,  fig.  5-8. 

Grassy  fields  and  marshes ;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident,  accidental  in  winter.  (Jan. 
24,  1897,  Seguin  Id.)  April  6-early  Nov.  (Nov.  28).  Eggs,  INIay 
31-June  18;  July  (2d  brood). 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations,  un- 
common on  barren  summits  of  White  Mts.  (Mar.  31)  April  15- 
Oct.  27.     Eggs,  June  16-late  July. 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident.     April  7-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  rare  Avinter 
resident  near  coast  (Ipswich,  Longmeadow,  Sandwich).  (^lar. 
22)  April  5-Nov.  12  (winter).     Eggs,  May  21-June  20. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  and  rare  win- 
ter resident.     April  4-Oct.  23   (winter).     Eggs,  INIay  17-29. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     April-Nov. 

288.     CoTURXicuLUS  SAVAXXARUAi  AUSTRALis  (Mayuard)  A.  O.  U. 
comm. 

Grasshopper  sparrow;   Yellow-winged  sparrow. 

Avimodromus  australis  Islayn.,  Amer.  exch.  and  mart,  1887, 
vol.  3,  p.  33.     "Bahamas  ....  Florida." 

Ammodramus  savannarum  passeriniis  (Wils.).  Chapman, 
Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  293. 

Emheriza  passerina  (Wils.).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  3,  pi.  162.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  8,  fig.  13-15. 

Grassy  fields  and  meadows;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  summer  visitor  ( ?  or  resident)  east  to  Calais.  ^lay 
24-June  29. 

N.  H. —  Rare  summer  resident  in  lowlands  south  of  Lake  Winue- 
pesaukee.     ^Nlay  13-? 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  resident  of  southern  and  western  valleys. 
Eggs,  July  17. 


AVES.  155 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

FRTXr.TT.IJDAE. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  Imal  sunnntT  rrsidcnt  n«iir  coast  ami  in 
western  valleys.  (April  25)  May  lO-Sept.  1  (Dec.  10.  1S<>2,  Arlin^r- 
ton). 

U.  I. —  Common  local  summer  resident.  .\|)ril  L'L'Oct.  2.'i. 
E^'jXs,  May  30-June  .3. 

Co.V-V. —  Common  smnmer  resident  in  .suutliern  part  and  < 'on- 
nccticut  valley.     Late  Ai)ril-? 

289.  Ammodka.mus  HEXSLOWii  (Audubon)  Gray. 
Henslow's  sparrow. 

Embcriza  hcnslomi  Aud.,  Ornith.  l)i<)f;r.,  ISil,  vol.  1,  j).  300, 
pi.  77.     "opposite  Cincixx.\ti,  i\  the  state  of  Kentucky." 

Ammodramiis  Iieuslowii  (Aud.).  Chapman,  Handl).  birds  east. 
No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  294.     Efjg,  Capen,  188(3,  pi.  9,  fi^s.  1,  2. 

Meadows  and  sedgy  weed-grown  bogs;  nests  on  the  ground. 

X.  II. —  Ran'  local  sununer  resident  north  to  White  Mt.  valU'Vs 
(Wonalancet).     April  17-Aug. 

Vt. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  in  southern  part  (Pownall). 

M.A.SS. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident.  May  G-Sept. 
(Nov.  6,  Osterville).     Eggs,  May  25. 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant  and  summer  resident:  Cranston,  late 
April,  1874;  Warwick,  Oct.  6,  1898;  Westerly.  June  0  and  8,  1900. 

Coxx. —  Rare  local  smnmer  resident  (Eastford.  Killingworth, 
Woodstock,  etc.).     May-fall.     Eggs,  -Aug.  (>. 

290.  .VMMonitAMUS  caudacutus  (Gmelin)  Swainson. 

Sharp-tailed  sparrow. 

Chapman.  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer..  18<(5,  j).  295;  Audu- 
,  bon,  Birds  of  Amer..  IMl,  vol.  .3.  p.  lOS.  pi.  174.  Egg.  CaiK-n, 
*  188C,,  pi.  9,  figs.  .3,  4. 

Oriolu.s  caudacutus  Cmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  17NS.  vol.  1.  |)t.  1,  p.  391. 
"in  Novebok.vcg." 


156  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

FRINGTLLID.\E. 

Salt  marshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  summer  resident  locally  in  Cumberland  Co.  June 
5-lateOct.  (?Nov.). 

X.  H. —  Rare  summer  resident  of  the  coastal  salt  marshes. 
Si)ring-Oct.  14. 

\t. —  Doubtfully  recorded  (Lunenburg). 

Mass. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  of  the  coastal  salt  marshes 
(Ipswich);  rare  winter  resident  (West  Barnstable).  May  19-Xov. 
8  (winter).     Eggs,  June  8- July  12. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident  of  the  coastal  salt  marshes. 
May  15-Oct.  2.     Eggs,  May  24-July  14. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  and  rare  winter  resident  of  the 
coastal  salt  marshes.  Aj)ril  14-Xov.  (winter).  Eggs,  ^lay  31- 
June  9. 

291.  Ammodramus  xelsoni  (Allen)  Norton. 
Nelson's  sparrow;   Nelson's  sharp-tailed  finch. 

Ammodromus  caudaciiius  var.  nehoni  Allen,  Proc.  Boston  soc. 
nat.  hist.,  1875,  vol.  17,  p.  293.  "Calumet  Marshes  near 
Chicago,  III." 

Ammodramus  caudaciiius  nelson i  Allen.  Dwight,  Auk,  1896, 
vol.  13,  p.  273-274,  pi.  4,  lower  fig. 

^larshes;  nests  on  the  ground. 

]Me. —  Uncommon  migrant.     May  22-June  5;    Oct.  9-25. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  fall  migrant;  rare  winter  resident  on  south 
coast.     Sept.  25-Oct.  15  (winter). 

CoxN. —  Rare  spring  and  unconunon  fall  migrant  on  coastal 
marshes.     INIay;   Oct. 

292.  Am:modramus  nelsoni  subvirgatus  (Dwight)  Norton. 
Acadian  sharp-tailed  sparrow. 

Ammodramus  caudacutus  subvirgatus  Dwight,  Auk,  1887,  vol.  4 


AYES.  lo? 

PASSERES.  OSC'INES. 

FHlN(.II.MnAi:. 

J).      '2:V.i.      "  HlI.I-SH(>HOl<;n.      Al.HKHT     Co.,      NkW      JJuiNSWICK." 

Dwi^'lit.  Auk.  1S90.  vol.  l.i.  jtl.  1,  ii|»imt  fij:. 

Hrackish  or  frvsliwater  iiiarslics;   ucsis  on  the  ijrouiKl. 

Mk. —  I'ncoinmon  inij;raiu  and  local  sninnuT  n-sidcnt  coastwisr 
fronj  Sajradahoc  Co..  north.  May  20-suinnH'r;  Sept.  lO-Oct.  2\ 
(Nov.  1.3). 

Mass. —  Unconnnon  nii<;rant  coa.stwi.sc  (oncv  at  Sprinpfirld). 
May  20-.Iunt'  11;  Sept.  3-Nov.  5. 

K.  1.  rncf)nunon  nii<;rant:  Cliarlcstown  Beach,  four,  ( )ct.  1'). 
1.S91);   Point  Judith.  April  27.  1SS7. 

Coxx. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  niij^rant.  Late  May- 
June  9;  Oct. 

293.     A.M.M»)i)K.\Mi  s  MAUiTi.Mi  s  (Wilsou)  Swaiu.sou. 
Seaside  sparrow  or  finch;    Meadow  chippy. 

Audulion,  liird.s  of  .\uu-r..  IMl.  vol.  '.',,  p.  l(j;j.  |ii.  172.  K;:^. 
Caj)en,  ISKO.  pi.  9,  fi^.s.  5.  (>. 

Fringilla  muriiima  Wil.s.,  Amer.  oniith..  ISII.  vol.  4.  p.  ()S.  |)1. 
34,  tij;.  2.  "Low.  ULSH-COVEHED  SE.\  I.SL.\XDS  .\LOX(;  OIH  AT- 
LANTIC COAST." 

Salt  marshes;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mk. —  Accidental  vi.sitor:    Shark  Id..  .\u;r.  is.  lsS4. 

N.  H. —  Krronj'ously  n«eorded  for  .1.  caitdacutus. 

^L\.s.s. —  Hare  local  summer  (Westport)  and  winter  resident  on 
south  coast,     .\pril  14-( winter).     Kgps,  July  17. 

K.  I. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  at  Point  Judith  and  Middle- 
own  marshes.     L^'gs,  July  1  I. 

Coxx. —  Common  summer  and  |)o.ssil)ly  ran-  winter  resident  of 
the  salt  marshes.  Late  May  S|)t.  (Dec.  9,  iss't.  Pri<ljjep(»rt). 
Eggs,  June  S   1<». 


158  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

FRINGILLIDAE. 

294.  Choxdestes  gram\lvcus  (Say)  Bonaparte. 
Lark  sparrow;    Quailhead;   Road-bird. 

FringUla  grammaca  Say,  Long's  Exped.  to  Rocky  Mts.,  1S23,  vol. 
1,  p.  139.  "Belle  foxtaix,  as  well  as  at  several  other 
POINTS  ON  THIS  [MissouRi]  RIVER."  Bonap.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1825, 
vol.  1,  p.  -17,  pi.  0,  fig.  3. 

Grassy  fields;  nests  on  the  ground  or  in  low  trees  and  bushes. 

Mass. —  Rare  vishor  (seven  records).  April  29;  Aug.  12-Xov. 
25. 

295.  ZoNOTRiCHiA  leucophrys  (Forster)  Swainson. 
White-crowned  sparrow. 

Emberiza  leucophrys  Forst.,  Phil,  trans,  roy.  soc.  London,  1772, 
vol.  62,  p.  426.     "in  A^ierica  Boreali  ad  Sinu.m  Hudsonis." 

FringUla  leucophrys  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  3,  p.  157,  pi.  192. 

Edges  of  thickets ;  nests  on  the  ground  or  in  low  bushes. 

]Me. —  Uncommon  migrant;  casual  in  summer  (Androscoggin 
Lake,  June,  1898;  Farmington,  late  Jime,  1887;  Woolastook 
Valley,  Aug.).  (May  2)  May  5-25;  (June,  Aug.);  Sept.  22-Oct. 
22  (Nov.  8). 

N.  H.— L^ncommon  migrant.     May  6-25;   Sept.  21-Oct.  11. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant ;  said  to  have  bred  at  Rutland ;  nest 
built  and  one  egg  laid  at  East  Berkshire.  ]May  14  (July,  1906, 
Mt.  Mansfield) ;  Oct.  4-24. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant.  ^Nlay  4-27  (June  6) ;  Sept.  23- 
Nov.  5. 

R.  L —  Uncommon  migrant;  casual  in  summer  (near  Providence, 
July  9).     May;  Oct. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant;  may  winter  rarely.  (Mar.  20) 
May  10-15;  Oct.  12-Dec.  5. 


AVES.  159 

PASSER  ES.  OSCINES. 

FRlMilLLIDAE. 

290.     ZoNOTRicHiA  ALHICOLLIS  (Gmelin)  Swainson. 

White -thro  a  ted  sparrow;    Mountain  lark;    Peabody-bird. 

Frinrjilla  albicolli.^  (Jincl.,  Syst.  iiat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  _'.  ]).  921. 
"i\  Pensilv.\ni.\." 

Fringillo  pennsijlvanica  Latham.  AudulK)n.  Bird.s  of  Anier., 
1841,  vol.  3.  p.  153,  pi.  191.     Ejicr,  Capen,   1886.  \A.  10,  figs.  5,  6. 

Thic-kc'ts;  nests  on  the  ground,  rarely  in  bushes. 

Me. —  Common  migrant,  and  from  Cumberland  Co.  nortli,   a 
common  summer  resident;  aceidental  in  winter  (Falmoutii,  winter, 
1904;    Ivewiston,  Mar.  30,   1904;    Lubec,  Mar.  24.   190G;    Saco 
Jan.  20,  1886).     April  18-Xov.  9  (Nov.  20)  (winter).     Eggs,  May 
24-June  13. 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant,  and  a  common  summer  resident  to 
5000  ft.  in  northern  half,  local  in  southern.  April  23-May  14; 
summer;   Sej)t.-Oct. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant,  and  exccjit  at  lower  elevations,  a  less 
common  summer  resident;  accidental  in  winter  (Brattleboro,  Dec. 
25,  1904,  Mar.  31,  1907).  April  29-Oct.  24  (winter).  Egg.s,  June 
21- July  3. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  at  higher  elevations  of  western 
part,  a  less  common  summer  resident,  sporadic  in  eastern  (Box- 
ford,  Framingham,  Wakefield);  rare  winter  resident  near  coast. 
April  1.5-May  26;  summer;  Se])t.  1-Xov.  24;  winter.     Eggs.  June. 

H.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  winter  n'sident.  A|)ril  2S- 
May  10;  Oct.  1-Xov.  1;  winter. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  winter  resident; 
may  breed  at  higher  elevations  (Litchfiekl.  June  26,  1!)06).  April 
lo-May  20  (June);  Sept.  22-Xov.;  winter. 

297.     Spizella  monticoi.a  (Gmelin)  Baird. 

Tree  sparrow;    Winter  chip-bird;    Winter  chippy. 

Chapman,  Ilandb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  301;  Bird- 
life.  1898,  pi.  49. 


160 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


PASSERES. 


OSCINES. 


FRINGILLIDAE. 


FringiUa  monticola  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  178S,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  912. 
"in  America  septentrioxali." 

Arctic  thickets  in  summer;  fields  and  marshes  in  Avinter  migra- 
tion ;  nests  on  the  ground. 

]\1e. —  Common  migrant  and  in  southern  counties  a  winter  resi- 
dent.    (Early  Aug.,  Fort  Kent;  Sept.)  Oct.  8-April  28  (May  16). 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant,  and  from  White  Mts.  south,  uncom- 
mon winter  resident.     Oct.  8-April  24. 

\t. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  winter  resident.  Oct.- 
A})ril. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  winter  resident. 
(Sept.  21)  Oct.  la-April  28  (May  7,  1893,  Lexington). 

R.  I. —  Common  winter  resident.     Nov.  7-April  15. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  winter  resident. 
Oct.  28-April  12. 

298.     Spizella  passerina  (Bechstein)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 
Chipping  sparrow;    Chip-bird;    Chippy;   Hair-bird. 

FringiUa  passerina  Bechstein,  in  Latham,  Allgem.  uebers.  vogel, 
1798,  vol.  3,  pt.  2,  p.  544,  pi.  120,  fig.  1.     "Canada." 

Spizella  socialls  (Wils.).  Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No. 
Ainer.,  1895,  p.  302.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  10,  figs.  1,  2. 

FringiUa  socialis  Wils.  Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1839,  vol.  5, 
p.  517,  pi.  104. 

Orchards,  fields,  and  vicinity  of  dwellings ;  nests  in  trees,  hedges, 
or  vines. 

jNIe. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  2)  April 
9-Oct.  23  (Nov.  7).     Eggs,  IVIay  23- June  2;  early  July  (2d  brood) . 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions. April  10-Oct.  31.  Eggs,  May  31-June  16;  July  29  (2d 
brood). 

Yt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     April  4-Oct. 


AVES.  161 

PA8SKIIES.  DSC  I N  KS. 

FRIXr.ILLIDAE. 

Mass. —  Coininoii  iiii^raiit  and  siininior  rrsidcnt.  (Mar.  \'.i, 
24)  April  .'i-Xov.  2.')  (l)i'i-.  31,  lS(i«).  Watcrtown).  K^^^s,  May 
12-.Iiiiu'  20  (2(1  hruoil  ?). 

H.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  .sninnuT  resident.  A|)ril -i-Oct. 
17.     Eggs,  May  19-.Iune  1.5. 

Conn. —  Conunon  migrant  and  summer  resident;  rare  winter 
resident.     .\|)ril-\ov.  (winter). 

21)9.     Si'iZELL.\  lutKw  KHi  Ca.ssiii. 
Brewer's  sparrow. 

Cass.,  Proc.  aead.  nat.  .sci.  Pliila..  185G,  vol.  8,  p.  40.  "We.stern 
XouTH  America,  California,  New  Mexico."  Hidgway,  Bull. 
50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  U)01,  i)t.  1.  p.  326. 

Kmljrriza  pallida  Swains.  Auduijon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol. 
3.  j)l.  161  {fide  Ridgway). 

Prairies;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mas.s. —  Aeeidental  visitor:  Watertown,  Dec.  15,  1873. 

300.     Si'iZEi.i.A  I'UsiLLA  (Wilson)  Bonaparte. 

Field  sparrow;    Ground  sparrow;    Huckleberry -bird. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  .'jO,  U.  S.  nat.  mus..  I'.IOI.  pt.  1,  p.  :\\S.  Kgg, 
Ca|H-n,  1SS6,  pi.  10.  figs.  3,  4. 

Fringilla  pintilla  Wils.,  Amer.  oriiitli.,  LSIU,  vol.  2,  p.  121,  pi.  10, 
fig.  2.  "Pennsylvania.  ..  .NoKTii  and  South  Carolina.... 
Georgia."     Auduhon,  Ornitli.  hiogr.,  1S34,  vol.  2,  pi.  139. 

Bushy  fields;  nests  on  the  ground  or  in  low  bushes. 

Me. —  UiKommon  summer  resident  in  .southern  counties,  .\pril 
7-Oet.  1. 

.\.  II. —  Ix)cally  common  summer  resident  north  to  White  Mt. 
valleys      .\|)ril  3-Oct.    Eggs,  June  12. 

Vt. —  Ix)cally  conunon  sununer  resident.  April  4-fall  (Dec.  25, 
1908,  Clarendon).     Eggs,  July  10. 


162 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


PASSERES. 


OSCINES. 


FRINGILLIDAE. 


Mass. —  Common  summer  resident  and  near  the  coast  a  rare 
winter  resident.  (Mar.  29)  April  1-Xov.  13;  (winter).  Eggs,  May 
8-June  12. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  and  rare  winter  resident.  April-Oct. 
23;   (winter).     Eggs,  ^lay  19- June  11. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  and  rare  winter  resident.  (Late 
Mar.)  April  6-Dec.  2  (winter,  Hartford,  New  Haven).  Eggs,  June 
22. 

301.     Juxco  HYEMALis  (Linue)  Sclater. 

Slate-colored  Junco;    Black  snowbird;    Blue  snowbird;    Junco; 
Snowbird;   White -bill. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  304;  Bird- 
life,  1898,  pi.  48.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  9,  figs.  14,  15. 

Fringilla  Jit/emalis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  183. 
"America." 

Thickets,  weedy  and  brushgrown  fields;  nests  on  the  ground, 
rarely  in  bushes. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  mainly  in  northern  part, 
a  common  summer  resident;  rare  winter  resident  in  southern  part 
Eggs,  :\Iay  7- June  29;  July  19  (2d  brood). 

Vt. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  and  winter  resi- 
dent. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  winter  resident;  un- 
common summer  resident  in  western  highlands  (Mts.  Holyoke, 
Nonotuck,  Tom,  AVachusett,  Berkshires),  sporadic  in  east  ( ?  Box- 
ford,  INIedford,  Wellfleet).  Mar.  8-May  21;  summer;  Sept.  3- 
Nov.  30;  winter.     Eggs,  -(Aug.  6). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident.  Oct.  2-April  4 
(^lay  19). 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident ;  rare  local 
summer  resident  (Bear  Mt.,  Salisbury,  2354  ft.).  Oct.  8-May  3 
(summer). 


AVES.  103 

PAssFRKs.  nsnxES. 

FRIN'GILLIDAK. 

302.  .lr\(()  iivKMvi.is  MoNTANM's  (Ridgwav)  A.  O.  V.  coinin. 

Montana  Junco. 

J  unco  niontanu.i  Hitljjw.,  Aiik,  ISilS,  vol.  1"),  p.  ."iL'l.     "Colu.mbia 
F.\Li-s.  M<>NT.\N.\."     Hull.  ."»(),  r.  .'^.  iiitt.  mils..  I!»()l,  |.(.  1,  p.  2,S9. 
Edp'.s  of  tliicki't.s;    lU'.st.s  on  the  ground. 

Mass. —  Accidental  vi.sitor:  Watcrtown,  Mar.  2"),  1S74  (this 
sjH'cinuMi  ha.s  Ix'cn  R'cordcd  a.s  ./.  //.  sltufrhlti  and  ./.  h.  orcgonus). 

303.  Mki.(ispi/\  mkioDiv  (Wilson)  Hainl. 

Song  sparrow;    Bush  sparrow;    Ground-bird;    Ground  sparrow. 

Fringilla  mchnlia  Wil.s.,  Anicr.  ornith.,  ISH).  vol.  2,  p.  12o.  pi. 
1(>,  fig.  4.  "United  State.s."  Aiidnhon.  Hinls  of  Aincr.,  1841, 
vol.  3.  pi.  ISO. 

Mrlo-spizn  rinrrra  mrlodld  (Wil.s.).  Uidgway,  Bull.  o(),  V .  S. 
nat.  nius.,  lilOl.  pt.  1,  p.  3.'>4.     P^gg,  CajH'n.  ISSfi,  pi.  9.  fig.  10-13. 

Swani|)S,  marshes,  weedy  fields;  nest.s  on  tlie  ground,  in  hushes, 
or  even  iiollow  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  sununer  rcsidt-nt;  ran-  winter 
ri'sident  (Calais,  Cape  EIizal>eth.  Gardiner).  Mar.  7-Xov.  (winter). 
Eggs,  (April)  May  20-June  7;  July  (2d  hrood). 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions; rarr  wintir  residtut  in-ar  coast.  Mar.  9-I)ec.  (winter). 
Eggs,  May  24-.Iune  22;  July  27  (2d  brood). 

\"t. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  raiv  winter  nvsi- 
dent  in  .sf)Uthern  part  (Bethtl.  Hratllehoro,  Brownsville,  Taftsville). 
Mar.  7-fall  (winter). 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  sununer  resident;  less  conunoti 
winter  n'sident  at  lower  elevations.  Mar.  10-Xov.  15;  winter. 
Eggs,  April  3()-July  29  (2d  l.rood). 

R.  I. —  Conunon  migrant  and  siunmer  resideiU ;  less  conunon 
winter  n'sident.     Mar.  l~Xov.  It;    winter.     Eggs,  May  7   10. 

Co.S'X. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  n*sid<iii;  Ic.s.s  common 
winter  resident.     Eggs,  May  24-(Aug.  20). 


164 


FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 


PASSERES. 


FRINGILLIDAE. 


OSCINES. 


304.  Melospiza  lincolnii  (Audubon)  Baird. 
Lincoln's  sparrow;    Lincoln's  finch. 

Fringilla  lincolnii  Aud.,  Ornitli.  bioifr.,  1834,  vol.  2,  ]>.  535,  pi. 
193.     "Labrador." 

Pcucaea  lincolnii  Aud.,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3,  p.  110,  pi. 
177. 

Edges  of  dense  thickets  and  tangled  growth;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant;  rare  summer 
resident  in  extreme  north  (Ft.  Kent;  6^  said  to  have  been  taken  at 
Boothbay,  July  14,  and  four  birds  at  Bobson's  Id.,  Aug.  9).  May 
12-June  1;    (summer);  Sept.  8-.Oct.  13. 

N.  H. —  Rare  s])ring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant  (once  reported 
in  summer,  Nubanusit  Lake,  July  28,  1900,  Thayer).  jVIay  13- 
26;   (?  summer);  Sept.  7-0 ct.  4. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant. 

Mass. —  Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  ^Nlay  7- 
June  1;  Se])t.  12-Oct.  14  (Nov.  1). 

R.  L —  Rare  migrant,  mainly  in  fall.     (Spring);  Sept.  27. 

Conn.— Rare  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  ^lay  23; 
Sept.  21-Oct.  3. 

305.  Melospiza  georgiana  (Latham)  Ridgway. 

Swamp  sparrow. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1901,  pt.  1,  p.  382. 
Fringilla  georgiana   Lath.,  Index  ornith.,  1790,  vol.  1,  p.  460. 
"cum  praecedente,"  =  "in  Georgiae  americanae  interiori- 

BUS." 

Fringilla  palustris  Wils.  Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1839,  vol.  5, 
pi.  64.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  9,  fig.  7-9. 

Swamps,  marshes,  and  old  fields;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  (Mar. 
20,  Bangor)  Ai)ril  6-Nov.  15.     Eggs,  May  31-June  3. 


AVES.  165 

PASSERES.  OSC'INES. 

FRINdlLIJDAE. 

N.  II..  \'t. —  Common  mi<;raiit  and  loss  common  local  sumnuT 
nvsident  al  lowir  i-levations.     A|)ril-Oct.  25. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  niii^rant  and  local  summer  resident;  rare 
winter  n'sident  near  the  coa.st  (to  Beverly,  Fn-sh  Pond,  Cambridjje). 
Mar.  27-Nov.  .30;   winter.     VA^ir^,  May  13-July  14. 

R.  I. —  Common  mi;:rant  and  less  common  local  summer  n'.sident; 
may  winter  locally.     .Vpril  4-Xov.l4  (Dec.  25).     E^<;s,  May  24-3 1 . 

Cow. —  Common  mijjrant  and  less  common  local  .summer 
resident;  raR'  winter  resident.     April  5-Xov.  20  (winter). 

306.  P.\ssKFtEi.L.\  ILIACA  (Mcrreui)  Swain.son. 
Fox  sparrow;    Fox-colored  sparrow. 

Fringilla  iliaca  Merr..  Bciir.  z.  Ix'sond.  gesch.  d.  vcigel,  17S(>-S7, 
vol.  2,  p.  40-41,  1)1.  10.  "XoRD-A.MEKiKA."  Auduhou,  Oniith. 
biogr.,  1S35,  vol.  2,  p.  58,  pi.  IDS. 

Thickets  and  edges  of  woods;  nests  on  the  ground  or  in  low  tri'es. 

Me. —  Common  migrant;  accidental  in  winter.  Mar.  15  .Vpril 
17  (May  15);  Oct.  8-Xov.  28  (Dec.  2,  9,  17,  Srguin  I<l.;  Jan.  21, 
1909,  Cape  Elizabeth;    Feb.). 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant.     Mar  1(>-A])ril  23;   Oct.  5-Xov.  13. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant.     Mar.  1.>-Ai)ril  5;  fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident  near  the 
coast.  (Feb.  2().  190(j,  SpriiigHeld;  Mar.  3)  Mar.  O-Ajml  25  (May 
2);   (Sept.  17,   Oct.  2)  Oct.  15-Xov.  29  (Dec.  0  and  winter). 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  occasional  winter  resident.  Mar. 
19-April  20  (May  21);  Oct.  13-Xov.  27  (winter). 

CoNTJ. —  Common  migrant,  and  ran-  winter  resident.  Mar.  (V- 
April  19;   Oct.  10-Xov.  28  (winter). 

307.  PiiMi.o  KUVTHHOPMTHAI..MIS  (Linn^)  Vieillot. 

Towhee;    Chewink;    Ground  robin;    Marsh  robin;    Pewink. 

Cliapniati,  Ilandb.  birds  east.  Xo.  .Vmcr.,  1895,  |i.  .IKt;  Bird- 
life,  l.S9,S,  pi.  .V).     Kgg.  Capen,  18Sr..  pi.  10,  Hg.  13-15. 


166  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENCLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

FRIXGILLIDAE. 

Fringilla  erythrophthalma  Linn4,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  175S,  vol.  1, 
p.  ISO.     "America." 

Thickets  and  s])rout  land;  nests  on  the  ground,  rarely  in  bushes. 

INIe. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  southwestern  counties. 
May  6-Oct.  18  (Nov.  21). 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  in  southern  part,  becoming 
uncommon  north  to  White  Mt.  valleys.     May  1-Oct.  15. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.     May-Sept. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  and  very  rare  winter  resident.  (Aj)ril 
2)  April  18-Oct.  22  (Nov.  30,  Dec.  4);  (winter).  Eggs,  :\Iay  17- 
June  12. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  and  very  rare  winter  resident.  April 
19-Oct.  13  (Jan.  14,  1896,  Newport).     Eggs,  May  21-June  3. 

CoxN. —  Common  summer  and  very  rare  winter  resident. 
April  25-Nov.  25  (Dec.  28,  1908,  New  Haven;  Jan.  22,  187G, 
Portland).     Eggs,  May  21-June  6. 

308.     Cardinalis  cardinalis  (Linne)  Lichtenstein. 

Cardinal;    Cardinal  grosbeak;    Red-bird;    Virginia  nightingale. 

Loxia  cardinalis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  ]).  172. 
"ix  America  septextrioxali." 

Pityhis  cardinalis  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol. 
3,  p.  198,  pi.  203.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  10,  figs.  11,  12. 

Bushy  fields  and  thickets;  nests  in  bushes. 

INIe. —  Several  recorded;  probably  some  are  escaped  cage  birds 
(9  from  flock  of  three,  Gardiner,  Dec.  19,  1895). 

Vt. —  Rare  visitor  or  escape:  Brattleboro. 

INIass. —  Occasional  visitor  at  all  seasons  and  escape;  doubtfully 
stated  to  have  bred  at  Cambridge  (a  wild  bird  and  a  freed  cage  bird 
nested  in  Brookline,  eggs,  June  6,  1898). 

Coxx. —  Occasional  visitor  or  escape. 


AVES.  167 

PAS8ERES.  OSCINES. 

FRTXr,II.T.TD.\E. 

300.     Zamei.odia  unoviriAXA  (Linn6)  Coucs. 
Rose-breasted  grosbeak;    Throat-cut, 
Loxia  Imlovicinua  \a\\\\(',  Syst.  nat.,  »m1.  12,   17t'»('>.  vol.  1,  p.  306. 

"in   LlIXlVICIA." 

Ilahia  Itidoviciana  (LiiiiK'').  Cliaj)inan,  Ilaiull).  Mnis  east. 
No.  Amcr.,  1895,  p.  312;  Bird-lifis  1898,  |)1.  54;  Stone,  Auk,  1899, 
vol.  10.  pi.  4.     Egp,  Cai)en,  188(5.  pi.  10,  figs.  9,  10. 

Orchard  and  shade  trees  and  borders  of  woods  near  water;  nests 
in  bushes  and  trees. 

Me. —  Common  sunamer  resident  except  in  eastern  part.  (April 
20)  May  4-Aug.  27.     Eggs.  June  10-30. 

X.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations.  May 
12-Scpt.  18. 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident.  May-Sept.  14.  Eggs,  June 
2-23. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  summer  resident,  (.\pril  2(\)  May  2-Oct.  3. 
Eggs,  May  25- June  15. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  R'sident,  mainly  hi  northern  part. 
May  4-Oct.  2.     Eggs,  May  23- June  4. 

CoNX. —  Common  summer  resident;  accidental  in  winter. 
May  1-Sept.  (Xov.  2.");  Jan.  IS.  1893,  Stonington).     Eggs.  May  24. 

310.     GnuArA  taerulea  (Linn^)  Swainson. 

Blue  grosbeak. 

f 'iuipnian.  Handlj.  i>irtlscast.  No.  Amer..  1S95,  j).  313.  McAtee, 
V .  S.  dept.  agric.  biol.  surv..  bull.  32,  pi.  I. 

Loxia  caerulva  Linn^*,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.   10,   IT.'j.S,  vol.   1,  p.   17."). 

"A.MEUirA." 

Brush-grown  fields  and  thickets;  nests  in  bushes  ov  wit-tly 
growths. 

Me. —  Ileconled  from  Calais,  but  in  error  for  Grand  Menan, 
N.  H. 


168  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES 

FRINGILLIDAE. 

X.  H.—  Doubtfully  recorded  from  East  Derry,  May  26,  1894. 

Yt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

]\Iass. —  Accidental  \'isitor:  Brookline,  May  29,  1880. 

R.  I.—  Accidental  visitor:  Drownville,  Oct.  12,  1899. 

311.  Passerixa  cyanea  (Linne)  Vieillot. 
Indigo  bunting;   Indigo-bird. 

Tanagra  cyanea  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,^ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  315. 
"in  Carolina." 

Spiza  cyanea  Wils.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3, 
p.  96,  pi.  170.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  10,  fig.  8. 

Brush-grown  fields,  thickets,  and  weedy  tangles ;  nests  among  low 
bushes,  brambles,  or  tall  weeds. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident  in  southern,  and  rare  in  north- 
ern counties  (Caribou).     ^lay  11-Oct.  2.     Eggs,  June-July  15. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions.    May  9-Oct.  1. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  18-fall. 
Eggs,  IMay  30. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  8- 
Oct.  29  (Dec.  5,  1871,  Watertown).     Eggs,  June  3-22. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident,  mainly  in  northern  part. 
May  10-Oct.     Eggs,  June  1-11. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  ^May  9-Oct. 
Eggs,  June  16. 

312.  Spiza  AMERICANA  (Gmelin)  Ridgway. 
Dickcissel;    Black-throated  bunting;    Judas-bird. 

Embcriza  americana  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  872. 
"in  Noveboraco."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3,  p. 
58,  pi.  156.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  10,  fig.  7. 

Grassy  fields;  nests  on  the  ground  or  in  low  bushes. 


Avi:s.  169 

P.\J>SERES.  OSCIXKS. 

FRIN'C.ILLIDAE. 

Mk. —  Actidt'iital  visitor:  .Iol)'.s  Id.,  Pcnoljscot  Hay,  Sept.  L'*.>, 
1884;  St.  Gforj,n»;   WVsthrook.  Oct.  10.  18S.S. 

Mass. —  Formerly  an  iiii<-oiniiioii  .suinnirr  n-sidciit  alonjj  coa.st 
and  in  \\«'st«Tn  valleys;  now  iniknown.  May  l.')-()et.  '4.  K^^s, 
June  <>,  I,S77  (Medford)-Au^^  1.  1S7S  (2d  hrood,  U\■^\v  Park). 

U.  I. —  Formerly  a  rare  mi<;rant :    Newport,  Sept.  25,  ISSS. 

Co.NX. —  Formerly  a  summer  ri'siiient.  now  unknown. 

313.  C.\IAM()SIMZ.\  MEL.\NOC()RY.S  Stejue^T. 

Lark  bunting. 

Stejn..  Auk,  INS.'),  vol.2,  p.  41).  Ba.sed  on  Townsend :  "i'i..\lNS 
OF  THE  Pl.\TTE  river." 

Con/dalina  birolor  Towns.  Anduhon,  Hirds  of  .\mer.,  IS41. 
vol.  3,  p.  195,  |)l.  202. 

Prairies;   nests  on  llie  ^M(iun<l. 

M  v.s.s. —  Accidental  visitor:   Lynn.  Dec.  5,  1S77. 

T.\NC..\RII).\E. 

314.  PiiLVNGA  LUDOVICIAXA  (Wilson)  Richardson. 
Louisiana  tanager;    Western  tanager. 

Tatuujra  hulurlriaiiu  Wils.,  Ainer.  ornitli.,   1^11.  vol.  .i,   p.  27, 

pi.   20,    H^r.    1.       "LOUI.SIANA." 

Pi/ranffa  Imlnnriaiia  (Wils.).  Auduhon,  Binl.s  of  Amer.,  IS}!^ 
vol.  3,  p.  231.  pi.  210. 

Mountain  forests;    nests  in  trees. 

Mk. —  Accidental  visitor:    near  Han;ror.  alxiut  ()et.  1.  1S89. 
Ma.ss. —  Accidental  visitor:   Salem.  .Ian.  20,  1S7.S. 
CoNX. —  Accidental  visitor:   New  Haven,  Dec.  15,  1S02. 

315.  Pika\(;a  kkvthkomf.i.as  \ieillot. 

Scarlet     tanager;      English     robin     ^^IJerksliires);      Fire-bird; 
Pocket-bird;    War-bird. 

Piiratujn  rriftlironula.i  \'ieill..  .Nouv.  diet,  d'liist.  nat.,  1M">,  vol. 
28,  p.  293.     "  \\\(:niq\y." 


170  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

TANGARIDAE. 

Pip-anga  rubra  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3, 
p.  226,  pi.  209.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  6,  figs.  6,  7. 

Deciduous  woods,  especially  oaks  and  chestnuts;   nests  in  trees. 

]\Ie. —  Rare  summer  resident.     ]\Iay  12-Oct.  5. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident,  mainly  below  2000  ft. 
south  of  White  Mts.     May  13-Sept.  25. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.     ^May-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident.  (ApvW  30,  ^lay  -i)  ^lay  8- 
Oct.  16.     Eggs,  June  2-17. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident,  mainly  of  northern  part. 
(April  4,  1891,  Apponaug)  ISIay  4-Oct.  9.     Eggs,  May  22-June  5. 

CoNX. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  10-Sept.  11.  Eggs, 
May  31- June  17. 

316.  PiRAXGA  RUBRA  (Linne)  Vieillot. 
Summer  tanager;   Summer  redbird. 

Fringilla  rubra  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  181. 
"America." 

Pyranga  aestiva  Gmel.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  3, 
p.  222,  pi.  208. 

Open  deciduous  and  mixed  woods;  nests  in  trees. 

Me.— Accidental  visitor:    Portland,  May  18,  1906;   Wiscasset. 

X.  H.,  Vt. —  Doubtfullv  recorded. 

jVIass. —  Accidental  summer  visitor.  April  21,  May,  June,  July, 
Aug. 

R.  L — Accidental  summer  visitor:  Providence  (two  seen); 
Seaconnet,  April  27,  1901;  Ten  Mile  River. 

Conn.- —  Rare  visitor.     April,  July. 

HIRUNDINIDAE. 

317.  Progxe  suBis  (Linne)  Baird. 

Purple   martin;    Black  martin;     Cape    Cod   swallow;     House 
martin;    Martin. 


Avi:s.  1 ,  1 

PASii;ERES.  '  OSCINES. 

HIRUNDIXIDAE. 

///n/m/o .v///y/.?Linn^',Sv.st.  iiat..  i<l.  1(1.  17.')S,  vol.  1,]).  I'.IL'.     "ad 

SIMM  HlDSONIS." 

Ilinindo  purpurea  Liiiiu'.  Andiihon,  Birds  of  Aiiicr.,  ISJO, 
vol.  1,  |i.  170.  i>l.  1.').     Kfjjj.  ('a|)<'n,  ISSG,  pi.  7,  Hjj.  1. 

(  )|>fii  coiintrv  and  vicinity  of  dwflling.s;  lu'.st.s  in  lavifics  or  Itird 
houses. 

Mk.  —  Till  rt'ct'iitly  a  coininon  local  summer  resident.  April  22- 
Sept.  4  (Sept  30).     Ejrjrs.  June  .5-July  4. 

N.  H. —  I^cal  summer  re.sident  north  to  White  .Mt.  valleys; 
now  uncommon.     Aj)ril  19-Sej)t. 

Vt. —  Till  recvntly  a  common  local  summer  resident,  .\pril  2.'>- 
Sept.  20.     Eggs,  -Jime  23. 

M.\.ss. —  Till  retrntiy  a  common  local  summer  resident.  April 
14-Sept.  30.     Eggs.  May  30-June  21. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  simimer  resident;  forim'rly 
more  common.     April  25-Oct.  8.     Eggs,  May  25-Jime  4. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  local  summer  resident;  form- 
erly more  common.     April  17-fall.     Eggs,  May  21. 

318.     Petrocueiji^on  lixii  ko.n's  (Say)  Cassin. 

Cliff  swallow;    Eave  swallow;    Mud  swallow;    Republican. 

Hirundo  lunifrons  Say,  Long's  E.\|K'd.  to  Rocky  Mts.,  1823, 
vol.  2.  J).  17.  "Rocky  Mount.\ixs,  .\bout  the  sources  of  the 
Ark.\ns.\  .\xd  Plaite." 

Hirundo  Jul va  Vieill.  Auduhon,  Hirds  of  Amer.,  1S40.  vol.  1. 
p.  177,  1)1.  47.     Egg,  ('ai)en,  isso,  pi.  (i,  fig.  11-13. 

( )jM'n  coimtrv;  nests  in  colonies  under  cliffs  or  eaves  of  ouil»uiltl- 
ings. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident,  (.\pril  11.  Ban- 
gor) April  21 -Sept.  0  {.S'pt.  l<t).     Eggs.  June  1-July  2. 

N.  II. —  ("onunon  migrant  and  local  summer  n-sidcnt.  .\]iril2S- 
Sept.  I. 


172  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

HIRUNDINIDAE. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  Late  April- 
summer. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  local  summer  resi- 
dent.    April  23-Sept.  4  (Sept.  30).     Eggs,  May  25- July  20. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April  28- 
Sept.  15.     Eggs,  May  31-July  16. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  local  summer 
resident.     (April  15)  April  20-Sept.     Eggs,  May  26-  ?  (2  broods). 

319.  HiRUNDO  ERYTHROGASTER  Boddaert. 
Bam  swallow;    Fork-tailed  swallow. 

Bodd.,  Tabl.  d.  planch,  enlum.  d'hist.  nat.,  1783,  p.  45.  De- 
scription in  Buffon:   "Cayenne." 

Hirundo  rustica  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1840,  vol.  1, 
p.  181,  pi.  48.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  0,  figs.  8,  9. 

Open  country;  nests  in  crevices  of  cliffs,  but  now  generally  on 
rafters  of  old  barns. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April  19-Sept. 
19  (Oct.  29,  Seguin  Id.;  Oct.  31,  1907,  Pordand).  Eggs,  May  28- 
June  24. 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tions.    April  20-Sept.  21. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     April  25-fall. 

INIass. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident. 
(April  5,  1893,  Waltham)  April  17-Sept.  30  (Oct.  7).  Eggs,  ISIay 
18- July  12. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  still  breeds  in 
cliffs   at   ISIiddletown.     (April    10)-Sept.   23.     Eggs,  May  18-30. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  sinnmcr  resident.  April  21- 
Sept.     Eggs,  (!  Sept.  3). 

320.  Iridoprocne  bicolor  (Vieillot)  Coues. 

Tree  swallow;    Little  martin;    White-bellied  swallow. 
Hirundo  bicolor  VieilL,  Hist.  nat.  ois.  Amer.  Sept.,  1807,  vol.   1, 


AVK.S.  173 

r  as.sk  u  i:s.  osc  ■  i  n  i:s. 

HIHlNniMDAE. 

p.  C.l.  pi.  ;{I.     "fiTATs-U.Nis."     Audiil.oii.  Birds  of  Aiiicr,.   isU), 

vol.  1,  ]».  17."i,  |>1.  1(1.     K^fi.  ("'ii|)('ii,  JSsC),  pi.  (i,  fiji.  10. 

( )pni  (•oiiiitrv.  ('.sptH'iiiliy  near  water;  lu'st.s  in  cavitii-s  of  di-ad 
triH'.s  or  in  bird  hoxr.s. 

Mk. —  Coininoii  iiiii;raiit  and  suinnuT  rt'sidrnt.  (Mar.  19) 
Aj.ril  4-Sf|)t.  21.     Kj,'jrs.  May  .JO-.June  11. 

N.  II. —  Common  mijijrant  and  less  comnion  .summer  rcsidcni  at 
lowerek'vation.s.     Mar.  2."i-Scpt. 

Vt. —  Common  miifrant  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
Eg^s,  .June  1. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
(Mar.  15)  Mar.  22-()ct.  17  (Nov.  2).     Eggs,  May  14  June  j.",. 

Iv.  1. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident; 
casual  in  winter.  (Mar.  12)  Mar.  2S-Oct.  IS.  Kggs.  May  24- 
30. 

Co.vx. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  rcsidi-nt. 
Mar.  25-Oct.  17  (Oct.  22).     Eggs,  June. 

321.     KiP.\Hi.\  RiP.\Ri.\  (Linn^)  Sliar])e  and  Wvatt. 

Bank  swallow;    Sand  martin  or  swallow. 

Ilinuulo  riparia  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  17.")N,  vol.  1.  |).  H)2. 
"i.\  Eii<oi'.\p:  collihus  arenosis  arriitis."  Audulion.  Birds 
of  Amer.,  1.S40,  vol.  1,  p.  187,  pi.  50.     Egg,  Capen,   l.SSii,  pi.  G, 

fig.  14. 

Open  country  near  rivers  and  lakes;  nests  in  colonies  in  burrows 
dug  in  .sandy  bluffs. 

Me. —  Connncjn  migrant  ami  summer  ri-sidcnt.  (.\|)ril  I'J)  .\prii 
25-Se|.t.  1  (Sept.  1<)).     Eggs.  May  29-June  24. 

N.  II. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  ri'sident.  .May- 
Aug.  24.      Eggs,  May  2(5. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  n'siilent.  .\pril  28- 
summer. 


174  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

HIRUNDINIDAE. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  April  24- 
Sept.  2  (Nov.  2).     Eggs,  :\Iay  28- June  17. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  April 
25-Aug.  29.     Eggs,  INIay  26-June  6. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  April 
21-summer. 

322.  Stelgidoptekyx  serripennis  (Audubon)  Baird. 
Rough-winged  swallow. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  Xo.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  322,  fig.  90. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  6,  fig.  15. 

Hirundo  serripennis  Aud.,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1838,  vol.  4,  p.  593. 
"a  few  miles  from  Bayou  Sara,"  La.  Aud.,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1840,  vol.  1,  pi.  51. 

Oi)en  country  near  water;  nests  in  holes  in  banks,  or  in  cavities 
of  cliffs  and  walls. 

X.  H. —  Rare  summer  resident :   near  Hanover,  1905,  1906. 

Vt. —  Rare  summer  resident  (noted  at  Bennington;  Lunenburg; 
Xorwich,  J^Iay  6,  1905,  April  29,  1906;  West  Danville,  June  11, 
1901;  White  River  Junction).     April  29-summer.     Eggs,  May  16. 

Mass. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  in  Avestern  part  (Glendale, 
young,  1906;  Longmeadow,  nesting.  May,  1906;  X^orth  Adams, 
two  nesting  pairs,  June,  1895).     IMay-summer. 

Conn. —  Rare  local  summer  resident.  (April  12)  May  9-sum- 
mer.     Eggs,  May  26-June  9. 

BOMBYCILLIDAE. 

323.  BoMBYCiLLA  GARRULA  (Linnc)  Vieillot. 

Bohemian  wax  wing. 

Bonaparte,  Amer.  ornith.,  1828,  vol.  3,  p.  14,  pi.  16,  fig.  2.  Egg, 
Ibis,  1861,  ser.  1,  vol.  3,  pi.  4,  fig.  1-6. 


AVES.  175 

tas-seres.  oscines. 

hombycillidap:. 

Laniu,'<  (/(irnihi.'i  Liiiiu',  Syst.  nat.,  iil.    lU,    17.ys,   vol.    1,  j).  ',)."). 

"in    KrUOI'V     &    A.MKKICA    HOHKAI.I;     AESTIVAT   SII'HA   SVFX'IA.M." 

Everpn'on  fon-sts;   nests  in  tn-cs. 

Me. —  Kan-  aiul  irn-^ular  winter  visitor.      iKc.  (i   I't-b.  G. 

N.  II. —  Kan-  winter  vi.sitor:  Hampton  Falls,  Feb.  17  and  _M, 
1897;   Nashua,  ISSO. 

Vt. —  Ran*  winter  visitor:  Brattlehoro,  A|)ril,  I'.IOl ;  Bnrlin<;ton 
(his);  St.  All)ans  (/;/."?).     Nov.  2.5-Aiml. 

M.vss. —  Kari'  winti-r  visitor:  about  six  authentic  records.  Dec. 
2G-FVb.  18. 

CoN'X. —  Accidental  winter  visitor:  East  Windsor  Hill,  near 
Hartford;    ?  New  Haven.  Fi-b.  11.  187.'). 

324.      BOMBYCILLA  CEDRORIM  \'ieillot. 

Cedar    waxwing;      Apple-bird;      Canada    robin;      Cedar-bird; 
Cherry -bird. 

Vieill.,  Hist.  nat.  ois.  Am^^'r.  Sept.,  1807,  vol.  1,  p.  ;>S,  pi.  r>7.  "e.v 
Am<:riqle  depui.s  le  Canada  ju.squ'au  Mexique." 

Ampelis  ccdrorum  (Vieill.).  Chapman,  Han<ll).  i)irds  east.  Xo. 
Amer.,  189.5,  p.  323;  Bird-life,  1898,  pi.  .".  Egg,  Capen,  1S8G, 
pi.  7,  figs.  2,  3. 

Orchards,  shade  tn'cs,  and  woods;    nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  rare  in  winter. 
Eggs,  .Tune  29. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant,  and  at  lower  elevations  a  common 
summer  resident;   rare  in  winter  in  southern  part.     Eggs,  .July  29. 

Vt. —  Connnon  migrant  and  smnmer  residi-nt;  uncommon  in 
winter  in  southern  |)art. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  migrant  anil  less  common  smnmer  n-sident; 
irn'gularly  common  in  winter  but  generally  ab.sent  in  Xov.  and  l)ec. 
Eggs.  May  .30-.Jul> . 

R.  I.  Common  migrant  and  sunnner  resident;  irn'gular  in 
winter.     Eggs,  .lime  7-20. 


176  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

BOMBYCILLIDAE. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  irregular 
in  winter.     Eggs,  June  20-Aug.  1  (Aug.  27). 

LANIIDAE. 

325.  Lanius  borealis  Vieillot. 
Northern  shrike;   Butcher-bird. 

YieilL,  Hist.  nat.  ois.  Amer.  Sept.,  1807,  vol.  1,  p.  80,  pi.  50. 
"Canada  et  sur-tout  la  baie  d'Hudson."  Audubon,  Birds 
of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4,  p.  130,  pi.  236. 

Open  country  and  edges  of  woods;  nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  winter  resident ;  supposed  breeding  records 
refer  to  L.  I.  migrans.     Oct.  15-April  17. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  winter  resident  at  lower  elevations.  Nov. 
12-April. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  winter  resident.     Fall-April  13. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  winter  resident.  (Oct.  6)  Oct.  12-April 
16  (May). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon,  irregular  winter  resident.     Nov.  28-Mar.  23. 

Conn. —  Irregular  winter  resident,  sometimes  common.  Oct. 
29-Mar.  24  (April  11). 

326.  Lanius  ludovicianus  Linne. 
Loggerhead  shrike. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  134.  "in  Ludovicia." 
Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1904,  pt.  3,  p.  241.  Audubon, 
Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4,  pi.  237. 

Open  country;  nests  in  trees. 

Conn. —  Accidental  visitor:  South  Norwalk,  Feb.  17,  1905 
(J.  A.  Allen). 


AVE8.  177 

PASSERES.  OSC'INES. 

LANIIDAE. 

327.  Lwifs  i.TDoviriAM-s  miguvns  W.  I'alnitr. 

Migrant  shrike;     Butcher-bird;     Cricket   hawk;     Grasshopper 
hawk;    Joree;    Mouse  hawk. 

W.  Palmer,  Auk.  1S9S,  vol.  1.').  ]>.  24S.  "Ki.ng.ston.  0.\t.\hio." 
Egjj,  Capen,  188G,  pi.  7,  fi^.s.  11,  12. 

Orchards  ami  open  tree  jj^rowth;  iK'.st.s  in  trce.s. 

Me. —  Uncoimnoii  local  .suinnier  resident.  (Mar.  1)  Mar  21- 
Sept.  (Nov.  17).     Eg^s,  May  5-25. 

X.  II. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  valley  country;  acci- 
dental in  winter.  Mar.  20-Sept.  (Jan.  20,  Concord).  Eggs, 
April  2G-May  5. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  local  .summer  resident.  Mar.  3-fall.  Eggs, 
April  28-May  23. 

M.\ss. —  Rare  migrant  and  in  western  part,  rare  summer  resi- 
dent; very  rare  in  winter.  Mar.  29-X()v.  27  (Dec.  19,  Jan.,  Feb.). 
Eggs,  May  10  (Williamstown). 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     (  ?  Spring) ;  Aug.  29-Sept.  2. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant  and  winter  resident  (Portland,  Xov.  187G; 
Saybrook,  Jan.,  1879);  j)o.ssibly  a  rare  summer  resident  (Mt. 
Carmcl,    May    24,    1873).     Spring-(May    24);     Aug.    29-winter. 

VIREONIUAE. 

328.  ViKEoSYLVA  OLIVACEA  (Linnt^)  Bonaj)arte. 

Red-eyed  Vireo;    Politician;    Preacher;    Red-eyed  greenlet. 
Muscicapa  olivacea  Linn^!',  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  12,  17(>0,  vol.  1,  p.  327. 

"l\  AmEKICA  SEPTE.NTKION'AI.I." 

Vireo  olivaceus  (Linn6).  DeKay,  Zool.  Xcw  \'ork,  1841,  vol. 
2,  p.  124,  1)1.  30.  fig.  79.     Egg.  ('a|)en.  1880.  i)l.  7.  figs.  4,  5. 

Orchards  and  deciduous  shade  and  fon-st  tit-es;  nest  j)ensile  in 
trees  or  bushes. 


178  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

VIREONIDAE. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident.  (May  1)  May  7-Oct.  2 
(Oct.  11).     Egcvs,-June  29. 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  below  3000  ft.  ]\Iay  8- 
Sept.  30. 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident.     May  9-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  4-Oct.  11  (Oct.  26; 
Nov.  2,  1870,  Watertown).     Eggs,  ]May  25- July  20. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident.  (Apjril  29)  May-Sept.  24 
(Oct.  11).     Eggs,  May  28- June  6. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  6-Oct.  2.  Eggs, 
June  1-12. 

329.       ViREOSYLVA  PHILADELPHICA  Cassin. 

Philadelphia  Vireo;    Brotherly-love  Vireo. 

Cass.,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Pliila.,  1851,  vol.  5,  p.  153,  pi.  10, 
fig.  2.     "near  Philadelphia." 

Vireo  philadelphicus  (Cass.).  Dwight,  Auk,  1897,  vol.  14,  p. 
269,  pi.  2.     Egg,  Brewster,  Auk,  1905,  vol.  22,  pi.  11. 

Open  deciduous  growth,  especially  of  birch  and  j)o])lar;  nest 
pensile  in  trees  or  bushes. 

Me. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  northern  part  (Bucks- 
port,  Lake  Umbagog).     May  21-Oct.  2.     Eggs,  June  15. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  north  of  White  i\Its.,  else- 
where rare  migrant.     May  26-Sept.  29. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant:  Breadloaf,  Sept.  19,  1900;  ]\Iorrisville; 
Pittsford,  Sept.  11,  1889.  (Reported  nesting  at  Brattleboro,  June, 
1901.)     May;  Sept.  11-19. 

:Mass.—  Rare  migrant.     May  (?  10)-17;  Sept.  7-27. 

R.  I.— Rare  migrant:  Drownville,  :\Iay  31,  1891;  West  Green- 
wich, May  21,  1902. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant:  New  Haven,  ]\[ay  19,  1888;  Portland, 
Sept.  21,  1893,  Sept.  17,  1894;  (?  Stratford,  "Vireo  gilvus .  .  .  . 
under  parts.  . .  .mostly  bright  yellow"). 


AVES.  1 70 

PASSERE8.  <>«l\i:s 

V I H  HON  I  DAE. 

330.  VtltKdSYIAA   C.IIAA    (\'iiillnt)   Cu.ssiii. 

Warbling  Vireo. 

M ii.trlrafxi  (jilva  Vii-ill.,  IIi>t  nat.  ois.  AiiK't.  St'pt.,  1S()7,  vol.  1, 
p.  (w,  pi.  34.     "i.'Kt.\t  I)E  Nkw-Vorck." 

Virco  gilvu.1  (Vieill.).  r'l»a|)niaii,  ILmdl).  i)inl.s  cast.  No.  Anier., 
1895.  p.  32"».  Dwijjht.  Atik.  ls',»7,  vol.  II.  j.l.  2.  Kjrj:,  Capcii, 
ISsn.  pi.  7.  ivr.  (■». 

()nliar(l  ami  sliailc  trees,  especially  elms;   ne.st  pensile  in  trees. 

Me. —  L  iKoninioii  local  summer  resirleiil.  May  .>-Sej)t.  15 
(Oct.  7). 

N.  H. —  I'ncommon  local  summer  resident  north  to  White  Mt. 
valleys.     May  1-Sept.  17. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident.     May  3 - 

Ma.ss. —  Common  summer  resident.  (April  24,  190S,  Auburn- 
dale)  April  20-Sept.  20.     Efr<,rs.  May  30-.lunc  11. 

K.  I. —  Common  .summer  resident,  csj)ecially  of  villa<je  shade 
trees.     May  5-Sept.  25.     Ej;<is,  May  2S-30. 

Co.N'.v. —  Common  summer  n'sident.  (April  20,  IS'.IS,  Jewett 
City)  April  2y-()ct.  13  (Ot.  25.  1<»00.  Hartford).  E^^rs,  .lune 
2-l'7. 

331.  L\MVlI{EO  FLAVIFROX.S  (Vjeillot)  I>awrtMKv. 
YeIlow-throat€d  Vireo. 

Vireo  jhivif runs  Vieill.,  Hist.  nat.  ois.  Am^'-r.  S<'pt.,  1.S07,  vol.  1, 
p.  S5,  pi.  54.  **£t.\ts-Unis."  .\udul)on.  Hirds  of  Amer.,  1S42, 
vol.  }.  p.  141.  pi.  2:i8.     K};>;,  Ca|K'n,  ISSfi,  |)|.  7,  fij,'s.  7,  S. 

Orchard  and  shade  trees  ami  edjjes  of  wotxls;  nest  jKMisile  in 
trees. 

Mk.  -  Rare  simimer  rtvsident  in  southwestern  counties.  Mar. 
12-Si'pt. 

X.  H. —  Incommon  summer  n-sident  iH-cominf;  rare  north  to 
White  Mt.  valleys.     May  8-S<'pl.      Kj:;;s,  .lune  14. 


180  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

VIREONIDAE. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  rt'sidcnt  (East  Bethel). 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident  becoming  local  in  western 
part.     INIay  1-Sept.  19.     Eggs,  May  24-June  17. 

11.  I. —  Common  summer  resident.  ISIay  1-Sept.  Eggs,  May 
24-June  2. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  6- 
Sept  17.     Eggs,  May  21- June  11. 

332.  Lanivireo  solitarius  (Wilson)  Allen. 
Blue-headed  Vireo;   Solitary  Vireo. 

Muscicapa  solitaria  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1810,  vol.  2,  p.  143, 
pi.  17,  fig.  6.     "near  Philadelphia." 

Vireo  solitarius  Vieill.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4, 
p.  144,  pi.  239.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  7,  fig.  9. 

Cool  mixed  woods;  nest  pensile  in  trees. 

Me. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  mainly  in  northern  part. 
(April  24)  April  28-Oct.  6  (Nov.). 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  up  to  3000  ft.  April  29- 
Oct.  7.     Eggs,  May  29-late  June. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  summer  resident,  becom- 
ing local  in  south  and  east.  (April  11,  1908,  Stoughton)  April 
14-Oct.  17.     Eggs,  May  13- June  26. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  local  summer  resident 
(Washington,  West  Greenwich).  April  23-Oct.  22.  Eggs,  May  15- 
June  15. 

Conn. — ^  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  summer  resident  (East- 
ford,  near  New  Haven,  Norfolk,  West  Simsbury).  Late  April-Oct. 
13.     Eggs,  May  27-June  23. 

333.  Vireo  griseus  (Boddaert)  A;  O.  U.  comm. 

White-eyed  Vireo;   White-eye. 

Tanagra  grisca  Bodd.,  Tabl.  d.  i)lanch.  cnlum.  d'hist.  nat.,  1783, 
p.  45.     Based  on  Buffon. 


AVES.  ISl 

PASSERES.  osc;i\r,s. 

VIUKONIDAE. 

I'irco  noirhorarcn.'ii.'i  ((lUiol.).      l)tKav,  Zool.  N<\v  \  Dik,   ISU, 
vol.  2.  |).  122.  |)1.  :H],  fig.  7S.     Egg,  CajKMi,  ISSii,  |)1.  7,  fig.  10. 
Bu.shy  thickt'ts;   ne.st  |M'nsile  in  bu.shcs. 

Me. —  l)t)ul>tfully  rccKnltd. 

X.  H. —  Srvi-ral  uiisati.sfactory  moRi-s:  Chesterfield,  .Man- 
elustir. 

Vt. —  Acciilental  visitor:  Brattleboro;  ?  St.  Johnsbury,  various 
n'cords  (Clark);   Townshend,  1S93. 

Mass. —  Rare  loeal  summer  resident  near  coast  and  in  southern 
valK-ys  (Sheffield).  May  2-Sei)t.  27  (Get.  30).  Eggs,  May  22- 
.lune  IS. 

U.  I. —  Uneommon  loeal  summer  resident.  May  7-Sej)t.  18. 
Eggs,  June  2,  3. 

Cow. —  Common  summer  resident  in  southern  |)arl  and  Con- 
neetieut  valley.     May  2-Sept.     Eggs,  June  9-12. 

334.  \'iUEO  BELLii  Audubon 
Bell's  Vireo. 

And..  Birds  of  Ainer.,  1S44,  vol.  7,  p.  333,  pi.  4S.").     "SiioUES 

AND  IMIAIKIE.S  OF  THE  UpPER  MiS.SOUKI." 

Bushy  thickets;  nest  pensile  in  bushes  or  low  trees. 
N.  11.  -  Accidental  visitor:    Diirhaiii,  Nov.  1*J,  1M>7. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

335.  M.\it)Tii.T.\  v.\KiA  (Linn^-)  X'iciliot. 

Black  and  white  warbler;   Black  and  white  creeper. 

Chapman.  Warblers  Xo.  Amer.,  1!>()7,  ]).  31>,  1)1.  2,  figs.  4,  5. 
Egg,  CajK'n,  1S8G,  pi.  3,  figs.  2,  3. 

Motarilla  varia  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  cd.  12.  1700,  vol.  1.  p.  333. 
"i.\  J.\M.\ic.\.  Dominica." 

Deciduous  and  mixed  \voo<|s;   nests  on  the  grouiul. 


182  FAUNA  OF  XEW  EXCT.AXi:*. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTID.AE. 

]\_[e. —  Common  migrant  and  local  summer  resident.  (April  27) 
May  3-Oct.  5.     Eggs,  ^Nlay  25- June  21. 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident  at 
lower  altitudes.     April  27-Sept.  29.     Eggs,  June  24. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  JNIay  5-fall. 
Eggs,  June  20. 

Mxss. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
(April  18)  Apiil  28-Oct.  29  (Dec.  5).     Eggs,  ^^lay  17-June  22. 

R  I  —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
(April  15)  INIay  1-Oct.  7.     Eggs,  May  21,  23. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
(April  20)  April  25-Oct.  10.     Eggs,  May  20-June  4. 

336.  Protonotaria  citrea  (Boddaert)  Baird. 
Prothonotary  warbler;    Golden  swamp  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  54,  pi.  3,  fig.  3-4. 

MofaciUa  ciirea  Bodd.,  TaV)l.  d.  i)lanch.  enlum.  d'hist.  nat., 
1783,  ]).  44.     I)cscrii)tion  in  Button :    "Louisiaxie." 

Bushy  and  tree-grown  swamps;  nests  generally  in  cavities  of 
stumps  or  dead  trees. 

Me.—  Accidental  visitor:   Calais,  Oct.  30,  1862. 
'  Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 
Mass. —  Accidental  visitor.     May  1-Sept.  15. 
R.  I.— Accidental  visitor:    Lonsdale,  April  29,   1892,  Ai)ril  19, 
1893;  South  Kingston,  April  20  or  21,  1884. 

337.  Hei.mitiieros  vermivorus  (Gmelin)  Bonaparte. 

Worm-eating  warbler. 

Motacilla  mervimora  [=  vermivora]  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1, 
pt.  2,  p.  951.     "in  Pensilvaxia." 

Helinaia  vermivora  Lath.  Audul)on,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  2,  p.  86,  pi.  105.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  3,  fig.  6. 


AVES.  183 

1'A.SSEHE.s.  OSC'LNES. 

MMOTILTIDAK. 

Dry  \vo(m1i-(1  .sIojh-s  jiml  nniiuvs  with  iiii(l('rj:n)\vtli ;  iicsts  on  tlic 
f^roimd. 

Me.,  N.  H. —  Unsutisfaotorily  n-cortli-d. 

Vt. —  Ac'citlt'nfal  visitor:   St.  .Xlhans,  1S91. 

M.\s.s. —  Acciilcntal  visitor:  ('ainl)ri(lpc.  Sept.  li).  ISNI;  Kast- 
hampfoii;  Salt-iii  Willows.  .\|»ril  1  IK).  l'.K)2;  Taimton,  May  <), 
1M.MJ. 

Cow. —  Kan'  suinnu'r  resident.  May  10-Aug.  22.  H}?gs,  (New 
Haven,  Sayhrook)  May  2.')-.Iiine  19. 

IV.is.     llKi.MiNTiioi'iiii.A  PINTS  (T>inn<'')  KidiTway. 

Blue-winged  warbler;    Blue-winged  yellow  warbler. 

riiaj)inaii,  \Varl)ler.s  No.  Ainer.,  1".)07,  p.  Go,  pi.  o,  fig.  1-2.  Egg, 
Capeii,  1SS(»,  j)I.  li,  fig.  7. 

Certliia  pinu.<<  Liiin^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.    12.    ITfiO,   vol.    1,   p.    1S7. 

"l\   A.MEUItW   SEPTENTHIONAI.l." 

Low  woods  and  sprout  land;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Vt. —  Unsatisfaetorily  recorded. 

M.\.ss. —  Very  rare  visitor.     May  12-17  ("/  29). 

R.  I. —  Very  rare  summer  resident:  nest  at  (Jloiicotci-,  May  'M), 
1800. 

Cass. —  Locally  couiiiion  summer  resident  in  souilu-rn  part 
and  Connecticut  valley.  (May  2)  May  9-hite  Aug.  Egg.s,  May 
20-June  20. 

339.     Hei.minthoimiil.k  cnRYSoi>TERA  (Linn<f')  Ridgway. 
Golden-winged  warbler. 

Chapman.  Warblers  Xo.  .\mcr.,  r.K)7,  p.  <>(),  pi.  5,  fig.  5-fi. 
Kgg,  Ca|Mn,  ISSO,  pi.  3,  fig.  S. 

Miitarilln  rhnjsopU'm  Liiuj^',  Syst.  nat..  t-d.  12,  17(»((,  vol.  I,  p. 
333.     "i.N  Pex.sylv.\ni.\." 

\a^\\  hushy  growths  and  s|troiM  lands;    nc^i^  on  tin-  ground. 


184  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

N.  H. —  Rare  in  spring  and  early  summer  in  southernmost  part; 
may  breed.     jNIay,  June. 

Vt. —  Rare  migrant;  ?"rare  sununer  resident"  (Perkins). 
Spring;    (Oct.  26,  1907,  Woodstock). 

Mass. —  Uncommon  summer  resident,  mainly  in  eastern  part. 
(May  4)  May  7-Sept.  1  (Oct.  8).     Eggs,  June  1-20. 

R.  I. —  Rare  summer  resident. 

GoNN. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.  (May  3)  IMay  12- 
Aug.  24.     Eggs,  May  29-June  4. 

340.     Helminthophila  rubricapilla  (Wilson)  Faxon. 
Nashville  warbler. 

Sylvia  rubricapilla  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1811,  vol.  3,  p.  120,  pi. 
27,  fig.  3;  vol.  6,  p.  xv.  "Tennesee.  . .  .not  far  from  Nash- 
ville." 

Helinaia  rubricapilla  (Wils.).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  2,  p.  103,  pi.  113.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  3,  figs.  9,  10. 

Open  woodland  and  thickets  bordering  swamps;  nests  on  the 
ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  30)  May 
4-Sept.  27  (Oct.  4).     Eggs,  June  3- July  10. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  up  to  4500  ft. 
(April  30)  May  4-Sept.  13.     Eggs,  May  25-June  8. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     INIay  3-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident, 
accidental  in  winter.  (April  20,  28)  May  2-Sept.  25  (Oct.  14; 
Jan.  1890,  Swampscott).     Eggs,  May  21-iune  21. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  summer  resident. 
May  4-Sept.  17.     Eggs,  May  22- June  1. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  summer  resident. 
(April  22,  1889,  Bridgeport)  May  5-Sept.     Eggs,  May  30- June  8. 


AVE.S.  185 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MXIOTILTIDAK. 

341.  IIki.mintikii'mii.a  CELATA  (Say)  Hi(l<;\vay. 

Orange-crowned  warbler. 

Chapman.  Warhli-rs  \o.  Auut.,  11K)7.  |>.  S<').  |)i.  7,  figs.  3,  4. 
Siflvia  cekitus  Say,  Ixjtig's  Exprd.  to  Ko«  ky  Mts.,  1823,  vol.  1, 
|).  If.!).     "Engineer  Canton.ment."  Iowa. 

Wooded  and  hu.sliy  country;  ni*.st.s  nii  or  iiciir  tlicijround. 

Me. —  Un.satisfactorily  accn-diti'd  (Brun.swick). 

X.  11. —  Very  ran-  migrant:  Holli.s.  May  Ki,  1S76  {tiec  Isles  of 
Shoals). 

Mass. —  Wry  rare  spring  and  late  fall  migrant;  accidental  in 
wint»>r.  May  15  (Springfield);  Sept.  3()-Xov.  29  (Jan.  1,  1S75, 
Lynn). 

K.  I.— Wry  rare  .spring  and  late  fall  migrant:  Cranston,  Dec. 
3,  1874;  East  Providentv,  May  9,  1S91. 

Conn. —  Kan-  migrant.  May  S,  ISSS  (East  Hartford);  Oct.- 
Nov. 

342.  Hei-min  riioi'Hii.A  pkhecui.na  (Wilson)  Uidgway. 

Tennessee  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer..  1907,  j).  S3,  pi.  7,  figs.  1,  2. 
Sylvia  percyrina  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  ISll,  vol.  3,  p.  83,  pi.  25, 
fig.  2.     "hanks  of  the  Cumberland  river,  . . .  .Tennesee." 
Dense  thickets  and  edges  of  woods;    nests  near  the  ground. 

Me. —  Ran'  migrant  and  in  nortlu-rn  part,  a  ran-  sununer  resi- 
dent.    May  1.5-2G;    simimtT.     Eggs,  June  4. 

N.  H. —  Ran'  migrant  and  from  White  Mts.  north,  a  rare  local 
sumuH'r  n'sident   (Franconia,  Lake  Lmhagog).     May  2()-Si'pt.  9. 

Vt. —  Ran*  migrant  and  possible  siunmer  resident  (Mt.  Holly, 
two  pairs,  June,  1897,  almve  2(H)0  ft.). 

Ma.ss. —  Ran-  migrant  and  jto.ssibly  a  very  ran>  summer  n-sident 
(Mt.  Gn'vlock.  July  15  and  10,  1SS8;  ?  Springfield,  very  doubtful). 
May  10-30;  (July  15,  10);  Aug.-Sej.t.  10. 


186  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCIXES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     May  IS;  Sept.  18. 
Conn. —  Rare    migrant.     May    19-27    (June    8);     Sept.    24- 
(?  Nov.,  Clark). 

343.  CoMPSOTHLYPis  AMERICANA  USNEAE  Brewster. 

Northern  Parula  warbler;    Blue  yellow-backed  warbler;   Usnea 
warbler. 

Brewst.,  Auk,  1896,  vol.  13,  p.  44.  "Lake  Umbagog,  Maine." 
Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  104,  pi.  8,  fig.  1-3.  Egg, 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  3,  figs.  4,  5. 

Forests  and  open  tree  growth;  nests  in  pendulous  masses  of 
Usnea  lichen. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  local  summer  resident. 
May  5-Sept.  30.     Eggs,  :\Iay  31- June  17. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident 
below  3000  ft.     (Ai)ril  30)  ^lay  3-Oct.  1.     Eggs,  :\Iay  31-June  12. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
I\Iay  2-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  local  summer  resi- 
dent. (April  25)  May  1-Oct.  10  (Nov.  19,  1881,  Cambridge). 
Eggs,  May  30-July  5. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  local  summer  resident. 
April  30-Oct.  7.     Eggs,  June  2-5. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  local  summer  resi- 
dent. ISIay  2-Oct.  15  (Oct.  20).  Eggs,  (ISIay  18)  INIay  29- June 
22  (Aug.). 

344.  Dexdroica  tigrina  (Gmelin)  Baird. 
Cape  May  warbler. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  352.  Egg, 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  4,  fig.  15. 

Motacilla  tigrina  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  985. 
"Canada." 


AYES.  1S7 

rAS.SERES.  asciNES. 

MMOTILTIDAE. 

Si/lricola  maritinia  ^\  ils.  Andulioii,  IJinls  of  Aiikt.,  I '^  1 1 ,  vol. 
2.  p.  44.  pi.  S-,. 

N«>rtln'ni  conifi-rou.s  fon-sts  in  suiniiH  r.  ;iii<l  optii  trt'c  growth  in 
migration;  nest.s  in  trt'cs. 

Me.—  Kiin-  migrant  and  in  nortlu'rn  part  a  rare  .snn»nit'r  ri'sident. 
May  r>-24;  .sumnier-Aug.  22. 

.\.  11. —  Hare  migrant  ami  nortii  of  White  Mis.  a  rare  suinnicr 
resident  (Franconia.  .Inne  3).     May  lO-Sept. 

Vt. —  Ran-  migrant  ami  (?)  .summer  resident  (Mt.  Kiiiington, 
Ross). 

M.\s.s. —  Rare  migrant.  (May  2)  May  10-2');  Aug.  IS-Sept. 
15  (Oct.  9). 

R.I. —  Rare  migrant.      May  13-20;   Sej>t. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant.     May  S-20;    Aug.  28. 

345.     1)endroic.\  aestiva  ((unelin)  Raird. 

Yellow  warbler;  Cotton  wren;  Garden  warbler;  Golden 
warbler;  Spy-about;  Summer  yellow-bird;  Wild  canary; 
Yellow-belly;    Yellow-bird. 

Motacilla  ac.stira  (imel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  \>\.  2.  p.  lIDf.. 
"in  (Jujana,  aest.\te  IX  Canada." 

Si/lvicola  aestiva  (Gniel.).  Audnhon,  Birds  of  .\mer.,  1^11. 
vol.  2.  p.  50.  pi.  SS.     Kgg.  Capen,  ISNG,  j)l.  3,  fig.  11-14. 

On-liards.  shade  tn-es,  and  hushy  swamps;  nests  in  trees  and 
hushes. 

Me. —  Connnon  summer  irsident.  (.\pril  30)  May  3-Se|)t. 
10.     Kggs,  May  20-June  30  (.Inly). 

.\.  H. —  I'neoimnon  local  sunnner  residi-nl  of  valleys  and  holtom- 
lands;  ran-  from  White  Mts.  north.  May  4-Sept.  11.  Kggs, 
-June  7. 

Vt. —  Common  .sunnner  ix'sident  of  valleys  and  hottomlands. 
May  4-Sept. 

Mas.s. —  Common   migrant   and   summer  n-sident.     (A|)ril   23) 


188  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

May  1-Sept.  30  (Nov.  28,  1891,  Cambridge).  Eggs,  May  20- 
June  14. 

R.  I.— Common  summer  resident.  (April  17,  29)  May  1-Sept. 
Eggs,  May  25-June  4. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  30) 
May  1-Sept.     Eggs,  May  20-June  30. 

346.  Dendroica  caerulescens  (Gmelin)  Baird. 
Black-throated  blue  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  133,  pi.  9,  fig.  1-3. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  4,  fig.  1. 

Motacilla  caerulescens  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p. 
960.     "in  insula  S.  Dominici." 

Thickets  and  forest  undergrowth;   nests  near  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant,  and  less  common  summer  resident. 
May  4-late  Oct.     Eggs,  June  10. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant,  and  from  White  Mts.  north  a  less 
common  summer  resident,  becoming  rare  and  local  south.  May  10- 
Oct.  10.     Eggs,  June  19. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  northern  part.  Mav  5- 
fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  at  higher  elevations  of  western 
part  (Granville,  Russell,  and  north)  a  less  common  summer  resi- 
dent.    May  5- June  3;  summer;   Aug.  26-Oct.  11  (Nov.  3,  19). 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant.     May  14-22;  fall-Oct.  17. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  summer  resident  (Eastford, 
Litchfield).  (April  29)  May  10-summer;  Sept.-Oct.  19.  Eggs, 
June  6-13. 

347.  Dendroica  coronata  (Linne)  Gray. 

Myrtle   warbler;     Golden- crowned  warbler;    Willow  warbler; 
Yellow-rumped  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  141,  pi.  10,  fig.  1-3. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  4,  fig.  2-4. 


AVKS.  l;sy 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

Molarilla  cnrouata  Liiin^,  Syst.  iial.,  rd.  12,  ITCiCi,  vol.  1,  |).  333. 
"Pensylvaxia." 

Coniferous  woods,  and  in  nii<irati(tii,  oju-ii  tnr  jirowtli;  nests  in 
trees. 

Me. —  Common  mij;rant  and  south  to  Scarboro  a  less  comiuon 
summer  H'sident;  ran- winter  resident  (Cape  Elizahetli).  April  15- 
Oet.  30  (winter).     Epgs,  May  30-June  11. 

X.  II. —  Common  niii:rant  and  summer  resident,  local  south  of 
White  Mts.  (Mar.  o,  Mar.  20)  A])ril  23-May  2S;  summer;  Se|)t.- 
Oct.  23  (Nov.  30).     E^ps,  May  31 -June  7. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant,  and  uncommon  suunner  resident 
(south  to  Brattlehoro).     A|)ril  12-fall. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  mij.;ran(,  and  in  hifiher  parts  of  western  coun- 
ties an  uncommon  sununer  resident  (to  Mi.  Wachu.sett);  near  the 
coast  a  regular  local  winter  resident  in  small  numbers.  A|iril  13- 
May  30;  summer;   Aug.  21-Xov.  2G;  winter. 

R.  I. —  Common  mi<;rant  and  less  common  winter  resident. 
Sej)t.  7-May  10. 

Cow. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  winter  nsidcnt. 
April  S-May  20:  Sept.  20-\ov.  10;   winter. 

348.  1  )i..\i)K(ti(A  AiDiHoM  riownsend)  Baird.  • 

Audubon's  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  Xo.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  147,  pi.  10,  fig.  4-0. 
Si/ln'a   auduhoni  Towns.,    Journ.    acad.    nat.   sci.    Phila.,    1S37, 

vol.   7,   p.    I'.ll.       "l<)KE.STS  OF  THE  COLUMBIA    HIVEU." 

Coniferous  woods;   nests  in  tn.*es. 

Ma.s.s. —  Accidental  visitor:  Cambridge,  Xov.  ].'),  ls7(;. 
Conn. —  Doubtfully  recorded:    Xew  Haven,  Mav  (i  and  S.  1S<»3 
(A.  II.  Venill). 

349.  Uendhora  ma(;n()I.ia  (WiLson)  A.  D.  U.  comm. 
Magnolia  warbler;   Black  and  yellow  warbler;   Spotted  warbler. 

Si/lvia  nuirjuolin  Wilson.   Auk  r.  (irnith.,   IMl,  vol.  3,  |).  03,  pi. 


190  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

23,  fig.  2.  "banks  of  the  Little  Miami  near  its  jlxctiox 
WITH  THE  Ohio";  and  "not  far  from  fort  Adams  on  the 
INIississippi." 

Dendroica  maculosa  (Gmel.).  Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer., 
1907,  p.  121,  pi.  11,  fig.  1-3.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  4,  figs.  12,  14. 

Coniferous  and  mixed  thickets  near  streams  in  summer,  wood- 
lands generally  in  migration;   nests  in  low  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northern  part  a  less  common 
summer  resident.     May  6-Sept.  2G.     Eggs,  INIay  30-June  16. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant;  uncommon  local  summer  resident 
south  of  White  ISIts.,  commoner  north,  to  3000  ft.  May9-0ct.  3. 
Eggs,  May  24-June  20. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  local  summer  resident. 
May  14-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northwestern  counties  a  less 
common  local  summer  resident.  (May  4)  May  7-30;  summer; 
Aug.  25-Oct.  9.     Eggs,  June  15. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.     May  14-25;   Sept.-Oct.  8. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant.     May  9-Junc  1;  Sept.  15-Oct.  1. 

350.     Dendroica  cerulea  (Wilson)  Baird. 

Cerulean  warbler. 

Chaimian,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  170,  pi.  9,  fig.  4-6. 
Sylvia  caemlea  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  ISIO,  vol.  2,  p.  141,  pi.  17, 
fig.  5.     "Pennsylvania." 
High  tree  tops;  nests  in  trees. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:    Cohasset,  1874. 

R.  I. —  Accidental  visitor:  Lonsdale,  May  14,  1893;  Pawtucket, 
May  22,  1879;   Providence,  May  22,  1878. 

Conn.— Accidental  visitor:  Seymour,  May  10,  1888;  Stratford, 
April,  1841;   Suffield,  June  12,  1875. 


AVKS.  1<J1 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MXIOTILTIDAE. 

351.  Dkndkoica  I'KNSYLVAxica  (Liuni-)  Bainl. 

Chestnut-sided  warbler. 

Chapman.  WarhK-r.s  No.  AiiuT.,  1907,  |».  !>>7.  pi.  iL',  fi^.  4-0. 
Epg.  Capcn.  1880.  pi.  4.  W^s.  11.  12. 

Mofacilla  jjcnsi/lvanira  Liiin<?,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  111.  1700,  vol.  1, 
p.  333.     "i\  Pex.sylvama." 

Brushy  thickct.s,  clearing.s.  and  .sproutlaiids;  nests  in  low  lui-shcs. 

Me. —  Common  mijjrant  and  suinmor  rcsidoni.  May  G-Scpt.  8. 
Egps,  June  4-July  4. 

X.  H. —  Common  mi<:rant  and  summer  resident,  mainly  at 
lower  elevations.     May  0-Sept.  25.     Eggs,  May  2()-June  0. 

\'t. —  Vonunon  migrant  and  summer  resident.     Eggs,  June  0. 

Ma.ss. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  28, 
1908,  Stoughton)  May  2-Sei)t.  20.     Eggs,  May  20-June  17. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  1-Sej)t.  7. 
Eggs,  May  22-Junc  4. 

CoN.v. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  4-Si'])t. 
Eggs,  May  23- June  15. 

352.  Dendroica  .stkfata  (Forster)  Baird. 
Black-poll  warbler;    Autumnal  warbler. 

Chapman.  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  100,  j)l.  2,  fig.  1-3. 
Egg.  CaixMi,  188(j,  |il.  I,  figs.  7,  S. 

MuM'icajm  .s-triata  Forst..  Phil,  trans,  roy.  .soc.  London,  1772, 
vol.  02,  |)|).  400,  428.     "Seveh.x  Uivek.  .  .  .ad  Si.ni  m  Hid.som.s." 

Spruce  and  fir  forests  in  summer,  and  tree  growth  generally  in 
migrations;    nests  in  low  trees. 

Me. —  Conunon  njigrant,  and  in  nortlu'rn  |)art,  a  eonimon  sum- 
mer H'sident.  May  0-June  9;  sununer-Oet.  10.  Eggs.  June 
15-early  July. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  from  White  Mts.  north,  a  com- 


192  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

mon  summer  resident  mainly  above  3000  ft.  May  8-Oct.  10. 
Eggs,  June  28. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant,  and  on  higlier  mountains  an  uncommon 
summer  resident   (Killington  Peak,  Mt.  Mansfield,  Stratton  Mt.). 

Mass. —  Common  migrant ;  may  breed  rarely  (young  at  North 
Adams,  August).  (April  15)  May  8- June  14;  (Aug.  17,  1886, 
Concord)  Sept.  1-Nov.  7. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant.  ]May  10-31  (June  17);  Sept.  3-Oct. 
23. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant.     May  11- June  5;  Sept.  10-Oct.  26. 

353.     Dendroica  blackburxiae  (Gmelin)  Baird. 
Blackbumian  warbler;    Hemlock  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  175,  pi.  3,  figs.  1,  2. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  4,  figs.  5,  6. 

Motacilla  blackburniae  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p. 
977.     "in  Noveboraco." 

High  coniferous  and  mixed  woods,  especially  hemlock  and  white 
pine;  nests  in  tree  tops. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  in  southern  counties,  elsewhere  an  uncom- 
mon local  summer  resident.  (May  4)  ]May  6-Sept.  17.  Eggs, 
June  5-15. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident  south  of  White  Mts., 
thence  commoner  up  to  3000  ft.  (May  3)  May  8-Sept.  10.  Eggs, 
June  4-15. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident.  (May  2)  IMay  7- 
summer. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant  and  summer  resident  in  eastern,  com- 
moner in  northwestern  part.  (^lay  2)  May  6-30;  summer;  Sept. 
7-23  (Oct.  10).     Eggs,  June  5-26. 

R.I. —  Uncommon  migrant.     ]May  14;  Sept.-Oct. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  summer  resident.  INIay  5- 
27;  summer;  Sept.  15-Oct.  3  (Nov.  8,  1907,  New  Haven). 


AVES.  193 

PA86ERE8.  OSCIXES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

35-1.     1)i;m)Ik»ka  castanka  (Wilson j  Bainl. 
Bay-breasted  warbler. 

Chapinan.  WarMrrs  .NO.  Aiiicr..  l'.)()7.  |).  I'.L'.  |)1.  12,  fifj.  1-3. 
Egg.  CaiHMi.  ISSO.  |)|.  4.  figs.  <).  10. 

Si/lria  ra.ttanra  Wil.s.,  Aincr.  oniitli.,  ISIO,  vol.  2,  \k  '.17,  ]»1.  14, 
fig.  4.     "Pkn.vsylva.nia." 

Spruci'  and  fir  forests  in  summer,  tree  tops  generally  in  migration; 
nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Rare  migrant  and  in  northern  part  a  rare  summer  resident. 
(May  S)  May  1 4 -Aug.     Eggs,  June  8-15. 

N.  H. —  Uneommon  migrant  and  from  White  .Mts.  north  an 
uncommon  summer  resident  from  2— 4000  ft.  May  14-Sept. 
Eggs,  June  3. 

\'t. —  Rare  migrant. 

Ma.ss. —  Usually  rare,  but  .sometimes  common  migrant.  May  S— 
May  28  (June  19;  July  2,  Springfield) ;  Aug.  23-Oct.  8. 

H.  I.      I  iicommon  migrant.     May  9-     ;  Sept. 

Conn. —  Migrant,  irregularly  rare  or  common.  May  1.5-30; 
Sept.  30-()ct.  17. 

355.     Dkndkoica  do.mimca  (Linn^)  Baird. 

Yellow-throated  warbler. 

Chai)man.  Warblers  .\...  .\rner.,  1907,  j).  180,  pi.  13,  figs.  1.  2. 
Motaril/a  duminira  lAwnC',  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17(»(»,  vol.  1.  |).  334. 
" Ja.maica,  Do.mi.mca." 

'Vm-  growth  bordering  streams  or  l)ayous;   nests  in  trees. 

Vt. —  Recorded  from  Lunenl)urg,  1878. 

Ma.ss. —  Accidental  visitor:  Dedham,  Nov.  4,  ISGC;  Springfield, 
May.  1892. 

Cow. —  Accidental  visitor:  Connecticut  valley,  "several"; 
New  Haven. 


194  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

356.  Dendroica  virens  (Gmelin)  Baird. 
Black-throated  green  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  157,  pi.  14,  fig.  1-3. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  3,  fig.  15. 

MotaciUa  virens  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  985. 
"  Pensilvania." 

Forest  trees,  particularly  white  pines;  nests  in  coniferous  trees 
(once  "on  the  ground,"  Brewster). 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  April  28-Oct. 
13.     Eggs,  May  30- July  1. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  mainly  below 
3000  ft.     (April  26)  May  1-Oct.  25.     Eggs,  June  2. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     May  2-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  20) 
May  1-Oct.  19  (Nov.  3).     Eggs,  May  30-June  18. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  25) 
May  1-Oct.  13.     Eggs,  June  10. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  local  summer  resi- 
dent. (April  27)  May  1-23;  summer;  Sept.  15-Oct.  20.  Eggs, 
May  21-June  18. 

357.  Dendroica  vigorsii  (Audubon)  Stejneger. 
Pine  warbler;   Pine-creeping  warbler. 

Sylvia  vigorsii  Aud.,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1832,  vol.  1,  p.  153,  pi.  30. 
"a  small  island  of  Perkioming  Creek, ...  .Pennsylvania." 

Sylvicola  pinus  Lath.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  2, 
p.  37,  pi.  82.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  5,  figs.  2,  3. 

Coniferous  woods,  especially  })itch-pine  groves;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  local  summer  resident 
mainly  in  southern  counties.     April  .5-Oct.  21.     Eggs,  June-July  6. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident  north  to  White  Mts. 
April  6-Sept.  30. 


AVES.  1 9.5 

I'ASMERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

Vt. —  rncoiiiniDii  local  sumiiH-r  ri'sidi-iil  in  soutluTii  pari.  April 
17-fall. 

Mass. —  Coiniium  ini^raiii  ami  >iiiiiiiu'r  re.sitlent;  acfidciital  in 
wiiinr.  (Mar.  29)  A|)ril  1-Xov.  25  (winter).  Efigs,  May  (S-.Iune 
16;  .July  (2(1  hrood). 

R.  I. —  Common  .sinnmrr  n-sideiit  of  j>itch-pin('  jjrovcs.  April 
0-( )(t.  29  (Nov.  15).     Ek^s,  May  25. 

Co.W. —  Common  mijjrant  and  snninitr  rcNidiiii.  April  11- 
St'pt.  29. 

35.S.     Dendkoica  palmarum  (Gnulin)  Hainl. 

Palm  warbler;    Redpoll  warbler. 

Chapman.   \Varl)lor.s  No.  Anur.,  l'JU7,  p.  2l'.i,  pi.   10,  figs.  4,  5. 
Motncilhi  /mhn/irum  (Jmcl.,  Sy.st.  nat.,  178S,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  951. 

"in    INSI  l.A    .'^.    DoMINK'I." 

( )|)<'n  fn'c  or  hn.shy  growth,  and  edges  of  ficld.s;  ne.sts  on  the 
ground. 

.\.  II.  liiconunon  fall  migrant  (a  doubtful  .s|)ring  ri-'tord, 
Manclu'.stfr.  May  9,   1900).     Sept.  7-10. 

Vt. —  Hart"  fall  migrant. 

M\s.s.— Han-  fall  migrant.  S('|)t.  7-Oct.  2S  (Dec.  0.  1902, 
H.linont). 

H.  I.— Kaiv  fall  migrant:    Westerly,  Sept.  21,  1S90. 

Conn. —  Rare  fall  migrant;  once  n'conled  in  winter  (Jan.  1.S.S0, 
at  New  Haven).     Sept.  19-()et.  10  (Jan.). 

:i5!».       Dk.NDKOK'A   I'AI.MAKl'.M   HYPOCHRYSEA    RidgWaV. 

Yellow   palm  warbler;     Twitch-tail  warbler;     Yellow    redpoll 
warbler. 

Ri.igw..  Rnll.  Xnttall  ornith.  club,  1S76,  vol.  1,  |).  85.  "Cam- 
iiRii)(;E,  Ma.s.s." 

Siflrirola  jxUchin  \m\\\.  .\udubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  IStl, 
vol.  2.  [>.  55.  pi.  <K). 


196  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

Swamps',  edges  of  woods,  or  ojjcn  country;  nests  on  or  near  the 
ground. 

Me.^  Common  spring  and  uncommon  tall  migrant  and  local 
summer  resident.  April  11-May  20;  summer;  Sept.  17-Oct.  20 
(Oct.  27,  Nov.  2).     Eggs,  May  27- June  26. 

N.  H. —  Common  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  April  13- 
May  11;   Sept.  16-Oct.  9. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant. 

Mass. —  Common  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant ;  said  to 
have  wintered.  (Mar.  28,  1908,  Hyde  Park;  April  5)  April  13- 
May  21;  Sept.  5-Oct.  26. 

R.  I. —  Common  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  April  5- 
22;   Sept.  15-26. 

Conn. —  Common  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.  April  9- 
May  5;   Oct.  18-Nov.  4. 

360.     Dendroica  discolor  (Vieillot)  Baird. 
Prairie  warbler. 

Chapman,  Handb.  birds  east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  364.  Egg, 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  5,  fig.  1. 

Sylvia  discolor  Vieill.,  Hist.  nat.  ois.  Amer.  Sept.,  1807,  vol.  2, 
p.  37,  pi.  98.     "Etats-Unis  et  les  grands  !les  Antilles." 

Sylvicola  discolor  (Vieill.).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  2,  p.  68,  pi.  97. 

Dry  bush-grown  fields  and  sproutlands ;   nests  in  bushes. 

N.  H. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  in  southern  part  (Hollis. 
Manchester). 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:   Uxbridge,  Dec.  4,  1884. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  summer  resident,  mainly  near  coast;  acci- 
dental in  winter  (South  Yarmouth,  Jan.  2,  1909).  May  2-Sept. 
25  (Jan.  2).     Eggs,  May  2S-June  18. 

R.  I. —  Common  local  summer  resident.  May  4-Sept.  (Dec. 
4,  1884,  Providence).     Eggs,  May  27- June  14. 


AVE8.  197 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

.MMoril.TIDAE. 

Cow. —  rucoininon  sunimcr  resident.  (A|)ril  27)  May  1- 
S<'|)i.  1 .").     H^';:>.  May  27  .Iiinr  2."). 

361.     Sehris  ArKorAPii.Ms  (Linn^)  Swain.soii. 
Oven-bird;    Golden-crowned  thrush. 

( 'li:i|>iiiaii.  llaiiill).  l>inl>  cast.  NH.  Aiiicr.,  ISO.'),  p.  ;^().');  .MItii, 
Auk,  IS'.H,  vol.  11,  |)l.  2.     H<r<;,  in\Ku,  issd,  pi.  o.  (ij;,s.  I,  .'). 

Motarllla  aiirorapil/a  Liiiiu',  Syst.  nat..  ed.  12.  17()(),  vol.  1,  p. 
334.     "i.\  Pe\.syiaa.m.\." 

Fore.st.s  and  firovt's;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Coniiiioii  Mii<.;ram  and  summer  resident.  (A|)ril  23) 
May  r>-Sej)t.  2S.     K^^s,  May  30  .lune  10  (.luly  29). 

N.  11.  —Common  mii;rant  ami  >iiiiiiiicr  resident  below  3000  ft. 
May  3-()et.  2.     Kjj^s,  .luiie  2-.Iuly  .'). 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  .5-fall. 
Ejj^'s.  .Tune  7. 

Ma.s.s. —  Common  mi<;rant  and  summer  resident.  (April  30) 
May  2-Sept.  27  (Dee.  30,  ISSJ,  \Vai(  rtown).  Kfrcrs,  May  17- 
June  1()  (July  S). 

U.  I. —  Common  mijjranl  and  summer  resident.  May  2- 
Sept.  28.     Eggs,  May  19-30. 

Coxx. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  (April  20) 
May  3-Sept.     Eggs,  May  20-.Iuly  10. 

302.     Ski  IK  IS  novehokacensis  (Cmelin)  Bonaparte. 

Water-thrush;    New  York  Accentor;    Northern  water-thrush; 
Wagtail  warbler;    Water  wagtail. 

Ridgway.  Hull.  .">().  V .  S.  nat.  mus.,  1902,  pt.  2,  p.  012.  Egg, 
Capen,  iSSf).  1)1.  '),  figs.  0.  7. 

Motnrilla  iioi'phorarrn.ii.s  (Jmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  17SS,  V(»l.  1,  pt.  2, 
|).  9.)S.       "in    Lofl.SIANA,    &   N'oVEMOKACI  SKIMIUS." 

T Urdus  (tquatirus  Wils.  .\udul)on,  (  )rnitli.  l)iogr.,  1n;{9,  vol.  .'>, 
p.  2S1,  pi.   133,  fig.  7. 


198  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

Swampy  woods  and  borders  of  streams;  nests  on  the  ground  or 
among  tree  roots. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northern  part  a  less  common 
local  summer  resident.  (April  28)  May  6-Sept.  25.  Eggs,  May 
28-June  23. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident, 
local  at  lower  elevations  south  of  White  Mts.  (April  30)  May  3- 
Sept.  26. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant,  and  mainly  in  northern  part,  a  less  com- 
mon summer  resident. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  local  summer  resident 
(near  Boston,  Lancaster).  (April  25)  May  2-June  5;  summer; 
Aug.  1-Oct.  16.     Eggs,  May  21. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  local  summer  resident  (Wash- 
ington Co.).  May  7-(summer);  Aug.  12-Sept.  15.  Eggs,  May 
19,  20. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant.     (May  1)  INIay  5-27;  Aug.-Oct.  18. 

363.  Seiurus  noveboracensis  notabilis  (Ridgway)  Ridgway. 

Griimell's  water-thrush. 

Siurns  naevius  notabilis  Ridgw.,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1880, 
vol.  3,  p.  12.     "Black  Hills,  Wyoming." 

Vicinity  of  streams;  nests  on  or  near  the  ground. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant:  East  Haven,  Sept.  21,  1904;  Hamden, 
Sept.  7,  1904;  Orange,  INIay  20,  1905  (Bishop). 

364.  Seiurus  motacilla  (Vieillot)  Bonaparte. 
Louisiana  water-thrush;    Large-billed  water-thrush. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1902,  pt.  2,  p.  639. 

T^irdus  motacilla  \'ieill.,  Hist.  nat.  ois.  Amer.  Sept.,  1807,  vol.  2, 
p.  9,  pi.  65.    "Kentucky." 

Turdus  hidoincianu^  Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1831,  vol.  1,  p. 
99,  pi.  19.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  5,  fig.  8. 


AVKs.  l<jy 

PAivSKRES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

\V(»(kK'(1  borders  of  streams;  nests  on  the  ground  or  among  tree 
roots. 

Mk. —  Arcidental  visitor:  Norway.  May.  ISfjo  (tiec  Waterville, 
1805). 

N.  H.—  I)oul)tfully  recorded  (DuMin). 

Vt.—  I)oul)tfully  n'corded  (Brattlrlmro.  "fall"). 

M.\S.s. —  Rare  vi.sitor  and  summer  ri'sident  (Berkshire  Co.  and 
Connectieut  valley).     \\m\  i:^-.Iuly  2S. 

R.  I. —  Rare  summer  resident.     May  2.     Hi,'^'s,  May  15-28. 

Cow. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  in  southern  part.  (Feb. 
15,   18S2,    ?  Saybrook)  April   lij-.hiiy.     K^'<,'s,  May  ti-.June  10. 

305.     Oi'onoK.Ni.s  i-()RMOs.\  (Wilson)  Baird. 

Kentucky  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  235,  pi.  18,  figs.  1,  2. 
Stjlvia  fonnom  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1811,  vol.  3.  p.  85,  pi.  25, 
fig.  3.     "Kk.ntlckv  .\\d  Te.\\e.ssee." 

Undergrowth  of  .swampy  woods;   nests  on  or  near  the  ground. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor:  Lunenburg.  May  30,  1005;  also  a 
former  doubtful  R'cord  (Taftsvillc,  May  10,  1SS4). 

Ma.s.s. —  Accidental  visitor:  NVelleslev,  Mav  14.  1007;  also 
doubtfully  recorded  from  Lynn. 

R.  \. —  Accidental  visitor:   Newport,  spring  of  ISOO. 

Conn. —  Rare  summer  visitor  (Lyme;  SufHeld,  .\ug.  1(),  1870; 
West  Stratford,  May  30,  18.S8)  and  summer  ri'sident  ((ireenwich, 
with  nestlings.  July  10.  1892). 

30<).     OpoRORMS  ACJiLi.s  (Wilson)  Baird. 

Connecticut  warbler. 

Chapman,  Warltlcrs  No.  .\mer.,  VM)7,  p.  241,  \A.  18,  figs.  3,  4. 
Sylrifi  (ifjilin  Wils.,  .\mcr.  ornith..   1S12.   vol.  5.   p.  04.  pi.  39, 
fig.  4.     "Connecticut." 


200  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTID.AE. 

Tamarack  swamps,  and  in  migration,  clamp  woods  and  thickets; 

nests  on  the  (i;r()un(L 

Me.—  Rare  fall  migrant.  Sept.  5-20  (nee  Aug.  30,  1878,  Cape 
Elizabeth). 

N.  H.—  Rare  fall  migrant.     Sept.  6-Oct.  1 1 . 

Vt. —  Rare  (?  spring  and)  fall  migrant.  (?  Brattleboro,  INIay; 
?  Rutland,  April  24,  1879);  Sept.  20-30. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  fall  migrant  ( ?  accidental  in  spring).  (^lay 
1890,  West  Newton,  >V/c  :Maynard);  Sept.  7-Oct.  9. 

R.  I.— Uncommon  fall  migrant.     Sept.  24-Oct.  2  (Nov.  12). 

Conn. —  Accidental  spring  and  uncommon  fall  migrant.   (Spring, 
Saybrook;   /?fc  New  Haven);  Se{)t.  15-Oct.  10. 

367.     Opororxis  Philadelphia  (Wilson)  Ridgway. 
Mourning  warbler. 

Sijlvia  Philadelphia  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1810,  vol.  2,  p.  101, 
pi.  14,  fig.  (3.     "within  a  few  miles  of  Philadelphia." 

Trichas  phikidelphia  (Wils.).  De  Kay,  Zool.  New  York,  1844, 
vol.  2,  p.  81,  pi.  54,  fig.  122.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  5,  figs.  12,  13. 

Tangles  of  bushes,  vines,  and  briers;  nests  on  or  near  the  ground. 

ISIe. —  Uncommon  migrant,  and  in  northern  part  an  uncommon 
summer  resident.     (May  16)  May  24-fall.     Eggs,  June  10-16. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  from  White  Mts.  north  an 
uncommon  summer  resident.     May  19-Sept.  13.     Eggs,  June  8. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  summer  resident  south  to 
Londonderry.     iMay  20-Sept.  20. 

Mass. —  Rare  migrant  and  in  Berkshire  Co.,  a  rare  summer 
resident.     (May  14)  May  21-June  13;  summer;  Sept.  12-30. 

R.  I. —  Rare  migrant.     May  21-June  5;  Sept.  4. 

Conn. —  Rare  migrant.     May  12-27;    fall. 


AVRS.  201 

PASSERES.  OSCINKS. 

MNIOTII/nnAE. 

3rvS.     GrdTHi.vris  Titun  \s  (I^imk'')  CaWatiis. 

Maryland  yellowthroat;    Black-masked   ground  warbler;    Yel- 
lowthroat. 

TunliiA  trirhas  Lium',  Syst.   nat..  <i|.    ji'.    I7(l(»,   vol.    1.   p.  2<)3. 

"in   AmKHK  a  SKITENTIIIONAI.I." 

Grnfhhipin  trichas  hrarliidarfi/la  (Swains.).  Chapiiiaii,  Warhlors 
No.  Amcr.,  1*.>()7,  |>.  2.')!.  pi.  I'd,  fi^'.  3-').  Kjrj;.  Capcii,  issCi.  pi.  .">, 
fip.  0-11. 

Wc«'(|  patches  ami  thickets  near  water;  nests  (m  or  near  the 
protind. 

Me. —  Common  mi^jrant  and  snininer  R-sident.  May  O-Oct. 
13  (Oft.  22).     K^rfrs,  May  2S-.Fiin<-  12. 

X.  H. —  Conjinon  nii<;rant  and  suinnier  resident  at  lower  eleva- 
tion.s.     May  (i  ()ct.  7.     K^f^s,  Jinie  3-21. 

Vt. —  Common  injirrant  and  sinnmer  ri'sident.     1"V^^>,  'Iinie  2. 

Mas.s. —  Common  mi<j;rant  and  >uninier  resident;  accidental  in 
winter.  (April  30)  May  2-Oct.  21  (winter).  ?:j;<js,  May  24- 
June  17. 

It.  I. —  Common  mijjrant  and  .summer  resident,  (.\pril  22)-Oct. 
17.     Egp.s,  May  25-.Iune  5. 

Cow. —  Common  mi<:rant  and  sunnner  resident.  iA|)ril  29) 
Muy4-Xov.  1.     y^iiiis.  May  22  June  IS. 

369.     IcTKKiA  viKKXs  (Linn^')  Baird. 

Yellow-breasted  chat;    Ghost-bird    Imlian);    Yellow  chat. 

.\iidnl)(.n,  Hirds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4,  |).  102.  pi.  214.  Kgg, 
(apen,  iSSt;,  pi.  '),  fi^s.  14,  15. 

Tiirdii.f  rirrn.t  I.iim^*,  Syst.  nat..  ed.  10,  1 7.")S.  \,,\.  I,  p.  171. 
".\mkki(a." 

Bushy  thicki'fs;   nests  in  low  hushes. 

Me. —  Accidental  visitor  ih\c  iustancesj.     .Iiuie  G  -( )(i.  ,'), 


202  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

N.  H. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Vt. —  Very  rare  summer  resident  in  extreme  south :  Pownall, 
June  16,  1896. 

Mass. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  near  coast  and  in  western 
valleys.  May  10-Sept.  10  (Oct.  26,  1907,  Ljnnfield).  Eggs, 
May  18-June  18. 

R.  1. —  Locally  common  summer  resident  in  southern  part.  May 
3-Aug.  5.     Eggs,  May  31- June  13. 

Conn. —  Locally  common  summer  resident.  May  5-Aug. 
Eggs,  May  22-Juiy  7. 

370.  WiLSONiA  ciTRiNA  (Boddaert)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 
Hooded  warbler. 

Muscicapa  citrina  Bodd.,  Tabl.  d.  planch,  enlum.  d'hist.  nat., 
1783,  p.  41.     Based  on  Buffon. 

Wilsonia  mifrata  (Gmel.).  Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer., 
1907,  p.  269,  pi.  21,  fig.  1-3.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  6,  fig.  1. 

Undergrowth  of  woods;  nests  in  bushes. 

Me. —  Accidental  ^^sitor:    Falmouth,  Sept.  10,  1904. 

Vt. —  Doubtfully  recorded. 

Mass. —  Rare  visitor;  possibly  breeding  in  southwestern  valleys. 
May  8-Oct.  15  (June  25, 1879,  Brookline;  June  25,  1888,  Province- 
town). 

R.  L — Accidental  \isitor:  Kingston. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  of  laurel  undergrowth. 
May  2-Sept.     Eggs,  May  25-June  24. 

371.  Wilsonia  pusilla  (Wilson)  Bonaparte. 

Wilson's  warbler;    Black-capped  flycatching  warbler;   Wilson's 
blackcap. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  274,  pi.  22,  figs.  1,  2. 
Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  6,  fig.  2. 


AVES.  203 

PASSERES.  OSCLNES. 

MMOTILTIDAE. 

Mujtrirapa  pusiUa  Wils.,  AnuT.  (jrnitli.,  Isll,  vol.  !{,  |i.  103, 
pi.  2(».  Hp.  4.  "southern  State.s,  and.... New  .Jersey  and 
Delawake." 

BiLsliy  jjrowtli  near  streani.s  or  in  .swamps;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  I  iiconinion  nuj;rant  and  sununer  rt'sidcnt  (south  to 
Pittsfirld).  May  7-June  5;  summer;  Aug.  IS-Sept.  11  (Oct.). 
Ejrj;s.  May  31-June  19. 

N.  II. —  Uneommon  migrant  and  n(jrth  of  White  Mts.  a  rare 
loeal  summer  resident  (Lancaster).  May  0-29;  (summer); 
Aug.  15-Oit.  3.     Kggs,  June  C. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant;    (?summer).     May  17;    .\ug.  24. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant.  May  7-30  (.hiiic  1);  Aug.  23- 
Sept.  27  (Nov.  20,  1S9S,  li.  Imont). 

U.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant.     May  15-22;    Sept.   (Nov.  30). 

Conn. —  Uncommon  migrant.     May  10-2.^;  Sept.  27. 

372.     WiLsoNiA  canadensis  (Linn^)  Coues. 

Canadian  warbler;    Canada  flycatcher. 

Chapman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  2S0,  |)1  22,  fig.  3-5. 
Egg.  CaiK-n,  188G,  pi.  0.  figs.  3,  4. 

Muscicapa  canadensis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17<»(»,  vol.  1, 
p.  327.     "Canada." 

Wet  wocxis  or  thickets  along  streams;  nests  on  or  near  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  25, 
Bangor;  May  7)  May  10-S<'i)t.  12.     Kggs,  May  30. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  less  conunon  local  summer 
resident  Ixdow  30(X)  ft.     May  13-Sei)t.  13.     Kggs.  .lune  9-13. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  le.ss  common  local  summer  n-sidcnt. 
May  1.5-fall. 

M.\.ss. —  Common  migrant  and  le.ss  common  summer  n'sident 
mainly  in  western  part.     May  9-.S»'pt.  29.     Kggs,  June  9-2fi. 

U.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  uncommon  local  sununer  n-sident. 
Mav  11-fall. 


204  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MNIOTILTIDAE. 

Conn. —  Common  migmnt  and  rare  local  summer  resident 
(Portland).      (May  G)  May  12-fall.     E<rjr.s,  May  30. 

373.  Setophaga  ruticilla  (Linne)  Swainson. 
American  redstart. 

Chajiman,  Warblers  No.  Amer.,  1907,  p.  287,  pi.  23,  fig.  1-3. 
Egg,  Capen,  1SS6,  pi.  6,  fig.  5. 

Motacilla  ruticilla  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  186. 
"America." 

Orchards,  shade  and  forest  trees;   nests  in  trees. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  4-Oct.  1 
(Oct.  13).     Eggs,  June  2-30. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  below  3000  ft. 
May  4-Oct.  5.     Eggs,  May  30- June  13. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.     May  8-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  13, 
23,  30)  May  4-Oct.  12  (Nov.  1,  1908,  Arnold  arboretum).  Eggs, 
May  29-June  21. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  May  1-Sept.  8. 
Eggs,  June  1-13. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  jNIay  3- 
Oct.  16  (Oct.  26).     Eggs,  INIay  20-June  27. 

MOTACILLIDAE. 

374.  Anthus  rubescens  (Tunstall)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 
American  pipit;    Brown  lark;    Titlark;    Wagtail. 

Alauda  ruhescens  Tunstall,  Ornith.  Britannica,  1771,  p.  2. 
No  locality;  based  on  Red  lark  from  London  and  North  America 
{fide  Oberholser). 

Anthus  pensilvaniciis  (Lath.).  Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat. 
mus.,  1904,  pt.  3,  p.  12. 

Anthus  pipiens  Audubon,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1832,  vol.  1,  pi.  80. 


AVES.  205 

rAssi:Ri-:s.  osc'INEs. 

MOTAClI.I.lDAi:. 
Harn'ii  j;r«)Uiul.s,  Hflds  and  sea  coasts;  nests  on  tlu'  ground. 

Me. —  Rart'  sprinj;  and  coniinon  fall  inij^rant.  May  2-18  (June 
1.  1007.  I.uIh'c);   S«-i)t.  l.VOct.  2.')  (IVc  \:i  IKOl.  Si-j;nin  Id.). 

N.  II.  Ivart' spring  and  t'onmion  fall  inij^raiit.  .\pril  3-May  10; 
Sept.   lo-Nov. 

Vt. —  Ran*  s|)rinj;  and  uncommon  fall  migrant. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  spring  and  common  fall  migrant;  acci- 
dental in  winter  (Boston  Harl)()r,  Fcl).  2.j,  1SS2;  Ne\vl)uryport, 
Jan.  4,  1S7S).  Ajjril  IS-May  20  (.lunc  S);  (Aug.  29,  1888,  Mon- 
onioy  Id.)  Sept.  10-Xov.  24  (winter). 

R.  I. —  Ran'  spring  and  common  fall  migrant.  Mar.  2U-May 
15;   Sept.  ir»-Xov.  28. 

CoNX. —  Rare  s|)ring  and  conunon  fall  migrant.  A|)rilMay; 
Sept.  15-Nov.  14  (Dec.  25,  1908,  South  Xorwalk). 

.Ml.MIDAi:. 

375.     MiMUS  POI.YGLOTTOS  (Linn^)  Bona|)arte. 

Mockingbird. 

Chapman,  Handl).  hirds  ea.st.  No.  Amer.,  1805,  p.  ."^77;  Bird- 
life,  1898.  pi.  m.     Kgg.  ('ai)en,  1880.  pi.  1.  fig.  8-10. 

Turdus  poli/ylottos  Liim^,  Syst.  nat.,  eil.  10,  1758,  vol.  1.  p.  1(»0. 

\  IKGI.MA. 

Thickets  and  den.se  tree  clumps;   nests  in  hushes  or  tn'cs. 

Me. —  Occasional  visitor  at  all  seasons  or  escajK';  said  to  have 
hred  at  Ix-etls  ahout  1885. 

N.  n. —  Acci(h-ntal  visitor  or  esca|M':    Hampton;    Milford. 

Vt. —  Accidental  visitor  or  esca|)e;  j)air  nested  ai  Lunenhurg, 
1884. 

Ma.s.s.  -  ( )((asional  visitor  ai  all  srasons  orescajM';  rare  summer 
n-sidcnt  (.\rlington.  (iroton.  Marshfidd.  ?  Provincctown.  .'~^|iring- 
ficld).     Kggs,  .lune  i;}-20. 

R.  I. —  Occasional  visitor  at  all  sea.sons  (or  escaiK'). 


206  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

MIMIDAE. 

Conn. —  Rare  summer  resident  (more  frequent  formerly) ; 
occasional  visitor  (or  escape)  at  all  seasons.  Eggs,  June  20  (Jewett 
City). 

376.  DuMETELLA  CAROLiNENSis  (Liniie)  A.  O.  U.  comm. 
Catbird;   Pussy. 

Muscicapa  carolinetisis  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1, 
p.  328.     "Carolina." 

Orfheus  caroUnensis  (Linne).  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  2,  p.  195,  pi.  140.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  1,  fig.  11. 

Bushy  thickets  near  Avater;   nests  in  bushes  or  among  vines. 

Me. —  Common  summer  resident,  mainly  of  southern  counties. 
May  17-Oct.  4.     Eggs,  June  2-17;   July  (2d  brood). 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  north  to  White  Mt.  valleys; 
accidental  in  early  winter  (Concord,  Dec.  3,  1901;  Wilton,  Dec.  25, 
1904).  May6-Oct.  14  (Dec.  25).  Eggs,  June  6-July  28  (?2d 
brood). 

Vt. —  Common  summer  resident. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident;  accidental  in  winter. 
(April  13,  1908,  Westwood)  April  29-Oct.  16  (Dec;  winter  1908- 
09,  Forest  Hills).     Eggs,  May  22- June  20. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  and  casual  winter  resident.  (April 
24)-Oct.  13  (Dec.  28-Mar.  4,  Mar.  19).     Eggs,  May  25- June  10. 

Conn. —  Common  svmimer  resident.  ^lay  3-Nov.  4.  Eggs, 
May  17-23;  July  26  (2d  brood). 

377.  ToxosTOMA  RUFUM  (Linne)  Cabanis. 

Brown   thrasher;     Brown   thrush;     Mavis;     Mocking   thrush; 
Plan  ting -bird ;   Song  thrush;   Thrasher. 

Turdus  rufus  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  }).  169. 
"in  America  septextrioxali  &  .meridionali." 

Orpheus  rufus  (Linne).  Audubon.  Birds  of  Araer.,  1841,  vol. 
3,  p.  9,  pi.  141.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  1,  figs.  12,  13. 


AVKS.  207 

PAS.SERES.  OSC'INES. 

MI  MI  DAE. 

'I'hickfts  ami  s|>routlan(l.s;  ni'sts  in  Inishes  or  rarely  on  the 
pround. 

Me.^ —  ("oninion  snnunrr  ri'siiK-nl  in  .soutlnvcsti'rn  conntii's. 
(?  April  S)  April  2S-(>t.  14. 

N.  11.  rnconunon  sununrr  rrsidrnt  north  to  White  Mt.  valleys. 
(April  l())-().t.  10. 

Vt. —  rmoinmon  summer  re.sident  at  lower  elevation.s. 

M.\.s.s. —  Common  summer  and  accidental  winter  re.sident 
(Arlin^'ton).  (April  l(i)  ApriliO  ( )et.  2(1  (Nov.  4;  winter).  Egp.s, 
May  10- June  21. 

R.  I. —  Common  .summer  n.sident;  casual  in  winter.  (April 
14)-()ct.  13  (Jan.  30).     Eff^s.  May  19-June  4. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.     Aj)ril  22-Oct.  2. 

TROGLODYTIDAE. 
378.     TnHVOTHOHis  i.i  don  in.wrs  (I^atham)  Bonaparte. 
Carolina  wren;   Great  Carolina  wren;   Mocking  wren. 

Stflvia  ludoviciana  Lath.,  Index  ornith.,  1790,  vol.  2,  j).  548. 
"Loii.si.\\.\." 

Trofjlodfites  ludocicianus  Bona)).  Auduhon.  Binls  of  Amer., 
1S41.  vol.  2.  p.  1  ICi.  1)1.  1 17.     Efig.  Cai)en,  ISSO.  |)1.  2.  Hj;.  11. 

Den.se  unileri^rowtli  and  tangles;  nests  in  cavities  of  tn-es  or 
cn'vi(rs  of  hniidiiitfs. 

Me. —  .\ccidental  visitor  (Falmouth,  Oct.  .>,  I'.tOS;  Waterville) 
and  accidental  summer  resident  (Norway  Lake,  efjjT.s^  .lune,  1883, 
jidr  Knight). 

N.  H.- Accidental  visitor:  Alstea.l.  July  H.  190:};  Kye  Beach. 
Aup.  7.  IKSO;    Weh.ster.  ahout   1900. 

\'t.—  Doubtfully  recordecl. 

^L\.s.s. —  ( )ccasional  visitor  at  all  sea.sons  and  very  rare  sununer 
n-sident  (Nau.shon  M.,  .iulv.  1901). 


208  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

TROGLODYTIDAE. 

K.  I. —  Occasional  visitor  in  summer  and  fall,  and  rare  summer 
resident  (at  Middletown).     April  9-Nov.  28.     Eggs,  April  15. 

Conn. —  Occasional  visitor  at  all  seasons  and  rare  resident  (near 
Bridgeport,  Chester,  South  Xorwalk).     Eggs,  July  16. 

379.  Thryomanes  bewickii  (Audubon)  Ridgway. 

Bewick's  wren. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1904,  pt.  3,  p.  552. 

Troglodytes  bewickii  Aud.,  Ornith.  biogr.,  1831,  vol.  1,  p.  96, 
pi.  18.  "about  five  miles  from  St.  Francisville,.  ..  .Louis- 
iana." 

Brush  piles,  orchards,  and  vicinity  of  outbuildings;  nests  in 
cavities  of  trees  or  buildings. 

Me. —  Doubtfully  recorded  (Seguin  Id.,  Oct.  6). 
N.  H. —  Accidental  visitor:  Alton,  April  25,  1890. 

380.  Troglodytes  aedon  Vieillot. 
House  wren. 

Vieill.,  Hist.  nat.  ois.  Amer.  Sept.,  1807,  vol.  2,  p.  52,  pi.  107. 
"Canada, ...  .XoL^-ELLE-EcossE."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1841,  vol.  2,  p.  125,  pi.  120.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  2,  figs.  12,  13. 

Brush  piles,  orchards,  and  vicinity  of  outbuildings;  nests  in 
hollow  limbs,  bird  boxes,  or  any  convenient  crevice. 

Me. —  Uncommon  local  summer  resident  (to  Caribou).  May 
8-Aug. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  becoming  rare  among 
White  :\It.  valleys.     May  18-Sept.  24. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident.     May  11-fall. 

Mass. —  Locally  common  summer  resident.  (April  24)  May  1- 
Oct.  30.     Eggs,  May  25- June  5. 

R.  L — Locally  common  summer  resident;  formerly  more 
common.     April  26-Sept.     Eggs,  INIay  21-27. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.     April  25-Oct.  30. 


AVEs.  2no 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

TROGLODYTIDAE. 

381.  X\NM  s  lUK.MALis  (Vicilldt)  A.  O.  r.  romm. 
Winter  wren. 

Troglodi/tes  filemalis  Vicill.,  Noiiv.  diet,  d'hist.  nut.,  1S19,  Vol. 

34,  p.  ol4.      "  X0UVELLE-Il)C0SSE  ET  DANS  l'Et.VT  I)E  NeW  YoRK." 

Audubon,  Birds  of  Anicr.,   1S41,  veil.   2.   p.   12S,   pi.    121.     Egg, 
Cajien,  1886,  pi.  2,  fig.  14. 

Danij)  woods  or  thickets  near  water,  and  in  migration,  tangles, 
brush  heaps,  and  brier  patches;  nests  in  crevices  of  ujiturned  roots. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northern  part  a  common  sum- 
mer resident;  vi-rv  rare  winter  re.sident  (Bangor).  (April  1)  April 
9-Nov.  17  (winter).     Eggs,  May  20- June  3;  Aug.  S  (2d  brood). 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  resident, 
local  south  of  White  Mts.;  rare  winter  resident  in  .soutiieast  j)art. 
April  5-Xov.  15  (winter).     Eggs,  May  20- July  23  (2d  brood). 

Vt. —  Uncommon  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident  in 
mountainous  j)arts  south  to  Ix)ndonderry;  may  winter,  .\pril  7- 
Nov.  24  (Dec.  30,  Jan.  1).     Eggs,  June  4. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident 
(Berkshire  Co.,  and  locally  east,  Lynn,  Winchendon);  rare  winter 
resident  near  coast.  April  4-20;  summer;  Sept.  l?-Xov.  25; 
winter. 

K.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  rare  winter  n>sident;  rare  local 
summer  resident  (Washington  Co.,  nest  with  young.  May  21,  190S). 
Aj)ril;    (summer);    Sept.-Xov.  2S;    winter. 

Co.\.\. —  Uncommon  migrant  and  less  common  winttr  risident. 
Oct.  2-Ai)ri]. 

382.  CiSTOTHORUs  STELI.ARIS  (Lichtenstein)  Cabanis. 

Short-billed  marsh  wren. 

Trorjl(xli/tts  .ttrllari.s  Licht.,  in  Xainnann's  Wigel  Deutschl., 
182:i.  vol.  3.  tab.  ad  p.  724.     "Carolina." 


210  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

TROGLODYTIDAE. 

Troglodytes  hrevirostris  Nutt.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  2,  p.  138,  pi.  124.     Egg,  Cai)en,  1886,  pi.  3,  fig.  1. 

Wet  grassy  meadows;  nest  usually  built  among  tall  grass  stems 
near  the  ground. 

Me. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  (Bangor,  Glenburn).  May 
4-Oct.  10. 

N.  H. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  in  southern  part;  rare 
visitor  in  White  Mt.  region. 

Mass. —  Very  local  summer  resident,  sometimes  common. 
May  6-Oct.  9.     Eggs,  May  25- June  18;  July  7  (?  2d  brood). 

R.  I. —  Rare  local  summer  resident  (NeAvport).     Eggs,  June  6. 

Conn. —  Rare  local  summer  resident.     Spring-Sept.  17. 

383.     Telmatodytes  palustris  (Wilson)  Henry. 
Long-billed  marsh  wren. 

Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1904,  pt.  3,  p.  489.  Egg, 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  2,  fig.  15. 

Certhia  palustris  Wils.,  Amer.  ornith.,  1810,  vol.  2,  p.  58,  pi.  12, 
fig.    4.     "Pennsylvania.  ..  .ALONG   the   tide   water   of    our 

RIVERS." 

Cat-tail  swamps;  nests  among  the  flags. 

Vt. —  Rare  visitor:  Brattleboro,  May,  1902;  Middlebury; 
Rutland,  May  27,  1907. 

Mass. —  Common  local  summer  resident  in  western  valleys  and 
coastwise  (Essex  Co.) ;  rare  winter  resident  (Fresh  Pond).  (^lay  2) 
May  15-Nov.  30  (winter).     Eggs,  June  5-29  (Aug.  1). 

R.  I. —  Common  local  summer  resident.  May-Oct.  6.  Eggs, 
May  31-June  16. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  and  rare  winter  resident.  ^Nlay  5- 
(winter).     Eggs,  June  7- July  28 


AVES.  211 

PASSKU  !•>!;.  O.SCINE8. 

CEirnniDAE. 

384.     Certmia  familiaris  amerk  ana   (Honapartc)   Ki«lpvay. 
Brown  creeper;    Tree  creeper. 

Verlliia  amrricana  Bonap.,  (it'ojjr.  and  coinjjarativi'  li.st  birds 
Eur()|H'  and  Xo.  AiiuT.,  is;is.  |>.  11.  "We.sterx  and  .nortmer.v 
parts"  ov  No.  America. 

Certhia  familiari.t  Liiiiio.  Audubon,  Hird.s  of  Anicr..  1S41,  )>. 
10<J.  pi.  11.").     Egji.  CaptMi.  ISSG.  pi.  2,  fi;;.  10. 

Cool  nii.M'tl  or  conift-rous  woods  in  suninuT,  tn'c  firowth  jrener- 
ally  at  other  seasons;  nests  l)chind  loose  flake  of  hark. 

Me. —  Common  mijjrant,  less  common  summer  and  winter 
it'sident.     Kgjjs,  May  31-June  23. 

N.  H. —  Resident,  hreedinj;  locally  south  of  Wliite  Mts.,  and 
more  commonly  north.     Eg^s.  May. 

Vt. —  Common  mij;rant  and  winter  resident;  uncommon  local 
summer  resilient. 

Mas.s. —  Connnon  mijxrani  ami  winter  resident;  less  common 
summer  resident  in  western  part,  hut  rare  and  local  in  eastern 
swamps  (to  Taunton).  Sept.  12-May  S;  summer.  E<;gs,  May 
6-23. 

R.  I. —  Common  mijjrant  and  winter  resident.     Si'pt.  2-April  26. 

Cow. —  Common  mi<;rant  and  winter  resident;  rare  sinnmer 
resident.     T.,ate  S<'pt.-late  .\pril  (sinmncr). 

SIXTH  ).\E. 
385.     SiTTA  t  AROi.iNENsi.s  Latham. 

White-breasted  nuthatch;   Sapsucker. 

Lath.,  Index  ornith.,  17'JO,  vol.  1.  p.  202.  "i.\  .\merica,  Jamaica; 
ElROPAEA  .MINOR."  .Vuduhoii,  Hinls  of  Amer.,  1S42,  vol.  4,  p. 
175.  pi.  247.     Epfj,  Ca|K'n,  1886.  pi.  2,  Hg.  8. 

(^)rchanls,  shade  and  fon'st  tn-es;  ne.sts  in  holes  in  tn-es  or  stumj)S. 


212  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

SITTIDAE. 

Me.,  N.  H.,  Vt. —  Common  micjrant,  uncommon  summer  and 
winter  resident.     Eggs,  May  1-15  (Me.). 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident;  uncommon 
summer  resident.     Eggs,  April  3-^Iay  1. 

R.I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident;  uncommon 
summer  resident.  Sept.  14^ April  22;  summer.  Eggs,  April  20- 
May  22. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  ■winter  resident,  less  common 
summer  resident.     Eggs,  May  8-June  7. 

386.     SiTTA  CANADENSIS  Linne. 

Red-breasted  nuthatch;    Canada  nuthatch;    Red-belhed  nut- 
hatch. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  177.  "Canada." 
Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  4,  p.  179,  pi.  248.  Egg, 
Capen,  1886,  pi.  2,  fig.  9. 

Coniferous  woods,  or,  on  migrations,  tree  growth  generally; 
nests  in  holes  excavated  in  dead  trees. 

Me. —  Common  resident  south  to  Cape  Elizabeth;  elsewhere 
a  periodically  common  winter  resident.  Eggs,  ^lay  6- June  2 
(early  July). 

N.  H. —  Common  resident  from  White  Mts.  north,  elsewhere 
a  rare  summer  and  irregular  winter  resident.     Eggs,  Mav  20. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  winter  visitor  and  local  summer  resident. 
Eggs,  :\Iay  5-30. 

]\Iass. —  Irregular  fall  and  winter  visitor;  in  M'estern  part  at 
higher  levels  an  uncommon,  and  elsewhere  a  rare  and  irregular 
summer  resident.  Aug.  1.5-May  20;  summer.  Eggs,  May  18- 
June  10. 

R.  I. —  Uncommon  and  irregular  fall  and  winter  visitor.  Oct. 
5- winter. 

Conn. —  Uncommon  and  irregular  fall  and  winter  visitor. 
(Aug.  28)  Sept.  24-April  19. 


AVES.  '^'■■ 


_  I .» 


PASSEHES.  OSCINES. 

PARI  DAE. 

3S7.     Haeoi.ophi's  iucouir  (Linn<'')  Cabanis. 
Tufted  titmouse. 

PnniA  hirnlor  Liiiiir.  Sy.st.  iiat..  cd.  12.  ITCtCi,  vol.  1,  p.  'MO. 
"in  Amekic.v  .skftknthionali."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Auut., 
1841.  voL  2.  p.  143.  i>l.  12."). 

Woodlands  mMU'rall\ ;   lusts  in  boles  of  tn^es  and  stumps. 

Me. —  AcckU'ntal  visitor:   near  Orono. 
N.  H.,  Vt. —  Doubtfully  nnonlcd. 

Coxx. —  Ran.'  visitor:  near  Hartford;  Lyme,  Fob.  27,  bS72, 
Jan.  1S74;   New  Haven  (Linsley). 

3SS.     Pf.ntiiestes  .\tuic.\imlli  .s  (Linue)  Uidpvay. 
Chickadee;   Black-capped  chickadee  or  titmouse. 

Parus  atricapilhi.s-  Linue,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  17GG,  vol.  1,  p.  341. 
"Cax.^d.\."  Audubon.  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841,  vol.  2,  \k  140,  i)l. 
120.     E^%  Caix-n.  ISSO,  pi.  2.  fifjs.  4,  5. 

Tree  growtli  {jencrally;   nests  near  water  in  low  dead  stumps. 

Me. —  Common  resident.     Egfjs,  May  lO-.Iune  18. 

N.  H. —  Common  n'sident,  breeding  below  3000  ft. 

Vt. —  Common  n-sidi-nt.     Kggs,  May  10. 

^L\.s.s. —  Common  winter  and  less  common  siuiinicr  resident. 
Eggs,  May  4- June  25. 

K.  L — Common  winter  and  less  common  sununer  resident. 
Eggs.  May  0-18. 

Co.XN. —  Common  n-sident.     Eggs,  May  10-June  4. 

3S1).     I'kxthe.stes  inDsoNirrs  flM»r>iter)  Uidgway. 

Hudsonian  chickadee. 

Pants   hnihonicu.'i   Eorst.,   I'liil.   trans,   roy.  soc.    lyondon,    1772, 

vol.  02.  pp.  408,  430.    "Sevehv  Kiveu .\T)  Sim  m  Hud.soxis." 

Audubon,   Birds  of  .\mer.,   1S41,   vol.   2,   p.    I'm,   pi.    128.     Egg, 
Ca|>en,  ISSC,  pi.  2,  figs.  (>.  7. 


214  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

PARIDAE. 

Spruce  and  fir  forests;  nests  in  holes  in  low  trees  or  stumps. 

Me. —  Rare  resident  in  northern  and  eastern  counties;  else- 
where an  uncommon  or  rare  winter  visitor. 

N.  H. —  Uncommon  resident  mainly  above  3000  ft.  on  White 
Mts.,  north;  elsewhere  a  rare  winter  visitor. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  resident  in  northern  part  and  on  higher 
mountains  (Mt.  Stratton,  Sutton);  elsewhere  a  rare  winter  visitor. 

Mass. —  Rare  late  fall  and  winter  visitor;  once  in  Plymouth  Co., 
June  5,  1896.     Oct.  18- April  5  (June  5). 

R.  I. —  Accidental  late  fall  visitor:  Smithfield,  Nov.  1,  1880. 

Conn. —  Accidental  late  fall  visitor:   New  Haven,  Nov.  13,  1875. 

SYLVIIDAE. 

390.     Regulus  satrapa  Lichtenstein. 

Golden-crowned  kinglet;    Golden-crested  wren. 

Licht.,  Verzcichn.  d.  doubl.  d.  Mus.  Berlin,  1823,  p.  35. 
"Am[erica]  sept[entrionali]."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer., 
1841,  vol.  2,  p.  165,  pi.  132.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  2,  figs.  1,  2. 

Spruce  and  fir  forests  in  summer,  tree  growth  generally  at  other 
times;   nests  in  conifers. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  winter  resident; 
common  summer  resident  in  northern  part.     Eggs,   June  15-24. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  winter  resident;  com- 
mon summer  resident  from  White  Mts.  north,  local  to  the  south. 
Eggs,  May  24. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident ;  less  common  local 
summer  resident.     Sept.  18-lMay  7;  summer. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident;  uncommon 
summer  resident  in  western  part  but  rare  and  local  in  eastern  (Lynn, 
Plymouth  Co.,  Winchendon).  Sept.-April;  summer.  Eggs,  May- 
June  29. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant  and  winter  resident.     Sept.  25-April  2. 


AVES.  215 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

SYLVIIIXVE. 

CoNX. —  Coinmoii  mifxrant  and  winter  n-siilcnt.     Oct.  13-May. 
M'tl.     lvK.(;ri.i  s  (Ai.ENDiLA  (Liiiiu')  Lichtcnsti'in. 
Ruby-crowned  kinglet;    Ruby-crested  wren. 

AiKluboii,  Birds  of  AnuT.,  1S41,  vol.  2,  p.  KiS,  pi.  133. 

Motarillo  rnlcuduJn  Linn^,  Sy.st.  iiat..  cd.  12.  1700,  vol.  1,  p.  337. 

"PfANSYI.N  AMA." 

Spnuv  and  fir  fori'.st.s,  and  in  niijiration.s,  (n*e  growth  geniTally; 
nest.s  in  conifers. 

Ml..  (Oninion  migrant  and  j)r()l)al)ly  a  rare  .summer  resident 
in  northern  |»art  (Kt.  Kent,  with  young;  near  Bangor,  ne.st  without 
eggs).     April  14-May  10  (May  23);    (summer);   Sept.  25-Oet.  22. 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant.     .Vpril  14 -May  11;  Sept.  9-Oet.  20. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant.     April  11;    fall. 

Mas.s. —  Common  migrant;  casual  in  winter  (at  Highland  Light, 
•Ian.  1.").  1V.>2;  Fresh  Pond.  ( ■ami)ridge,  Dec.  23,  1S99).  April  o- 
May  13;  Sept.  23-Nov.  20  (winter). 

H.I. —  Common  migrant.     April-May  0;  Oct. 

Cow. —  Common  migrant.    April  II    (May  10);  Oct.  13-Xov.24. 

392.     rin.ioiTii.A  rAERii.EA  (LiiHi^)  Sclater. 
Blue-gray  gnatcatcher. 

Motdcillu  ntcruliti  Liiuie,  Syst.  nat.,  etl.  12,  1700,  vol.  1,  p.  337. 
"Pk.n.syi.vania." 

Culirirora  rorniira  Lath.  .\udul)on,  Binls  of  Amer.,  1>S40, 
vol.  1.  p.  244,  j.l.  70.     Kgg,  Ca|H'n.  ISSO.  ]A.  2,  fig.  3. 

Woodlands;    nests  in  trees. 

Mk. —  Aicideiital  visitor:  Cape  Llizahelh,  .\ng.  2!t.  iSSO;  .\|iril 
18.  iS'.Mi. 

N.  H.,  \'t.  -  Donhtfully  recorded. 

^L\.s.s. —  Accidental  visitor  ( ?  may  oncv  have  bred  near  Taunton). 
Aug.  27-L)ec.  18. 


216  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

SYLVIIDAE. 

R.  I. —  Accidental  A-isitor  (several  instances).     May  23,  June  24. 
Conn. —  Rare  summer  visitor  (five  instances,  nee  Waurcgan). 
April  6-Sept.  1. 

TURDID.AE. 

393.  Hylocichla  mustelina  (Gmelin)  Ridgway. 

Wood  thrush;    Mountain  thrush  (Vt.);    Swamp  angel;    Swamp 
thrush;    Wood  robin. 

Turdus  mustelinus  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  817. 
"in  Noveboraco."  Seebohm  and  Sharpe,  Monogr.  of  Turdidae, 
1898,  pt.  4,  pi.  43.  Chapman,  Handb;  birds  east.  No.  Amer., 
1895,  p.  395,  fig.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  1,  fig.  2. 

Bushy  growth  near  edges  of  moist  shady  woods;  nests  in  bushes 
or  trees. 

Me. —  Rare  summer  resident  in  southwestern  part  (to  Franklin 
Co.).     Spring-Sept.  6. 

N.  H. —  Rare  summer  resident  north  to  White  Mt.  valleys. 
May  15-Sept. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  at  lower  elevations  (to  Mt. 
Mansfield  and  Willoughby  Lake).     May  10-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  summer  resident,  mainly  at  low  elevations. 
(April  26)  May  1-Sept.  28  (Oct.  10;  Nov.  18,  1897,  Wellesley 
Hills).     Eggs,  May  25- June  15  (June  26). 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  resident.  INIay  4-Sept.  Eggs,  May 
21-June  6. 

Conn. —  Common  summer  resident.  May  1-Oct.  Eggs,  May 
27- June  21. 

394.  Hylocichla  fuscescens  (Stephens)  Ridgway. 

Wilson's  thrush;   Cheeury;   Nightingale;  Swamp  robin;   Tawny 
thrush;    Veery. 

Turdus  fuscescens  Steph.,  Shaw's  Gen.  zool.,  1817,  vol.  10,  pt. 


AVES.  217 

P.ViSERES.  OSCINPIS. 

TURDIDAE. 

1.    |).    1S2.     "to  tmk  nohth  oi    I'knsyi.vania."     Sffholim   aiul 
Shar|H-,  Moiu)<;r.  Tunlwlae,  1898,  i>t.  4,  pi.  H.     Knn,  CaiK'n,  188G, 

pi.  1.  ti>;.  7. 

Swain|)s  atul  un<k'rj;r()\vth  along  strt'am.s;    lu'sts  on  or  ntar  the 

ground,  ran-ly  in  tnr.s. 

Me. —  Common  summer  n'-sidt-nt.  ('/April  17,  I'O)  May  1- 
Sept.  20  (Oct.  1).     Eggs,  .June  1-lS  (July  1). 

N.  II. —  Common  summer  resitlent  hclow  l.")0()  ft.  May  10- 
Sept.     Eggs,  June  9. 

Vt. —  Common  summer  ri'sident.  May  11-Sept.  Eggs,  May 
30-June  28  (July  20). 

M.\.ss. —  Common  summer  resident.  (April  30)  May  1-Sej)t. 
27  (Oct.  14,  1S71,  Fresh  Pond,  Cambridge).     Eggs,  May  20- June 

30. 

R.  I. —  Common  summer  n>sident.     (April  29)-Sept.  2o.     Eggs, 

May  2G-31. 

Coxx. —  Common  summer  resident.     May  1-Sept.  1. 

395.     Hvi^ciciiLu\  FUSCESCEXS  s.vLicicoLA  Uidgway. 
Willow  thrush;    Newfoundland  thrush. 

Ridgw..  Proe.  U.  S.  nat.  nnis.,  1SS2.  vol.  4.  |).  374.  "Rocky 
MouxTAix  REGiox. . . .  FoRT  Garlaxd,  Colo.,"  etc. 

Swamps  and  undergrowth  bordering  streams;  nests  on  or  near 
the  ground. 

Ma.ss. —  Rare  migrant:  Lanesboro,  Sept.  27.  19(K);  Lowell 
(these  an'  the  race  "fttliginosu"  Howe,  considered  by  the  A.  <  >.  C 
committee  inseparable  from  salicirola  and  bv  Riclgwav  as  svnonv- 
mous  with  //.  fuscescens). 

R.  I. —  Ran-  migrant:  Hristol.  .^jjt.  24,  1S99;  Newport.  S«pt. 
25,  1885. 

Coxx. —  Rare  migrant.  May  ."),  C.  14,  10;  Spt.  23  C=^  .sv///</- 
cola,  Bishop). 


218  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

TURDIDAE. 

396.  Hylocichla  aliciae  (Baird)  Ritlgway. 
Gray-cheeked  thrush;   Alice's  thrush;   Arctic  thrush. 

Turdus  aliciae  Baird,  U.  S.  war  dept.,  exj)l.  and  surv.  ^Nliss. 
Riv.  to  Pac.  Ocean,  1858,  pt.  2,  birds,  p.  217.  "  Illinois,  ....  upper 
Missouri."  Seebobm  and  Sharpe,  Monogr.  Turdidae,  1898,  pt. 
4,  pi.  45,  fig.  1. 

Dense  fir  thickets  in  summer,  moist  shaded  spots  on  migration; 
nests  in  low  trees. 

]\Ie. —  Uncommon  migrant.     May  20-25;   Sept.  20. 
X.  H.— Rare  migrant:    Dublin,  Oct.  2,  1899. 
Vt. —  Rare  migrant.     'Slay  18. 

Mass. —  Uncommon    migrant.      (May    13)    ^lay     17- June  3 
(June  18);   Sept.  10-Oct.  9. 
R.  I. —  Uncommon  migrant.     May  20;   Sept.  23-Oct.  7. 
Coxx. —  Uncommon  migrant. 

397.  Hylocichla  aliciae  bicknelli  Ridgway. 
Bicknell's  thrush. 

Ridgw.,  Proc.  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  18S2,  vol.  4,  p.  377.  "Slide 
Mountain,  Ulster  County,  New  York."  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat. 
mus.,  1907,  pt.  4,  p.  62.     (Unfigured). 

Fir  and  spruce  thickets  in  summer,  moist  shady  spots  on  migra- 
tion ;   nests  in  low  trees. 

]\Ie. — -  Common  local  summer  resident  on  higher  mountain  to])s 
(Mt.  Abraham,  Ktaadn,  etc.);  Maine  breeding  birds  may  be 
true  aliciae  (Knight).     !May-Sept.  20. 

N.  H. —  Common  summer  resident  above  3000  ft.  to  tree  limit 
among  ^Yhite  ]Mts.,  south  to  Sandwich  Range.  May  25-Sept.  15. 
Eggs,  June  22. 

Vt. —  Uncommon  summer  resident  on  higher  mountains:  Jay 
Peak,  Mt.  Annanance,  Mt.  Killington,  ]Mt.  Mansfield,  Pico  Peak, 
etc.     May-Sept.     Eggs,   June  22. 

Mass. —  Uncommon  migrant,  and  on  summit  of  Mt.  Greylock 


AVE8.  219 

PASSKHES.  08('INE.S. 

TIUDIDAE. 

(;i5().")  ft.)  a  rare  sumnu-r  rt'sitlcnt.      (May  L')May  ;i();    siiiiuiht; 
S<«|)t.  l>v-(Kt.  2."). 

H.  I.       I'licoiniiinii   iiii;;rant.     ()(t.  •I. 

CV).\.\. —  I'ncomiiion  iiii<;rant. 

39.S.     IIvi.cK  K  iii.v  rsTii.ATA   swAiNsoMi    (Cahaiiis)   Ridjiway. 

Olive-backed  thrush;  Flycatching  thrush;  Mosquito  thrush; 
Swainson's  thrush;   Swamp  robin. 

Tunlii.i  swain.'iouii  Cal>.,  F;iuiia  l'«'ruaiia,  lS45-4(>,  p.  188. 
"1'ehi";  .s|H'ciiiu'ii  (li'scrilR'd  from  Nkw  .Ii;k.skv  (=  ly|tc  locality). 
St'el)oliin  and  Sliarpc.  Moiio^r.  'rurdidac.  lSi)S,  |)t.  4.  pi.  4").  fij;.  '.i. 

Turdus  ustulatu^  .fwain.souli  (Cab.),  (liapinaii.  Haiidl).  liirds 
oast.  No.  .Vmcr..  ls».i.").  p.  :i<)8.     Ej;jj,  ('a|)(ii.  1880,  j)l.  1,  fi^.s.  o,  (i. 

Cool  sliaily  tliickfts;  lu'st.s  in  low  tnn'.s  or  bu.slu'.s. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  in  northern  part  a  coinnion  sum- 
mer rt'.si(  lent.  {May  (■))  May  9-2(i;  summcr-(  )(t.  2.i.  Hgtis,  May 
29-Juii<-  *•  (early  July). 

X.  II. —  Common  migrant,  and  from  White  Mts.  north  a  eom- 
mon  .summer  resident,  local  to  the  south.  .May  l(>-()ct.  Hggs, 
June  IG-July  II. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  sunnmr  resident 
mainly  in  northern  part  and  at  higher  li'vels  .south  to  Londonderry. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant  and  in  higher  j)afts  of  Berkshire  Co., 
an  uncommon  summer  resident.  May  :i-June  7;  summer;  Sept. 
9-Oct.  21. 

H.  1. —  Connnon  migrant.     May  N-;    Sept.  27-()ct.  2. 

Cow.-- Common  migrant.     May  H)-2(i;    Se|)t.  4-()ct.  lo. 

399.     Hyi.ockhla  orriATA  I'ali.asii  (Cabanis)  Faxon  and  IIofT- 
mami. 

Hermit  thrush;  Ground  swamp  robin  Me.);  Rufous-tailed 
thrush;  Solitary  thrush;  Swamp  robin  or  thrush;  Wood- 
chuck. 

Turdus  jHilldsii  {';i\t.,  Arch.  f.  naturgesch.,  1M7,  vol.   Ki.  pt.   1. 


220  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

TURDIDAE. 

p.  205.  Locality  not  given;  based  on  Cab.,  in  Tschudi's  Fauna 
Peruana.  Seebohm  and  Sharpe,  Monogr.  Turdidae,  1898,  pt.  4, 
pi.  46,  fig.  2. 

Turdus  aonalaschkae  paUasii  (Cab.).  Chajiman,  Handb.  birds 
east.  No.  Amer.,  1895,  p.  400.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  1,  figs.  3,  4. 

Undergrowth  of  drv  woods;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  may  winter 
rarely.  (April  5)  April  13-Xov.  26  (Dec.  25,  1904,  Cape  Elizabeth). 
Eggs,  (May  1)  ISIay  17- June  10;  July  14- Aug.  10  (2d  brood). 

N.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident  below  3000  ft. 
(April  5)  April  10-Nov.  24.     Eggs,  -July  S. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (April  4)  April 
10-fall. 

Mass. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident  in 
western,  local  in  eastern  part  (Cape  Cod,  ISIartha's  Vineyard) ; 
rare  winter  resident  near  coast.  (April  1)  April  S-Xov.  30  (winter). 
Eggs,  June  14. 

R.  1. —  Common  migrant  and  rare  winter  resident;  rare  local 
summer  resident  (Kent  Co.).  April  lO-(summer);  Oct.-Nov.  20 
(Dec.  3,  winter).     Eggs,  June  6. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant,  uncommon  local  summer  resident 
(Bear  INIt.,  Hartford  Co.,  Norfolk,  Salisbury);  rare  winter  resident. 
(x\pril  3)  April  12-May;  summer;  Oct.-Nov.  20  (winter). 

400.     Planesticus  migratorius  (Linne)  Coues. 
American  robin. 

Turdus  migratorius  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  p.  292. 
"in  America  septentrionali."  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1841, 
vol.  3,  p.  14,  pi.  142.     Egg,  Capen,  1886,  pi.  1,  fig.  1. 

Ubiquitous,  but  avoiding  woods  in  breeding  season ;  nests  in  trees, 
on  ledges  of  buildings,  or  on  the  ground. 

Me.,  N.  H.,  Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident; 
rare  winter  resident  mainly  in  southern  part.     Mar.  3-Nov.;  win- 


avp:s.  l>_>  1 

passeres.  osc'ine.s. 

tirdidae. 

tor.  H^^s.  (Mk.)  April  '_'s  .Iimr  1");  July  tiirly  Aui:.  ilM  ;iih1  :{(! 
brootls). 

Mass. —  Coininoii  migrant  and  siimiiuT  n-.si<U'nt;  less  coininoii 
wintor  resident  chu-fly  near  coast.  Mar.  8-Xov.  28;  winter.  Kj:j;s, 
April  2.5-.July  25  (2d  brood)  (!  Oct.  2',t.  H>()8,  Brandon). 

K.  I. —  Common  mij^rant,  lc.s.s  common  .summer  and  winter 
resident.  Mar.  11-Xov.  2S;  winter.  Egjjs,  April  17-.June  7; 
July. 

Co.\.\. —  Common  mi<:rant  and  summer  resident;  less  common 
winter  nvsident.     Feh.  18-Xov.;    v'i'iter.     Eggs,  A|>ril  27-.Iuly  2. 

401.  IxoREis  NAEVius  (Gmelin)  Richmond. 
Varied  thrush. 

Turduji  narrius  Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  17SS,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  M7. 
"in  sinu  Americae  Xatca." 

Orpheus  niernhides  (Swains.).  Swain.son  and  Richard.son,  Fauna 
Boreali-Amer.,  1S31,  vol.  2.  p.  187,  pi.  38. 

Elvergreen  fon'sts;  nests  in  trees. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor:    I|)swich,  Dec.  1804. 

402.  SiAi.iA  siALis  (Linn6)  Haldeman. 
Bluebird. 

MoUu-illa  .fialis  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10.  17.58,  vol.  1.  ]>.  ]n7. 
"i.\  Bermidis  &  America  calidiohe." 

Sialia  iril.'ionii  Swixins.  .\udnl)on.  Birds  of  .\mer.,  1S41,  vol.  2, 
p.  171.  pi.  134.     Egg,  Capen,  issfj,  pi.  1,  figs.  14,  15. 

Orchards  and  ojH'n  country;  nests  in  hollow  linihs  or  in  Kird 
hou.ses. 

Me. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident.  (Feb.  28) 
Mar.  lO-Nov.  14.  Eggs.  April  21-May  15;  .June  24-JuIy  6  (2d 
brood). 

X.  H. —  Common  migrant  and  less  common  summer  ri'sident  at 
lower  elevations.     Mar.  2-Oct.  25.     Eggs,  May  1-June  25. 


222  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

PASSERES.  OSCINES. 

TURDIDAE. 

Vt. —  Common  migrant  and  .summer  residont.  [Fch.  2li) 
INIar.  17-Oct.  IG. 

Mass. —  Common  miiirant,  less  common  summer  re.sident; 
near  coast,  a  rare  winter  resident  (Melrose  Highlands,  Roxbury, 
Wellesley,  Cape  Cod).  (Feb.  23)  Mar.  1-Xov.  20  (Dec.  10,  29); 
winter.     Eggs,  April  15-June  5. 

R.  I. —  Common  migrant,  less  common  summer  resident,  and 
occasional  winter  resident.  ^lar.  2-Nov.  27;  winter.  Eggs, 
(Mar.  1,  Westerly)  April  7-20. 

Conn. —  Common  migrant  and  summer  resident;  uncommon 
winter  resident.  Mar.  5-Nov.  13;  winter.  Eggs,  April  15- 
June  14. 

Species  Introduced  or  Erroneously  Accredited. 

CoLYMBUS  cRiSTATus  Linne.  Crested  grebe. —  An  Old  World  species 
erroneously  recorded  by  early  writers. 

Aethia  cristatella  (Pallas).  Crested  auklet. —  Doubtfully  recorded 
from  Chatham,  Mass.,  winter  of  18S4-So. 

Cepphus  mandtii  (Lichtenstein).  Mandt's  .guillemot. —  The  sup- 
posed Maine  specimen  proves  to  be  C.  grylle,  antl  the  Massachusetts  record 
is  too  doubtful  for  acceptance. 

PuFFiNus  PUFFiNus  (Brunnich).    Manx  shearwater. 

PuFFiNus  "ciNEREXJs"  (=  KUHLi  Gould).  Mediterranean  shearwater. — 
European  species  listed  from  New  England  by  several  of  the  older  writers 
but  probably  in  error  for  P.  gravis  or  P.  borealis. 

Thalassidroma  pelagica  (Linn^).  Stormy  petrel. —  Given  on  au- 
thority of  Boardman  as  a  rare  summer  visitor  "off  the  coast  of  Eastern 
Maine,"  but  the  record  is  not  allowed  by  Knight. 

Pelagodroma  marina  (Latham).  White-faced  petrel. —  A  specimen 
taken  in  lat.  40°  34'  18"  N.,  long.  66°  09'  W.,  Sept.  2.  1885,  was  included  in 
Dr.  J.  A.  Allen's  list  of  Massachusetts  birds  (1886),  but  the  locality  is  out- 
side the  limits  covered  by  the  present  catalogue. 

Phalacrocorax  GRACULtis  (Linn^).  Green  cormorant. —  This  Euro- 
pean species  is  accredited  to  Massachusetts  by  W.  B.  O.  Peabody,  who 
doubtless  confused  it  with  the  American  P.  auritus. 


AVKs.  223 

MRnoELLi's  ALHELLi-s  (Liniic'i.  Smew.  -  Aocrf<lito<l  by  Samuels  to 
Miissjichusetts,  but  apparently  without  ^ood  reu.son 

t'uKNM^ipKX  AK.iiviTi  \<  I's  fT,inni''>  Stephens. 
Egyptian  goose. 

Salvation,  ("at.  biril.><  British  mils.,  lsy,"»,  vol.  27,  p.  10'.);  (iouM,  Birds 
of  Kurope,  1837,  vol.  5,  pi.  {'.i')'.i].     Kgg,  Seebohm,  ISUC),  p.  'Mi,  pi.  12,  fip.  1. 

Anag  aegyptiaca  Linii^,  Syst.  nat.,  <'<1.  12,  1706,  vol.  1,  pt.  1,  p.  l'.»7.  "  in 
.\e<;vpt<i?" 

Rivers  and  marshes;   nests  on  the  grouiul. 

Mass. —  The  .several  in.stances  of  capture  may  relate  to  either  accidental 
visitors  or  escapes. 

.\hi)k^\  <«(it)K.\TALis  AuiluboM.  Great  white  heron. —  Uecorded  from 
Massjiclmsfits  in  crrnr  fur  IhrixtiaK  lyitta. 

Sroiv«)PA.\  lu.sTKoi.A  Liuni'.  European  woodcock.  •  Doubtful  refer- 
ence to  this  species  at  Newport,  H.  I. ;    .'  .Maiia-. 

T<)TA.\i'.>*  NKHiLARn-s  (riunnenis).  Greenshank. —  This  Old  World 
species  was  accredited  to  Connecticut  by  Lin>liy  wiio  states  that  a  speci- 
men was  killeti  at  Stratford  in  fall  of  1842. 

Oreohtyx  PicTf.s  (Douglas)  Baird. 

Mountain  partridge;   Plumed  partridge. 
Ortyx  picta  Dougl.,  Trans.   Linn.  soc.   London,   1829,  vol.    10,  p.    143. 
"interior  of  California." 

Ortix  plnmifera  Could,     .\uilubon.  Birds  of  .\mer.,  vol.  5,  p.  69,  pi.  291. 
Thickets  and  open  woods;   ne.st.s  on  the  pround. 
M.\8.s —  Intro«luced  unsucee.s.sfully  about  1S9(). 

LopHORTVX  TALiFORNirrs  fShaw)  Bonaparte. 

California  partridge  or  quail. 

Telran  califurnicus  Sliaw,  Naturalist's  miscellany,  1797  (?).  vol.  9,  pi. 
345  and  text.     "California." 

CdUiftepla  ralifornica  (.Shaw).  Clould,  .Monofjr.  of  t)dontophorinae 
No.  Amer.,  18.',().  p.  [.->7),  pi.  [10].     Kpn,  Ben.lire,  1S92,  vol.  1.  pi.  1.  fiR.  S-10. 

Bu.shy  lowlands;   nests  on  the  fjrnund. 

Mass. —  Unsuccessfully  intro<luce<l  in  Berkshire  Co.  ai)Out  1890. 

Conn. —  Introduced:    Bridgeport,  Dec.  1840. 

LOPHORTYX   fJAMBELII   (lamU'l. 

Gambel's  partridge. 

(lamlH'l  (ex  .\uttall),  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila..  1843,  p.  260.  "west 
OF  California." 


224  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

Callipepla  gambelii  (Nuttall).  Cassin  and  Stephens,  lUustr.  birds  of 
Calif.,  Texas,  1853,  no.  2,  p.  45,  pi.  9.  Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  1, 
fig.  11-14. 

Bushy  growth ;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mass. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  in  Berkshire  and  Bristol  Cos.  in 
1893;  Martha's  Vineyard  in  1890;  Winchendon  in  1891. 

Tetrad  urogallus  Linne. 

Capercaillie;  Muscovian  black  gamecock ;  Woodgrouse. 

Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  159.  "in  Europae  frigidab 
piNETis  PALUDOsis."  Ogilvie-Graut,  Cat.  birds  British  mus.,  1893,  vol. 
22,  p.  62.  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  5,  pi.  [489],  p.  [490]. 
Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  274,  pi.  59,  fig.  11. 

Mountainous  forests;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Vt. —  Introduced  about  1897  at  Middleburj',  Rutland,  and  elsewhere, 
unsuccessfully. 

Tympanuchus  AMERiCANtJS  (Reichenbach)  Ridgway. 
Prairie  hen;  Prairie  chicken. 

Cupidonia  americanus  Reich.,  Syst.  avium,  1852,  p.  xxix.     No  locality. 

Tetrao  cvpido  Linne.  Audubon,  Birds  of  Amer.,  1842,  vol.  5,  p.  93, 
pi.  296.     Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  2,  fig.  18-20. 

Grassy  prairies;  nests  on  the  ground. 

N.  H. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  at  Blue  Mt.  Park  about  1893. 

Mass. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced:  Barnstable  and  Berkshire  Cos. 
in  the  '80's;  between  Concord  and  Belmont  in  1884  or  1885;  Martha's 
Vineyard,  1902;  Naushonld.;  Springfield,  1893. 

R.  I. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  about  1897. 

Pedioecetes  phasianellus  (Linne)  Elliot. 
Sharp  tailed  grouse. 

Baird,  Brewer,  and  Ridgway,  No.  Amer.  birds,  1874,  vol.  3,  p.  434,  pi.  9, 
fig.  3  (head). 

Tetrao  phasianellus  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  160.  "Can- 
ada." 

Pediaecaetes  phasianellus  (Linne).  Elliot,  Monogr.  of  Tetraoninae, 
1865,  pi.  15.     Egg,  Bendire,  1892,  vol.  1,  pi.  3,  fig.  3-5. 

Thickets  and  clearings;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Vt. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  about  1897. 

Mass. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  near  Westport  about  1892. 


AVEs.  225 

Pedioecetes  PHAStANEi.Lt's  CAMPEsTRis  Ritlgway. 

Prairie  sharp-tailed  grouse. 
UitlK^vay,  I'roc.  I>ii)l.  soc.  \\  asliiiijiton,  isM,  veil.  J,  p.  '.M.     "Illinois, 

AND.  .  .  .Ro.SElUD  ChKEK,   Mo.NTANA  TkUH." 

Telrao  phasianellu:<   Linnc''.     Audubon,   Birds   of   Amcr.,    1S42,   vol.   5, 
p.  1 10,  pi.  29S      Kgg.  Boiulire,  1892,  vol.  1,  i.l.  :\.  fins.  !».  10. 
Wootl.s  aiitl  (hickct.s;    nosts  on  iho  proviml. 
Ma.-^s. —  riistirpcssfiilly  iiitri)cltirt'<l  at  Springfiekl,  1892. 

CoTUR.vix  coTUHNi.x  (Liiuid)  Liclitenstein. 
European  quail;    Migratory  quail. 

OKilvie-Grant,  Cat.  bird-s  British  nius..  1S93,  vol.  22,  p.  235. 

Tetrao  cotumix  Linn^,  Syst.  nat..  fd.  10,  1758,  vol.  1.  p.  101.  "Europa, 
A.siA,  .Vkrica." 

Cotumix  communis  Bonnaterre.  I)re.sscr,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81, 
vol.  7,  pi.  [470].     Egg,  Secbohni,  1896,  p.  277,  pi.  59,  figs.  1,  3. 

Meadows  and  fields;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Me. —  Introduced  unsuccessfully  in  1880;  2()00  liberated,  but  failed  to 
e.stablLsh  themselves.     Nest  at  Eahnouth,  June. 

Vt. —  Unsucces-sfuIIy  introduced  at  Rutland,  June,  1877. 

Ma.ss. —  rnsuccessfuily  introduced  at  various  places  (\o.  Falmouth, 
Springfield,  Wareham)  between  1870  antl  1890. 

Conn. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced :   Lakeville,  1878. 

Perdix  perdix  (Linn<^). 

European  partridge  ;    Hungarian  partridge;   Partridge. 
Tetrao  perdix  Linn6,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  HiO.     "in  Euro- 

PAE  AORIS." 

Ihnrdix  cinerea  Latham.  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-M,  vol.  7,  p. 
[131],  pis.  [474,  475]. 

Open  country  and  thicket.«;    nests  on  the  ground. 
Conn. —  Introduci'd  in  1908. 

Phasianus  COLCHICU8  Linu^. 

English  pheasant ;   Pheasant. 

Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  Id,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  1.58.  "  Akhk  a,  .\.sia.'  Ogilvie- 
Grant,  Cat.  birds  British  inus..  1893,  vol.  22,  p.  321.  I)re.s.ser,  Birds  of 
Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  7,  pi.  [469].  Egg,  Scebohm,  1896,  p.  275,  pi.  59, 
fig.  9. 


226  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

Bushy  woods;  nests  on  the  ground,  rarely  in  trees. 

N.  H.—  Introduced  from  England  at  Wolfboro  in  18th  century. 

Mass. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  in  Berksh  re  Co. 

Phasianus  torquatus  Gmelin. 

Ring-necked  pheasant;   Denny  pheasant;  Ring  pheasant. 

Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  742.  Refers  to  Latham's  Synop- 
sis: "China.  . .  .about  the  Caspian  Sea,.  . .  .Great  Tartary,  and  in 
THE  south  of  the  Mongoli.\n  Desert."  Ogilvie-Grant,  Cat.  birds 
Briti.sh  mus.,  1893,  vol.  22,  p.  332.  Elliot,  Monogr.  Phasianidae,  1872, 
vol.  2,  pi.  5. 

Thickets;  nests  on  the  ground. 

Vt. —  Introduced  successfully  at  Shelburne. 

]\I^ss. —  Introduced  at  Winchester  and  elsewhere,  since  1894,  and  now 
well  established  at  many  places,  mainly  in  eastern  part. 

Conn. —  Successfully  introduced  (Fisher's  Id.). 

CoLUMBA  domestic^  Gmeliu. 

Rock  dove ;   Domestic  pigeon ;   Dove ;   Pigeon. 

Gmel.,  Syst.  nat.,  1788,  vol.  1,  pt.  2,  p.  709.     No  locality. 

Columba  livia  Linne.  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol.  7,  p.  [11], 
pi.  [457]  (upper  fig.,  wild  bird).  Tegetmeier,  Pigeons:  their  structure, 
varieties,  habits,  and  management,  London,  1868,  190  pp.,  16  pis.  Egg, 
Seebohm,  1896,  p.  158,  pi.  47,  fig.  9. 

Sea  cliffs,  nesting  in  crevices  of  rocks;  now  domesticated  about  buildings. 

Me.-Conn. —  Introduced  under  domestication  but  now  common  in  a 
feral  state  in  towns  and  cities. 

Buteo  borealis  harlani  (Audubon).  Harlan's  hawk.  Accredited 
to  Massachusetts  by  Peabody  on  Nuttall's  authority,  probably  in  error. 

"BxjTEO  cooperi"  Cassin.  Cooper's  hen-hawk;  California  hawk. 
A  record  for  Cambridge,  Mass.,  is  believed  to  have  been  based  on  a  very 
light-colored  example  of  B.  lineatus. 

SuRNiA  ULULA  (Liuue) .  European  hawk  owl.—  Specimens  of  this  and 
the  American  race  are  said  to  have  been  taken  at  Houlton,  Me.,  in  1877, 
but  probably  all  were  S.  u.  caparoch. 

Dryobates  villosus  leucomelas  (Boddaert).  Northern  hairy  wood- 
pecker.— Under  this  name  Chadbourne  lists  the  Hairy  woodpecker  from 
Williamstown,  Mass.,  probably  in  error  for  D.  villosus. 


AVES.  227 

Si'HYHAPtcrs  VARirs  nuchalis  liainl.  Red-naped  sapsucker.-- The 
su|)pos«'<l  New  Hiiinpshirc  iiiul  Massachii.st'Us  .siH'(im<ii>  jiruvt-  to  lie  S. 
txiriua  rariua. 

AoYRTRiA  viKiDissiMA  (Lossoii).  Llnne's  hummingbird.  Tlie  au- 
thenticity of  the  supposed  Cambridge  specimen  is  open  to  doubt. 

Alat'da  ARVENsis  Linni^. 
Skylark;  Laverock. 

Linnd,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  IG.').  "'in  Europae  apricis." 
RidRway.  Hull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1907,  pt.  4.  p.  292;  Dresser,  Birds  of 
Europe,  1S71   SI,  vol.  4,  pi.  [2:J1].     EgK,  Heudire,  1.S95,  vol.  2,  pi.  5,  fig.  23. 

Upcn  country',  fields  and  meadows;   nests  on  the  ground. 

Mass. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  from  Europe  at  Cambridge,  prior  to 
1880. 

Muni  A  oryzivora  (Linn^).  Java  sparrow. —  A  specimen  was  taken  at 
Belmont,  Ma.ss.,  Nov.  2,  1884,  but  this  and  others  are  doubtless  escaped 
cage  birds. 

Munia  .atricapilla  (Vieillot).  Rufous  and  black  weaver  finch.  —  .\ 
specimen  of  this  Indian  species,  (doul>tk»  an  e>.capt),  was  cajitured  near 
Brunswick,  Maine,  in  March,   1879  (recorde<l  as  Amnflinn  ruhronigra). 

Sturnella  neglecta  .\udul)oii.  Western  meadowlark.  l)oiil)tfiilly 
recorde<l  from  Taunton,  Ma.ss. 

MEr.AQfisrAM's  MAJOR  (VieillotV  Boat-tailed  grackle. —  Formerly 
accredited  to  Maine,  Ma.ssachusetts,  and  Cuniucticut  Ijui  proi>ably  the 
Bronzed  grackle  was  the  species  ob.served. 

Serint's  m-TYRACEA  (Liuu^)  Bonaparte. 
Yellow  finch. 

Fringilla  bulyracea  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  181.  "Ma- 
dera.'' 

Serinus  Jlaviivniris  (Swains.).  Shaqje,  Cat.  birds  Briti.sh  Mus.,  1888, 
vol.  12,  p.  353. 

A  South  African  species. 

Mass. —  Accidental  visitor  or  escape:  South  Scituate,  Feb.  1879,  with 
flock  of  Redpolls. 

Serinos  serinus  (Linn6)  Sharpe. 
Serin  finch. 

Sharpe,  Cat.  birds  Briti.sh  mus.,  1888,  vol.  12,  p.  369. 


228  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

Fringilla  serimis  Linn6,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  12,  1766,  vol.  1,  pt.  1,  p.  320.     "  in 

EUROPA  AUSTRALI." 

Serinus  horiulanus  Koch.     Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871^1,  vol.  3, 
[pi.  170].     Egg,  Seebohm,  1896,  p.  240,  pi.  56,  fig.  16. 
Open  countn,',  orchards  and  gardens;  nests  in  trees. 
Mass. —  Probably  escaped  cagebird :  Springfield,  Nov.  1866. 

Passer  domesticus  (Linn^)  Koch. 

House  sparrow ;  English  sparrow ;  European  house  sparrow. 

Ridgway,  Birds  No.  and  Middle  Amer.,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1901, 
pt.  1,  p.  143.  Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1876,  vol.  3,  p.  [587],  pi.  [176], 
fig.  1,     Egg,  Seebohm.  1896,  p.  238,  pi.  56,  fig.  10-12. 

Fringilla  domestica  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  183.     "in 

EUROPA   PROPE   RtTRA." 

Villages  and  cities  in  vicinity  of  dwellings;  nests  in  trees,  vines,  or  any 
cavity. 

Me. —  Common  resident :  introduced  at  Portland  in  1854  and  1858,  at 
Lewiston  in  1874,  at  Bangor  about  1875. 

N.  H. —  Resident,  common  about  large  cities,  less  common  in  White 
Mt.  valleys. 

Vt. —  Common  resident  about  towns  and  cities;  introduced  at  St.  Johns- 
burj'  between  1874  and  1876. 

Mass. —  Common  resident  about  towns  and  cities;  introduced  at  Boston 
in  1858  and  1868,  Brookline,  1868,  Charlestown,  1869,  Cottage  C  ty  about 
1882,  Somerville,  1871. 

R.  I. —  Common  resident;  introduced  at  Peacedale  in  1858,  Providence 
in  1866  or  before,  Newport,  1874. 

Conn. —  Common  resident ;  introduced  at  New  Haven  in  1867,  Nor- 
wich and  Meriden  between  1865  and  1870,  Portland,  1869. 

AcANTHis  BREWsTERii  (Ridgway). 
Brewster's  linnet. 

Brewster,  Mem.  Nuttall  ornith.  club,  1906,  no.  4,  pi.  6. 

Aegiothus  (flavirostris  var.)  breicsterii  Ridgw.,  Amer.  nat.,  1872,  vol.  6, 
p.  433.     "Walth.\m,  Massachusetts." 

Status  uncertain;  probably  a  hybrid  between  Acanthis  linaria  and 
Spinus  pinus. 

Mass. —  Only  known  specimen  taken  at  Waltham,  Nov.  1,  1870. 

Carduelis  carduelis  (Linne)  Schaffer. 
European  goldfinch. 
Ridgway,  Bull.  50,  U.  S.  nat   mus.,  1901,  pt.  1,  p.  94.     Egg,  Seebohm, 
1896,  p.  241,  pi.  56,  fig.  17. 


I 


AVES.  229 

Fringilla  canhirlix  Liiui<^,  Syst.  nat.,  od.   10,   17.')S,  vol.   1,  |).    ISO.     "  i\ 

EUROPAK   jrMJ'KKKTIS." 

Carduelis   elegant   Stoph.      Dresser,  Birds   of    I^urope,   1S71-81,  vol.  3, 

pi.  [\m\. 

open  country,  orclianls,  and  dt'ciduous  woods;    nests  in  trees. 

Ma8.s. —  Introdvice<i  in  eastern  part,  l>ut  not  well  est;il)lishe<l:  bred  near 
Worcester,  July   11.   Is'.M). 

Conn. —  Kscape,  or  straj;^liT  from  lots  introduced  in  neiKhl>oring 
country:  New  Haven,  May  U,  1892. 

RYNTnopnwF.s  MACowNMi  (Lawrencc).  McCown's  lonjspur.^  Doubt- 
fully recorded  for  .Mas><achusetts  on  the  basi>  nf  :i  m  nkei  bpLcinien  said 
to  have  been  taken  at  Ipswich,  Jan.  7,  1877. 

CoTURNicoLtTs  nAiKDii  (Audubon).  Baird's  sparrow. —  The  first 
known  specimens  of  Passerctdus  princeps  were  recorde<l  under  this  name. 

Pedcaea  ae.stivalis  BACHMANii  (Audubon).  Bachman's  finch. — 
Recorded  from  Berlin,  Mass.,  in  error  for  Ammoilramus  hensloini. 

Pas-serina  riRis  (Linn<^)  Vieillot. 
Painted  bunting;   Nonpareil. 

Emberiza  ciris  Linn^,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  179.     "  America." 

Spiza  ririK  ( Wils.).     Audubon,  Birds  of  .\nier..  1S41,  vol.  .3.  p.  [VA.  pi.  1(»9. 

Thickets  and  hedges;    nests  in  bushes  or  low  trees. 

Me.— "Escape,"  Portland,  June  10,  1904. 

Mass. —  Four  instances;   believed  to  be  escaped  cape  birds. 

R.  I. —  Accidental  visitor  or  escape:   Scituate,  summer,  1882. 

Paroaria  crcuLLATA  (Latham).  Crested  cardinal. —  .\  South  .Vmerican 
species,  once  taken  at  Newport,  K.  1.,  S«-pt.,  1.SS.5,  but  doubtless  an 
escaped  cagebinl. 

CfUBER.NATRix  CRisTATA  (Vieillot). —  ASoutli  American  finch,  of  which 
a  specimen  supposed  to  be  an  escape,  was  taken  at  Providence.  K.  I.,  July 

7,  1888. 

ViREO  ATRiCAPiLLUs  Woodhou.se.  Black  capped  Vireo.  Very  doubt- 
fully reconied  from  Laneslxiro,  Mass. 

Helinaia  HWAI.N80NII  (Audubon).  Swainson's  warbler.  -Erroneously 
accredited  to  Massachusetts  by  Audubon. 

IIelminthophila  lawre.ncei  (Herrick)  Ridgway. 
Lawrence's  warbler. 
Ridgway,  liuU.  50,  U.  S.  nat.  mus.,  1902,  pt.  2,  p.  452. 


230  FAUNA  OF  NEW  ENGLAND. 

Helminthophaga  kiwrencii  Herrick,  Proc.  acad.  nat.  sci.  Phila.,  1874, 
p.  220,  pi.  15.     "  NE.\R  Chatham,  New  Jersey." 

Probably  a  hybrid  form  between  H.  pinus  and  H.  chrysoptera,  which  it 
resembles  in  habits. 

Mass. —  One  recorded  as  seen  at  Dedham,  May  27,  1908. 

Conn. —  Summer  resident:  Bridgeport,  New  Haven,  Portland,  Stam- 
ford.    May  12-July.     Eggs,  June  14. 

Helminthophila  LErcoBRONCHiALis  (Brewster)  Ridgway. 
Brewster's  warbler;    White -throated  warbler. 

Helminthophaga  leucobronchialis  Brewst.,  Bull.  Nuttall  ornith.  club, 
1876,  vol.  1,  p.  1,  pi.  1.     "  Newtonville,  Mass." 

Probably  a  hybrid  form  between  H.  pinus  and  H.  chrysoptera,  which  it 
resembles  in  habits. 

Mass. —  Rare  summer  resident  in  eastern  part  (Hudson,  Lexington, 
Newtonville,  Jamaica  Plain).     May  14-summer.     Eggs,  June  8-18. 

Conn. —  Rare  summer  resident.     May  6-Aug.  8.     Eggs,  June  24. 

"MusciCAPA  minuta"  Wilson  =  Wil.sonia  microcephala  (Ridgway). 
Small-headed  flycatcher.  An  hypothetical  species,  described  by  Wilson 
and  accredited  to  Massachusetts  by  Nuttall,  Brewer,  and  Peabody. 

Penthestes  atricapillus  septextrioxalis  (Harris).  Long-tailed 
chickadee.  Erroneously  recorded  from  Rhode  Island;  the  specimen 
proves  to  be  P.  a.  atricapillus. 

Sylvia  atricapilla  (Linne)  Scopoli. 

European  blackcap  warbler ;  Blackcap. 

Dresser,  Birds  of  Europe,  1871-81,  vol  2,  p.  [421],  pi.  [66].  Egg,  See- 
bohm,  1896,  p.  201,  pi.  52,  fig.  17-19.       • 

Motacilla  atricapilla  Linne,  Syst.  nat.,  ed.  10,  1758,  vol.  1,  p.  187.     "in 

EUROPA." 

Groves  and  orchards;   nests  in  bushes. 

Mass. —  Unsuccessfully  introduced  at  Cambridge  prior  to  1877. 

TtJRDUS  PILARIS  Linne.  Fieldfare. —  A  European  species,  once  taken 
near  Stamford,  Conn.,  Mar.  1888,  but  this  probably  an  escaped  cagebird. 

Planesticus  merula  (Linne).  Blackbird. —  A  male,  probably  an 
escape,  spent  the  writer  of  1908-09  near  the  Boston  public  garden. 

Saxicola  oenanthe  leucorhoa  (Gmelin).  Greenland  wheatear. — 
The  supposed  Maine  records  in  reality  refer  to  birds  taken  across  the  line  in 
New  Brunswick. 


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